North America (Geographic Keyword)
3,176-3,200 (3,468 Records)
The organization of labor is a defining element of society. In the case of the North American West this defining element is often marked by a reliance on seasonal and transient rural labor. In this paper I briefly characterize the transient workforce, discuss its archaeological signatures, and how we might incorporate these marginalized histories into our work. For all its historical importance, rural labor is not an easy topic of study, for reasons ranging from the structures and practices of...
Transition from a Natural to a Cultural Landscape in Quebec City : An Entomological Point of View (2013)
Quebec City’s Intendant’s Palace site is rich in history. For my thesis, I am interested in one history in particular, namely the transition from a natural to a cultural landscape at this site. The landscape pre-dating and after the arrival of Europeans has already been investigated to some degree; however, how the actual transition took place remains unclear. Various methodologies have the potential to address this research question. This thesis will rely on archaeoentomology, micromorphology...
Trash is Treasure: Understanding the Enslaved Landscape in Southern Maryland through Artifact Distribution (2018)
This research will present the findings of an archaeological evaluation focusing on the manipulation of the enslaved landscape throughout Southern Maryland in the 18th and 19th centuries. By analyzing the landscape of slave quarters at Bowens Road II (18CV151) and Smith’s St. Leonard’s (18CV91) more information of Maryland’s plantation landscape can be understood and compared throughout the Middle-Atlantic region. An analysis of artifact distribution focusing on several artifact types throughout...
Traveling in Time: Connecting the public with local history through hospitality, heritage tourism in Catoctin Furnace (2016)
Located in the picturesque foothills of the Catoctin Mountains, the village of Catoctin Furnace is a burgeoning heritage tourism destination. Recently, work began to renovate the Forgeman’s House, a stone "workers’ cabin" constructed ca. 1817. The primary goal of the project, sponsored by the Catoctin Furnace Historical Society, is to restore the house to its original layout and appearance. The cabin will serve as a short-term/vacation rental, available for visitors to reserve nightly....
Treating Material Culture Data and Biological Data Equally: An Example from the Alameda Stone Cemetery in Tucson, AZ (2018)
In the analysis of historic cemeteries, there are many instances, especially in recent years, of biological data taking precedence over data derived from material culture. In part, this is because analysts can often assign a probability to a biological decision, and material culture decisions do not come with specific probabilities. However, regardless of the nature of the data, all lines of evidence should be considered valid and significant. In the excavation and analysis of the Alameda Stone...
The Trent House Personified: Using Artifact Biographies to Tell the Tale of a Storied House (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Artifacts are More Than Enough: Recentering the Artifact in Historical Archaeology", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Archaeological excavations at the William Trent House in Trenton New Jersey have revealed thousands of pre-contact and historic artifacts reflecting the occupation of this site from deep prehistory to the present. This site is one of the Delaware Valley’s most significant historic sites. This...
Trents Plantation Barbados: Some Comparisons of Data Analyzed Using DAACS and a Long Used Analysis System (2015)
As participants in the DRC we learned the DAACS database system and entered an initial group of 3000 data entries for Trents Plantation, Barbados. At Syracuse University we had been using a database using a combination of Access© and Excel© which had become cumbersome and was in need of being updated. DAACS and the DRC provided an opportunity to learn a new system and to collaborate with a group of colleagues, as well as to input on the new DAACS analysis system. This paper reviews our...
Tri-Closure: A Quick And Easy Way To Create A Local Coordinate System For Underwater Photogrammetric Recording (2017)
To use 3-D photogrammetric models as scientific data, it is essential for archaeologists to use local coordinate systems to constrain their photogrammetric models to 1:1 scale. This enables archaeologists to take measurements directly from their models. Direct Survey Methods (DSM) are often used to create local coordinate systems; however, DSM often requires several days of diving operations, which may become problematic when recording large or deep-water sites. As a quick alternative method,...
