District of Columbia (State / Territory) (Geographic Keyword)
6,601-6,625 (8,256 Records)
Today as you walk beside the Delaware River in Philadelphia’s Kensington neighborhood, you will find no evidence of the glass furnaces that stood along its banks from the 1770s to the 1920s. However, excavations are yielding an extraordinary assemblage of flint (lead) glass tableware, lighting devices, and other objects like those made at Union Cut and Plain Flint Glass Works, a little-known factory located between the project area and the Delaware River. Between 1826 and 1842 Union successfully...
Rediscovering the Landscapes of Wingos and Indian Camp: An Archaeological Perspective (2015)
This paper discusses methodologies for tracing the development of domestic and work spaces associated with enslaved people at Poplar Forest and Indian Camp, two plantations located in the Virginia piedmont. The rediscovery of these ephemeral landscapes has been accomplished through a multilayered approach to diverse types of evidence including soil chemistry, artifact distributions, ethnobotanical remains, features, remote sensing and the documentary record. Together, these sources reveal...
Rediscovering the Original Provo, Utah Tabernacle: A Mid-Nineteenth-Century Mormon Meetinghouse (2013)
The original Provo, Utah Tabernacle was constructed from 1856 to 1867. It was one of the earliest tabernacles built by the Mormon pioneers in Utah Territory. It was razed in 1919 and largely forgotten after many of its functions shifted to a second tabernacle constructed on the same city block. This second tabernacle was tragically ravaged by fire in December 2010, but the LDS Church is currently converting the burned-out shell into a new Mormon temple. In anticipation of site disturbance, the...
Rediscovering the Revolutionary War on the Francis Marion and Sumter National Forests (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Francis Marion and Sumter National Forests in South Carolina include over 11,000 archaeological sites spanning major events throughout history. The Revolutionary War is no exception but represents an understudied portion of the Forest’s history despite its namesakes. As part of the Forests’ efforts to further site stewardship and a better understanding...
Rediscovering USS San Diego: 100 Years from the U-boat Attack (2018)
In the fall of 2017, the Naval History and Heritage Command, the University Delaware, Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock and partners conducted a cursory site assessment of the wreck of USS San Diego. Armored cruiser San Diego, launched in 1899, was the only major warship lost by the U.S. Navy during the Great War. Sunk by German U-boat in July 1918, the war grave came to rest just a few miles south of Long Island, where her story has continued to fascinate the public since that time. With...
Reduce Reuse Repurpose: Ships as landscape modification features (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Rebuilding The Alexandria Waterfront: Urban Landscape Development and Modifications" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Ships were an inextricable part of Alexandria's commercial history, both as they traversed the water and as they sat under the waves. As part of Alexandria's expansion into the Potomac River, old and derelict vessels were used to fill in land and build out wharves so that sailing ships could take...
Reducing a Threat: Environmental Significance of the Wreck of USNS Mission San Miguel (2017)
The 2015 documentation of a wrecked tanker at Maro Reef and its subsequent identification as that of the United States Naval Ship Mission San Miguel makes an important contribution to both the maritime heritage and ecology of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Despite the fact that the American military’s critical need for petroleum led to the construction of scores of tankers, this site represents one of the few extant examples of this important vessel type. These unglamorous, yet hardworking...
Reef Beacons; Unlit and Forgotten: Interpreting History for the Future (2016)
Navigational markers are prominent reminders of our country’s maritime heritage. In 1789 the Lighthouse Act was one of several laws the first congress passed to regulate and encourage trade and commerce of the new world. Shipping routes today are much like the historical routes used during discovery and colonization of the new world. Many maritime heritage resources in the Florida Keys Sanctuary are a result of complications along these historical shipping routes. Shipwrecks in the Florida Keys...
Reevaluating Florida’s Chert Quarry Clusters: An Update on Sampling Strategies, Methodological Approaches, and New Results from Northwest Florida (2018)
This paper presents preliminary results from an ongoing study of Coastal Plains chert from Florida. Past research has demonstrated that Florida cherts can be coarsely differentiated into various quarry clusters on the basis of microfossil inclusions, and more recent research has suggested that geochemically characterizing these cherts may further improve provenance determinations. New methodological approaches include using a combination of microfossil analysis, NAA, and LA-ICP-MS to provide...
Reevaluating Precolumbian Pottery of the Florida Keys (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent excavations by the Matecumbe Chiefdom Project at two large midden sites in the Florida Keys have provided better contextual and chronological information on Keys ceramics than previously available. In combination with examination of ceramic materials from this collection, our paper will discuss the characteristics of precolumbian ceramic technology...
A Reevaluation of the Excavations at George Washington's Blacksmith Shop (2018)
The blacksmith shop at George Washington’s Mount Vernon is situated roughly 200 ft. north of the mansion house and was extant in that location from at least 1762 through Washington’s death in 1799. This period featured multiple reorganizations of the grounds and dependencies, in particular the area between the mansion and the blacksmith shop was converted from a work yard to the formal North Grove. The remains of the blacksmith shop and related archaeological features have been excavated on five...
Reexamination of a Small Prehistoric Site in Southeastern Virginia (2017)
Fort Eustis, a small military installation in southeastern Virginia, has over one hundred sites containing prehistoric components, most of which yielded no diagnostic artifacts when identified at the survey level. These sites were subsequently labeled as camps of indeterminate time period and assumed to have little research potential. A recent reinvestigation of one of these supposedly insignificant sites yielded a large quantity of debitage, along with ceramic sherds, concentrated within a very...
