Archaeology and the Evolution of the Cultural Traditions of 16th-17th Century Wendat Sites
Part of: Society for Historical Archaeology 2014
In Ontario a great deal of early contact period archaeology along the northern shore of Lake Ontario to Georgian Bay has uncovered large sites related to the settlement of this area by the Wendat Nation from circa A.D. 1500 to A.D.1649. This session will elaborate on developments that have recently occurred regarding the identification of significant Huron-Wendat sites and events. The Huron-Wendat Nation is a First Nation whose community and reserve today is located at Wendake, Quebec in Canada. The Huron-Wendat Nation were greatly tested by famine, conflicts and contagious diseases during the early contact period. Dispersed from their homeland, Huronia, after 1650 they had relocated in the province of Quebec, just north of Quebec City as well as in the United States.
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- Documents (6)
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Closing Pandora’s Box: From Salvage Archaeology to In-Situ Preservation of Contact Period Aboriginal Sites in Ontario (2014)
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The implementation of new policies in Ontario regarding archaeology signals a renewed commitment to in-situ preservation of archaeological sites in Ontario. The new policies provide opportunities for First Nations to participate in the decision making and for new partners in the effort to reverse the trend of mitigation of archaeological sites by excavation to a more sustainable model of in-situ preservation and conservation. This paper will explore the historical development and future...
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Fish and Fowl: An examination of changes in Wendat subsistence practices from the sixteenth to mid-seventeenth centuries (2014)
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Located north of Orr Lake, Ontario, the Ellery site has been tentatively identified as Scanonaenrat, the principle village of the Tahontaenrat (Deer Nation) of the Wendat confederacy. Recent excavations by Laurentian University field schools have demonstrated that the site is multi-component; a mid-seventeenth century village was built in about the same location as a Wendat settlement that is about one hundred years older. In this paper we compare faunal remains from the two occupations with the...
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Incorporating historic archaeology to inform osteological interpretations of the Kleinburg ossuary skeletal collection (2014)
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The Kleinburg ossuary is a protohistoric ossuary excavated in 1970 by the University of Toronto. The skeletal collection comprises a minimum of 561 individuals who are ancestral to the Huron-Wendat. The collection represents an ideal study population to test bioarchaeological questions due to the associated ethnohistoric records, as well as previous osteological, stable isotopic, and paleoethnobotanical studies.Described as two of the most common pathological conditions observed in human...
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Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, a late 17th century Wendat mission in the Quebec city area (2014)
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In the early 1980’s, some excavations revealed the remains of the < Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Lorette >build in 1674 in L’Ancienne-Lorette, near Quebec city, by Father Chaumonot. This chapel was at the center of a late 17th century mission mainly occupied by Huron/Wendat. One as to remember that this chapel was built on the model of the Loretto church in Italy, a church that has been partly built with materials taken from the home of the Holy Family in Jerusalem. So, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette was a...
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Respecting the Past: Archaeology and Aboriginal Burial Grounds (2014)
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In September 2013, the creation of a large burial ground resulted from the aftermath of decades of archaeological investigations by the University of Toronto in the twentieth century. These projects were related to studying the burial practices and conducting population studies of the Wendat in Ontario. These large, mass burial pits known as ossuaries were observed historically by French explorers and missionaries (e.g. Samuel Champlain, Gabriel Sagard). This paper will discuss the development...
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Wendat Use of Introduced Copper-Base Metal: Evolution of forms and motifs from the Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries (2014)
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European-introduced smelted copper and/or brass kettles and sheet metal were used as raw material by Native peoples in Northeastern North America beginning with their earliest contacts and it continued to be used well into the Colonial period. This material was recycled from the introduced shapes into forms, such as aglets, tubular beads and triangular projectile points, which were more useful to their creators. This paper presents the analysis of twelve assemblages of copper-base metal...