North America (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valerie M. J. Hall.

Subtypological analysis of historic-period indigenous ceramics indicates changes in Maryland Indian women’s pottery over the course of the seventeenth century may have helped normalize the selection and adaptation of aspects of English material culture, while preserving family- and clan-based cultural traditions.  Previous research, hypothesizing that native-made items including ceramics were purchased/traded for and used by English colonists, elucidates a shift in surface treatments while...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane Wallman. Matt Litteral.

In recent years, the southern United States has experienced a growing movement to remove confederate memorials from public spaces. These efforts have initiated a dialogue about representations of heritage, and the ethics of memorialization. Arguments for the removal of these memorials and monuments maintain that they misrepresent the past, and minimize the suffering of enslaved people and their descendants. Gamble Plantation was one of several sugar plantations established along the Manatee...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacey Camp.

Three dimensional virtual worlds present new possibilities and new challenges for teaching about difficult pasts or "dark heritages." This paper considers how virtual environments can be used to explore conflict through user interaction with primary and secondary data sets. It will present a virtual world prototype of Idaho’s Kooskia Internment Camp, a World War II Japanese American internment camp that imprisoned over two hundred Japanese American men. Drawing upon pedagogical strategies...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Nassaney.

Our scholarship teaches us that racialized structures created conditions that constrained and facilitated social action, with a pervasive influence on the materiality of the past. Inevitably, agents worked against institutionalized racism in public and covert ways to try to affect a more equitable and less dehumanizing society. Despite these efforts, we generally pay less attention to how ongoing structural racism influences our current lives and practice as historical archaeologists and global...

DOCUMENT Citation Only V. Camille Westmont. Mikaela Girard.

Historical archaeology has an opportunity to tell histories that have been obscured, overlooked, or forgotten, purposefully or otherwise, through the passage of time; however, some of these facets of the past continue to ring true in the present. Archaeologists from the University of Maryland have documented patterns and stories of domestic violence in small company "patch" towns in Northeastern Pennsylvania’s Anthracite coal region covering nearly 100 years of history. Oral histories with town...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda M. Evans. Marcy Rockman.

In 2015 the United Nations established Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) as part of a global agenda.  SDG 14 charges the world to "conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources." SDG 13 urges action to combat climate change and its impacts, while SDG 11 calls for greater efforts to safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage. Our goal here is to show that these goals are best addressed together. In the US alone, nearly half the population lives in coastal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathleen M. Sullivan.

Underwater archaeological sites are typically inaccessible to the general public. The public’s interaction with such sites occurs through connections made with excavated artifacts. However, the conservation of these artifacts, especially if they come from a marine environment, can take decades. Interpreting conservation to the public promotes understanding of the lengthy treatment process, thereby fostering support for the project and creating a connection to the artifacts and their history. USS...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John T. Eddins. Virginia Busby.

Reflecting on NHPA 50 years after its passage, it is its public relevance, engagement, and inclusiveness that increasingly enable it to protect the valued heritage of our diverse peoples.  Implemented wisely, with broad stakeholder involvement, and integrated with environmental considerations, NHPA, Section 106 in particular, can directly support future economic, cultural, and environmental sustainability.   From its beginnings NHPA provided flexibility that we have gradually grown more...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael P Roller.

Anthropologist John Connerton’s brief essay "Seven Kinds of Forgetting" provides a foundation and touchstone for recent explorations in the study of memory and modernity. Rhizomatic in nature, the essay succeeds in opening up, and also fragmenting, explorations of memory spanning a broad theoretical spectrum of critical, materialist and culturalist approaches. This essay adapts, critiques and expands upon Connerton’s notions of memory using the example of memory and forgetting in the subsequent...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danny Zborover.

In April of 1522, Pedro de Alvarado conquered and claimed the Port of Huatulco in the name of the Spanish King Carlos V. Among the best natural harbors on the Pacific Ocean, Huatulco soon became the main port-of-trade for the Hapsburgian Empire between New Spain, Central America, and Peru up until the late 16th century. But this conquest was only one of many-- and one of the last-- of such dramatic cycles of domination and colonialization in southern Mexico. Drawing from Indigenous documents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zoe Crossland.

This paper looks at the ways in which history and memory were involved in the expansion of the early 19th century 'Merina' state of highland Madagascar. In his conquests of neighboring territories King Andrianampoinimerina gave history to some of his new subjects, and took it away from others. In considering how this played out I explore the implications for how we understand history and historicity, and for examining archaeology's relationship to history.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Stika.

Through conservation and analysis, artifacts from USS Westfield’s collection contribute significantly to the cultural history of the American Civil War. The sinking of USS Westfield on January 1, 1863 in Galveston Bay, Texas, effectively ended the Union’s ability to dominate Texas’ coastal waters until the end of the war. The disarticulated remnants of Westfield left in Galveston Bay lay subject to almost 150 years of erosion, dredging efforts, and salvage until the US Army Corps of Engineers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay E Cope.

Coral Reef ecosystems are composed of sessile colonies that have evolved over thousands of years. The rate of loss of these important and unique ecosystems is heightened by climate change and acute human impacts and their conservation is important for marine life and coastal communities. Many strategies are being used to protect coral reefs including marine protected areas, artificial reefs, and coral gardening. Coral gardening is gaining momentum as communities and scientists work to rebuild...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lesley Haines.

