Hawikku and Kechiba:wa Mortuary Data: Inhumation Body Treatment Raw Data and Multiple Correspondence Analysis Scores
Part of the Interactions with the Incorporeal in the Mississippian and Ancestral Puebloan Worlds project
Creator(s): M Scott Thompson; Todd L. Howell; Keith Kintigh; Brenda Shears
Year: 2013
Summary
In the dissertation titled "Interactions with the Incorporeal in the Mississippian and Ancestral Puebloan Worlds," the author analyzed the Hawikku and Kechiba:wa Mortuary Data: Inhumation Body Treatment data set in an examination of the performance of mortuary ritual at Protohistoric period Zuni villages. The analysis of body treatment and the larger consideration of mortuary ritual were designed to understand the identities of the spirits of the dead in Mississippian period villages of the Georgia Coast and in Protohistoric era Zuni villages. Please see the dissertation for details about the analysis and analysis procedures: http://core.tdar.org/project/380979.
The Hawikku and Kechiba:wa Inhumation Body Treatment data set was analyzed to evaluate whether particular body treatments selectively memorialized elect members of the dead, or body treatment memorialized nearly all the dead uniformly. The data were used in a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), which helps to characterize the relative differentiation and/or uniformity of body treatments. MCA is a multivariate statistical procedure that places cases (e.g., burials) with similar attributes (e.g., body treatment attributes) close to each other in a low-dimensional space; it places cases with different attributes far apart from each other in this space.
The Hawikku and Kechiba:wa inhumation body treatment analysis and MCA are presented in the dissertation's Chapter 6 "Prehispanic Ancestral Spirits of Hawikku and Kechiba:wa." The graphical results of the MCA are presented in Figures 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, and 6.11.
The Hawikku and Kechiba:wa Inhumation Body Treatment data were extracted for analysis from the study's primary aggregated mortuary data set, available at the following URL: http://core.tdar.org/dataset/380985. These data include all cases that were used in the study's analysis. In addition, it includes all body treatment variables and the treatment (variable) attributes used in the MCA.
The Hawikku and Kechiba:wa inhumation body treatment data set that is curated here contains two data sheets: 1) the raw data used in the MCA, and 2) the resulting metrics from the MCA. The raw data record individual body treatment variables (e.g., articulation, body position, posture, orientation, etc.), with multiple categorical variable states (i.e., attributes) for each variable. These data were passed into the SPSS 20 MCA algorithm to create a graphical representation of the relative similarity and/or differences in body treatment among individual sets of remains. Please see the dissertation's Figures 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, and 6.11.
The resulting metrics from the inhumation body treatment MCA contain data that pertain to the production of the MCA graphical space and to the additional analysis/interpretation of that space. Foremost, this data sheet contains each burial's MCA object score (i.e., each burial's coordinates for placement in the two-dimensional space). Second, it contains each burial's k-means cluster assignment (if applicable) within the coordinate space. Finally, it contains additional demographic and attribute data that may be useful for further exploration of mortuary patterning in the MCA space.
Cite this Record
Hawikku and Kechiba:wa Mortuary Data: Inhumation Body Treatment Raw Data and Multiple Correspondence Analysis Scores. M Scott Thompson, Todd L. Howell, Keith Kintigh, Brenda Shears. 2013 ( tDAR id: 391948) ; doi:10.6067/XCV83779N6
Restricted Access Some or all of this resource's attached file(s) are not publicly accessible.
