19th Century (Temporal Keyword)
476-500 (1,748 Records)
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The Columbia St. Cemetery Project: A Forgotten Cemetery in Downtown Springfield, Ohio (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Cemeteries and Burial Practices" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Columbia St. Cemetery Project (CSC) is a joint initiative in Springfield, Ohio bringing together a university, a charitable foundation, the city, and the community to document the city’s oldest cemetery. Located in the heart of downtown Springfield, the small site (7227 m2) is the burial ground for the earliest residents (beginning in 1812) and...
"Comfort and Satisfaction to All": Excavation of a Nineteenth-Century Coffee House (2017)
In 2015, the Missouri Department of Transportation investigated a mid-nineteenth century property formerly known as the Racine House. From 1850 until 1872, the house operated as a coffee shop, saloon, boarding house, hotel, and general gathering place for working class men. Catering almost exclusively to French-Canadian immigrants, the Racine House was one of many such "social clubs" in this heavily-Germanic neighborhood. Recent archeological excavations uncovered a pair of features located...
Commemorative Hauntings: Race, Ghosts, And Material Culture At A Civil War Prison Camp (2016)
Ghosts and other spectral forms have a history of use as literary devices for safely ‘remembering’ particularly traumatic events. Beyond the literary, in the everyday, lived world of the vernacular, ghost stories can also reveal trauma—what geographer Steve Pile refers to as a "fractured emotional geography cut across by shards of pain, loss, and injustice." Like ruins, ghosts and other haunted places are often about coming to terms with grief and with loss. Nowhere is that more true than at...
Communities in Conflict: Racialized Violence During Gradual Emancipation on Long Island (2016)
From New Amsterdam to Seneca Village, Diana diZerega Wall has examined the often-conflicting interactions of communities living in close relation. In the early nineteenth century, the nearly 30-year process of Gradual Emancipation slowly dismantled the system of slavery in New York State, but it also created the conditions for the perpetuation of inequality among closely intertwined peoples: the black and white inhabitants of eastern Long Island. Inspired by Wall’s ability to uncover the...
Community Archaeology at a Neighborhood Scale in Boston's Chinatown (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A significant Chinese immigrant wave began in Boston during the 1870’s. Throughout the next decade, a centralized Chinese community began to form downtown on Harrison, Essex, and Beach Avenues. This neighborhood allowed residents to converge on Sundays, meet with friends, buy food and supplies, and seek solace through gambling and opium. Recently, Boston’s Chinatown residents requested an...
Community Involvement in the Management of Submerged Cultural Resources on Lake Champlain (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Shipwrecks and the Public: Getting People Engaged with their Maritime History" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During the summer of 2018 the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum (LCMM) began an initiative to involve the local avocational dive community in the management of the cultural resources of Lake Champlain. Through the support of a National Maritime Heritage Grant, LCMM archaeologists began the process of training...
Community Networks at the Stanford Arboretum Chinese Workers’ Quarters (2016)
The historical response and endurance of Chinese diaspora communities in California, living with legally reified racism, is a critical component of understanding the economic and social impacts of immigration restriction. Between 1876 and 1925, the Chinese employees at the Stanford Stock Farm and Stanford University impacted the development of agriculture and infrastructure through their labor and entrepreneurship as farm workers, in construction, as gardeners, and as domestic workers. Over that...
A Comparative Study of African American Identity Creation in Antebellum New Jersey (2016)
Nineteenth century Fair Haven, New Jersey was home to an African American community that persevered through religious and structural racism. Racism that escalated to the burning of their Free-African American School house.The African American history of Fair Haven is one of gradual emancipation accompanied by gradual gentrification. This research provides an important avenue to rediscovering a long forgotten and dynamic enclave of African Americans that once existed in Fair Haven. Examination of...
A Comparison Of Collections From Six Nineteenth Century Missouri River Trade Post Sites (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In this paper I compare six nineteenth-century Missouri River trade post sites in present-day North and South Dakota. This was done using artifact collections generated in the mid-twentieth century during large-scale archaeological salvage operations. The United States colonized the region during the period studied, resulting in significant environmental and demographic changes....
Conflict Behind the Lines: Considering Civilians in Conflict Archeology (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "“We Go to Gain a Little Patch of Ground. That hath in it no profit but the name”: Revolutionary Research in Archaeologies of Conflict" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In challenging the battle-focused perception of Conflict Archeology, we need to consider the deep reach of warfare and social strife to areas away from the front lines. Archeologists have been trying to consider civilian connections to war in...
The Conservation of the Brother Jonathan Chest (2017)
Two hours into the voyage from Crescent City, California to Victoria, British Columbia in July 1865, Captain Samuel DeWolf ordered SS Brother Jonathan to set a return course. Eight miles outside of Crescent City, a wave smashed the vessel into a rock, sinking it in under an hour—along with most of the cargo and passengers. It wasn’t until the 1990s that the wreckage was rediscovered; in May 2016, a shipping crate salvaged from the wreck was sent to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research...
Conservation of the First Automobile Torpedo of the United States Navy (2016)
In March 2013, U.S. Navy-trained dolphins found a torpedo during a training session off the coast of San Diego, California. The middle and after body sections of the torpedo were recovered and identified by the Naval History and Heritage Command Underwater Archaeology Branch as a Howell torpedo, one of three known to exist in the world. This presentation describes conservation efforts to preserve this complex technological object. Partial disassembly of the torpedo allowed for effective cleaning...
