conflict archaeology (Other Keyword)
26-48 (48 Records)
World War II left behind archaeological evidence of an impressive magnitude on the British Channel Islands, and today many of these features lay untouched. It was throughout my Master's research at Glasgow University in 2013-2014 that I developed a project to enhance our archaeological understanding of these concrete relics. Using a specific set of methods, I was able to accurately and non-destructively test the compressive strength of several concrete features. Combining this raw data with the...
"Honor To The Soldier And Sailor Everywhere, Who Bravely Bears His Country’s Cause:" Battlefield Preservation and Conflict Archaeology In The United States Federal Government, 1775-2018 (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeology of Conflict (General Sessions)" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Battlefield preservation initiatives consistently show public benefit. The United States Federal Government generally, and the Department of the Interior (DOI) and the National Park Service (NPS) specifically, have been at the vanguard of battlefield preservation initiatives since the field’s earliest conception. Under DOI and NPS...
"I Wanna Go Home, They Need Me:" Archaeological Investigation of German POW Camp D-D, Fort Campbell, KY (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. From 1943-1946, Fort Campbell housed three separate German POW camps. An early cursory examination assumed all sub-surface archaeological deposits were destroyed by camp demolition and subsequent land use. No further investigations were conducted, and the POW camps were largely forgotten. That is, until a new housing development...
Individual and Collective Memory of WWII in the Pacific: How Can Archaeology Contribute? (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Memory, Archaeology, And The Social Experience Of Conflict and Battlefields" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In June and July of 1944, the US and Japan waged war on the island of Saipan. This battle not only included those combatants, but also the largest civilian population yet encountered. Most historical accounts are written from the perspective of the US or Japanese and largely ignore those...
"Just At Dawn We Found Ourselves In The Environs Of Princeton:" A Reinterpretation Of The Battle Of Princeton, 3 January 1777 (2016)
After a series of military disasters that threatened to end the Revolution, the Battle of Princeton was the first American victory in the field against British regulars and followed on the success of the first Battle of Trenton ten days earlier. A comprehensive mapping study funded by the American Battlefield Protection Program offers a reinterpretation of the battle through the use of documentary, graphic, and archeological resources, and the correlation of the historical record with the...
Looking at Ethnic and Ecological Issues in the Analysis of Seminole War Battlefields in Florida (2016)
Gulf Archaeology Research Institute, a nonprofit scientific research organization, has a 20-year history of integrating biological and physical sciences to better understand and protect Florida’s vanishing natural and cultural resources. Population growth, development, and natural threats from sea level rise to climate change are all rapidly diminishing our cultural resources. Necessity has required innovative approaches to understand and protect historic landscapes. Partnering with the Seminole...
Mapping the Path to Preservation: Integrating community and research at the Newtown and Chemung Battlefields (2016)
The inclusion of community is vital for the protection of historic sites. However, issues related to present day property rights, economic development, and historic struggles can present obstacles for integrating communities into a preservation project. The Revolutionary War’s Sullivan-Clinton campaign involves a complex history centered on the violent conflict between Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Delaware, and Continental forces. Historic tensions between the Haudenosaunee and the American and...
Mind the Gap: The Evolution of Forensic Archaeology in Military Remains Recovery (2017)
The Defense POW-MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is responsible for the recovery of U.S. servicemembers' remains from past conflicts. This paper will briefly review the history of military remains recovery by the U.S. government, focusing on the personnel responsible for field recovery as well as the methods typically employed. We will then explore the evolving role of archaeologists in the accounting community, and how this parallels the modern development of forensic archaeology as a distinct...
Modern Military Theory and the Camden Expedition of 1864: Assessing Benefits and Limitations (2018)
The final military action of the American Civil War in the state of Arkansas was the campaign known as the Camden Expedition of 1864. Responding to local and state efforts to increase heritage tourism to many of the associated sites, archeologists in the state are now working to locate, delineate, and characterize the battlefields, camps, and civilian sites associated with the campaign. This multi-site effort requires conceptual tools that facilitate interpreting all sites together, not just in...
On the Beaten Path: Modeling Logistics During the Second Seminole War (2018)
Conflict archaeology is growing and expanding as a discipline, however, the focus has been battle-centric. There are many other crucial landscape features that have remained in the background of these discussions. This project proposes to use the Fort King Road as a test case for modeling conflict. This project will develop a GIS model of how the road functioned as a critical piece of the battle landscape during the Second Seminole War (1835-1842) and seeks to understand how the road shaped the...
Panopticism, Pines and POWS: Applying Conflict Landscape Tools to the Archaeology of Internment (2018)
The military terrain analysis system KOCOA (Key Terrain, Observation,Cover/concealment, Obstacles, and Avenues of approach), or OAKOC, or OCOKA was developed as part of the burgeoning discipline of military science around the start of the American Civil War. It is now part of the NPS’s American Battlefield Protection Program’s survey methodology, was introduced to conflict archaeology by Scott and McFeaters (2011:115-16) and Scott and Bleed (2011:47-49), and has been used as a tool for...