Data Set Structure
Table Information: MCA coordinates
Column Name | Data Type | Type | Category | Coding Sheet | Ontology | Search |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MCA Dimension 2 | The Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) score (i.e., object score) along Dimension 1. The score was returned from an MCA procedure on body treatment variables in SPSS 20. To view the MCA scatterplot of burial cases (arranged according to similarities and differences in body treatment), create a plot of Dimension 1 scores on the x-axis and Dimension 2 scores on the y-axis. | |||||
DOUBLE | Uncoded Value | uncategorized | none | none | true | |
Feature Number | The feature number that was assigned to each burial. The lettered prefixes designate the site: "Hwk" = Hawikku, "Kchp" = Kechiba:wa (Kechipawan). The number is the number assigned to the burial feature in the field. | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Provenience and Context : Feature ID/Number | none | none | true | |
MCA Dimension 1 | The Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) score (i.e., object score) along Dimension 1. The score was returned from an MCA procedure on body treatment variables in SPSS 20. To view the MCA scatterplot of burial cases (arranged according to similarities and differences in body treatment), create a plot of Dimension 1 scores on the x-axis and Dimension 2 scores on the y-axis. | |||||
DOUBLE | Uncoded Value | uncategorized | none | none | true |
Table Information: raw data
Column Name | Data Type | Type | Category | Coding Sheet | Ontology | Search |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Column #14 | BIGINT | Uncoded Value | uncategorized | none | none | true |
Column #13 | BIGINT | Uncoded Value | uncategorized | none | none | true |
Note | This column contains about the variables which were "active" in an MCA of body treatment, and which variables were supplementary. | |||||
BIGINT | Uncoded Value | uncategorized | none | none | true | |
Feature Number | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Provenience and Context : Feature ID/Number | none | none | true |
Site name | Hwk = Hawikku; Kech = Kechiba:wa (Kechipawan) | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Provenience and Context : Site | none | none | true | |
Cemetery | In their synthesis of the Hawikku excavations, Smith et al. (1966) designated separate, large burial clusters at Hawikku as cemeteries and assigned them numbers. Howell (1994) determined that the cemeteries were, in fact, discrete spatial units, and that they were likely kin-based spatial units. Keith Kintigh and Brenda Shears have assigned similar clusters of burials at Kechiba:wa to cemeteries. KechR = Kechiba:wa Room_followed by room number | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Provenience and Context : Locus | none | none | true | |
Sex | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Skeletal : Sex | none | none | true |
Age | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Skeletal : Age | none | none | true |
Remains Present | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Skeletal : Completeness | none | none | true |
Body Posture | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Body Posture | none | none | true |
Body Position | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Body Position/Flexure | none | none | true |
Cranial Orientation | VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Orientation/Alignment | none | none | true |
Wrapped and/or Covered | This variable records if the body was wrapped and/or covered in preparation for burial. If the remains were wrapped and/or covered, it records the type of wrapping and/or covering. | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Body Preparation | none | none | true | |
Capped and/or Lined | This variable records if the body was placed in a feature that covered the body with a capping or surrounded it with a lining. If the remains were capped or surrounded by a lining, it records the type of capping material and/or lining. | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Burial Facility | none | none | true | |
Pigment | This variable records if the body was associated with any pigments. Unfortunately, it does not distinguish whether the pigment was applied to the body or was merely placed in the burial feature as a raw material. Future research should make this distinction. If the remains were associated with pigment, it records the color(s) of the pigment(s). | |||||
VARCHAR | Uncoded Value | Human Burial : Body Preparation | none | none | true |
Keywords
Culture
Ancestral Puebloan
•
Zuni
Material
Human Remains
Site Name
Hawikku
•
Kechipawan
Site Type
Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
•
Room Block / Compound / Pueblo
•
Town / City
Investigation Types
Bioarchaeological Research
•
Collections Research
General
Mortuary Analysis
Temporal Keywords
Protohistoric Period
Temporal Coverage
Calendar Date: 1400 to 1600
Spatial Coverage
min long: -109.019; min lat: 34.972 ; max long: -108.693; max lat: 35.149 ;
Individual & Institutional Roles
Contact(s): M Scott Thompson
File Information
Name | Size | Creation Date | Date Uploaded | Access | |
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Zuni-Inhumation-Body-Treatment_All-prehistoric-inhumations_MCA... | 65.11kb | Jan 31, 2014 12:41:46 PM | Confidential | ||
Translated version Zuni-Inhumation-Body-Treatment_All-prehistoric-inhumations_MCA...
(237.50kb)
Data column(s) in this dataset have been associated with coding sheet(s) and translated:
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Accessing Restricted Files
At least one of the files for this resource is restricted from public view. For more information regarding access to these files, please reference the contact information below
Contact(s): M Scott Thompson