North America (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sue Moore. J. Kevin Chapman. Amanda L. Morrow.

In 2010 Georgia Southern University began a long term project to investigate and interpret Camp Lawton Prison near Millen, Georgia.  This prison had a short lifespan, only six weeks to construct and six weeks of occupation and yet it has proven to have one of the most intact prisoner occupation areas of any Civil War prison in the United States.  Results of work so far have demonstrated the efficacy of metal detection use in the prisoner occupation area, developed a conservation strategy for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan J. Howell.

Test excavations conducted within modern-day Fort McCoy (US Army Installation, Wisconsin) revealed portions of historic Camp McCoy/Camp Emory Upton, two seasonal Army manuever camps occupied sporadically from 1905-1910.  Discovery of what appears to be a Company size bakery, butcher yard and supply station area, along with a period midden allows for a detailed archaeological understanding of the lives, equipment and diet of enlisted soldiers in the early "territorial" U.S Army. This site is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William B. Lees.

In October of 1861 the camp of the 6th New York Volunteer Infantry was surprised and routed and the Battle of Santa Rosa Island ensued. Confederates destroyed the camp before being pushed off the island by regulars from nearby Fort Pickens. Research at the site was kicked off by an RPA-certified Advanced Metal Detecting for the Archaeologist training hosted by the University of West Florida, Florida Public Archaeology Network. Results expanded on the understanding of the site developed after the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Palus.

Camp Stanton was a major Civil War recruitment and training camp for the U.S. Colored Infantry, established in southern Maryland both to draw recruits from its plantations, and to pacify a region yet invested in slavery. More than a third of the nearly 9,000 African Americans recruited in Maryland during the Civil War were trained at Camp Stanton. Archaeological survey and testing resulted in the discovery of four features associated with shelters that housed recruits over the winter of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher P. Morris.

In the wake of Superstorm Sandy, massive multi-agency infrastructure projects were undertaken along the Atlantic seaboard to repair the damage. Such projects can have a disastrous effect upon historic resources long since buried. During a large-scale seawall project in Brick Township, NJ, ship timbers, planks, fittings, fastenings, and structural elements were pried from their sites by construction equipment, moved before being stockpiled, and the hole backfilled with sand. This was prior to it...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gary Haynes. Janis Klimowicz. Piotr Wojtal.

This is an abstract from the "Human Interactions with Extinct Fauna" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The characteristics of human-killed and human-scavenged elephant carcasses differ in important ways. The bones of an elephant butchered immediately after humans killed it are identifiably distinct from bones taken from a "ripened" carcasses that was scavenged by humans. With newly killed carcasses, the butchering may be light to full, resulting in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carol Colaninno-Meeks. John Chick.

This is an abstract from the "Archaeology Education: Building a Research Base" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For many undergraduate anthropology majors, participation in an archaeological field school is the entry point to a professional career in the discipline. Despite the importance of field schools, few scholars have investigated the learning outcomes students gain or lasting impacts, either negative or positive, from participation in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katharine Fernstrom.

This is an abstract from the "The Role of Rock Art in Cultural Understanding: A Symposium in Honor of Polly Schaafsma" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Polly Schaafsma’s extraordinary body of rock art publications allows us to return repeatedly to the images to ask different questions as our knowledge expands. Rock art informs my studies of pre-European Native American murals and 3-dimensional human figures because murals are compositions on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cori Rich.

Driven by the desire to learn, explore, and grow in the field of archaeology, those who chase this life are often left asking themselves: to CRM or not to CRM? Cultural Resource Management, specifically Phase I survey, is not what many would consider "exciting" or even "sexy".  All that in mind, I have taken on the task of building and managing a multi-state CRM program built on the foundation of telecommunications projects and Phase I surveys.  Telecom has created a unique environment that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica G Moses. Matthew C. Greer.

As part of ongoing archaeological investigations of Quarter Site B at Belle Grove Plantation in Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley, geospatial data from various sources are being compiled and analyzed in ArcGIS. Of particular interest is the spatial relationship between the quarter site and the two main loci of white control over the plantation, the manor house and the plantation office/store. This presentation uses viewshed analysis and 3D visualization to explore visibility and lines of sight within...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allen Wilson. Michael P. Fedoroff.

The nature of the mission of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers--water management, and the dams and reservoirs necessary to accomplish this mission have resulted in many familial and community cemeteries on USACE land falling under the stewardship of the Corps. The desire to settle near productive bodies of water, the time period around which these areas were being settled, and the preference to establish these cemeteries on high grounds resulted in numerous examples of the "Upland South Folk...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dena Doroszenko.

The Ashbridge family were one of the founding families in Toronto and their homestead represents the earliest still remaining within the City. The Ashbridge estate collection as donated to the Trust included household and personal artifacts, and archival documents. These document the personal characteristics, tastes and influences which affected six generations of the family. Archaeological excavations have occurred on the property in 1987-1988, and from 1997 until 2001. Within the ceramic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey Mitchem.