A Reexamination of Hurricane Hill Macrobotanicals (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Early Caddo ethnobotany is understudied compared to later periods due to a variety of factors, including preservation and sample size issues. The Hurricane Hill Site (41HP106) is an Early Caddo site with carbonized plant materials previously examined by Gary Crites and Eileen Goldborer. This study analyzed a subsample of Hurricane Hill macrobotanicals...
A Reexamination of the Faunal Assemblage at Bird Hammock (8Wa30) (2018)
The Bird Hammock site (8Wa30) located in Wakulla County, Florida, is a multicomponent site representing Late Swift Creek and Weeden Island occupations. The site consists of two burial mounds as well as two accompanying middens each representing one phase of occupation. Bense completed excavations in 1968 that provided a preliminary description of faunal material at the site but it was not until Nanfro’s (2004) excavations that a more thorough analysis was completed. My research reexamines the...
Referencing the Archaic on a Woodland Landscape on Florida’s Northern Gulf Coast (2018)
During a period of uniformity in ceremonial practices, coastal dwellers of the Lower Suwannee diverged from the architectural norm. Although these coastal people were under the larger influence of Woodland-period traditions, their construction efforts continued to follow ancestral ideals in the form shell rings and ridges. Here I argue that differences in terraforming practices along Florida’s Northern Gulf Coast were a citation to a revered and observed local history formulated by natural...
Refined earthenware ceramics among enslaved Afro-Andeans at the post-Jesuit haciendas of San Joseph and San Xavier in Nasca, Peru (2017)
In excavated contexts at the vinicultural haciendas of San Joseph and San Francisco Xavier de la Nasca, refined earthenwares of British manufacture first begin to appear in post-1767 strata. This period marks the Jesuit expulsion and the expropriation of the estates by the Spanish Crown. Administrators for the Crown likely found it difficult to replicate the material conditions on the haciendas under their Jesuit predecessors and turned to other exchange networks for provisioning the newly...
Refiniing Pinky's Grand Idea for Tobacco Pipe Stem Dating to Enhance Analytic Insights (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Since J. C. “Pinky” Harrington’s 1954 publication of a method of pipe stem dating, it has become a significant tool in historical archaeology analysis. For convenience, he selected a 64ths of an inch metric that became standard. Recent research using a much finer measuring increment reveals that pipe stems are capable...
Refining Archaeological Probability Models: Case Studies from Georgia DOT Systematic Wetland Surveys (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Byways to the Past: An American Highway Archaeology Symposium" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The results of several recent wetland surveys for the Georgia Department of Transportation are raising new questions about traditional archaeological probability models for inundated areas. Wetlands are often left largely uninvestigated during archaeological surveys due to restricted access, logistics issues, and by...
Refining the Chronology of Earthwork Construction in the Lower Mississippi Valley Archaic Period (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Constructing Chronologies I: Stratification and Correlation" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The culture history of southeastern North America is characterized by several episodes of monumental mound building, particularly during the Woodland and Mississippian periods. Some of the earliest manifestations of mound construction occur in the Middle and Late Archaic periods of the Lower Mississippi River Valley. The Late...
Refining The Hermitage Chronologies (2018)
Previous chronologies of site occupations at The Hermitage were based largely on historical documentation combined with observed architectural changes across the landscape. Here we use correspondence analysis of ceramic ware-type frequencies to corroborate and refine earlier chronologies developed by Smith and McKee. DAACS data from ten domestic sites of slavery at the plantation, with occupations spanning from the first decade of the nineteenth century to the 1920’s, allow us to develop...
"Refining" Coarse Earthenware Types from the British Coal Measures (2017)
Ceramics analysis, particularly the identification and dating of ware types on historic sites, structures our inferences in critical ways. However, our ware types and production date ranges are sometimes built on incomplete information about the origins of these wares. The Coal Measures region of Great Britain, encompassing production centers such as Staffordshire and the major port of Liverpool, was the source for a variety of earthenware products, both coarse and refined during the colonial...
Refit for Active Service: Merchant Vessel Conversion and the "Golden Age" of American Whaling (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The period following the War of 1812 saw ship owners, builders, and investors rush to reestablish the damaged United States whale fishery and “cash-in” on the ever-increasing demand for its products. While New England’s shipyards constructed some of the ships needed to rebuild the damaged fleet, converting merchant vessels to whaleships was generally preferred as conversion was a...
Reflections From the Street: Current practices of collaboration and co-authorship in the contemporary archaeology of homelessness project. (2013)
Collaboration between archaeologists and stakeholders has the potential to radically transform a research project. This paper examines the collaborative relationships formed between archaeologists and Davidson Street Bridge Homeless Camp residents working on the archaeology of homelessness in Indianapolis, Indiana. Through the process of co-authorship we reflect on the current structures and views of collaboration both theoretically and practically, we examine the strengths and weaknesses of the...
Reflections in the Hermitage Spring, or How a Summer in Tennessee Drove me Underwater (2018)
The Hermitage Archaeology internship program was a significant and formative experience for many young archaeologists. My career still reverberates with the summer I spent in the program. Like many of the interns, I learned how to do solid scientific archaeology where well-conceived, humanistic questions are addressed with rigorous methods. I also learned that some things are more important than science and that I had no natural talent for Public Archaeology. Much of my career since has been...
Reflections on Community Engagement & Digital Approaches: The Effects & Impacts of Different Tools (2013)
Archaeologists generally believe that public engagement is important and useful, and most believe they are doing so. Many have seen relative ease of use of the web as a panacea for such work. Having been involved in archaeological research, outreach and community engagement for over 40 years, I have experience with a variety of methods. As technology changes and we try to embrace new techniques, however, it is rare that we reconsider our overall engagement strategy, or create a specific plan....