Ground Stone (Material Keyword)
Lithic artifact formed or finished by polishing the body or edges with an abrasive
7,551-7,575 (10,216 Records)
Feature fill sediment samples and groundstone tools from site LA 159879, Luna County, New Mexico, were submitted for various combinations of pollen, phytolith, and starch grain analysis. Archaeological field investigations at LA 159879 suggest that the site represents the remains of a Late Archaic period base camp. The camp is located on the Deming Flood Plain inside the greater Mimbres Bolson. This analysis was undertaken to recover and identify microbotanical remains of plants associated with...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, AND STARCH GRANULE ANALYSIS OF A PIECE OF GROUND STONE, 35JE355, OREGON (1997)
A single piece of ground stone was recovered at a depth of 110-120 cm at site 35JE355 in the Deshutes National Forest. This unusually shaped piece of ground stone had a flat top that exhibited several grooves and a pointed end. The site encompasses a fairly large lithic scatter that probably represents a seasonal camp located along the shore of Suttle Lake. Radiocarbon dates place occupation of this site between approximately 2080 + 60 BP and 3100 + 70 BP to 3280 + 90 BP. These dates were...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL AND/OR PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS AT SITES CA-VEN-477 AND CA-VEN-920, CALIFORNIA (1997)
Two sites in Ventura County, California were sampled for pollen, phytoliths, protein residue, and macrofloral remains. Site CA-VEN-477 appears to have been occupied during the Middle to Late Period (after 1000 B.C.), and was situated on a low knoll overlooking a drainage at the mouth of a canyon. Two pollen, two phytolith, two protein residue, and four macrofloral samples were examined from this site. Pollen, phytolith, and protein residue samples were examined from the wash of a mano and an...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, AND CHARCOAL ANALYSES IN THE JEWETT MINE PROJECT AREA, TEXAS (1990)
Fossil pollen, phytoliths, macrofloral remains, and charcoal from archeological and geological sites at the Jewett Mine, Texas are analyzed in this appendix. Pollen analysis provides an overview of regional vegetation and hence paleoenvironments for this area. Pollen columns were collected at an alluvial geological site in the Buffalo Creek floodplain and at an archeological site, 41LN106, in the Lambs Creek drainage for this reconstruction. Companion phytolith samples were collected from the...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSES AT FOUR SITES ON NAVAJO ROUTE N2007, APACHE COUNTY, NORTHEAST ARIZONA (1993)
Soil samples from four sites along Navajo Route N2007 in Apache County, northeastern Arizona, were sampled for pollen, phytolith, and macrofloral remains. Groundstone and lithic artifacts were washed to recover pollen, phytoliths, and possible protein residues. Sites AZ-P-61-123 (Ciudad de Viento) and AZ-P-61-125 (Folsom House) were complex cultural habitations with numerous features. Ceramics from Site AZ-P-61-123 suggest an early Pueblo II to Pueblo III occupation, and Site AZ-P-61-125...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS AT THE BUCKEYE KNOLL SITE, 41VT98, EASTERN TEXAS (2004)
Two separate areas were excavated at the Buckeye Knoll Site, 41VT98, in southeast Texas. Each of these areas had a stratified sequence. The Knoll Top excavation block contained an Early Archaic cemetery, a few hearth features, and midden deposits. Strata in this excavation block represent the late Paleo-Indian to the Late Prehistoric. A milling stone fragment found in the Knoll Top excavation block was washed for both pollen/starches and protein residues, while general fill, hearth fill,...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, PROTEIN RESIDUE, FTIR ANALYSIS, AND AMS DATING FOR 24GA416 (REAS PASS SITE) AND POLLEN, PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS, AND AMS RADIOCARBON DATING FOR 24GA493 (HORSE BUTTE PENINSULA SITE), MONTANA (2008)
Sites 24GA416 (Reas Pass Site) and 24GA493 (Horse Butte Peninsula) and are located in Gallatin County, southwestern Montana. Excavations of these sites is part of an on-going effort to re-license the Hebgen Reservoir development along the Madison River near West Yellowstone. Pollen analysis was conducted on samples collected stratigraphically from both sites to provide paleoenvironmental information. Naturally occurring charcoal from columns at both sites also were AMS radiocarbon dated. In...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, PROTEIN, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSES ON SAMPLES FROM THE MISSION SAN GABRIEL GARDEN COMPLEX, SITE CA-LAN-184H, CALIFORNIA (2012)
