South America: Andes (Geographic Keyword)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mario Rivera.

This is an abstract from the "The Legacies of Archaeologists in the Andes: Second Symposium, the Institutionalization and Internationalization of Andean Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Junius Bird’s legacy to Andean Archaeology is reflected in several fields. Bird’s fieldwork, commonly known as "dirty archaeology" was decisive in establishing the first stratigraphic sequences in the three areas where he did work: Patagonia, Northern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Vining. Daniel Contreras. Augusto Bazan. Kurt Wilson. Cesca Craig.

This is an abstract from the "Water Management in the Andes: Past, Present, and Future" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Abrupt climatic changes caused by El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) bring profound ecological transformations to the Andean pacific coast. Archaeological research has largely focused on the impacts (which have been shown to be largely negative) of ENSO-positive phases, or “El Niños,” on complex socioecological systems in coastal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luis Flores-Blanco.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The extent to which emergent complexity involved hierarchical organization in small-scale societies remains an unresolved anthropological question. The research presented here examines inequality among individuals buried some 5,000 years ago at the Kaillachuro burial mound site in the southwestern Lake Titicaca basin, Peru. This is the earliest known mound...

DOCUMENT Citation Only M. Elizabeth Grávalos.

This is an abstract from the "Political Geologies in the Ancient and Recent Pasts: Ontology, Knowledge, and Affect" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recent scholarship argues that the knowledge and use of earthly materials is a power-laden field that is relationally distributed across everyday activities. This paper draws on these theoretical discussions in “political geology” to grapple with three interpretations for prehispanic Recuay kaolin...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Athens.

This is an abstract from the "The Barbacoan World: Recognizing and Preserving the Unique Indigenous Cultural Developments of the Northern Andes" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The inter-Andean landscape of northern highlands Ecuador, including the western upper montaña region, is dotted with clusters of large earthen mounds, many of monumental proportions that reach over 100 m on a side, 15 m in elevation, and have long ramps extending 150 m or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Verano.

This is an abstract from the "Ritual Violence and Human Sacrifice in the Ancient Andes: New Directions in the Field" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological and Bioarchaeological data and a rich iconographic tradition provide complementary perspectives on the taking and killing of captives by the Moche (c. AD 200-900). While these practices clearly had important ritual aspects, there continues to be debate over the source of captives and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Jennings.

This is an abstract from the "Ancient Mesoamerican and Andean Cities: Old Debates, New Perspectives" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Home to as many as 70,000 residents at its height, Huari was the largest city in the precolumbian Andes. The city’s organization, however, has long perplexed scholars. There is abundance evidence for wealth and significant social stratification, alongside displays of violence and power. Yet, researchers have yet to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diana Carhuanina.

This is an abstract from the "Alfareros deste Inga: Pottery Production, Distribution and Exchange in the Tawantinsuyu" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. La cerámica Inka en Vilcashuamán: Hacia el análisis de sus estilos En el marco del Proyecto del Tramo Vilcashuamán-La Centinela (Qhapac Ñan-Sede Nacional) desde el año 2017 se vienen realizando investigaciones arqueológicas en la Zona Monumental Vilcashuamán (Ayacucho, Perú), interviniéndose con...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jorge Gomez Rendon.

This is an abstract from the "The Barbacoan World: Recognizing and Preserving the Unique Indigenous Cultural Developments of the Northern Andes" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. La única evidencia lingüística disponible de los idiomas que se hablaron en la Sierra norte del Ecuador en los albores de la conquista inca se encuentra en la toponimia no-kichwa ampliamente dispersa en la región. Durante la primera mitad del siglo XX investigadores como...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Eduardo Eche Vega. Jose L. Peña.

La obtención de alimentos es quizás la función de elemental prioridad que el poblador andino de la costa peruana haya tenido que afrontar desde sus inicios como sociedad pre- industrial. La subsistencia como mecanismo para el autoabastecimiento de alimentos ha llevado a las sociedades complejas a innovar ideas, tecnologías, redes de intercambio para asegurar una sobrevivencia compleja. No obstante, los diferentes aspectos tanto ambientales como sociales, políticos y económicos permitieron a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia Chirinos Ogata.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Between 1899 and 1923, more than 15,000 Japanese men travelled across the Pacific to work in agricultural estates (or "haciendas") along the Peruvian coast. Lack of land and opportunities in large regions of rural Japan pushed people to look for other options abroad, while Peruvian companies required a sizable workforce to sustain the coastal "agricultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christophe Delaere. José Capriles.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. As the Inca Empire expanded across the South American Andes during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries CE, Lake Titicaca became its mythical place of origin and a major pilgrimage complex was built on the Island of the Sun. Nevertheless, before the Inca conquest Lake Titicaca was an inland sea that offered enormous socio-economic opportunities for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Go Matsumoto. Gabriela De Los Rios.

