Republic of El Salvador (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
926-950 (2,860 Records)
Previous excavations at Group A of the Medicinal Trail Community indicated a long occupation of the area, possibly dating back to the Middle Preclassic. In an effort to identify the earliest occupational phase at the group, we excavated the Middle Courtyard plaza platform of Group A to a depth of just over two meters below surface. Results of the 2016 field season brought greater understanding of the extensive amount of energy expended in building from the original foundation of the structures...
Excavation of a Rural Middle Preclassic Maya Village: Investigations at Paso del Macho, Yucatán, México (2017)
Paso del Macho is a Middle Preclassic village settlement located in the eastern Puuc region of the Yucatán Peninsula. Excavations of mounded architecture, the main plaza, and ballcourt of the site have established a chronological range beginning in the early Middle Preclassic and ending by the Late Preclassic. The earliest architecture at the settlement includes at least three small raised platforms associated with Ek ceramics, the earliest pottery complex in Northern Yucatán. Following this,...
Excavations at Group F of the Medicinal Trail Community in Northwest Belize and its implications for Agricultural Processing (2017)
Excavations of a circular depression and adjacent mounds at Group F have revealed functional data to support the hypothesis that this area was used as a processing center for agricultural material. The evidence stems from excavation of the depression itself, as well as two chich mounds on the northwest and northeast sides. The limestone bedrock of the depression appears to have been manually shaped for use, as indicated by cobble fill found roughly a meter down in an excavation trench bisecting...
Excavations at the City of the Jaguar (2018)
The Mosquitia ecosystem of NE Honduras is a critical region for understanding past patterns of socio-political development and interaction between Mesoamerica and Central America. Caches of ground stone and other objects have long been noted for the region but have never before been systematically examined. Here we report on the recent partial excavation and consolidation of one of these deposits from the newly documented city of the Jaguar, Gracias a Dios, Honduras, constituting a deposit of...
Excavations in Cacalotepexi Cave, Chiepetlan: Paleo-Indian Enigma and Late Postclassic-Early Colonial Transition (2017)
Cacalopetepexi Cave, located near the town of Chiepetlan, is notable for its depictions of what appear to be deer being chased by humans done in white paint. Excavations in the cave uncovered evidence of use in the Late Postclassic-Early Colonial periods. An unexpected find at the back of the cave was an enigmatic deposit of calcium carbonate filled with chert debitage and animal bones, which returned radiocarbon dates around 9800 cal BC.
Exchange and Interaction in Proto-Mesoamerica: A Comparison of Late Archaic and Early Formative Interregional Networks (2018)
Across much of Mesoamerica, the transition from Archaic to Formative occurred essentially simultaneously at 1800±100 BC. The earliest sedentary, ceramic-using villages occurred in clusters, but the clusters themselves were widely dispersed. They appeared in a variety of environmental settings, and they were surrounded by lands that were either empty or still inhabited by low-visibility/low-density populations. Given such patterns, it is far from obvious what factors would explain the...
Exchange Competition in Coastal Ecuador during the Late Integration Period (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Political Economies on the Andean Coast" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Exchange relationships were fundamental for the rise of political complexity in ancient coastal Ecuador. Prior to the Spanish conquest, three regional polities compete to dominate long-distance exchange systems in the coast. But, while most of the literature focuses on the Manteños, given to the rich chronicle data, few studies have emphasized on...
Exchanging and Sharing Food In the Classic Maya polity of Motul de San José (2017)
Anthropologists often describe food as the cement that holds people together both by symbolizing shared values and by the practice of sharing food. But in Maya archaeology, "food" is also often assumed to have been acquired locally and consumed primarily at the family level, therefore having a limited role in creating and maintaining alliances except in special circumstances. In contrast, our recent interdisciplinary research at the Classic period Motul de San José polity, Guatemala, argues...
Exemplary Centers as Quintessential Places: Migrants and Architectural Quotations in Late Postclassic Petén, Guatemala (2017)
Exemplary centers are physically schematized archetypes which represent and communicate social realities and political orders. Such exemplary centers are quintessential places, as they represent identity and memory. Migrating populations frequently reconstruct exemplary centers that replicate homelands through materials and images demonstrating their identity. Such "architectural quotations" help the migrants to legitimate social and political positions in the new locations. Members of groups...
Exhibit Development Through Partnerships with American Indian Tribes and Museums (2018)
Decisions regarding the use of museum collections in exhibits that interpret the history and culture of American Indians have often been made by non-natives, without the input of the people the exhibits are about. History Colorado was recently presented with a situation that allowed the museum to do the opposite. The Ute Indian Museum is one of History Colorado’s community properties and is one, if not the only, state-owned museum dedicated to an American Indian group-the Ute people. In 2013,...
Exotics for the Gods: Lowland Maya Ritual Consumption of European Goods along a Spanish Colonial Frontier. (2017)
As a number of researchers who have focused attention on Maya – Spanish interaction along the Belize colonial frontier have noted, the relationship between these two contrasting cultures was anything but amicable. As a result of this bellicose relationship, few material goods of European origin were traded into frontier settlements. The only exception were a few objects that were brought in by overzealous friars as gifts to the "heathen" Maya they sought to convert to their Christian faith. And...