Samples were examined from excavations in the Bishop’s Garden area at the San Gabriel Mission Archaeological Site, CA-LAN-184H, in southern California as part of the Alameda Corridor East Construction Authority’s (ACE) San Gabriel Trench Grade Separation project. This area contains a large, dense, partially intact Mission period (1769-1834) artifact deposit and two substantial archaeological features associated with occupation of the San Gabriel Mission. A total of 83 column samples from a Water...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, MACROFLORAL, PROTEIN, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS, AND AMS RADIOCARBON DATING OF SAMPLES FROM SITES 24LN202 AND 24LN2210, LINCOLN COUNTY, MONTANA (2009)
Samples from sites 24LN202 and 24LN2210, Lincoln County, Montana, were submitted for pollen, phytolith, macrofloral, protein, and organic residue analysis, and AMS radiocarbon dating. Samples were tested for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The goal of these analyses is to better understand the function of several cultural features, determine if other features are of cultural or geologic origins, and to identify some of the plants and animals that may have...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, PROTEIN RESIDUE (CIEP), MACROFLORAL, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FROM SITES CA-SDI-21240 AND CA-SDI-21805, CAMP PENDLETON, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA (2018)
Sites CA-SDI-21240 and CA-SDI-21805 are located on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in northern San Diego County, California. Cultural deposits at both sites contain marine shell and animal bones, as well as flaked stone and groundstone tools (Tanya Wahoff, personal communication April 26, 2018). Various artifacts collected from both sites were submitted for protein residue, pollen, and phytolith analysis. Soil control samples associated with artifacts also were provided. Macrofloral analysis...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND MACROFLORAL ANALYSIS FOR AIS GIORKIS, CYPRUS (2003)
Ais Giorkis, Cyprus, an Aceramic Neolithic site, represents either an early “Cypro-PPNB” or Late Khirokitia culture occupation. Radiocarbon ages on bone cluster around 6800–7000 ca. BC. This important Neolithic site is located in the uplands. Although it does not appear to be a typical village, Ais Giorkis contains only limited cattle remains, which is unusual for Neolithic occupations. Three ground stone implements, which were relatively rare in the artifact assemblage, one stone bowl, and one...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF A SANDSTONE SLAB FROM THE WATER CANYON PALEO INDIAN SITE (LA 134764), SOCORRO COUNTY, NEW MEXICO (2016)
The Water Canyon Paleo Indian Site (LA 134764) is one of a series of late Pleistocene/early Holocene sites observed eroding out of sediments along the first big bend in the Water Canyon drainage. Originally documented in 2001, this site covered an area of approximately 3250 sq m on a northeast-facing, gentle hillslope immediately above No Name Arroyo, an intermittent drainage. Continued work at the site has expanded the area to approximately 9 hectares (Robert Dello-Russo, personal communication...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FROM SITE 26CH3345, CHURCHILL COUNTY, NEVADA (2013)
Site 26CH3345 is a near surface Late Archaic (Rosegate) site situated in the Carson Lake basin in Churchill County, Nevada. Excavations exposed a basalt bowl mortar with burned contents resting on top of a steep-sided, flat based ash stain presumed to be a cooking feature. The mortar was submitted for phytolith, starch, and organic residue (FTIR) analysis and AMS radiocarbon dating. Soil controls were also submitted for pollen, phytolith, and starch analysis. Results from this analysis address...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND PROTEIN ANALYSIS OF STONE ARTIFACTS FROM PAISLEY CAVES (35LK3400), OREGON (2011)
Six stone artifacts and a wash of a large metate (a liquid sample) were submitted for pollen, starch, phytolith, protein, and XRD analyses from the Paisley 5 Mile Point Caves, Oregon. Previous work by PaleoResearch and other researchers has identified the presence of a variety of mammal and fish protein residue and DNA at the Paisley Caves. Because of the age of this site, the suite of protein residue antisera used to test these artifacts included elephant, camel, and horse, representing...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND PROTEIN ANALYSIS, CHARCOAL IDENTIFICATION AND AMS RADIOCARBON AGE DETERMINATION, FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (FTIR), AND XRF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FROM SITES IN PLATTE COUNTY, WYOMING (2017)
Multiple archaeological sites located within the boundaries of the Camp Guernsey Installation provided ceramics, lithics, and sediment sample for pollen, phytolith, starch, protein, and/or macrofloral analysis, and/or for infrared analysis of organic chemicals and/or XRF analysis of elements (Table 1). Obsidian flakes submitted from three sites were sourced using XRF elemental analysis. Charcoal identified from three locations was AMS radiocarbon dated.
