Phytoliths (Other Keyword)
1-25 (51 Records)
Grass-dominated ecosystems occupy >40% of Earth’s land surface today. Documenting when this prominent biome emerged was traditionally hampered by the rarity of identifiable grass fossils. Recently, phytoliths have emerged as a vital tool for tracking the evolutionary history of grasslands. Key to understanding ancient grassland composition is studying the 3-D morphology of silica grass short cell (GSSC) phytoliths. GSSCs have long been known as broadly diagnostic within grasses, but a landmark...
The Analysis of a Late Holocene Bison Skull from Fawn Creek, Lemhi County, Idaho, and Its Implications for Understanding the HIstory and Ecology of Bison in the Intermountain West (1997)
In 1995 the skull of a subadult male bison was recovered from the cutbank of Fawn Creek, Lemhi County, Idaho, by a ranger for the Salmon-Challis National Forest. After slowly drying the skull for about a year it was turned over to the Midwest Archeological Center in order to be stabilized and analyzed for clues to the ecology of Late Holocene bison in the Intermountain West. A number of analytical techniques were applied to the skull in order to understand its age of deposition and ecology....
Ancient plant management at ADEs on Santarem region from an archaeobotanical approach (2016)
ADEs are highly fertile soils found in association with archaeological sites all over the Amazonia that result from ancient societies’ landscape management. We present preliminary results on the research of plant consumption on Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) sites at Santarem region, Lower Amazon. To tackle questions concerning plant food production and the formation of ADEs at the region three sites are under investigation from an archaeobotanical approach: Serra do Maguari and Cedro on terra...
The archaeobotany of plant microfossils in South Asia - History and Perspectives (2017)
The analysis of plant microfossils has progressed immensely in recent years. The increase in the number of phytoliths and starch grains works in several disciplines has substantially extended our knowledge about these microfossils, while at the same time diversifying the approaches by which they can be used as archaeological and palaeoenvironmental proxies. This presentation will discuss the history and developments of plant microfossils in South Asia.
Archaeological Data Recovery: Interstate 195, Sections 6C, 7a and 7B, Preventorium Road To the Route 34, 38 Interchange, Howell and Wall Townships, Monmouth County, New Jersey (1982)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Archaeological Investigations at the Delaware Park Site (7NC-E-41) (1981)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Archaeological Maize: Does It Vary across Space and Time? (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Recovery of maize cobs as part of the archaeological record yields a rich potential for discerning connections between people, places, and through time. Started almost three decades ago, the study of maize cob phytolith morphometrics has now produced a sufficient dataset for comparison of phytoliths from reference cobs spanning ancient varieties and more...
Archaeology of the Dahnke-Reinke Site (32Cs29) (1990)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Consuming Community: Cuisine, Community, and Resilience in Late Colonial New Mexico (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Culinary Archaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Communities of practice are negotiated daily through the use of cuisine. In colonial settings, these communities are contested and reformed, as colonists and colonized negotiate their new found roles. Following the abandonment of the first New Mexican colony after the 1680 Pueblo Revolt, the Spanish Crown recolonized New Mexico in 1692. This second New Mexican...
Consuming Conquest: Changing Foodways in Historic New Mexico (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "New Avenues in the Study of Plant Remains from Historical Sites" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The historic period in New Mexico is marked by series of major disruptions, including Spanish colonization, the 1680 Pueblo Revolt, the rise of the Comancheria, American Annexation (1846), and the arrival of the railroad (1878). This paper investigates how these disruptions lead to changing patterns of plant...
Evidence for Forest Clearance and Food Production in Lapita and Post-Lapita Fiji (2018)
Investigations at the site of Qaraqara have sought to determine the antiquity of forest clearance and food production in Fiji. Located over 25 km inland from the coast, archaeological excavation has indicated that the site was used for habitation and cultivation, producing a ceramic-rich deposit that extends to a depth of 250 cm. Geoarchaeological analyses of sediment cores from Qaraqara reached 500 cmbs, and document the formation of stable soils by 3000 BP, during the Lapita period. Plant...
EXAMINATION OF PIPE RESIDUE FOR EVIDENCE OF BOTANICS (2004)
A tubular pipe recovered from a house floor in the Umpqua Basin was submitted to PaleoResearch Institute for removal of residue on the interior of the pipe and subsequent microscopic examination in an effort to identify botanics burned or smoked in the pipe. The site (350061) is located along the North Umpqua River.
EXAMINATION OF TOOTH TARTAR FROM TWO PREHISTORIC INDIVIDUALS FROM THE SALT LAKE VALLEY, UTAH (2004)
Calculus from two teeth recovered from individuals of unknown age and provenience were submitted for microscopic analysis. Remains were extracted from the calculus, identified, and many photographed. The results are presented here and accompany a digital record of the photographs on a CD.
