American Revolution (Other Keyword)
1-25 (29 Records)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. From May 22 to June 18, 1781, the American Continental Army under the command of General Nathanael Greene laid siege to a Loyalist detachment occupying the fortified village of Ninety Six in the backcountry of South Carolina. The Loyalist defenses included an eight-pointed, star-shaped earthwork fort that was the focus of the American siege, including a desperate and unsuccessful...
Another Look At The New York African Burial Ground Late Group Coffin-less Burials? (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The New York African Burial Ground (NYABG) was the primary burial ground for free and captive Africans from the 17th to 18th centuries. During the excavation of burials north of the fence line assigned to the Late Group, 114 individuals were recovered of which seventy-nine had coffins and twenty-five were without, respectively....
Archaeology at Paoli Battlefield: Expanding the Interpretations of Conflict (2016)
On evening of September 20, 1777, and into the morning hours of September 21, British Major General Charles Gray led an elite force of British soldiers on a nighttime bayonet raid on American General Anthony Wayne’s encamped troops. The bloody attack enraged the Patriots, and the battle became engrained in American ideology as the Paoli Massacre. Although the battle was brief, its national and local importance extends for over 225 years. Today, archaeology at the Paoli Battlefield seeks to...
Arnold's Bay Project: Background Research for a Revolutionary Battlefield Site on Lake Champlain (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeology of Conflict (General Sessions)" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In 2020, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum was awarded an American Battlefield Protection Program grant through the National Park Service to survey the Revolutionary War battlefield site at Arnold’s Bay. This site is where American troops under General Benedict Arnold burned their remaining fleet to prevent its capture by the...
"As Long As I Have Served, I Have Not Yet Left A Battlefield In Such Deep Sorrow…": Archeology, History And The Material Remains Of Fort Mercer, Red Bank, New Jersey (2016)
Nearly a month after the Crown Forces captured Philadelphia, a Hessian Brigade under the command of Colonel von Donop crossed the Delaware River intent on clearing away the American defenses entrenched along its east bank. Captain Ewald was part of the expedition, and his jaegers supported the attack on Fort Mercer at Red Bank, New Jersey. The assault on the earthen fortification began in the late afternoon on October 22, 1777. The Hessian force suffered heavy casualties at the hands of a...
Assessing the Remains of the Crosswicks Creek Revolutionary War-Era Shipwrecks (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "The World Turned Upside Down: Revisiting the Archaeology of the American Revolution" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Revolutionary War is a rich part of American history. The colonial artifacts left behind also have stories of their own to tell, yet the challenges in learning about those stories are the methods used to glean information and what amount of information is there from the past to understand...
"At this point there was terrible firing, and half of the Englishmen...were slain": The Rearguard Action at the Battle of Brandywine, 11 September 1777 - A comparative dialogic of Captain Ewald's battlefield experience as a function of terrain analysis in battlefield study bridging the semantic and the semiotic of a battlespace. (2016)
DRAFT "At this point there was terrible firing, and half of the Englishmen...were slain": The Rearguard Action at the Battle of Brandywine, 11 September 1777 kevin m. donaghy Temple University Department of Anthropology ABSTRACT Battlefield Archaeology has gained new energy in part due to: advances in remote sensing and data management, improved access to primary documents and GIS technologies. A question arises of whether we can improve our battlefield modeling based on military...
Bullet Riddled Artifacts: Curated Objects of Memory from the First Day of the American Revolution (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "The World Turned Upside Down: Revisiting the Archaeology of the American Revolution" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The British Regulars retreat from Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775 is legendary in American history. Colonial militias and the famous Minute Men companies ambushed the British column along the retreat route back to Boston. Our study began with documenting an extant bullet damaged house...
Destruction & Wanton Waste: The Impact of War in a Peaceful Valley (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Beyond Battlefields: Culture and Conflict through the Philadelphia Campaign" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. On September 11, 1777, General Sir William Howe’s Crown Forces engaged General George Washington at the Battle of Brandywine. Their battlefield, one of the richest agricultural and milling regions in the mid-Atlantic colonies, was dominated by a large and peaceful Quaker population. Following the...