The Conservation of the Monterrey A Artifacts (2015)
In the Gulf of Mexico in July of 2013, the research vessel E/V Nautilus sent the remotely operated vehicle Hercules down to a depth of over 1330m to survey and recover artifacts from an early 19th-century shipwreck known as the Monterrey A that had been surveyed the year before. They recovered more than 60 artifacts, all of which are currently being conserved and studied at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. This paper presents a survey of the techniques currently being used to...
Conservation of Waterlogged Textiles from CSS Georgia (2017)
During recovery of material from CSS Georgia, numerous textile artifacts were recovered and transported to Texas A&M University’s Conservation Research Laboratory for treatment. Unlike terrestrial locations, waterlogged sites like CSS Georgia provide a stable environment of constant temperatures, low sunlight, and minimal exposure to micro-organisms, allowing for preservation of organic material normally lost to taphonomic factors. With maritime Civil War sites like USS Monitor and H.L. Hunley...
Conserving the CSS Georgia (2017)
Over the course of the CSS Georgia project, a wide array of artifacts have been recovered, all of which are in the process of being conserved at the Texas A&M Conservation Research Laboratory. Each artifact poses its own unique challenges and in order to effectively conserve an artifact the appropriate technique must be selected. This presentation outlines the differing techniques for de-concreting wood, iron, and cuprous materials, as well as how to avoid common pitfalls that might be...
Constructing A Community Of Color: A Spatial Analysis Of New Guinea On Nantucket (2018)
In 1827, the community of New Guinea on Nantucket, MA opened the doors of the African Meeting House. The African Meeting House’s construction was a milestone event in the establishment of this thriving community of color. People of African and Native ancestry on Nantucket coupled this with buying property, building homes, starting businesses, and founding institutions to create a space that allowed them refuge from daily experiences of racism, and facilitated community resistance. By examining...
Constructing the Community: A Multi-Scalar Analysis of Runaway Slave Identity in 19th-Century Kenya (2018)
Like Maroons elsewhere in the world, runaway slaves in Kenya were thrown together by circumstance and carried diverse social experiences and cultural practices with them into freedom. Given this heterogeneity, archaeologists have grown increasingly interested in the mechanisms by which Maroons created communities of broader cultural coherence. This paper explores the creation of two communities by self-emancipated people in 19th-century Kenya, Koromio and Makoroboi. Here, I use an expanding...
Construction, Identification, and Conservation of a 19th Century Iron Cannon (2017)
There are multiple issues that must be addressed during the archaeological conservation of iron cannon from underwater environments. Due to their size and weight they are difficult to transport and handle, and their size means that the cost of materials for conservation is high. The diversification of cannon types in the 19th century necessitates highly accurate documentation and recording to insure correct identification of type. This paper outlines the methods used for the recording,...
Context Study of Quartermaster General Standardized Plans 1866-1942 - Report (1997)
This document provides a historic context statement for use in inventorying and evaluating as cultural resources thousands of standardized buildings constructed from nearly identical plans at installations throughout the continental U.S., Alaska, Hawaii, and Panama. It discusses shared characteristics, history of the Quatermaster Corps, and building types.
Contradictory Food: Dining in a New York Brothel c. 1840s (2016)
The faunal assemblages excavated from New York City’s Five Points neighborhood provided an opportunity to examine the foodways of the city’s 19th century working class. One distinct Orange Street deposit was associated with a brothel which operated in the early 1840s and seemed to reflect the contradictory nature of this occupation. While some food choices reflected the working class nature of the neighborhood, other finer foods, were selected for fancy feasts, to entertain guests or for...
The Convict Road Station Site at Wisemans Ferry: an Historical and Archaeological Investigation (1984)
In examining the contribution of the convicts to Australia's early material history, archaeologists and architectural historians usually focus on impressive, durable structures such as public buildings and bridges. The convict road station site at Wisemans Ferry presents an alternative record. It comprises the remains of the temporary, rough dwellings of the convict gangs which constructed the Great North Road between 1826 and 1836, and it is particularly valuable because of the absence of...
Convicts, Cargo, and Calamity: The Wreck of the Enchantress (2016)
From 2010-2015, the University of Rhode Island and St. Mary’s College of California conducted an underwater archaeology field school in the waters of Bermuda on a site called the "Iron Plate Wreck." Aptly named for a large block of sheet iron located at the stern, the wreck’s identity remained a mystery for over 50 years. In 2013, however, historical research provided clues to the identity of the wreck, revealing it is the Enchantress, an early 19th century British merchant vessel with a unique...
"Coon, possum, rabbit, squirrel en aw dat": A zooarchaeological investigation of foodways at Witherspoon Plantation, South Carolina (2015)
This paper examines the results of zooarchaeological analysis completed on faunal remains from Witherspoon Island, a 19th century cotton plantation in South Carolina. This research contributes to a larger ongoing historical archaeological project exploring the lives of enslaved African-Americans and their descendants on the remote absentee plantation. To examine shifting food practices at the site, we present the results of the analysis of faunal remains recovered from two house and adjacent...
Copper-Clad Ghost: The "Monterrey A Shipwreck" (2015)
Archaeological assessment and limited test excavation of the Monterrey A shipwreck provides an initial characterization of an early 19th century armed vessel whose remains are comprised of articulated two-dimensional features as well as a substantial portion of seemingly well-preserved three dimensional hull remains of the copper-sheathed hull. The form and lines of the hull are present, and with the various features, suggest that this armed vessel of approximately 200 tons was a two-masted...