Pollen (Material Keyword)
Use for any microscopic plant remains
1,426-1,450 (2,995 Records)
This Paleoindian and Early Archaic site, occupied during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene, contained a medicine wheel. Control pollen samples were collected and examined from four areas supporting different vegetation to establish pollen signatures for these areas that would assist in interpreting the prehistoric record. Four samples were collected beneath rocks of the medicine wheel in an effort to find pollen associated with the Paleoindian occupation and characterize the local...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE ECHO SPRING HOUSEPIT SITE (48CR6979), WYOMING (2006)
The Echo Spring Housepit site (48CR6979) represents an Opal phase Archaic occupation southeast of Wamsutter, Wyoming in the Washakie Basin, which lies in the southern portion of the Great Divide Basin. Two housepits and external features are located in a sand dune on the west facing slope of a 'low ridge between two draws. The two housepits are located immediately next to one another and each exhibits evidence of multiple occupations. Radiocarbon ages range from 4480 to 5670 BP and...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE HANGING HEARTH SITE, 5RB 454, COLORADO (1999)
Fourteen pollen samples were examined from a stratigraphic column, two features, a prehistoric surface, and a mano at the Hanging Hearth site (5RB 454) in northwestern Colorado. Hanging Hearth, a stratified site located in Rio Blanco County, exhibits evidence of at least five occupations. The stratigraphic pollen record was examined to address changes in local and regional vegetation through time. Pollen analysis of features and other samples with cultural associations was undertaken to...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE HARRIS SITE (5MN2341), IN WESTERN COLORADO (1988)
The Harris Site is located in a small rockshelter on the east side of the Uncompahgre Plateau. A single radiocarbon date places occupation of the shelter and formation of a cultural midden before and after 3500 BP. Eight pollen samples were collected stratigraphically from midden deposits outside the shelter. An additional pollen sample was collected from the present ground surface outside the shelter to act as a control sample for interpreting the paleoenvironment. Pollen samples were...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE HATCH SITE (5WL38) AND THE BERNHARDT SITE (5WL1860), NORTHEASTERN COLORADO (1992)
The Hatch site (5WL38) is located in the Pawnee National Grasslands of Weld County. Deposits identified as Late Plains Woodland were noted. A single hearth yielded a radiocarbon date of 880 + 50 BP (1070 + 50 AD). In addition, occupation zones were also noted and identified as Late Plains Woodland. Pollen samples were examined from the hearth fill, as well as each of two occupation zones. The Bernhardt site (5WL1860) is located approximately 100 meters southeast of the Dent site (5WL269)....
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE HOUGHTON ROAD SITE, (AZ BB:13:398), ARIZONA (1990)
The Houghton Road Site is located within the city limits of Tucson, Arizona immediately west of Houghton Road between Tanque Verde Road and Speedway Boulevard. It is situated on the flood plain at the convergence of the Tanque Verde and Agua Caliente washes. This Hohokam site has been archaeomagnetically dated to AD 400 to 600. Although it is a typical Hohokam site, some Mogollonlike architectural components are noted. This site includes large deep square houses, cremations and...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE IGNACIO SITE, 5LP264, COLORADO (1981)
Fourteen pollen samples were selected for analysis from 5LP264, the Ignacio Site, located approximately three miles north of Ignacio in La Plata. County, Colorado. This site is an historic Navajo site containing evidence of a sweat lodge, hearth, and several piles of rocks. The present vegetation in the vicinity of the site is dominated by Pinus and Juniperus (a pinon/juniper zone). The understory is composed of Artemisia (sagebrush), Quercus (scrub oak), and Amelanchier (serviceberry). A...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE INDIAN MOUNTAIN SITE (5BL876), BOULDER COUNTY, COLORADO (1984)
Pollen analysis was undertaken in conjunction with the archaeological mitigation of six tipi rings in Boulder County, Colorado. The Indian Mountain site (5BL876) is located on the Dakota hogback approximately 6 miles east of Lyons and 1 mile north of st. Vrain Creek. The site is situated in a clearing where the vegetation consists primarily of grasses, yucca, and prickly pear cactus. The surrounding vegetation also includes ponderosa pine and oak brush to the northwest of the site. This...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE JERRY CRAIG (5GA639) AND LOWER TWIN MOUNTAIN (5GA186) SITES, MIDDLE PARK, COLORADO (1997)