Expanding Archaeological Research in Mývatnssveit: Conservation, Politics, and Modernity (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Celebrating Anna Kerttula's Contributions to Northern Research" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological research in the Mývatn region of northern Iceland contributed the first regional-scale interdisciplinary archaeological program to Icelandic archaeology (e.g. Lucas 2009, McGovern et al. 2007). Until recently the regional project focused chiefly on the settlement period (beginning in the late 9th century)...
Expanding Our Remote Sensing Toolkit: The First Application of UAV Aerial Thermography in the Hawaiian Islands (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Geospatial Studies in the Archaeology of Oceania" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Geospatial technology has allowed for significant advances in archaeological practice in Hawaii and Oceania as the equipment, software, and datasets have become more affordable and widely available. Remotely sensed data, notably aerial LiDAR and terrestrial laser scanning, are used in research and applied archaeology for site prospection...
Expanding radiogenic strontium baseline data for central Mexican paleomobility studies (2017)
Radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr) isotope values reflect local geology and have long been used in analyses of paleomobility within Mesoamerica. Research has focused on reconstructing individuals’ residential histories by comparing strontium isotope ratios in individuals’ tooth enamel and bone with local baseline values generated from soils, plants, or local fauna. While a great deal of work has been done developing baseline values across the Maya region, work in central Mexico is predominantly...
Experiencing Trade and Exchange: Teaching Archaeological Concepts through Role-Playing Games (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Leveling Up: Gaming and Game Design in Archaeological Education and Outreach" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. When teaching about archaeological concepts on trade and exchange, typically, theoretical models dominate the classroom lecture and discussions. Traditional theoretical discussions limit explanations to biological, social, environmental, or religious reasons. Although lectures and discussions are useful, they...
An Experimental Archaeological Approach to Modeling and Testing Bone Artifacts in 3D Space (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In recent years, 3D modeling has become a more common method for evaluating archaeological materials, as it is a non-destructive method to test how artifacts will handle stress. 3D modelling has advantages over testing of physical artifacts because the exact same artifact can be reused multiple times to test different hypotheses. However, 3D models must be...
Experimental Archaeology as a Vehicle for Interdisciplinary High School Pedagogy (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Experimental Pedagogies: Teaching through Experimental Archaeology Part 1" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological content in high schools appears in the social studies curriculum as historical narrative rather than as part of the process of active information production. Surveys of students indicated that they do not see value in archaeological content beyond the classroom and that they perceive their role in a...
Experimental archaeology: replicas and reconstructions (2009)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Experiments in Replicating Eccentric Workshop Debris (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Ceremonial Lithics of Mesoamerica: New Understandings of Technology, Distribution, and Symbolism of Eccentrics and Ritual Caches in the Maya World and Beyond" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Elaborate Maya eccentrics were made from two kinds of blanks: large pieces of tabular flint and large flakes harvested from thick, roundish nodules. Preforms from these blanks were made by direct or indirect percussion, probably...
Explaining Early Complex Society Development in Central America and Northern South America: Patterns, Variation, and Scales of Analysis (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Centralizing Central America: New Evidence, Fresh Perspectives, and Working on New Paradigms" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The early complex societies of Central America and northern South America were once widely recognized for their organizational and cultural diversity. Since that time, greater emphasis has been placed on their shared cultural traits, as revealed through genetic and linguistic data and patterns...
Exploration of Diminutive Spaces: The Connected Isolation of Micronesian Islands (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Social Archaeologies and Islands" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. More than 3,000 years ago peoples ventured into Remote Oceania using a combination of sophisticated watercraft, wayfinding techniques—including a celestial compass—and sailing strategies passed down orally through rote learning across generations. Over the course of 2,000+ years, different groups settled islands in Melanesia, Polynesia, and Micronesia,...
Exploring Archaic Technological Innovations: Comparative Functional Efficacy of Copper and Stone Projectile Points (2023)
This is an abstract from the "From Hard Rock to Heavy Metal: Metal Tool Production and Use by Indigenous Hunter-Gatherers in North America" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Archaic period in North America was a time of technological innovation and experimentation with new tool materials. Conical copper projectile points appeared in North America during this time and recent radiocarbon evidence shows that they were in use by 7,500 years ago....
Exploring Biological Affiliations and Cultural Perspectives through Dental Morphology at Cerro Juan Díaz, Panamá: A Preliminary Study of the Early Burials (30–650 CE) (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Unraveling the Mysteries of the Isthmo-Colombian Area’s Past: A Symposium in Honor of Archaeologist Richard Cooke and His Contributions" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Burial space reuse and prolonged interaction with the dead were common practices in the Isthmo-Colombian Area, dating back to at least the Early Ceramic period. However, it is unknown whether the individuals interred in disturbed, multiple burial...
Exploring Ceramic Variability at Tlatilco, Mexico (2017)
Tlatilco is an Early Formative society located in the Basin of Mexico dating from c. 1250-600 BCE. The site which was discovered by Mexican archaeologist, Miguel Covarrubias in the 1930s has undergone several phases of archaeological seasons often with very little material published. Many of the cultural objects uncovered were dispersed into museum collections in North America, used primarily as illustrative material. My research involves gathering iconographic and archaeological data from major...
Exploring Collaborative Curation of North American Human Remains (2018)
In 2016, The Field Museum was awarded a National Leadership Grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). The overall mission of this project is to "research, explore, develop, and implement thoughtful, practical, and forward-thinking practices for the ethical care of human remains." The project is working to bring together stakeholders from collections-holding institutions, scientific research institutions, and Native American and First Nations communities to move beyond...