Paleoindian and Paleoamerican (Other Keyword)
276-300 (497 Records)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The first South Americans' coastal migration routes remain a central question to studying the settlement patterns of human colonizations worldwide. However, these early migrations likely occurred along a coastline that today is mostly submerged. Consequently, in countries like Peru, there is currently a shortage of coastal archaeological sites that date to...
Modeling Proglacial Shore Lines of Glacial Lake Agassiz Around Prehistoric Quarries in Northern Minnesota (2018)
Since 2009 the Knife Lake siltstone quarries in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness of Minnesota U.S. quarry district have been the focus of archaeological and geoarchaeological research. A recent survey conducted in 2014 and 2015 identified several relic beach features at varying elevations above the current water line of Knife Lake. GIS was used to model and predict these proglacial lake shoreline features to better understand the procurement patterns of Knife Lake siltstone, a prominent...
The More the Merrier: Using a Suite of Analytical Techniques to Arrive at Reliable Chert Ascription (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Case Studies in Toolstone Provenance: Reliable Ascription from the Ground Up" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Determining the provenance of Florida cherts has been a major goal of archaeological researchers in the state for decades, and inquiry has largely focused on refining the existing petrographic and microscopic methods. When these methods of provenance were first developed, geochemical approaches using X-ray...
Multi-isotopic Paleo-diet Reconstruction in a High Altitude Rockshelter of Southern Peru (2018)
Expanding on a previous report, we expand the results of the analysis of stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope analyses from collagen of three Early and two Late-Middle Holocene adult human burials with coeval fauna remains of Cuncaicha rock shelter in the Peruvian Puna. We also reconstruct important aspects of the ecology of the Pucuncho Basin, in which Cuncaicha is located, using new and published isotopic values of archaeological and modern fauna and plants. Sulfur isotope values...
Multidisciplinary Investigations of a Late Paleoindian Bison Butchery Event from a Southwest Texas Rockshelter (2018)
Located in the Northeastern Chihuahuan Desert, Eagle Cave is one of the largest rockshelters in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands. Archaeologists previously excavated Eagle Cave in the 1930s and 1960s; however, no evidence had been recovered indicating Paleoindian occupation of the site. From January 2015 through February 2017, the Ancient Southwest Texas Project of Texas State University re-excavated a 4-meter deep trench through the center of this massive rockshelter in order to document and sample...
A Multiproxy Analysis of Fire, Vegetation, Climatic, and Anthropogenic Activity during the Mid- to Late Holocene in the West Desert of Utah, United States (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Pollen from cave sediments within Hogup Cave and pollen and macroscopic charcoal found in a nearby 268 cm sediment core were analyzed and used as proxies to reconstruct the paleoecological and anthropogenic record of Hogup Cave and the surrounding region, found in the West Desert of Utah. The relationship between Paleoindians and their use of the...
Multiproxy Reconstruction of Human Diet in the Northern Great Basin: Coprolite Research at the Paisley Caves (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Human coprolites from archaeological contexts can provide valuable information about human health, dietary practices, and land-use patterns. Traditional coprolites studies have focused on identifying animal macrofossils and plant macrofossils and microfossils, but more recent research has shown the utility of biomolecular research (e.g., lipids, aDNA) for...
Necessity, Not Novelty: Archaeology on Submerged Landscapes (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Advances in Global Submerged Paleolandscapes Research" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Despite recent advances in method and approach, the underwater archaeological record continues to make a negligible contribution of prehistoric research. This is due, in part, to a series of widespread but erroneous beliefs about the character of the submerged record. These include the belief that underwater finds are chance...
New Archaeobotanical Data from the Late Pleistocene Occupations of McDonald Creek (2021)
This is an abstract from the "McDonald Creek and Blair Lakes: Late Pleistocene-Holocene Human Activity in the Tanana Flats of Central Alaska" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. What can archaeobotany tell us about past landscapes and human behavior at McDonald Creek during the Late Pleistocene? Since 2016, systematic charcoal and phytolith sampling has been performed at McDonald Creek with the following aims: (1) reconstruct the ligneous vegetation...
New Context from an Old Site: Collections Research on the Colby Mammoth Clovis Site (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Since the first discovery of projectile points associated with mammoth remains, the iconic recreation of Clovis life has been a group of hunters stalking this multi-ton animal. However, despite nearly 100 years of research, questions remain about traditions associated with Pleistocene megafauna hunting including its frequency and importance. In the 1970s...
New Data and Potential Pathways of Paleoindian Exploration in the West Virginia Highlands (2018)
Comparatively few Paleoindian artifacts have been found throughout the Appalachian Highlands, especially in the uplands of West Virginia. Lack of professional research in West Virginia appears to be the leading cause for this paucity of data. A literature review and newly identified artifacts from surface collections provide a baseline for future research questions and survey strategies. Most artifacts derive from the Ohio and Kanawha river valleys, but new artifacts from the most mountainous...
New Dates for Bonfire Shelter, a Multicomponent Rockshelter in West Texas (2021)
This is an abstract from the "The Big Bend Complex: Landscapes of History" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bonfire Shelter is a well-known but imperfectly understood multicomponent rockshelter site located in a short tributary canyon of the Rio Grande in West Texas. The site is particularly known for three “bone beds” deposited between about 14,000 and 2,500 BP, two of which appear to represent mass bison kills. Three years of renewed investigation...
New Insights into a Late Pleistocene Submerged Landscape on the Pacific Coast of South America (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Advances in Global Submerged Paleolandscapes Research" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Identifying evidence of human activity on the continental shelf might prove challenging and employing inductive explanation by collecting data on available evidence represents an initial step to build generalizations. This is the case of the Late Pleistocene site GNL Quintero 1 (GNLQ1), located in Quintero Bay (32° S), central Chile,...
