North America (Geographic Keyword)
1,126-1,150 (3,610 Records)
Connecting specific site ecology, adaptation strategies, and location selection preferences for residential and mining resources at Death Valley National Park, the objectives of this study, are key tools that archeologists bring to the situation of climate change. We use an ecological niche modeling approach that identifies bias as well as preference for site selection. Specifically, the models output predict suitability and probability of where specific site types are situated across the...
Erasing Religious Boundaries in a Frontier South Carolina Parish (2017)
Although founded as a religiously tolerant colony, early colonial South Carolina was deeply divided between Anglicans who fought to establish the Church of England and dissenters who opposed it. In 1706, the Church of England did become the official established religion of the colony, yet tensions continued. However, these religious differences were less important in the colony’s southern frontier parishes where white settlers had other concerns, namely from neighboring Native American...
Erosion and Sedimentation at a 19th-century Farmstead (2016)
The Smithsonian Environmental Research Center located in Edgewater, MD is a 2,650 acre campus consisting mostly of eroded farmland. This paper focuses on the complex erosional processes occurring at a historic farmstead located on campus, Sellman's Connection (18AN1431: 1729-1917) by looking at key excavation units along with soil borings that identify the source of eroded material and its final resting place.
Espionage And United Fruit: An Analysis of the SS San Pablo Using 3-D Modeling And Photogrametry (2017)
The refrigerated fruit cargo vessel, SS. San Pablo was torpedoed while docked at Puerto Limon, Costa Rica in 1942 by German U-boat 161. Prior to its sinking, the vessel allowed the United Fruit Company to maintain a near monopoly in the Caribbean and Latin American region. The vessel was later raised and sunk again in 1944 in the Gulf of Mexico near Pensacola, Fl. as part of a test project headed by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and the United States Army Air Force (USAAF). The...
Essential Hardware: An Analysis of Vasa’s Rigging and Gun Tackle Blocks (2018)
Rigging blocks are essential to the operation of a large sailing vessel, yet little has been published on these vital pieces of hardware. Recent research and analysis of the rigging and gun tackle blocks found in association with the Swedish royal warship, Vasa, lost in Stockholm Harbor in 1628,has made possible a detailed study of this specialized equipment, its typology, nomenclature, historical development, physical mechanics, and its application aboard 17th century square-rigged ships....
Estate Bellevue: Archaeology of an Eighteenth Century Cotton Estate, St. Jan, Danish West Indies (2016)
This study examines cotton in the Caribbean through the examination of Estate Bellevue. This site was an eighteenth century cotton plantation on St. Jan (St. John) in the former Danish West Indies. It examines a well preserved cotton plantation for which the ruins of the small mansion house, outbuildings, cotton magazine/storehouse, cotton ginning platform, agricultural terraces, and platforms of enslaved laborer houses all survive. Key elements of the site remain intact and artifacts...
Estimating the Effect of Endogenous Spatial Dependency with a Hierarchical Bayesian CAR Model on Archaeological Site Location Data (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Novel Statistical Techniques in Archaeology II (QUANTARCH II)" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research presents a method to test the endogenous spatial correlation effect when modeling the landscape sensitivity for archaeological sites. The effects of endogenous spatial correlation are inferred using a Hierarchical Bayesian model with an Conditional Auto-Regressive (CAR) component to better understand the...
"Etched in Bone": The Forensic Taphonomy of Undocumented Migration in the Sonoran Desert (2015)
Since 1998, the remains of over 2,500 undocumented migrants have been recovered along the Arizona-Mexico border. Many of these remains are unidentified due to the rapid rate of decomposition, the disarticulation and dispersal of skeletons by animals, and the tendency of many migrants to travel without identification. In this paper we examine the nexus of taphonomic and political processes and actors that influence the decomposition, recovery, and identification of migrant bodies as well as...
An Ethical Anthropology – What This Cultural Anthropologist Learned from Larry Zimmerman (2018)
From American Indian representations in film, to working with descendent communities and sacred sites, to understanding families experiencing homelessness, Larry Zimmerman’s scholarship, guidance, and way of being an anthropologist has greatly influenced the intellectual and professional development of many cultural anthropologists. It is an ethical anthropology that transcends any one subfield of anthropology, which includes owning one’s disciplinary history and identity, learning from it and...
Ethics and Best Practices for Mapping Archaeological Sites (2018)
Principle 6 of the Society of American Archaeology’s Principles of Archaeological Ethics emphasizes archaeologists’ responsibility to publically report archaeological investigations with the stipulation that "An interest in preserving and protecting in situ archaeological sites must be taken in to account when publishing and distributing information about their nature and location." This paper first provides a critical review of current geolocation sharing recommendations and practices, and then...
Ethics of Repatriation > Culture of Academic Freedom (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) is 30 years old, and the generation that opposed its passage is now approaching (or past) retirement age. For professionals that succeed them, repatriation has always been both legal and ethical practice and they must confront legacies of mentors/predecessors who found ways to avoid the...
Ethics, professionalism, and qualifications in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Future of Bioarchaeology in Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology both primarily deal with the analysis of human skeletal remains and employ similar methods for osteological analysis. However, over the past several decades, both subfields have become increasingly specialized with unique procedural and analytical goals. This divergence means that training in one...
