Republic of Chile (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
601-625 (1,632 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Marine plastic pollution is an issue threatening most places around the world, including the remote and unique Galapagos archipelago, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Building on how archaeology of the contemporary world can help address urgent and global environmental issues, this paper offers suggestions for an archaeology of plastic pollution in Galapagos....
Gallery of the Condor: The Earlier End of Chavín’s Underground Structures (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Chavín de Huántar’s Contribution to Understanding the Central Andean Formative: Results and Perspectives" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2019 a new gallery was detected by the Programa de Investigación Arqueológico y Conservación en Chavín de Huántar in Chavin’s Building D, which was explored in 2022 and excavated in 2023. Named for a sculptural stone vessel depicting a condor left during gallery closure, the...
Gallinazo Networks: Economic Complementarity and the Persistence of Gallinazo-Mochica Social Interrelationships (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Early archaeological works that overemphasized societal elites and funerary contexts have led to several biases that limit comprehension of society’s lower-echelon, or their roll in quotidian social spheres (political, religious or economic) during the latter part of the first millennium on Peru’s north coast. This is a topic of much interest when considering...
Gardening for Victory: War Gardens in the Ancient Andes (2018)
During times of social and political crisis humans’ most basic biological needs still need to be met: they need to eat. This means that during times of war, when state infrastructure breaks down and supply chains are threatened, people often take food security matters into their own hands. During 20th century conflicts, families ensured food security on the home front by building household gardens. Practically, the construction of war gardens resulted in decreased individual reliance on often...
Gastrointestinal parasites of the camelids of the archaeological site of Huanchaquito (Peru): first results. (2017)
The health status of domestic’s camelids is an original research topic in the past Central Andes. The discovery of more than 200 well preserved camelids in Huanchaquito in the northern coast of Peru was the opportunity to perform paleoparasitological analyses on twenty samples taken from preserved intestines and faeces recovered during the excavations. Extractions of the parasites using RHM standard protocol raised to the observation in 55% of the samples of several helminth taxa belonging to...
Gender at Chiribaya Alta: A Multiple Correspondence Analysis of Funerary Offerings (2018)
Chiribaya Alta is a Late Intermediate Period cemetery site located in the Osmore drainage of Southern Peru and is the largest, most elaborate site associated with the Chiribaya polity. Previous univariate mortuary analyses at Chiribaya Alta have identified gendered grave goods, related to roles during life. These analyses, however, assume a binary distinction between males and females by only testing graves with sexed skeletons. Here, we use a multivariate technique, multiple correspondence...
Gender Complementarities and the Construction of Late Moche Political Landscapes (2018)
Recent investigations at the Late Moche center of Huaca Colorada in the southern Jequetepeque Valleys suggests that gender complementarity constituted an overarching structuring principle that underwrote Late Moche conceptions of ecology, cosmos, political authority, and the power of sacred places. The dualistic layout of the huaca’s ceremonial nucleus resonates with general Andean philosophies that moral order was founded on the balanced if dialectical interdependence of male and female...
The Gender(ed) Revolution: Female Priests and the Mary Magdalenas of the 16th Century Taki Onqoy Movement (Ayacucho, Peru) (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Future Is Fluid...and So Was the Past: Challenging the 'Normative' in Archaeological Interpretations" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Interpretations of past identities have until recently often been considered in dichotomous binaries, in which individuals are either male or female, peasant or elite, ritual specialist or commoner. With the application of queer theory to archaeological analyses over the past decade,...
The Gendering of Children at Chiribaya Alta (2017)
At the site of Chiribaya Alta (900-1350 AD), located in the Osmore Valley of southern Peru, certain Chiribaya grave goods are associated with either adult males or females. For example, females are often buried with weaving tools, and males with musical instruments. It is not possible to estimate the biological sex of children from their skeletal remains. Therefore, children are often excluded from studies addressing gender identities. Here, we use grave goods known to be associated with sexed...
The Genetic Prehistory of the Andean Highlands 7,000 Years BP though European Contact (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Ancient DNA in Service of Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The peopling of the Andean highlands above 2500m in elevation was a complex process that included cultural, biological and genetic adaptations. Here we present a time series of ancient whole genomes from the Andes of Peru, dating back to 7,000 calendar years before present (BP), and compare them to 64 new genome-wide genetic variation datasets from...
A Geoarchaeological Approach to Site Formation and Structures of Inter-zonal Paleoindian Sites in Southern Peru (2018)
A key question in the settlement of the Americas is how early forager groups adapted to different ecological settings while maintaining social connections. Quebrada Jaguay (QJ-280) on the Pacific Coast and Cuncaicha Rockshelter in the Andean highlands of southern Peru, exhibit very different subsistence adaptations, yet these sites were linked within a common settlement system in the Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene. Here, we present the results of multidisciplinary geoarchaeological...
Geochemical Characterization and Archaeological Utilization of the Cerro Kaskio Obsidian Source in Southwestern Bolivia (2017)
Obsidian is not only an excellent raw material for the manufacture of stone tools but because of its compositional homogeneity, it can also be related to specific geographic sources. The geochemical characterization of obsidian sources can help to determine the geographic origin of different stone tools as well as aid to infer patterns of resource utilization and exchange. Although some of the most important obsidian sources in the Andes have been identified and adequately characterized, many...