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE (CIEP) ANALYSIS FOR SAMPLES FROM SORBELLO SITE 1, 28-SA-214, SALEM COUNTY, NEW JERSEY (2018)
The Sorbello 1 Site (28-Sa-214) is located in Oldmans Township, Salem County, New Jersey. The site is bordered by Beaver Creek to the north and the Beaver Creek confluence and Myers Run to the northeast. Diagnostic tools recovered from the Sorbello 1 Site date to the Late Archaic Period (circa 4,000–1,500 BP), and Locus 5 dates to the Middle Archaic, spanning to the Transitional Archaic or Early Woodland. Eleven samples, including fire cracked rock (FCR) sediment and lithic artifacts, were...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS OF GROUNDSTONE AND POLLEN AND PHYTOLITH ANALYSIS OF FEATURE FILL FROM THE EAGLE TREE SITE (48CO2920) IN THE POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING (2014)
The Eagle Tree site (48CO2920) is a prehistoric campsite situated on a partial bench and terrace above an ephemeral drainage near Antelope Creek. Excavations exposed multiple thermal features from the Thunder Basin Phase. Feature BF-F1, a hearth or oven, dated to the Late Prehistoric period and yielded a groundstone metate that was submitted for pollen, phytolith, starch, and protein residue analyses. Analyses were conducted to contribute information about the function of the artifact and food...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, MACROFLORAL, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE (CIEP) ANALYSIS FOR SITES CA-SDI-13325 AND CA-SDI-20979, MARINE CORPS BASE CAMP PENDLETON, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA (2016)
Sites CA-SDI-13325 and CA-SDI-20979 comprise a moderately dense to dense artifact deposit of debitage, flaked, and groundstone tools. Situated along San Mateo Creek, within Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in northern San Diego County, California, these sites lie within the traditional tribal territory of the Luiseño Band of Mission Indians. Groundstone, feature fill, and flaked lithics were recovered and submitted for analyses including pollen, phytolith, starch, macrofloral, and protein...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, PROTEIN (CIEP) AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF GROUND STONE SAMPLES FROM THE SPOTTED PONY SITE (5BL82), BOULDER COUNTY, COLORADO (2015)
The Spotted Pony site (5BL82) is an Early-Middle Archaic campsite situated in a small grassland clearing along the middle fork of the St. Vrain River in western Boulder County, Colorado. Dates for the site average to 5390 ± 25 RCYBP, placing it with the Mt. Albion complex of the middle Holocene period (Jason La Belle, personal communication February 23, 2015). A milling slab and handstone recovered from the site were submitted for pollen, phytolith, starch, protein residue (CIEP), and organic...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, PROTEIN RESIDUE (CIEP), AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF TOOLS FROM SAOYÚ ÆEHDACHO NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA (2018)
The Saoyú Æehdacho National Historic Site is located on the southwest shore of Great Bear Lake, Northwest Territories, Canada. Two lithic artifacts were recovered from the surface of a gravel glacial beach ridge along the west shore of the Saoyú (Grizzly Bear Mountain) peninsula. The Archaeology and History Branch of Parks Canada submitted the tools to PaleoResearch Institute for microscopic (pollen, phytolith, starch), protein residue, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses...
POLLEN, PHYTOLITH, STARCH, PROTEIN, AND ORGANIC RESIDUE (FTIR) ANALYSIS OF SAMPLES FROM SITES FB 492, FB 495, FB 1640, AND FB 1665, FORT BLISS ARMY BASE, DONA ANA COUNTY, NEW MEXICO (2010)
Samples from sites FB 492, FB 495, FB 1640, and FB 1665 on the Fort Bliss Army Base in Dona Ana County, New Mexico were submitted for pollen, phytolith, starch, protein, and organic residue analysis, the latter examined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). These analyses were undertaken to provide both an interpretation of the paleoenvironment and also of subsistence.
POLLEN, PHYTOLlTH, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS FOR SITES 42WS4113 AND 42WS4115,UTAH (2006)
Pollen, phytolith, and protein residue samples were recovered from Sites 42Ws4115 and 42Ws4113 in southwest Utah. These sites represent artifact scatters containing lithic tools, groundstone, and debitage. A mano from 42Ws4115 was washed to recover pollen, starches, and phytoliths to determine plant resources that might have been processed using the mano. A soil control in the vicinity of the mano and a general site soil control also were examined. A projectile point fragment from 42Ws4115...
POLLEN, PHYTOLlTH, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSIS FOR THE WEST BLENNERHASSETT SITE (46WD83-A), WEST VIRGINIA (2006)
A total of 24 lithic artifacts and 3 pieces of groundstone were submitted from the West Blennerhassett site (46WD83-A) on the West Blennerhassett Island in the Ohio River, northwest West Virginia. Samples were recovered from horizons associated with occupations from the Late Early Archaic (c. 6470-6300 B.C.) through the Terminal Early Archaic-Early Middle Archaic (c. 6210-5430 B.C.). The groundstone were washed to recover pollen, phytoliths, and starches to provide evidence for processing...
POLLEN, PHYTOLlTH, AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS OF GROUNDSTONE, CA-LAN-2B05, DIAMOND BAR, CALIFORNIA (2001)
Three pieces of groundstone recovered from the Diamond Bar project in the northeastern Los Angeles Basin were submitted for pollen, phytolith, and x-ray diffraction analysis to determine what substances might have been ground using these tools. In addition, a sediment sample was examined for pollen and phytoliths to provide a control for interpreting these records.
POLLEN, PHYTOLlTH, MACROFLORAL, AND PROTEIN RESIDUE ANALYSES AT THE COVE CREEK SITE, 10LH144, NORTH-CENTRAL IDAHO (2001)
Groundstone and sediment samples from the Cove Creek site, 10LH144, in north-central Idaho were examined for pollen, phytoliths, and/or possible protein residues. The floated light fractions from a fired rock feature and a shell midden also examined for macrofloral remains. This site is a multicomponent site with evidence for possibly three distinct occupations. Radiocarbon samples from the same area as the samples examined for this project date between 2500 and 3000 years BP. Pollen,...