Landscape (Other Keyword)
176-200 (396 Records)
On the large-scale sugar plantations of the Caribbean, enslaved Africans were forced into dense communities on the scale of small urban townships. In many cases, the "slave village" site was allotted by the plantation owner, though the internal composition was largely left to the choices and dynamics of the enslaved community. This poster summarizes the findings from a recent archaeological survey of the slave village of Good Hope estate, an 18th/early-19th-century sugar plantation in northern...
Interpreting Landscapes of Slavery at James Monroe’s Highland (2018)
The rediscovery of the previously unknown plantation house at James Monroe’s Highland has provided a new anchor to interpret the historic landscape of the 535-acre property. As much as the discovery of the Monroe house has grabbed the headlines and facilitated discussion about President Monroe’s place in American history, research into the landscapes of slavery, including dwellings, yards, and workspaces, stands to contribute even more to our understanding of social order on the plantation and...
INTERPRETING LONG-TERM USE OF RAW MATERIALS IN POTTERY PRODUCTION: AN HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE (2015)
Potters can exploit certain clay resources for long periods of time due to several reasons of different nature. In this presentation I will address how raw material procurement can be made according to ecological, economic and functional concerns, but also considering social and symbolic phenomena. In order to test these different theoretical perspectives and promote more holistic positions in the interpretation of the raw material procurement I will present a case study focused on the Late...
Intertwined Landscapes of Memorialization at Booker T. Washington National Monument (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Northeast Region National Park Service Archeological Landscapes and the Stories They Tell" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The site of Booker T. Washington’s birth and enslavement in Hardy County, Virginia has been honored since 1945 when the farm was purchased to serve both as a memorial and as a school. Eventually incorporated into the National Park system in the 1950s, this site has been the focal point...
Into the Distance: Initial observations from the Dornod Mongol Survey (2015)
We will report on the initial fieldwork of the Dornod Mongol Survey, an ongoing project in Southeastern Mongolia. This paper will discuss inhabitation and the integration and construction of social landscapes through time, touch upon our methods for recovering this data and ways in which we use it. The structure of our project allows us to challenge the frontier identity of this region in several time periods through chronological frameworks, scales of interaction and integration. Our focus...
Investigating Rock Art in the Coastal Valleys of Arequipa (2016)
Rock art takes on a diversity of forms in the coastal valleys of Arequipa ranging from pictographs and petroglyphs to larger geoglyphs and rock alignments. This poster documents initial steps being taken to document and understand the contributions of all forms or rock art to the sacred geography and cultural landscape of this region before, during, and after the Middle Horizon period (400-1000 A.D.) Techniques being used include photo documentation, mapping, and viewshed/intervisibility...
Island Improvement: Cultivating Change in the Eastern Frontier Landscape of Deer Isle, Maine (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Islands of Time (General Sessions)" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Archaeological studies have long highlighted rapid and radical human transformation of island ecosystems through colonization. Given their generally more limited biodiversity and size, the impact of human activity is often easier to discern on islands than on the mainland. In this paper, I examine human interaction with the island ecosystem...
Islands in the Stream: A GIS Study of Prehistoric Ritual Landscapes Within Southern Illinois (2015)
Native Americans recognized unique natural features as representing parts of ritual landscapes imbued with power that also contained cultural elements including rock art and mortuary sites. One such landscape within Illinois consists of a three mile long isolated bluff segment located on the now-drained Mississippi River floodplain that prehistorically was surrounded by a mosaic of lakes, ponds, and swamps. In this paper we use GIS, LIDAR, and archaeological data to reconstruct the ancient...
"It sounds second class, but the music was first class entertainment:" Mapping the Chitlin Circuit. (2018)
Experiencing its heyday between the 1920s - 1960s, the Chitlin Circuit was the route between concert venues for black musicians and entertainers in eastern, southern, and mid-western America. Often located in African-American rural communities and segregated urban neighborhoods performers including Jimi Hendrix, Etta James, Gladys Knight, and Little Richard played on the circuit as they began their musical careers. The venues along the route frequently included other elements ranging from...
"It Stands on High Ground": LiDAR, Viewsheds, and Vistas at Custis Square, Williamsburg, Virginia (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Returning to Colonial Williamsburg (General Sessions)" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Excavating Experience: Exploring Delhi’s mid-century housing through literature and streetscape survey
John Drayton’s Garden House: An Archaeological and Architectural Examination of a Gentleman’s Retreat in the Context of the Anglo-Palladian Movement in Colonial South Carolina. (2013)
Drayton Hall c. 1738 is widely regarded as the first fully executed example of Palladian domestic architecture in Colonial America. Located 12 miles from the colonial capital of Charles Towne, SC, the property was conceived as a gentleman’s country estate situated at the center of a network of commercial plantations totaling more than 100,000 acres. Drawing on recent historical and archaeological examinations, this paper will examine the design and orientation of John Drayton’s garden house...
Keeping it Natural: Ancient Maya Modifications of the Ritual Landscape Outside of Caves (2015)
From as early as 1000 B.C., the Maya considered caves to be sacred features of the landscape and used them as ritual spaces. Performances associated with caves served not only the ruling elite in reaffirming their right to rule, but the entire community’s confidence in their rulers. These performances became increasingly important in times of crisis, such as during the Late Classic Maya ‘collapse’ when a series of droughts aggravated the overcrowded, over-farmed, and deforested localities which...
Kingston Harbor and the Burgeoning Landscape of World War (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Military Sites Archaeology in the Caribbean: Studies of Colonialism, Globalization, and Multicultural Communities" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Nineteenth-century upgrades in naval technology required reinvestment in the defenses of overseas colonies as European nation-states intensified global trade. Paralleling these strategic reallocations of political and economic resources in the context of growing...