This is an abstract from the "Ancient Landscapes and Cosmic Cities out of Eurasia: Transdisciplinary Studies with New Lidar Mapping" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Lambayeque refers to the late prehispanic archaeological culture that emerged after the political demise of the preceding Moche Culture and reached its height of prosperity during the late tenth century, centering on a large city called Sicán on the Peruvian north coast. The Lambayeque...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brendon Murray.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This poster discusses preliminary dissertation fieldwork at Cerro Oreja and Galindo in the Moche Valley and Castillo de Tomaval in the Virú Valley. These sites were chosen for their location at the neck of each valley and their heavy occupations during the Early Intermediate Period (c. 1 CE – c. 800 CE). This location serves as an inflection point between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Arkush.

This paper starts from the hypothesis that "community" in the Andean highlands in the Late Intermediate Period (LIP) had a great deal to do, not only with kinship and territory, but also with collective defense, including the defense of important common resources. If so, how would the socioeconomic activities of farming and herding have affected the practical organization of defense, and the formation of communities based in part on common defense? I draw on the archaeological record of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Corey Hoover.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Nepeña Valley, located in northern Peru, is home to several important archaeological sites spanning the complete prehistoric chronology in the Peruvian Andes. During the COVID pandemic after 2019, much of the oversight and efforts at cultural preservation and archaeological preservation were halted due to a national shutdown. During this shutdown, land...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Becker.

Modern, archaeological, and bioarchaeological accounts of South American Andean workers show labor divisions by age, then gender, with a focus on duality between the sexes. Within the Tiwanaku state (AD 500-1100) of Bolivia and Peru, labor was also divided across the landscape within its heartland and colonies, and especially within its multiethnic neighborhoods in the heartland city of Tiwanaku (Becker 2017). Pondering these labor communities further with a focus on data from these peoples’...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria C. Bruno. Christine A. Hastorf. Jewell Soriano.

Generations of ethnographers have documented the many levels of ritual that contribute to Andean food production, from subtle coca offerings to community-scale canal cleaning festivals. Here, we discuss a ritual conducted on a yearly basis in the community of Chiripa on the Taraco Peninsula, Bolivia to ward off crop damage by hail. This ritual involves a group of community leaders specifically charged with protecting the agricultural lands and yields. They walk two specific routes and burn...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cristian Gonzalez Rodriguez. Bill Sillar. Thibault Saintenoy.

This is an abstract from the "Beyond the Ancestors: New Approaches to Andean "Open Sepulchers"" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Carangas region, named after a late prehispanic and early colonial chiefdom in Qollasuyu (south-central Andes), preserves over 600 chullpa mausoleums associated with walled hilltops, administrative centers (tambos), and regional movement routes. Carangas’s chullpas exhibit a great diversity of architecture, as well as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arlen Mildred Talaverano Sanchez. Daniela Maria Raillard Arias.

This is an abstract from the "The Archaeology of Tropical Montane Cloud Forests" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In limestone cliffs and on lush slopes of northeastern Peru’s montane cloud forest, Indigenous Andean communities known as the Chachapoya built mortuary architecture for their dead for centuries before Spanish colonization. For Indigenous Andeans, ancestors are powerful social agents that can intercede in the lives of descendant...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sylvie Littledale. Zach Chase.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Personified landscapes—comprising or populated by animate beings (tirakuna, earth beings, huacas, apus)—feature centrally in discussions of the archaeological, historical, and ethnographic records of Andean societies. Because of its unique seventeenth-century Quechua manuscript, this tendency has been particularly influential in Huarochirí, Peru. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sylvia Cheever. Michelle Young.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Late Intermediate Period (1000-1400 CE) in the Central Andean highlands is characterized by balkanization and warfare, a pattern that is materialized through the construction of hilltop forts (pukaras) and skeletal trauma observed from Ancash to the Titicaca Basin. After a decades-long hiatus in academic research in Huancavelica, Peru, which was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniela Balanzategui.

This is an abstract from the "Afro-Latin American Landscapes" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This presentation debates the permeability of eighteenth-century landscapes of colonialism and slavery in the Andean region, based on the ethnohistorical and ethnographic research of *cimarronaje and *palenques (maroonage) heritage in the Afro-Ecuadorian Ancestral Territory (between the Chota-Mira Valley and the province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador). A legacy...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Noa Corcoran Tadd.

The great silver mining centers of Potosí, Porco, and Oruro in the Bolivian highlands have long formed an important focus for understanding the Spanish colonial world, both for the colonial imagination and for the contemporary historian. In comparison with the contexts of production and exchange based around these mining centers, however, their wider contexts of mobility and logistics within the altiplano and the valleys leading west to the Pacific coast have been comparatively...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Izumi Shimada. Amy Szumilewicz.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Our conventional conception of the prehispanic Andean religious or ceremonial center emphasizes a limited range of sacred, ritual activities, intermittent public gatherings, a relatively small resident population, and perhaps small-scale production of craft items for offerings. At the Middle Sicán (900-1100 CE) religious center of Sicán, however, the large...