The Triangle Wrecks Survey: A Successful Collaboration between a Federal Agency and Local Dive Shop (2016)
Maritime Archaeologists from the Monitor National Marine Sanctuary teamed up with divers from the Roanoke Island Outfitters and Adventures Dive Shop of Manteo, NC, to complete a survey of one of the most popular shipwreck sites in North Carolina. Following an underwater archaeology training course with avocational divers supported by the dive shop, a full site recording of Carl Gerhard, a freighter wrecked in 1929 off of Kill Devil Hills, NC, was undertaken. Interest ballooned beyond just those...
Tribal Consultation Program Renewal: An Example from the Air National Guard (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Crucial Issues in United States Department of Defense Cultural Resources Management " session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. To enhance the Air National Guard’s (ANG) Tribal consultation program, the ANG Readiness Center (ANGRC) partnered with the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Tribal Nations Technical Center of Expertise (TNTCX) to support its complex mission of fulfilling its Federal Trust Responsibility...
A Tropical Wave in the Atlantic World: The Comparative Colonial Caribbean Archaeology of Dr. Marley R. Brown III (2015)
Few historical archaeologists in the field today have escaped the influence, advice, and impact of Marley R. Brown III. His reach has extended to the tropical shores of the Caribbean, and his work, along with that of his students, has helped shape the direction of Caribbean historical archaeology. In Bermuda, Barbados, and the British Virgin Islands Marley has fostered a generation of students that have moved beyond site specific processes to embrace the big picture of British colonial and...
The Trouble in River City (It’s Not Pool!) (2016)
Richmond, the capital of Virginia, former capital of the Confederate States, has a deeply buried early history and a highly troubled recent one. The oldest parts of the city sit at the base of a 7-mile long cataract through which the James River falls from the Piedmont to the Coastal Plain. Archaeological remains lie beneath flood deposits and centuries of accumulated urban debris. For decades these resources have been ignored or viewed as obstructions to development. Archaeology in the city has...
The Trouble With The Curve: Reassessing The Gulf of Mexico Sea-Level Rise Model (2018)
During last glacial episode, a massive amount of water was locked within ice sheets, resulting in a reduction in global sea-levels by 134 meters. The reintroduction of freshwater into the oceans radically changed global sea-levels and littoral landscapes. Over the last 20,000 years, approximately 15-20 million km2 of landscape has been submerged worldwide. Sea-level rise explains the rarity of glacial period coastal archaeological sites. Understanding Florida’s Paleoindians’ interactions with...
A Troublesome Tenant in the Gore by the Road: The Cardon/Holton Farmstead Site 7NC-F-128 (2016)
In 1743 Boaz Boyce, guardian of the son of William Cardon, deceased, accused tenant Robert Whiteside of cutting valuable timber, and evidently of obstructing the planting of an orchard. The Cardon/Holton site is identified with Whiteside’s tenant homestead. Artifact analysis suggests an occupation date range of circa 1720 to the 1760s. Dendrochronological dates from well timbers indicate construction in c.1737 and rebuild or repair c.1753. The core of the farmstead was fully excavated,...
Trowels for Plowshares: Experimental Archaeology, Public Engagement, and 19th Century American Agricultural Practices (2018)
A state-owned museum in Park Hill, Oklahoma, the George M. Murrell Home, held their first annual Antique Agricultural Festival (AgFest) in October 2016. Much of the festivities involved living history demonstrations of mid-19th century agricultural practices, including horse-drawn plowing. In collaboration with the organizers and participants of AgFest, I oversaw an experimental archaeology research project documenting the effects of this plowing on artifact distribution and site formation...
‘The True Spirit of Service’: Toys as Tools of Ideology at the Dorchester Industrial School for Girls (2018)
This paper examines the role of ceramics, as both teaching tools and toys, in identity formation at the Industrial School for Girls in Dorchester, Massachusetts. The School, which opened in Dorchester in 1859, had the goal of training girls from impoverished backgrounds to be domestic servants, and as such, the material culture at the School would have been important in reinforcing or contradicting the social roles that these girls were being taught to inhabit. Using adult and doll scale...
