North America (Geographic Keyword)
2,626-2,650 (3,602 Records)
Enver H. Hoxha was the communist leader of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. At first an avowed Stalinist, Hoxha later adopted an extreme Marxist-Leninist perspective that emphasized isolationism, atheism, and a strict socialist order. Hoxha’s rule was also marked by executions of political opponents and religious leaders, human rights abuses, and widespread poverty. One symbol of his paranoia was the construction in the late 1970s of a 100-room, underground anti-nuclear bunker. ...
Public Memory and Dark Heritage at Santa Claus Village (2016)
Cutting across the Arctic Circle in the heart of Finnish Lapland, Santa Claus Village celebrates familiar holiday legends while offering visits with Santa and the opportunity to purchase a host of consumer goods. The Yuletide tourist attraction north of Rovaniemi sits on a landscape that was a Luftwaffe airbase during World War II, and many of the foundations of the massive base’s support structures visibly dot the forests around Santa Claus land. The history of Finland’s status as...
Public Monitoring of Maritime Cultural Resources Along Coastal Regions (2018)
Historically coastal regions have been some of the most treacherous navigable waterways for mariners due to high wave turbidity, oceanic currents, and meteorological phenomena. As such, the probability of the public encountering the resulting cultural resources is more likely in these areas. These cultural resources found in the constantly changing coastal environment has created the opportunity for the author, working for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, to develop a shipwreck tagging...
Public Outreach and the QAR Lab: Engaging Present and Future Generations in Cultural Heritage (2018)
The North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources encourages its facilities to engage the public of North Carolina in history and cultural heritage through education and outreach programs. The Queen Anne’s Revenge Conservation Lab is tasked with investigating, documenting, and preserving the remains of Blackbeard’s flagship, and as a member of the Department strives to provide opportunities for active learning within the local community and beyond. With limited resources and no...
Public Outreach Through Student Training: An Example of a NPS-University Partnership in Western Pennsylvania (2016)
Five National Park Service units located in Western Pennsylvania present the history of the region from the days of George Washington through the 18th century industrial period to even more recent events. From 1999 through 2009, a partnership between the NPS and Indiana University of Pennsylvania provided opportunities for students to gain field and lab experience working on NPS projects and conducting research for MA Thesis projects. These opportunities provided the students with needed...
Public Perception of Louisiana Voodoo: Eighteenth Century Practices In The Digital Age (2018)
Louisiana has long been known for its participation in various African and Caribbean rituals and Voodoo practices. However, over three centuries of Louisiana’s history, public perception has changed a myriad of times, reflecting the cultural changes at large of the United States. Currently, the practice of Voodoo and other religions have made a popular resurgence, particularly in the digital age. Members of all religions can find common interest groups and obtain materials needed for rituals and...
Public Spaces For The People: A Preliminary Investigation Of Colonial Taverns And Markets In Charleston, South Carolina (2017)
Early modern British Atlantic world colonial port cities of North America were filled with a diverse cast of individuals and groups. Public space in port cities provided an area for the masses to interact and participate in a variety of activities. This poster will look at public space in Charleston, South Carolina during the long eighteenth-century. As part of a larger project, this analysis will look at taverns and markets, providing a window into the diverse groups and activities that were...
Public Underwater Archaeology: Public Perception VS. Plausible Reality in the Case of the CSS Pee Dee Cannon Raising. (2017)
Managing the expectations of the public and the timeline in which many expect archaeology to happen is a challenge for every public archaeological organization. When you add the underwater component and restrictions related to maritime law, public perception and plausible reality often conflict. The raising of the CSS Pee Dee Canons serves as an example of mitigating multiple agencies as well as making underwater archaeology visible. This crossover also highlights many of the problems with...
Public Use of Beach Shipwrecks on African Shores (2017)
Shipwrecks on African beaches serve as archaeological field training sites, history classrooms for school children, tourist hiking, horse riding or driving trails, as fashion show props and as outdoor studios for film productions. Public uses of beach shipwrecks, often more accessible than underwater sites, has potential to enhance appreciation and management of global maritime heritage. This paper presents case studies in South Africa, Namibia and the Transkei. Examples include Kakapo (1900)...
Public vs. Private in the Domestic Spaces of the Enslaved: Yards and their Uses at Kingsley Plantation, Jacksonville, Florida, 1814-1860 (2016)
Kingsley Plantation, a Second Spanish Period site located on Fort George Island in Jacksonville, Florida, has seen various excavations over the course of the past six decades. In addition to an intensive focus on the interiors of slave cabins, the investigation of which allows interpretation of private and personal spaces, yards around the cabins have been examined in order to better understand those areas that operate as both personal and public. Yards provided the settings for activities tied...
Publishing Unprovenanced Artifacts (2017)
The recent growth in volume and complexity of the illicit antiquities trade is documented, and links have been established between it and criminal activities, such as money laundering, extortion, drug and arms trading, terrorism, insurgency, and slavery. In 2011 Neil Brodie argued that "academic expertise is indispensable for the efficient functioning of the [illicit antiquities] trade," but the authors argue that a full ban on the study of unprovenanced artifacts is unacceptable from a...
Pullman Heritage Project: Legacies of Race and Industry in a Fresh-Water Entrepôt (2018)
The communities of Pullman live amid landscapes rich in industrial legacies. The legacies are industrial and economic, aesthetic, ecological and enviornmental. Since the town's founding, it has been part of global currents and flows of people, capital, products, and information. With the founding of Pullman National Monument by President Obama in 2015, the residents' long struggle to tell their stories have taken a new turn. Michigan Technological University's Industrial Heritage and Archaeology...