Ethiopia and the Politics of Representation in Local, National, and Privately-funded Museums (2017)
The Wolaita people are a minority cultural group within southern Ethiopia. In 1896 Emperor Menelik of Abyssinia engaged in one of his bloodiest campaigns to unseat King Tona and absorb the land and people under the aegis of the Abyssinian Empire. Since then, the Wolaita and other southern groups have been ascribed relatively marginal status in larger representations of Ethiopian identity. In 1994, however, the Ethiopian government began to actively facilitate the development of cultural museums...
Ethnic Chinese at Central Pacific Railroad Maintenance Camps (2015)
The Central Pacific Railroad was completed in May 1869 due, in large part, to the work of thousands of ethnic Chinese railroad workers. After the railroad was complete, it was necessary to upgrade the railroad and carry out maintenance on the far flung transportation network. Railroad documents, previous excavations of ethnic Chinese worker camps in Nevada and recently recorded camps near Promontory Summit, Utah, show that Chinese workers continued to be employed for decades after 1869. It is...
Ethnic Identity And The San Francisco Bay Waterfront During The Mid To Late 19th Century (2015)
The recent archaeological excavations along the former San Francisco waterfront have provided important insights into the cultural and ethnic identity of waterfront residents and maritime workers in 19th-century San Francisco. Excavations from 201 Folsom Street, 300 Spear Street, and relating to the Transbay Terminal (Block 6) have provided archaeological evidence that can be connected with residents involved in a variety of occupations related to maritime commerce. Historical documents,...
Ethnic Markers and Comparative Approaches to the Asian Diaspora (2017)
Direct comparisons between Chinese and non-Chinese sites go back decades. However, most current Asian diaspora archaeology focuses on single-household or single-community case studies, with comparative work limited to using ethnically-linked artifacts to explore patterns of cultural persistence and change or present evidence for interethnic interaction with neighboring communities. Here, I argue that we need to spend more time conducting direct and detailed comparisons between households and...
ETHNOBOTANICAL TRACES AND DOMESTIC SPACES: INVESTIGATIONS OF A CONTACT-ERA FARMSTEAD IN THE COLONIAL SOUTHEAST. (2013)
The Daniel Island site is a small-scale, multi-component settlement located northwest of Charleston, South Carolina. The contact-era occupation at Daniel Island consists of an Ashley phase farmstead with historical references tying the land to the Etiwan Indians. Cultural resource investigations indicated the presence of early Ashley phase (A.D. 1590-1620) and Late Ashley phase (A.D. 1620-1670) occupations ending prior to the founding of nearby Charles Towne in 1670. I investigate the absorption...
Ethnography in the Unit: Archaeology As Elicitation (2018)
Ethnographic approaches to archaeology have explored the way in which archaeological projects are themselves a fruitful site of study (Castenada and Matthews 2008; Hamilakis and Anagnostopoulos 2009). This paper will build on these approaches to explore how Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) archaeological projects open up a rich space for ethnographic inquiry. The paper develops a methodology that uses archaeology both as a craft and metaphor (Gonzalez-Ruibal 2013) in order to elicit...
An Ethnomicrobiology Case Study from Seventeenth-Century Shipboard Food Made Using Experimental Archaeology (2018)
Microorganism have played a vital role in agriculture, medicine, and food production since ancient times. Societies would save, preserve, and inoculate foods and other products with microbes such as yogurt that is fermented with Lactobacillus. Although their existence and mode of action was not understood until the mid-19th century, societies and bacteria have lived symbiotically for millennia. The new field of ethnomicrobiology is defined as the study of the use of microbes, including bacteria,...
European Influences in Ancient Hawaii (2015)
Pacific Cartography establishes three discoveries of the Hawaiian Archipelago during the 16th century. Spanish records note Manila Galleons missing with no trace in the late 16th century and again around 1700. Dutchmen suffered desertion of crewmembers, at islands in the central Pacific at 16 degrees north, in the year 1600 AD. Hawaiian tradition specifically mentions two shipwrecks, with female survivors, and is rife with stories of visitors, many of whom became prominent citizens in an...
European Style Pottery Making in South Carolina: 1565-1825 (2016)
The first European potters in South Carolina worked at the Spanish settlement of Santa Elena between 1565 and 1585. When the English established their permanent settlement at Charleston in 1670 pottery making was not a consideration. Andrew Duche, son of Philadelphia potter Anthony Duche moved to Charleston in the early 1730s and worked there briefly before moving south to Georgia. Another potter working in the European tradition moved to the frontier township of Purysburg later in the 1730s,...
European Tales among the North American Indians: a Study in the Migration of Folk-Tales (1919)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Evaluating Archaeological Predictability Across the Western United States (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Novel Statistical Techniques in Archaeology II (QUANTARCH II)" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Human behavior is patterned in relation to the environment, and these patterns are approximated by the archaeological record. Similarly, the ability to discover archaeological material is patterned in relation to the environment. Geographic Information Systems and statistical software have been used to develop multiple...
Evaluating Co-Creative Cultural Heritage Projects in Rural Communities in Ancash, Peru. (2018)
This paper discusses the evaluation criteria in the creation and implementation of cultural heritage educational programs over a four-year period in rural communities in the Ancash Region of Peru. Over the length of the projects, we made a decisive shift from an approach of creating products for a community to one where we worked with the community in program development. We determined that a co-creative approach that prioritized the expressed needs of the community resulted in cultural...
Evaluating Digital Workflows in Academic and CRM Settings (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological field research can be expensive for a student or a small cultural resource management (CRM) firm. This poster proposes inexpensive and efficient methods for students conducting field research and CRM companies with limited startup resources. We discuss the results of field testing our digital workflow, which utilizes Avenza Maps Pro, a...