"The French Engineer Burst A 24-Pounder In The Fort At Red Banks": Contextualizing An Accidental Artifact (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Beyond Battlefields: Culture and Conflict through the Philadelphia Campaign" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the fall of 1777, the Royal Navy was prevented from reaching Philadelphia by river obstructions, a small Pennsylvania Navy, and two forts. Fort Mifflin and Fort Mercer, on opposite sides of the Delaware river, served as the principal American defensive works. On 22 October 1777, Crown Forces...
Interpreting Communities in Conflict: Utilizing Captain Johann Ewald’s Journal as a Lens to Analyze the Paoli Battlefield (2016)
Upon arriving at Head of Elk, Maryland, General William Howe led his British and Hessian forces on a march through the Mid-Atlantic colonies on a quest to capture Philadelphia. Hessian jaeger Captain Johann Ewald documented the march, the engagements, and the litany of individuals he encountered during the Philadelphia Campaign. Utilizing his journal as a unit of analysis, this paper seeks to understand the diversity of individuals and groups that played a role in the Philadelphia Campaign. ...
"It is promised to them:" Loyalist Refugees’ Adaptation in the Exumas Cays, Bahamas (1784–1810) (2013)
The stone foundation ruins on Warderick Wells––an island in the Exuma Cays Land and Sea Park, Bahamas––have long been associated with refugee American Loyalists in the Bahamas after the American Revolution. Local oral tradition maintains that the Davis family occupied the property in the last quarter of the 18th century. Little historical evidence remains, however, to confirm the family association or the site’s connection to the Loyalists. The Exuma Cays were among several locations in the...
"Just At Dawn We Found Ourselves In The Environs Of Princeton:" A Reinterpretation Of The Battle Of Princeton, 3 January 1777 (2016)
After a series of military disasters that threatened to end the Revolution, the Battle of Princeton was the first American victory in the field against British regulars and followed on the success of the first Battle of Trenton ten days earlier. A comprehensive mapping study funded by the American Battlefield Protection Program offers a reinterpretation of the battle through the use of documentary, graphic, and archeological resources, and the correlation of the historical record with the...
"Led Into The Fire Of The Whole Body Of The Enemy": Archaeological Survey Of The Stone Arabia Battlefield 19 October 1780 (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "The World Turned Upside Down: Revisiting the Archaeology of the American Revolution" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. On 19 October 1780, a force of Native American, Loyalist, British and German soldiers met and overwhelmed an American formation composed of Massachusetts Levies and New York militiamen in an engagement known as the Battle of Stone Arabia. The Patriot defeat allowed the Crown Forces to lay...
Living with the Dead: Mortuary Patterning at Halifax’s Old Burying Ground during the American Revolution (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Investigating Cultural Aspects of Historic Mortuary Archaeology: Perspectives from Europe and North America", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In addressing attitudes towards death, we recorded gravemarker design and style at the Halifax Old Burying Ground, Nova Scotia, Canada ([HOBG] in operation from CE 1750 to 1845). In additional to detailing general mortuary trends, we were particularly interested in...
Mapping the Path to Preservation: Integrating community and research at the Newtown and Chemung Battlefields (2016)
The inclusion of community is vital for the protection of historic sites. However, issues related to present day property rights, economic development, and historic struggles can present obstacles for integrating communities into a preservation project. The Revolutionary War’s Sullivan-Clinton campaign involves a complex history centered on the violent conflict between Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), Delaware, and Continental forces. Historic tensions between the Haudenosaunee and the American and...
Memorialization, Reconstruction, Erosion, and Sham Battles: Multiple Ways of Remembering the Battle of Fort Mercer, New Jersey (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Revisiting Revolutionary America" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The battle of Fort Mercer, or Red Bank, was fought in October 1777. An important American victory in the Philadelphia Campaign, the site was one of early and continuous monumentation and commemoration. Tourists and visitors came frequently from Philadelphia throughout the nineteenth century. Remnants of the fort’s earthen walls are extant and...