Pollen analysis examined ten stratigraphic samples from the Jerry Craig (5GA639) and five stratigraphic samples from the Lower Twin Mountain (5GA186) site. Middle Park has yielded buried evidence of Paleoindian occupation at several sites in the general vicinity of Wolford Mountain. Results of the examination of these stratigraphic samples is compared with other stratigraphic pollen analyses for Middle Park. In addition, these results are integrated with previous protein residue analysis of...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE KIB-RIDGE YAMPA SITE, NORTHWESTERN COLORADO (2001)
Stratigraphic pollen analysis was undertaken at the Kib Ridge-Yampa site to provide a description of local vegetation at the time of Paleo Indian occupation. Dates ranging from 11,290 ± 80 to 10,260 ± 90 BP have been returned for Contexts 15 through 4, representing human occupation. The vegetation record would be used to infer differences between the climate at that time and the present. The stratigraphic record was anticipated to represent the interval from the Paleo Indian occupation...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE LEFEVRE SITE (AR-03-07-03-1034) , ARIZONA STRIP, ARIZONA (1995)
The Lefevre Site (AR-03-07-03-1034) is a subsurface feature located in the Arizona Strip area that either functioned as a small pithouse or a storage structure. The structure appears to have been used by the Anasazi before or around AD 1100. Three pollen samples were examined from the floor of this structure in an effort to identify subsistence elements.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE LOVELY SITE (CAID-CM2) IN PINAL COUNTY, ARIZONA (1986)
Site CAID-CM2 (Lovely Site) was occupied during the Late Sedentary (Sacaton Phase)/Early Classic (Soho) Phase. This site was thought to have been a seasonally occupied agave production/processing locus. The site is located on an alluvial fan in the bajadas of the Picacho Mountains in Pinal County, Arizona. The pollen samples were collected from several roasting pits and trash mounds recovered at the site in an effort to understand the vegetal portion of the subsistence base.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE MINI-MOON SITE (24DW85) (1986)
Pollen analysis was conducted at 24 DW85, the Mini-Moon Site, in eastern Montana. Ten pollen samples were collected from the present ground surface and five separate excavation areas at this site. Deflated hearths, midden areas, and activity areas were all sampled for their pollen content. Radiocarbon ages obtained from this site varied from 2160 BP to 1520 BP. The Besant occupation of this site left considerable quantities of bone and lithic debris. This pollen study was undertaken to...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE OASIS OF MARA, TWENTYNINE PALMS, CALIFORNIA (2004)
The Oasis of Mara is a permanent spring located in the Mojave desert in Twentynine Palms, California. This spring has served as important source of water and center for human occupation in the high desert region from prehistoric to post World War II. A geologic trench at the site revealed a layer dated to 9000 years BP that represented either an eolian lense or a liquifaction feature within a stratum containing marsh sediments. Three pollen samples were analyzed from above, below and within...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE OASIS OF MARA, TWENTYNINE PALMS, CALIFORNIA (2006)
The Oasis of Mara is a permanent spring located in the Mojave desert in Twentynine Palms, California. This spring has served as important source of water and center for human occupation in the high desert region from prehistoric to post World War II. A geologic trench at the site revealed a layer dated to 9000 years BP that represented either an eolian lense or a liquifaction feature within a stratum containing marsh sediments. Seven pollen samples were analyzed from above, below and within...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE PINENUT SITE (1986)
Twenty samples were submitted for analysis from the Pinenut Site, a Virgin Anasazi site located in the Arizona Strip. The site was occupied in the late Pueblo I to Pueblo II time span (ca. AD 850-1100). While evidence of both horticulture and wild resource procurement has been noted for the Virgin Anasazi, the degree of reliance on agricultural resources has not been studied. The major research focus of the archaeological study, of which this study is a part, is the identification of the...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE ROCK CREEK SITE (5BL2712), COLORADO (1996)