For thousands of years before motorized transportation, dugout canoes were the mode of water travel in interior North America. Due to their perishable nature, they are rarely found archaeologically. Most have been preserved due to being kept submerged in anaerobic conditions or buried in underwater sediments. In Arkansas, only a handful have been found, all in riverine situations. The severe flooding in northeast Arkansas in 2008 dislodged a dugout in the St. Francis River that ended up on a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only B. Lynn Harris.

Since 2004, the Cape Point Nature Reserve has been part of the Cape Floral Kingdom, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The spectacular reserve has an abundance of wildlife, historic shipwrecks and a lighthouse. A shipwreck hiking trail is a popular feature. Heritage visitation combined with nature tourism is a key component in South African economic growth today.  The Cape Point area is a good example of showcasing a global maritime cultural landscape in a broader context and this study explores the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin E. Uehlein.

The years following the Civil War and leading up to the Great Depression are largely left out of archaeological discourse. Whether as a result of perceived temporal insignificance (it’s not old enough!), or the assumed ephemerality of such assemblages, peoples dispossessed of their homes as a result of the greatest crisis in modern capitalism have been forgotten in mainstream discourse and effectively ignored by archaeologists. A focus on capitalism within historical archaeology supports this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David G Orr.

This paper interprets the various actions and violent encounters between the American Revolutionary Army and the British Crown forces in the Philadelphia Campaign of 1777-78. Probably one of the most significant narratives imbedded in these events is the role of the Hessian mercenaries fighting for the Royalist cause. Fortunately, the diary that Captain Johann von Ewald wrote has survived to brilliantly annotate this critical moment in the history of the war. He was an unusually candid and keen...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric B. Gleason.

In April 1873 Eadweard Muybridge and Louis Heller came to the Lava Beds in northern California to photograph the sites, scenes, and participants of the Modoc War. They produced more than 75 stereo photographs, providing an unparalleled record documenting fortifications, weapons, U.S. Army field camps, and Modoc cave and camp locations. Many of these photographs detail Captain Jack’s Stronghold, the site of both Modoc and U.S. Army camps, and two major battles. These photographs proved to be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Black.

This is an abstract from the "Hearths, Earth Ovens, and the Carbohydrate Revolution: Indigenous Subsistence Strategies and Cooking during the Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene in North America" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The North American Carbohydrate Revolution was conceived by a prolific researcher who spent decades in the Pacific Northwest, Northern Rockies, and South-Central North America exploring the data potential represented by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Hayes.

When we remember the great American values of freedom and opportunity, do we also remember the cost, and those at whose expense those values are gained?  The historic site of Fort Snelling in Minnesota has been reconstructed and interpreted as a frontier fort, opening the west to settlers.  Yet the site also has witnessed the failed promises to Native peoples, the ambivalent status of enslaved African Americans in non-slavery territories, and the struggles to belong by Japanese American soldiers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Chenoweth. Mark Salvatore. Laura Bossio.

The analysis of high-resolution satellite imagery to aid archaeological understanding, or "Space Archaeology" as it is sometimes called, presents a largely untapped set of methodologies for historical archaeological work.  This project makes use of Normalized Differential Vegetation Indexes (NDVI) calculated on high-resolution satellite images of the British Virgin Islands.  These data are combined with historic maps to analyze the different productive potentials of different plantations and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel Carreon. Rita Austin. Sabrina Sholts.

Studying teeth in museum archaeological collections allows us to address questions about diet, health, and the environment. One common health indicator is the rate and frequencies of in pathological indicators such as carious lesions (cavities) within a population. Changes in the amount of caries over time in a population show the changes in diet which may reflect cultural or environmental changes. Through museum collections we are able to look at caries and asses the relationship between oral...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Martinez.

This is an abstract from the "In Search of Solutions: Exploring Pathways to Repatriation for NAGPRA Practitioners (Part III)" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In light of the newly proposed Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) regulation concerning “Duty of Care,” this talk hopes to assist you and your institution (regional or national) to navigate and implement best practices for the curation of historical/ethnographic,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen M Tiede. Kaitlyn Hosken.

The Kooskia Internment Camp (KIC) near Lowell, Idaho, housed Japanese internees during World War II. Open from 1943 to 1945, Kooskia was home to 256 Japanese men who helped to build U.S. Highway 12 during their stay. As detainees of the U.S. Department of Justice, these individuals were treated as foreign prisoners of war and were therefore subject to the conditions of the 1929 Geneva Convention. As such, the internees possessed the right to adequate medical care.  Artifacts recovered from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Matthews.

Historical archaeology is a useful method for discovering silenced and hidden pasts that force reconsideration of how the present came to be and at what and who’s expense. This impulse regularly generates deeper appreciations for the power of the past in and over the present. Yet, archaeologists less often move their results forward to engage with the futures that contemporary people, such as descendant and local communities, can make with new archaeological knowledge. This is surprising since a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kari Jones.

Over 50,000 Italian prisoners of war were transported to the United States during World War II. After Italy negotiated an armistice with the Allies, POWs were presented with a choice. Those that signed an oath of allegiance to the new Italian government were assigned to Italian Service Units (ISUs). They provided support services for the United States military in exchange for limited freedoms and better living conditions. Those that refused to sign the oath remained in POW camps. This paper...