The Past And Future Impact Of The American Battlefield Protection Program On Conflict Archaeology: A South Carolina Perspective (2016)
Battlefield, or Conflict Archeology, has made great progess in South Carolina thanks largely to the American Battlefield Protection Program funding and guidance. This paper summarizies numerous successful efforts to identify, delineate, and preserve South Carolina's battlefields. In many cases, these efforts have gone beyond preservation; initiating and investigating research questions that have resulted in important new knowledge. This paper concludes with a few personal observations on the...
Prediction of Human Remains Distribution within WWII Bombardment Aircraft Crash Sites (2017)
Examination of eight WWII bombardment aircraft loss incidents previously resolved by the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) has allowed for the creation of a model that predicts where human remains can be expected to be recovered from within a crash scene based upon each crew member’s duty station. This paper details where each individual was found in relation to the aircraft wreckage at the crash sites, including those criteria for a case to be included in the model and how hypotheses...
Remembering Paoli: Archaeology and Memory Associated with Conflict Sites (2018)
On the night of September 20, 1777, British General Charles Grey led his men on a bayonet raid upon American General Anthony Wayne and his encamped Pennsylvania Regulars. The British burned the camp, injuring many, and killing 52. The battle quickly became recognized as the "Paoli Massacre" with the battle cry "Remember Paoli!" heard throughout the remainder of the American Revolution. Archaeological fieldwork at Paoli Battlefield not only seeks to understand the conflict, but the legacy of...
ROV-Based 3D Modeling Efforts on a Submerged WWII Aircraft for Museum Display (2016)
In 1944, factory workers and community members from Tulsa, OK bought war bonds to finance the last B-24 Liberator built by the Tulsa Douglas Aircraft plant. They named her, wrote signatures and messages on her fuselage, and sent her to Europe with a part Tulsa crew. She went down off the coast of Croatia after a bombing mission but was never forgotten as a WWII community icon. Archaeologists are now in the process of preserving the cultural heritage and physical remains of the site, as well...
Serious Miracles: Semiotic Battlefields of the Spanish Reconquista in 17th Century New Mexico (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Memory, Archaeology, And The Social Experience Of Conflict and Battlefields" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Miraculous stories are as common to the battlefield as weapons and shields. Whether in the form of saintly interventions in combat, victory despite overwhelming odds, or religious iconography protecting the virtuous, warriors have reported miracles on the field of battle throughout time...
A Singular Find, A Global Story: an Artifact Biography of a French Tobacco Pipestem Found at an American Civil War Encampment in Williamsburg, VA. (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During excavations of the Powhatan Park site (44WB0138) on the outskirts of Williamsburg, Virginia in 2020 archaeologists working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation recovered an unusual artifact. The mid-19th century clay tobacco pipe stem with a maker’s mark indicating that it was manufactured in the L. Fiolet factory in...
Steel And Steam At The Entrance Of The River Tagus.A Different Reality And New Fields Of Research (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Lisbon, The Tagus And The Global Navigation", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Traditionally, Portugal, and Lisbon, are mainly linked with the Age of Discoveries, and Portuguese scholars tend to forget the sea tragedies that occurred in the contemporary period, including those during the World Wars. Strangely, information about those recent disasters and their “cultural footprint”, has proven difficult to...
Survival Compasses, Parachutes, LPUs, and More: Life Support as Material Evidence (2017)
Like any type of archaeologically recovered material culture, the debris found at an aircraft crash site can be classified in a myriad of ways, potentially focused upon shape, function, material, and/or interpretive value for the specific research questions at hand. While DPAA archaeology is informed by the broader patterns of archaeological interpretation and analysis, the focus of a DPAA crash site investigation or recovery effort is upon a singular event, such as the loss of an individual...
The Temecula Massacre: Native American Casualties of the War between Mexico and the United States (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Hidden Battlefields: Power, Memory, and Preservation of Sites of Armed Conflict" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The 1846 Temecula Massacre is among the few deadly conflicts associated with events tied directly to the Battle of San Pasqual, a skirmish of the Mexican-American War in California. Fought on December 7 and 8 between U.S. Col. Stephen Kearny’s military and the Californios, it is considered to be...
What They Carried: Deriving Context and Meaning from the Items Recovered in Graves of WWII Service Members in Tarawa (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During WWII from 20–23 November 1943, U.S. forces invaded and fought for control of the Japanese-occupied Betio Island in the Battle of Tarawa. The battle resulted in the loss of 1,020 U.S. service members, with over 400 still remaining unaccounted for. The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is responsible for the relocation,...
Where They Fight: Apsáalooke Spirituality on the Battlefield (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Hidden Battlefields: Power, Memory, and Preservation of Sites of Armed Conflict" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. By the mid-19th century, waves of settlers along the Overland Trail invaded Indigenous North Americans’ traditional homelands and hunting grounds. This pushed people like the Sioux westward as colonists threatened game, timber, water, and other resources. The U.S. called for a council resulting...
WWII-Related Caves, Community Archaeology and Public Service Announcements: A Community Approach to Raising Awareness and Protecting Caves (2016)
A recent ABPP-funded project explored community consensus building for the protection of WWII-related caves on the island of Saipan in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The project utilized radio and television public service announcements for the purpose of sharing a local message of protection and preservation of caves with the island community. This paper outlines the process of community engagement and involvement, recording privately owned WWII cave sites, developing a...