Fort McKenzie (24CH242): a Study In Applied Historical and Archaeological Methods (1977)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
From foragers to producers: desert gardening at the Archaic Peruvian site of Quebrada de Burros (2015)
Research at the Peruvian site of Quedrada de Burros (Dep. of Tacna, Peru) evidenced a very early settelement of fiserhmen and shel-gatherers on the desert Pacific littoral. The campsite has been occupied during the Early and Middel Holocene, between 10'000 and 6'000BP. The analysis of organic remains indicate that since the beginning, the different groups not only relied on ocean resources but also exploiter the surrounding vegetation. In particular, phytolith analyses show that the settlers...
From the Global to the Local: Changing Foodways in Colonial New Mexico (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Previous research on colonial-era foodways in New Mexico has often focused on the arrival and use of Old World foods as a way to maintain a distinct Spanish identity. Early accounts by Spanish colonists indicate that they brought wheat, lentils, melons, and other Old World cultivars with them. While these accounts suggest the colonists were growing these cultivars, previous archaeological...
A Global Taste: Rethinking Foodways in Colonial New Mexico (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Chicanx Archaeology" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. "I was a global creature before globalization became a buzzword; I am a Heinz 57, a mestizo with my taste buds on several continents" (Arellano 2014: 10). Previous research on colonial-era foodways in New Mexico has often focused on the arrival and use of Old World foods as a way to maintain a distinct Spanish identity. Yet, many of the earliest colonists, despite...
Grasses Are Always Greener: The Technology of Herding and Mobility among Neolithic Pastoralists in South Arabia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Farm to Table Archaeology: The Operational Chain of Food Production" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The development of pastoralism still features a number of gaps in the archaeological record. Principally, herders invest in the maintenance of a resource base capable of supporting their herds. While pursuing these resources through both intensive and extensive land management strategies, they impact vegetation...
A Growing Investment in "Place": Exploring Late Pleistocene Perceptions of "Nature" in the Southern Levant (2017)
The concept of ‘place’ is given structure and meaning by human experience and can be viewed in several forms, including art, monuments and architecture. However, the by-products and material remains associated with the impacts of daily hunter-gatherer place-making, including food and material production as well as processing waste, are also important expressions of human experience and the construction of ‘place’. These material remains provide critical archaeological insight into how people in...
Holocene Perspectives from the Gobi Desert: New Paleoethnobotanical and Geoarchaeological Analyses at Delger Khan Uul, Mongolia (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The archaeological site of Delger Khan Uul is located in southeastern Mongolia near the eastern Gobi Desert. Today, the climate is semi-arid with cold winters and warm summers, but the region has experienced dramatic changes since the beginning of the Holocene with intervals of warm and cool periods. Utilizing lake cores we can gauge climatic trends for the...
Identifying Past Vegetation Dynamics in Xingu Indigenous Territory Using Soil Phytolith Analysis (2021)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeology in the Xingu River Basin: Long-Term Histories, Current Threats, and Future Perspectives" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper presents the preliminary hypotheses of a soil sampling programme aimed at mapping precolumbian and historic vegetation dynamics in the Xingu Indigenous Territory (TIX), Brazil. Research carried out with the Kuikuro during the last three decades has resulted in the archaeology...
An Integrated phytolith and geochemical approach to understanding activity areas and the choice of building materials in Neolithic sites using ethnographic analysis. (2015)
The Neolithic in southwest Asia is an important period in human history which saw the advent of sedentism, agriculture, and ultimately the rise of complex societies. It is also, however, one of the most poorly understood. This is partly due to problems associated with site recognition and partly because of the lack of preservation of many forms of evidence, particularly biological. As a result, many Neolithic sites are comprised of a series of structures, the construction and function of which...
Investigating Plant Management in the Tucumã (Pará-Brazil) and Monte Castelo (Rondônia- Brazil) Shell Midden using Phytoliths Analysis (2016)
This paper will address and evaluate the micro botanical remains of the Monte Castelo (9343 calB.P) shell mound in southwestern lowland Amazonia (state of Rondonia) and the sambaqui do Tucumã (7.000 -4.000 B.P) located on the southeast lower Amazon River (state of Para). The focus in identifying and evaluating the floral dietary peculiarities of these specific pre-Colombian settlements from the principle that the south and southeast Brazilian shell mound occupants are known to have had a...
Micro analyses of 17th Century adobe bricks from the "new" church at Pecos, New Mexico. (2015)
The clash of Pueblo farmers and Spanish missionaries in central New Mexico marks the transition from prehistoric maize farming to the modern era along the Rio Grande River. The interaction between Native Americans and Spanish was not totally either peaceful or confrontational. The first church, built in the 1620s, was later burned during the Pueblo Revolt when Spanish were forced to leave, then rebuilt when relations improved. Four bricks from the new church (Mission de Nuestra Senora de los...
Microarchaeology applied to foumier deposits: the use of phytoliths, spherulites and ash pseudomorphs as a tool for reconstruct livestock practices. (2016)
Fumier deposits are important sources of information to better understand past livestock practices. The Neolithic site of Los Husos II (Álava, Spain), in the upper Ebro Basin, is the oldest Basque Country site where livestock practices were detected dating to 6990-6760 cal B.P. Hence, the site offers a unique opportunity to study the adaptation of early livestock practices and their expansion to the western Pyreness, as the Ebro Basin is the main route by which the new economic system...