The Rock Creek site (5BL2712) is a multicomponent site located directly adjacent to Rock Creek and approximately one mile north of Broomfield, Colorado. Four soil samples and two manos were submitted for pollen and starch analysis. The samples were excavated from sediments representing both the Middle Archaic and Ceramic Periods. Pollen and starch evidence may offer some insight into plants processed and utilized at the site.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE ROSE SPRING SITE, CA-INY-372, CALIFORNIA (2000)
Fifteen pollen sample were examined from two stratigraphic columns collected at Rose Spring in eastern California. This stratigraphic record should represent a single sequence from approximately 3,580 to the modern surface. Pollen analysis was conducted to identify changes in local vegetation through time during this interval.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE SECOND LOOK SITE (48SU 1565), A PALEOINDIAN SITE (1999)
The Second Look Site (48SU 1565) is an Early Paleoindian open occupation site situated on the prairie in southwestern Wyoming. The site appears to have functioned as a butchering locale. Pollen samples were collected from two depths within an excavation unit in an attempt to define local vegetation at the time of occupation.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE TERRACE RING SITE (48CA3759), NORTHEASTERN, WYOMING (2003)
Stratigraphic samples were examined from Block 1, Unit 23 N 02E. A calibrated radiocarbon age of AD 1405 is reported at a depth of 60 centimeters, making this stratigraphic record relatively recent. Pollen analysis was undertaken to identify vegetation and changes in vegetation through time near the Terrace Ring Site.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE TOLAND SITE (AZ BB:13:321) NEAR TUCSON, ARIZONA (1989)
The Toland Site. located on the eastern outskirts of Tucson, Arizona, is an open sherd and lithic scatter. Ceramics indicate an occupation during the "Middle Rincon Sub phase (AD 1000-1100) of the Hohokam chronology (Elson 1986)" (Earl Sires, written communication, February 7, 1989). The floors of two pithouses were sampled for pollen beneath trivets, a bowl, and a mano, and two manos were washed for their pollen content. Pollen analysis at this site was geared toward the recovery of...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THE UNCAS SITE (1984)
Five pollen samples were collected in association with House 3 at the Uncas Site (34Ka-172). The Uncas Site is located on the shores of Kaw Lake to the northeast of Ponca City in Kay County, Oklahoma. This house yielded radiocarbon ages suggesting that occupation occured between 510 + 50 BP and 410 ± 50 BP. Several samples were collected as controls to aid in establishing background pollen frequencies against which to compare the pollen from the house floor and feature. Pollen analysis was...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THREE SITES IN THE SANTA FE NATIONAL FOREST, NEW MEXICO (1985)
Pollen analysis was conducted on samples from three sites in connection with archaeological mitigation in the Santa Fe National Forest. Two of the sites represent masonry field houses in Cebollita Canyon occupied during the Pueblo IV period. Samples from these sites were analyzed for pollen to gather data concerning activities conducted at these sites, including functional determinations of specific structures (Table 1). A stratigraphic pollen column was collected from an Archaic lithic...
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THREE SITES IN THE VERDE VALLEY, ARIZONA (1989)
Pollen samples were analyzed from three sites (AZ N:4:23, PD-11, and PD-12) near Tuzigoot National Monument in the Verde Valley. Occupations include Hohokam, Sinagua, and historic Yavapai. Pollen samples collected at these sites represent living surfaces, a roasting pit, and two rock piles. Pollen analysis identified cultigens grown and addresses the subsistence base.
POLLEN ANALYSIS AT THREE SITES NEAR SHUMWAY, ARIZONA (1989)
Three archaeological sites located between Taylor and Shumway, Arizona along State Highway 77 were sampled for pollen analysis. Sites AZ P:12:33(ASM) and AZ P:12:35(ASM) have been tentatively identified as Archaic through the presence of early projectile points, absence of ceramics, and a single radiocarbon age of 690 ± 150 BC from AZ P:12:35(ASM) (Weaver, personal communication, August 11, 1989). Very little work has been done on Archaic age sites in this area, which represent occupation...