New Interpretations of the Clovis Anzick Site, 50 Years after Its Discovery (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Paleo Lithics to Legacy Management: Ruthann Knudson—Inawa’sioskitsipaki" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Over 100 lithic tools accompanied the burial of a two-year-old Clovis boy. While this assemblage has been called a cache by some, these artifacts appear to have been left as grave goods, so the child would have needed tools in the next life. Some artifacts have nicks and breaks, or have been resharpened suggesting...
New Investigations at Bonfire Shelter: A Consideration of Bison Jumps and Their Implications for Paleoindian Social Organization (2018)
Bonfire Shelter (41VV218) is a nationally significant site in the Lower Pecos region of the West Texas borderlands that preserves evidence of what may be the oldest and southernmost "bison jump" in North America. At least two major episodes of bison hunting are evident at Bonfire Shelter, one associated with Paleoindian Plainview and Folsom projectile points, and another associated with Late Archaic Castroville and Montell points. The approximately 12,000-year-old layers comprising Bonebed 2...
New Investigations of Bone Bed 1, Bonfire Shelter: A High-Resolution Analysis of Late Pleistocene Deposits (2018)
This paper reports the results of new excavations of Late Pleistocene deposits at Bonfire Shelter, a stratified rockshelter in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of Val Verde County, Texas. Previous excavations identified three bone deposits. Bone Bed 1, the oldest deposit, yielded a single uncalibrated radiocarbon date of 12,460 +/- 490 BP. Investigators in the 1960s and 1980s argued that the patterned distribution of megafaunal elements associated with large limestone cobbles in Bone Bed 1 suggests...
New Perspectives from Smith Creek Cave: A Lithic Technological and Geochemical Analysis of the Paleoindian Assemblage (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Far West Paleoindian Archaeology: Papers from the Next Generation" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. With the recent reporting of pre-Clovis-aged Western Stemmed components at archaeological sites in the Great Basin, there is renewed interest in the previously excavated Paleoindian assemblage from Smith Creek Cave. There, a stemmed-point component was originally dated to approximately 13,000 years ago. A thorough...
New Perspectives in the Geoarcheological Context of Hunter-Gatherer Sites from the Beginning of the Holocene, Serranópolis, Brazil (2018)
The GO-JA-01 and GO-JA-02 archaeological sites, located in sand stone shelters of Serranopolis excavated from the 1970s to 1990s and earliest at 10.400 years B. P., were occupied by hunter-gatherer and agricultural-ceramist groups. Recent studies have raised hypotheses regarding the appropriation and construction of the landscape by hunter-gatherer groups, based on evidences related to the paleoenvironment and the archeological site formation process in the Rio Verde river alluvial plain. The...
New Surveys along the Middle Basin of the Quequén Grande River, Pampas Region (Argentina) (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the last 30 years, archaeological research in the middle course of the Quequén Grande River, Pampas region (Argentina), has provided a wealth of data, both in the density of recorded archaeological sites, and in its chronological representation, which spans from the Late Pleistocene to Late Holocene (10,250--1500 14C years BP). This is true of the...
Non-Pollen Palynomorphs Reveal Environmental Fluctuations in the Terminal Pleistocene Southeastern United States (2018)
Paleobotanists and palynologists must be able to identify various types of plant remains from archaeological sites. Because of the difficulty of becoming familiar with the vast array of microfossils found in a typical pollen sample, non-pollen palynomorphs (such as fungal spores) are often overlooked in traditional palynological analyses. However, they can be indicators of various environmental changes such as fluctuations in plant and animal communities, erosion and fire events. This paper...
Of Elderberries and Alder: Collaborations on the Paleoethnobotany of the Pacific Northwest (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2019, construction monitoring of a large, King County-directed levee replacement project identified a diffuse and deeply buried archaeological site on the Green River, south of Seattle, Washington. This poster presents the results of paleoethnobotanical and AMS analyses conducted on plant materials from precontact-era combustion features and pits....
Of Truck Tires and Kelly Bars: Geoarchaeological Perspectives of a Toolpusher (2018)
Over the course of several summers I had the opportunity to apprentice to Vance Holliday as he worked on the Southern High Plains. Whilst this work typically involved long hot days I had the opportunity to learn a lot of the intricacies of how field work is conducted by itinerant geoarchaeologists. This allowed me to be directly involved in research at some of the most prominent projects in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. It also exposed me to a cross-section of small towns, motels, and BBQ...
One Thing Leads to Another: Causal Triggering among Archaeological Events (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Practical Approaches to Identifying Evolutionary Processes in the Archaeological Record" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A causal connection between archaeological events is frequently little more than a convenient assumption. The repeated occupation of a site, the occurrence in time and space of a ceramic ware, or the phases of settlement construction are all assumed to reflect some causal sequence, but it is far from...
OSL Dating at the Wakulla Springs Site (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Wakulla Springs site is a well-known paleoindian site in Florida, which contains abundant Pleistocene megafauna and artifacts including early projectile points. Previous optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating at the Wakulla Springs Lodge site (8WA329) suggested occupation older than 11.6 ka but younger than 22.5 ka (W.J. Rink et al. Florida...
An Overview and Synthesis of Paleocoastal Research on the Yucatan Peninsula (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Advances in Global Submerged Paleolandscapes Research" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The broad carbonate platform and shallow continental shelf of the Yucatan Peninsula supported the rise of the northern lowland Maya and the dispersal of Paleoamerican peoples thousands of years earlier. Exploration—particularly in the region’s now-submerged cave systems—has revealed the remains of the Yucatan’s earliest human...