Reinterpreting the Battle of Cowpens, 1781 (2016)
In August 2015, the Southeast Archeological Center undertook a large-scale systematic survey of the core battlefield and surrounding environs of Cowpens National Battlefield. The survey covered over 50 acres using Federal and State archaeologists in conjunction with volunteers from throughout the southeastern United States. The project nearly doubled the footprint of the battle, in addition to uncovering several artifacts that are key to interpreting troop movements and actions across the...
Remembering Paoli: Archaeology and Memory Associated with Conflict Sites (2018)
On the night of September 20, 1777, British General Charles Grey led his men on a bayonet raid upon American General Anthony Wayne and his encamped Pennsylvania Regulars. The British burned the camp, injuring many, and killing 52. The battle quickly became recognized as the "Paoli Massacre" with the battle cry "Remember Paoli!" heard throughout the remainder of the American Revolution. Archaeological fieldwork at Paoli Battlefield not only seeks to understand the conflict, but the legacy of...
Report of an Archeological Reconnaissance, Northeast Boundary, George Rogers Clark National Historic Park (1997)
In August 1997, the National Park Service proposed actions necessary to maintain the designed historic landscape at George Rogers Clark National Historical Park in Vincennes, Knox County, Indiana. The proposed work involved the removal and replacement in kind of existing overgrown vegetation within a 70 m by 20 m tract along the northeast boundary of the park. Because this work involved minor ground disturbance, the National Park Service first conducted an archeological recom1aissance to...
Retracing the Middlebrook Encampments of the American Revolutionary War: A Cartographic Analysis (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Revisiting Revolutionary America" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Continental Army occupied a strategic section of the Watchung Mountains of New Jersey during the spring of 1777 and winter of 1778-79. More than 5,000 soldiers were encamped over a 10-square-mile area of Washington Valley in Somerset County. During what is known as the Middlebrook Encampments, the soldiers modified the terrain in this...
A Savage Plan: Interpreting Hull Remains of an American Revolutionary War Schooner (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Developing Standard Methods, Public Interpretation, and Management Strategies on Submerged Military Archaeology Sites" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Royal Savage served as the flagship of Benedict Arnold’s American squadron in the defense of Lake Champlain during the American Revolution. She sank during the Battle of Valcour Island in 1776, and though largely undisturbed for over 150 years, her remains were...
Sixty Years of Encampment Archaeology at Valley Forge (2015)
From Lexington and Concord to Yorktown, fighting for the newfound independence of the American colonies occupied soldiers for only a fraction of the eight years spent engaged in conflict. The archaeology of the American Revolution goes well beyond the battlefield locations that dot the American landscape. With soldiers spending up to six months of the year in encampments, places like Valley Forge offer researchers the opportunity to understand the time spent outside the fighting season. This...
Spatial Analysis of Hanna’s Town: Settlement and Geophysical Frontiers (2017)
The colonial settlement of Hanna’s Town is a vital connection to Pennsylvania’s frontier history. The significance of the Hanna’s Town site to regional heritage is represented by the effort expended by the Westmoreland County Historical Society on archaeological and geophysical projects that have taken place at the site since 1969. However, after numerous investigations, questions remain about layout of the Hanna’s Town settlement. This proposal suggests a model for the investigation and...
"To Drain This Country": Historical Archeology And The Demands Of The War For Independence In The Route 301 Corridor (2016)
The Upper Delmarva Peninsula was a region on the periphery of military activity during the American Revolution. For a short time in 1777 the area witnessed some troop movements and experienced the effects of invasion and war. The longer lasting impact on the region was the constant need for foodstuffs and materiél required of the fledging American nation. With no strong logistical system, state and national governments called on their civilian population to fill the void. While the 1777...