Illinois (State / Territory) (Geographic Keyword)
6,176-6,200 (6,552 Records)
This is an abstract from the "Unsettling Infrastructure: Theorizing Infrastructure and Bio-Political Ecologies in a More-Than-Human World" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The eastern Great Plains of North Dakota and west-central Minnesota are home to the remnants of one of the world’s largest ancient glacial lakes, Lake Agassiz, as well as the United States’ longest river, the Missouri. These two powerful water entities shaped and disrupted the...
Unsung Heroes of Cahokian Cuisine: The Materials and Methods for Nixtamalization in the American Bottom (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. People who rely on corn for significant portions of their diets must process it to improve its nutritional quality, or risk severe malnutrition. A common method historically employed throughout Mesoamerica and North America consisted of soaking corn kernels in an alkaline solution created from wood ash or burned limestone, a technique referred to as...
Unusual Can Types from the Cortez Mining District, Nevada (2018)
A large mitigation project in central Nevada resulted in the collection of over 3,500 can specimens. Besides the typical, mass-produced, nineteenth and early twentieth-century can varieties that are well-documented, several unusual can types were also identified. These include cans with more than one vent hole, atypical seams, and large filler caps. Archival and archaeological evidence indicates the Cortez Mining District once had a large diverse population, with canned products imported from...
"Unwanted Guests": Evidence of Parasitic Infections in Archaeological Mortuary Contexts (2017)
Parasites have had a significant impact on the course of human history. Activities of a variety of parasites throughout the world can lead to lethargy, dementia, malabsorption of nutrients, bowel obstruction, internal bleeding, blindness, physical disability and deformation, and many other symptoms of disease. Furthermore, parasites have caused the deaths of countless individuals, have resulted in the abandonment of settlements, and have even affected the outcome of wars. The effect that...
Up and Down the Mountain: Exploring differential access within Monticello’s enslaved community (2018)
Recent research at Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello demonstrated marked differences between the late 18th century household assemblages of enslaved laborers living in the fields and enslaved domestic and artisan workers living by the mansion. Ceramics from Mulberry Row’s mountaintop quarters exhibited more variety in ware and decoration, while those at the Site 8 field quarter included high proportions of costly decorated Chinese porcelain. Expanding the original analysis, we incorporate additional...
Up Close and Personal: Objects as Expressions of Identity at the Abiel Smith School (2018)
Archeological artifacts discovered at the Abiel Smith School (ca. 1834-1855) include personal objects like jewelry, buttons, combs, and toys. Such items used for adornment, grooming, or leisure can provide insight into how the students perceived themselves in terms of individual, communal, and ethnic identity. This paper will examine these objects as a means to answering the following questions: Can specific personal objects help us understand the students’ cultural backgrounds? To what...
Up in Smoke: Dating Pipe Stem Fragments from Fort St. Joseph (2024)
This is an abstract from the "Recent Colonial Archaeological Research in the American Midcontinent" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Clay smoking pipes fragments proliferate archaeological sites in colonial North America. Clay pipes were in regular use, did not last for very long, and were often replaced. Pipe bowls and stems found at sites across New France not only provide evidence of daily life on the frontier, they also introduce and strengthen...
"Up Pops The Monitor": The Battle Of Hampton Roads In Popular Culture (2017)
On March 9, 1862 in the placid waters of Hampton Roads in Virginia, the Union steam-battery Monitor met the Confederate ram Virginia (née Merrimack) in battle. Though this first clash of ironclads was technically a draw, it helped to usher in a new era in naval warfare. It also ushered in over 150 years of popular music, poetry, artwork, alcohol, clothing, sports teams, farm equipment, and home appliances inspired by the meeting of these two vessels. Interest in the Monitor in the 20th and 21st...
Updates and Progress of the Ongoing Public Oriented Cultural Resource Monitoring Program (2017)
Scattered near the coastline of Assateague Island, along the Maryland/Virginia border, hundreds of ships met their demise through harsh weather conditions and treacherous shoals. Similar environmental factors have allowed archaeologists to document and collect data on these sites through the establishment of a Historic Wreck Tagging Program. The author, working for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, developed and implemented a system to track the degradation and movement of shipwreck timbers as...
Updates on the Maritime Archaeology of the 1559 Emanuel Point Shipwrecks: Ongoing Investigations of Vessels from Luna’s 1559 Fleet (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Plus Ultra: An examination of current research in Spanish Colonial/Iberian Underwater and Terrestrial Archaeology in the Western Hemisphere." , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Three wreck sites from the 1559 fleet of Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano have been identified to date. Research on these vessels, as well as excavations on the settlement site overlooking the wrecks, provides a unique opportunity to...
Updating the Outdated for Understanding: Creating 3D models for the Smithsonian Chebacco boats. (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Citizen Science in Maritime Archaeology: The Power of Public Engagement for Heritage Monitoring and Protection" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Chebacco boats have almost no physical representations left. The Smithsonian houses a few of the rare models that were created by people who built and sailed them at the time of their heyday. The only depictions of these models are outdated black-and-white...
Upland Box Tombs: Southern Variants on a Popular Nineteenth Century Grave Cover (2016)
Box tombs (aka False Crypts) are a common grave cover in late eighteenth and nineteenth century cemeteries. In areas above the fall line in Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama, local granites and similar igneo-metamorphic stone were used to form rectangular surface chambers approximating the shape and dimensions of their more formally milled counterparts. While frequently observed, very little is known about the form. Variants include the slot-and-tab and tombs made from milled stone panels...