Labor Relations and Landscape: Slave Built Agricultural Retaining Walls on the Quill, St. Eustatius. (2015)
In 1732, at the height of the slave trade on St. Eustatius in the Caribbean, the Dutch shipped more than 2,700 people from Africa, making the island integral to the Second West India Trading Company’s influence in the Caribbean. This site consists of a series of 10 dry built stonewalls that run down a large valley on the side of the Quill (602m in height) which is a dormant volcano located within a National Park of the same name. The walls were built either to assist in the minimization of...
"The Land is now OK": Three Centuries of Marakwet Settlement on the Elgeyo Escarpment, Northwest Kenya (2019)
This is an abstract from the "African Archaeology throughout the Holocene" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Situated within the Great Rift Complex of northwest Kenya, the Elgeyo Escarpment and surrounding region has been home to Marakwet communities for the last three hundred years. Many of these communities inhabit settlements which span diverse ecosystems, from semi-arid bush to highland forests. In tandem with changes in local lifeways and...
Land, Labor, and Memory: Plantation Landscapes in Martinique (2016)
Landscapes are shaped by the experiences of people over time, serve to establish and reinforce social relations, and are spaces within which individuals actively construct their experiences with each other and with their environment. This paper focuses on plantation landscapes on the island of Martinique, where the significant role of the French sugar industry - made possible by slave labor - in the globalizing Atlantic world is still clearly visible. Plantation sites that have not been lost to...
Landcover Change and Economic Change During the Iron Age in Western Kenya (2016)
Archaeological evidence from numerous sites throughout Western Kenya show that the Iron Age was a time of considerable environmental and cultural change in this region. A short sediment core derived from lower Kingwal Swamp was collected and analyzed for its microbotanical, fungal, and charcoal content with the goal of clarifying the duration, context, and extent of these changes as visible through landscape modification. These sediments capture approximately the last 1800 years of ecological...
Landscape and the Impact of Late Colonial Industrial Agriculture on Indigenous Communities in the Tehuantepec Region of Mexico. (2015)
During the late colonial period, the political economy of the Oaxaca Isthmus of Tehuantepec, like many areas of rural New Spain, witnessed dramatic changes in response to Bourbon political reforms and as a consequence of increased engagement with global capitalism. These changes are particularly apparent in the sheltered piedmont zone of the Rio de los Perros, where Zapotec elites had managed to control productive agricultural lands into the early 18th century. New creole landowners emerge in...
Landscape Archaeology at St. Elizabeths Hospital West Campus (2016)
St. Elizabeths Hospital was championed by Dorthea Dix as a model hospital for the treatment of the mentally ill. One of the tenants of the moral treatment philosophy, the guiding principle of the initial 40 years of hospital operations, was that access to calm, natural or park-like settings was essential to patients’ recovery. However, as a former plantation and as a working farm through the 1880s, a tension emerged between principles and practicalities. GIS-based modelling and 10 years of...
Landscape Archaeology at the Orillon Bastion, Brimstone Hill Fortress, St. Kitts (2018)
A landscape archaeology approach is used to examine the Orillon Bastion at the Brimstone Hill Fortress, St. Kitts (1690-1853). Archaeological and documentary evidence record how the British military altered the number and kinds of structures within the Bastion and how they reconfigured their arrangements as the fort was enlarged, troop levels increased and were stabilized, and the military’s local and global strategic needs shifted during the fort’s occupation. Initially used to house troops...
A Landscape Archaeology of Transjordan in the Mandate Period (1918-1946) (2013)
After World War I, the cultural and physical landscapes of the Southern Levant were transformed, as the region transitioned from Ottoman province to the British Mandates of Palestine and Transjordan. In Transjordan, the relationships between colonial policy, state building, and settlement patterns are reflected in the nascent field of Mandate Period Archaeology, and focus on the wide range of colonial experiences of bedu – from entanglement in global capitalism, to the Great Arab Revolt. In this...
Landscape Dendroarchaeology: 150 Years of Human/Environment Interaction in the Cebolla Creek Drainage of Western New Mexico, USA (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Landscapes tell stories. They contain evidence of past cultural and environmental change and the relationships between the two. Dendroarchaeology—the use of tree-ring data from past human activities—is uniquely positioned to provide the fine-grained temporal resolution necessary for understanding these relationships. This paper examines 150 years of...
Landscape Modification and Social Change as Resistence among the Ifugao on the Borderlands of Spanish Philippines (2017)
Dominant historical narratives suggest that groups located on the periphery of colonial empires and states received minimal influence from the latter. However, recent studies that focused on borderlands indicate substantial culture change and ecological manipulation that contributed to successful resistance against conquest. The Ifugao Archaeological Project (IAP) investigated the colonial borderland of Spanish Philippines, focusing on the role of the adoption of wet-rice cultivation and...
A "Landscape of Ancestors"—Looking Back and Thinking Forward (2016)
In 2002, we completed the excavation of two early Iron Age burial monuments in southwestern Germany as part of the “Landscape of Ancestors” project. After more than a decade of restoration and laboratory analysis, the project is now being prepared for publication. Our research is focused on a complex mortuary landscape from 720 to 400 B.C. and our perspectives on that landscape have been substantially influenced by ideas of landscape, time, and society that we absorbed as graduate students from...
The Landscape of Black New Yorkers in the Mid-Nineteenth Century (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Archaeology of Cities: Unearthing Complexity in Urban Landscapes", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The landscapes of mid 19th-century Black New Yorkers in Manhattan seem to have formed in different patterns. Some people lived in segregated communities a short distance from the densely settled town (e.g., Seneca Village). Others were dispersed in the poorer part of the city among the white working...