A Geochemical Database for Indigeneous Ceramics from South America (2017)
The indigenous peoples of South America have been producing pottery for more than 7,500 years. Pottery was made into vessels for the cooking and storage of foods, funerary urns, toys, sculptures, and a wide range of art forms. Due to the regional differences in the composition of raw materials used to manufacture and decorate pottery, geochemical investigations of pottery have proven successful for studying trade and exchange, changes in technology, provenance, etc. Some of the methods used to...
Geographic origin of sacrificed camelids at Huanchaquito (Chimú period, northern coast of Peru): insight from stable isotopic analysis (2017)
Excavations at the Chimú site of Huanchaquito located in the Moche Valley (northern coast of Peru) leaded to the discovery of an exceptional sacrificial deposit of more than 200 domestic camelid skeletons. This finding adds to the many testimonies of the presence of camelids on the Peruvian coast during the pre-Hispanic era. The abundant presence of animals suggests - but does not bring definitive evidence - that breeding took place locally in an unfavorable arid environment. Measurements of...
Geographies of Black Cimarronaje in the Northern Andes of Ecuador (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Unsettling Infrastructure: Theorizing Infrastructure and Bio-Political Ecologies in a More-Than-Human World" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Construction of the colonial landscape and its legacies that guide the agendas of neoliberal governments have permitted a series of effects that define that north-central Andes under a historical geography created by the hacienda system and its confluence of human exploitation,...
Geology and Governance: Colonial Andean Mercury Mining and the Marroquín Collapse of 1786 (2018)
The study of an event may seem in opposition to the investigation of deep time, yet it is difficult to analyze one temporal scale without invoking the other. This paper examines this paradoxical linkage of events and the longue durée through the case study of a catastrophic event in the Spanish colonial mercury mines of Huancavelica in the Central Andean Highlands. The Marroquín collapse of 1786 claimed hundreds of indigenous lives, and symbolized the late 18th century decline of Spanish...
Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Inca *Aríbalos from the Bandelier Collection, American Museum of Natural History (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Geometric Morphometrics in Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Found from highland Ecuador to northwest Argentina, the Inca narrow-mouth jar, or *aríbalo, is the most widely distributed marker of the period of imperial expansion across the Andes (ca. 1400–1530s). Hiram Bingham made the first formal description of the *aríbalo more than a century ago, as part of the first formal classification of Inca pottery....
Geometric Morphometric Perspectives on Vessel Shape Hybridity in Inka-Chimú Ceramics (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Alfareros deste Inga: Pottery Production, Distribution and Exchange in the Tawantinsuyu" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Inka conquest of the Chimú Empire on what is today the north coast of Peru brought a region with well-established economic and political practices under the rule of a highland polity that developed under distinct social and ecological conditions. Many aspects of Inka rule in Chimú territory were...
Geophysics in the Hyperarid Atacama: Assessing Features among Fossil Channels, Paleosols, and Lithic Dispersions at Quebrada Mani, Chile (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile, dozens of Terminal Pleistocene archaeological sites have been identified in an area that previously held seasonal surface water channels and a riparian landscape. These sites shed light on the early peopling of western South America because the sites have had little disturbance or conflation...
Geospatial Methods at Huaca del Loro (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Almost 100 Years since Julio C. Tello: Research at Huaca del Loro, Nasca, Peru" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Throughout the 2019 and 2022 field seasons, geospatial data were collected at Huaca del Loro using a combination of traditional and digital mapping techniques. Sand covers every corner of the site, so in 2019 a ground-penetrating radar was utilized to identify buried structures. This led to the discovery of a...
Getting Creative with Photogrammetry: Adventures in Dos Mangas, Ecuador (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Photogrammetry, the science of converting two-dimensional images into immersive 3D models, traditionally adheres to a strict set of guidelines and specialized tools. However, this poster explores the spirited realm of photogrammetry with rule bending and limits to achieve success in Dos Mangas, Ecuador. In this resource-constrained setting, innovators...
Getting to the Point: Wari Obsidian Distribution in Southern Peru (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Exploring Culture Contact and Diversity in Southern Peru" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent geochemical studies in the Andes have shown that obsidian was moved over long distances throughout prehistory. Yet as Burger et al. (2000) suggested, the mobilization of obsidian during the Middle Horizon was unparalleled in quantity and scope. In this poster, I consider the relationship between lithic source, reduction...
Ghosts and Cyborgs of Landscape Pasts, Presents, and Futures: A Case Study from Sajama, Bolivia (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Living Landscapes: Disaster, Memory, and Change in Dynamic Environments " session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Landscapes are haunted, cyborg stories. They are haunted by pasts that could have been and emergent futures. They are cyborgs as they are assemblages of human and nonhuman entities in emplaced relationships. They are stories because we curate and present a version of a landscape where certain places, voices, and...
GIS Analysis of Domestic Structures at the Late Moche Site of Galindo (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The site of Galindo was a major center of the Southern Moche Region during the Late Moche Period (600–900 A.D.) During this period, the Moche Valley center appears to have undergone socio-political change, resulting in a new monumental style. In order to investigate possible changes in the domestic sectors, a series of spatial analyses were completed on the...
GIS Analysis of Monumental Structures at the Late Moche Site of Galindo (2018)
The site of Galindo was a major center of the Southern Moche Region during the Late Moche Period (600-900 A.D.) and represents an important temporal transition between Moche-style polities and the Chimú Empire in the Moche Valley. During Galindo’s occupation, monumental construction shifted from adobe mound complexes to walled administrative centers known as cercaduras, suggesting a possibly larger socio-political change in how political power was being negotiated by elites. Working off of the...