As the process of conserving USS Monitor artifacts continues, the Batten Conservation Complex staff at the Mariners’ Museum and Park constantly witness the intersection of the archaeological and historical records. There is an abundance of material to consult. Numerous documents related to Monitor survive, including newspaper articles, survivors’ accounts of the sinking, and ship plans. Additionally, NOAA’s excavations and continued study of the shipwreck combined with the on-going conservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Atkinson. Andrew Willard.

Archaeological investigation at the Emanuel Point II shipwreck has been ongoing since its discovery in Pensacola Bay in 2006. Excavations in the stern section conducted in 2009 produced a multitude of artifacts, including two of the iron gudgeons used to affix the rudder to the sternpost of the vessel. This poster provides an overview of the conservation process given to the larger of the gudgeons recovered, demonstrating the techniques used for a large-scale multi-component artifact. Comprised...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kirsten Dollarhide.

Two hours into the voyage from Crescent City, California to Victoria, British Columbia in July 1865, Captain Samuel DeWolf ordered SS Brother Jonathan to set a return course. Eight miles outside of Crescent City, a wave smashed the vessel into a rock, sinking it in under an hour—along with most of the cargo and passengers. It wasn’t until the 1990s that the wreckage was rediscovered; in May 2016, a shipping crate salvaged from the wreck was sent to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Paul Mardikian.

In March 2013, U.S. Navy-trained dolphins found a torpedo during a training session off the coast of San Diego, California. The middle and after body sections of the torpedo were recovered and identified by the Naval History and Heritage Command Underwater Archaeology Branch as a Howell torpedo, one of three known to exist in the world. This presentation describes conservation efforts to preserve this complex technological object. Partial disassembly of the torpedo allowed for effective cleaning...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Dostal. Amy Borgens.

In the Gulf of Mexico in July of 2013, the research vessel E/V Nautilus sent the remotely operated vehicle Hercules down to a depth of over 1330m to survey and recover artifacts from an early 19th-century shipwreck known as the Monterrey A that had been surveyed the year before. They recovered more than 60 artifacts, all of which are currently being conserved and studied at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. This paper presents a survey of the techniques currently being used to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mara Deckinga.

During recovery of material from CSS Georgia, numerous textile artifacts were recovered and transported to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research Laboratory for treatment. Unlike terrestrial locations, waterlogged sites like CSS Georgia provide a stable environment of constant temperatures, low sunlight, and minimal exposure to micro-organisms, allowing for preservation of organic material normally lost to taphonomic factors. With maritime Civil War sites like USS Monitor and H.L. Hunley...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlin Bronston-Flynn.

During the excavation of Emanuel Point II, a 16th-century Spanish ship that sailed as part of colonization fleet led by Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano, a large number of wooden barrel hoop fragments were recovered. These vary in size from a few centimeters to almost 20 centimeters in length and were found both loose and bound together.  Once removed from the site these artifacts must be conserved using the best practices available. The conservation laboratory at UWF has elected to use a freeze...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Donny Hamilton.

The Conservation Research Laboratory (CRL) was founded in1978 as part of the Nautical Archaeology Program (NAP) at Texas A&M University (TAMU) to treat the material from the archaeological sites excavated by TAMU and the Institute of Nautical Archaeology. Now CRL is one of six laboratories that comprise the Center of Maritime Archaeology and Conservation (CMAC) and CRL’s scope has considerably increased with an active contract conservation program treating archaeological material from both...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Shanna L Daniel.

The Naval History & Heritage Command (NHHC) Archaeology & Conservation Laboratory, part of the NHHC Underwater Archaeology Branch, supports the Command's mission through the conservation, preservation and curation of archaeological material recovered from US Navy sunken military craft (SMC).  More than 7% of the Navy's archaeological artifact collection was returned to NHHC for treatment and management following unauthorized removal from US Navy SMC.  Unsanctioned and uncontrolled removal of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arianna M. DiMucci.

The in-progress conservation of two mechanical jacks recovered from the early 18th-century shipwreck Queen Anne’s Revenge (31CR314), flagship of the notorious pirate Blackbeard, is presented here. Designed to lift or pry apart heavy objects, the jacks were likely part of the ship carpenter’s tool kit. These devices worked much like their modern hydraulic counterparts and consisted of a tapering, slotted rack with one end used for lifting; the other passed through the center of a gearbox...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Krop.

NOAA’s Monitor Collection, consisting of over 200 tons of artifacts recovered from the wreck site of the famed Civil War ironclad, is the focus of the world’s largest marine archaeological metals conservation project at The Mariners’ Museum in Newport News, Virginia.  But the Monitor Collection represents farm more than a series of advanced conservation challenges; it embodies a physical connection between America’s 19th-century history, technology, and culture, our modern efforts to conserve...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carrigan Miller.

Over the course of the CSS Georgia project, a wide array of artifacts have been recovered, all of which are in the process of being conserved at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. Each artifact poses its own unique challenges and in order to effectively conserve an artifact the appropriate technique must be selected. This presentation outlines the differing techniques for de-concreting wood, iron, and cuprous materials, as well as how to avoid common pitfalls that might be...