The Truth is Out There: The Masking and Lure of Fringe Archaeology (2016)
Fringe archaeology is one of the most controversial and inflammatory aspects of archaeology, occupying an uncomfortable position between academic rigor, public perceptions of the field, and interpretive value. Historical archaeology in general has also encountered these issues in a number of different ways. This paper briefly outlines fringe archaeology, and we examine case studies from Rhode Island, Masssachussetts, and the Northeast to better understand the appeal of fringe archaeology to its...
Tuning In To Public Archaeology (2016)
Unearthing Florida is a radio program designed to enhance the public’s understanding and appreciation of Florida’s archaeological heritage. This program was created following the 14 year success of the Unearthing Pensacola radio program broadcast on NPR member station WUWF 88.1. The creation of Unearthing Florida was made possible through a partnership between WUWF Public Media and the Florida Public Archaeology Network. Over 100 episodes have been produced since this program was first launched...
Turtles in the Tidewater: an Ecological and Social Perspective on Turtle Consumption in the Antebellum South (2016)
This presentation considers the foodways of plantation inhabitants in the antebellum costal South with reference to one particular food resource, the turtle. Turtle remains represent a small but ubiquitous portion of faunal assemblages recovered from late 18th and early 19th century sites in the southern states, and historic documents indicate that antebellum Americans drew upon European, African, and Native American cooking traditions to create a turtle-based cuisine which played an important...
Tweeting the Flood: Student Social Media Fieldwork and Interactive Community Building (2018)
This paper will discuss hands-on uses of social media to help students engage with climate change. A central case study is an interdisciplinary design course on the Mississippi River and the city, taught in spring 2011 by coauthor Patrick Nunnally in which students confronted historic floods on the Mississippi River in real time through a series of twitter assignments. The analysis will discuss how the assignments were set up and carried out, what happened, and what the outcomes were, in...
THE TWELVE APOSTLES: CONCEPTION, OUTFITTING, AND HISTORY OF 16th-CENTURY SPANISH GALLEONS (2016)
During the 16th century, Spain created an empire whose territories spanned Europe, America, and Asia. The most renowned ocean-going vessel employed by the Spanish during this period was the galleon. However, our knowledge of galleons is limited due to inaccuracies in their contemporaneous representations and the absence of archaeological evidence. This paper uses the Twelve Apostles, a series of newly-designed Spanish galleons built between 1589 and 1591, to bridge the gaps in our current state...
Twenty Years of Navy Shipwrecks--1996 to 2016! (2016)
Underwater archaeology was officially incorporated into the US Navy with the creation of a dedicated Branch (UAB) at Naval Historical Center, now Naval History and Heritage Command (NHHC) in 1996. This presentation discusses the reasons that led to the creation of the Branch, the hurdles that had to be overcome and unique problems posed by Navy ship and aircraft wrecks, the UAB program's development and growth, and major achievements, as well as the outlook for the future. Prominent ship and...
Two Meals for Two Tables: Comparing the Diets of Free and Enslaved Washingtons (2015)
This paper compares faunal assemblages from two 1740s cellars located in the heart of the home lot of Ferry Farm—the childhood home of George Washington. Excavation of these cellars yielded rich assemblages of faunal material containing a wide array of animals and offering detailed perspectives on diet. What makes these cellars of special interest though is that they came respectively from the homes of the free Washingtons and the enslaved Washingtons. This means that these two contemporary...
TxDOT: Revealing African American History in the State of Texas (2017)
Over the last twenty years, the Texas Department of Transportation has conducted extensive historical and archeological research uncovering forgotten aspects of the rich cultural heritage of African Americans in Texas. This discussion touches upon major transportation undertakings where African American history was discovered and documented. These include the Ruben Hancock Site, the Freedman’s Cemetery, and the Ransom and Sarah Williams Freedman’s Homestead.
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Section 106 – A Discussion of our Authority (2019)
This is an abstract from the "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: A National Perspective on CRM, Research, and Consultation" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), Regulatory Program evaluates activities that require Department of the Army authorization under various legislative authorities. The most common authority managed under the Corps’ Regulatory Program is Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. This presentation...