Upper Chinook Fire-Making (2011)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Upper Mississippian Stone Tools and Community Organization (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research investigates community organization as an approach to understanding the shift from typologically complex to a simpler lithic technology after circa A.D. 500 in the Prairie Peninsula. I compare the lithic practice of Upper Mississippian groups settled in western Wisconsin (A.D. 1400-1700) at the La Crosse locality to that of groups in eastern...
Urban Archaeology Along St. Augustine’s Shorelines: Past and Future Challenges (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Urban Archaeology: Down by the Water" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. For more than 450 years, St. Augustine’s shoreline spaces—where the water meets the land—provided past city residents with abundant opportunities, as well as presented several challenges. Using archaeological evidence gathered over the past 30 years by the City of St. Augustine Archaeology Program, this paper discusses the changing uses...
Urban Archaeology in the City of the Saints and the Growth of a Real Frontier City (2015)
While archaeologist in the western United States survey wide open expanses for federal and state agencies, archaeology in the urban centers themselves are often ignored. The majority of city centers consist mostly of businesses and business is money. Archaeology in these districts cost time and money, so archaeology is almost never undertaken unless it is done for an agency that must follow established laws and regulations that include archaeology. The new United States Courthouse for the...
Urban Archaeology, Preservation, and Collaboration on the Minneapolis Riverfront (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the field of Cultural Resource Management, archaeology is often carried out in a reactive manner – in response to regulatory requirements or unanticipated discoveries. In contrast, this paper highlights the crucial role that archaeology played throughout the design and development of the Water Works city park in downtown Minneapolis. Minneapolis’s riverfront was historically the...
The Urban Archeology Corps: A partnership between Groundwork Anacostia and the National Park Service (2013)
The National Park Service has partnered with Groundwork Anacostia, a community-based environmental non-profit organization, on a heritage education work experience to introduce local youth to archeology. This paper draws on the outcomes of the work experience as a case study in federal/local partnerships in archeology outside a traditional field school model.
Urban Casualties: Work-Related Injuries and Healing among Irish Immigrants in Nineteenth-Century New York City (2013)
Archaeologists have long recognized that urban environments are frequently hazardous to the health of residents. From the very first cities through the present, many urban populations have experienced higher rates of epidemic disease, endemic disease, and certain kinds of injuries than rural populations. Health is thus both a primary concern for public officials in cities and a daily struggle for ordinary urban-dwellers. This paper discusses the health-related challenges faced by rural Irish...
Urban Displacement in Detroit and the Erasure of African American Communities (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Urban Erasures and Contested Memorial Assemblages" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Urban historical archaeology has been practiced in Detroit by professionals for over 60 years now. So why is it that less than a handful of sites or landscapes associated with the city’s African American communities, (who make up over 80% of the population), have ever been examined archaeologically? The answers are partly rooted in a...
Urban Life Through the Lens of Glass: A Brief Analysis of Glass Tableware and Flaked Objects from the 19th Century San Jose Market Street Chinatown, California (2015)
The Market Street Chinatown archaeological collection offers a diverse assemblage of artifacts that shed light on the urban social lives of Overseas Chinese communities in San Jose, California during the late 19th century (1866-1887). Glass objects constitute a considerable percentage of the total archaeological collection and includes a massive assortment of medicinal and cuisine containers, architectural features, and domestic objects. The bricolage collection of glass permits discriminate...
Urban Livestock in New Orleans: The Zooarchaeology of the French Quarter and Treme (2018)
Urban farmsteads with livestock were an important component of life in eighteenth and nineteenth century New Orleans. In this presentation historical research and zooarchaeological analysis of faunal remains from sites in the French Quarter and the Treme are used to examine how meat and meat products were processed and discarded in the urban setting. The archaeological contexts include the public space of St. Anthony’s Garden located behind the St. Louis Cathedral, the Ursuline Convent, and...
US 301 Project Archaeology and Historic Context Development in Delaware (2016)
A 2007 study conducted for the National Cooperative Highway Research Program examined cultural resource professionals’ views on the usefulness of historic contexts, and found that, "…SHPO and state DOT staff rarely use historic contexts to evaluate the National Register eligibility of properties." However, Delaware has a long and well-established practice of encouraging the development – and use – of historic contexts. The US 301 project archaeological investigations presented an opportunity to...
US Air Force, Air Mobility Command Manual for the Collections Management Database (2001)
On 12 October 1990, 36 CFR Part 79, Curation of Federally-Owned and Administered Archaeological Collections, was enacted by Congress to establish minimum standards for the curation of federal collections. In the intervening seven years, the US Army Corps of Engineers Mandatory Center of Expertise for the Curation of Archaeological Collections (MCX-CMAC) has performed many assessments of the curation condition of federal archaeological collections. One of the major problems identified during the...
US Army Corps of Engineers Archaeological Collections Condition Assessment (2000)
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for the management of thousands of cultural resources on Corps property and for the curation of millions of archaeological and historical resources removed from these lands. As mandated by federal regulation, agencies are required to ensure that all recovered archaeological materials and the associated records are adequately curated and are accessible for use by the Native Americans, public, and researchers. Unfortunately, funding...