Pulpits and Bones: African-American Vistas of Action, Innovation, and Tradition (2018)
The cultural landscapes of African-American communities in the nineteenth century were often anchored with a church, cemetery, and school. Sectarian and secular dynamics interacted in shaping the terrains of those social networks. This presentation explores such developments in the impacts of religious beliefs, practices, and congregations on the strategic locations and configurations of churches and cemeteries before and after the Civil War, with a focus on the Midwest region. For example, the...
"Pushing Against a Stone": Landscape, Generational Breadth, and Community-Oriented Archaeological Approaches in the Plantation Chesapeake (2016)
By the antebellum era enslaved communities across large tidewater Chesapeake plantations boasted deep temporal and broadly dispersed roots, enjoining residents across quarters through bonds of kinship and camaraderie that often transcended plantation boundaries. Broad cross-plantation neighborhoods encompassed mosaics of significant places suffused with notions of community and grounded in generational investments in labor and experience, places and ties that often retain value to present-day...
Pushing the Boundaries: Technology-Driven Exploration of Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary (2018)
During the summer of 2017, archaeologists from Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary led a series of partnerships to test technologically based methodologies for exploring and rapidly assessing submerged cultural resources. First, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) mapped shallow water areas and image extant archaeological materials. Next, in a sequential series of field campaigns, researchers conducted a wide-area survey to located and document historic vessel remains. The first campaign utilized...
Pushing the Boundary: The Game of Cricket in a Colonial Context. (2016)
By the early nineteenth century the game of cricket had gone through a major transformation. In the eighteenth century it was it a game played mostly by the landed gentry with all of the associated drinking and gambling. By 1800 it had become a game played by common people and had come to represent a less decadent way of life as espoused by idea of Muscular Christianity. The British took both the game and this ideology with them throughout their colonies. This paper examines the physical and...
Putting a Face on History: Using Forensic Facial Reconstructions and Imagery in the Arch Street Project (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Bones and Burials in Philadelphia: The Arch Street Project’s Multidisciplinary Research" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper will discuss the application of forensic art and 3-D facial reconstruction (in clay) that was conducted on selected skull replicas made from the Arch Street salvage cemetery site. These reconstructions help to "put a face" on the people who lived in Philadelphia between the 18th to...
Putting the Public Back in Archaeology: Restoration of a Civil War Era Gun Emplacement on Battery B at Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site (2016)
Public archaeology has been a long-standing practice at Brunswick Town/Fort Anderson State Historic Site. Began by pioneering archaeologist Stanley South in the 1950s, his style of public archaeology involved having on-going excavations visible to the public and timely disseminated results through local newsletters. Yet in the half-century dearth of investigations since South departed the site, public archaeology was largely forgotten and all but disappeared. However, recent efforts to more...
A Puzzle from the Deep: The Mystery of the Empty 19th Century Shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico (2015)
An intriguing mystery has presented itself in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM): the discovery of several 19th century shipwrecks apparently bare of portable artifacts. Improved technology has, in the past decade, allowed for cheaper and safer production of oil in the deep waters of the GOM. Under the direction of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, companies are required to conduct high-resolution geophysical surveys of their leases in advance of bottom disturbance. This has resulted in the discovery...
The Puzzle Of Pickles Reef - Update (2016)
The Maritime Archaeological and Historical Society (MAHS) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the protection of historic shipwrecks and other underwater cultural resources. Since 2010 MAHS has been assisting the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) with an assessment of cultural resources on Pickles Reef, a small coral reef located within the sanctuary just south of Molasses Reef. Our initial surveys suggested that the site was a barge that carried cement for Henry Flagler’s...
A pXRF Analysis on18th-Century Colonial Redware (2017)
This portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) research addresses questions concerning economic status and procurement strategies through the study of redware ceramics. The use of pXRF is a high-tech, newly emerging analytical technique for archaeologists that provides quantitative data concerning the chemical composition of ceramics. The ceramics were produced by local or regional manufacturers, and this research is a comparative compositional study with collections from several archaeological sites...
Pyric Herbivory in Ancient North America (2019)
This is an abstract from the "HumAnE Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Fire is a powerful tool for hunting because fire effects have important consequences on habitat and forage for prey species. Using case studies from the northern Great Plains and the Southwest US, I explore how fire-use positively impacted prey abundances or location, resulting in higher encounter rates for particular hunting strategies. Specifically, these case...
The Quandary Of Diaspora: Folk Culture And African And Scottish Interactions At The Kingsley Plantation (1814-1839), Fort George Island, Florida (2015)
Recognizing ethnic identities through materiality has long been a goal of American historical archaeology, in particular within the African Diaspora. The ability to identify and interpret archaeologically the material residues of these past social behaviors has most successfully relied upon exclusive contexts of interaction and access; African customs may be "recognized" in slave cabins, while European customs and beliefs may manifest materially within predominately or exclusively Euroamerican...
Quantifying Earth Oven Fire-Cracked Rock: A View from the Langtry Rock Midden (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Archaeology of Eagle Nest Canyon, Texas: Papers in Honor of Jack and Wilmuth Skiles" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper highlights quantification data from the author’s thesis, including the methodology of 33 archaeological excavations in the Edwards Plateau and Lower Pecos Canyonlands in which fire-cracked rock (FCR) quantification attempts were made. My excavations at Langtry Rock Midden (41VV168) were...
Quarantined in the Promised Land: Honoring the Living and the Dead at the Staten Island Marine Hospital (2018)
Historical Perspectives, Inc. completed a large, multi-year study of the Northern Cemetery of the Staten Island Quarantine Grounds. The archaeological team located and excavated a portion of the cemetery, which was utilized for the burial of patients from the Marine Hospital in the 1840s and 1850s. The individuals buried here were mostly immigrants who died in sight of the United States, which they hoped would provide them with a new life. The narrative of the patients at the Marine Hospital...