Virginia (State / Territory) (Geographic Keyword)
1,876-1,900 (9,361 Records)
This is an abstract from the "Working on the 19th-Century" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Scholars have employed Ingold’s concept of the taskscape in order to understand how past population interacted with their landscape. In a historic context, taskscape connections between past populations and their landscape become harder to understand due to commodity fetishism, when the capitalist market both spatially and socially alienates those using an...
Commoditization, Consumption and Interpretive Complexity: The Contingent Role of Cowries in the Early Modern World (2016)
The commoditization of cowrie shells in the 17th and 18th centuries was central to the economics of the consumer revolution of the early modern world. Cowries drove the Africa trade that cemented economic relationships between rulers, investors, merchants, and planters in Asia, Africa, Europe and North America. From their origins in the Pacific, to the markets of India, from Europe to West Africa, and from West Africa to the New World, cowries played a central role as both commodities and...
Commodity Culture: the formation, exchange, and negotiation of Early Republican Period identity on a periphery of the Spanish Empire in Western El Salvador (2017)
During the Early Republican Period, the sugar industry increasingly connected a fledgling Salvadoran country to a global market. A creolized labor force produced sugar on large estates known as haciendas. The hacienda was a crossroads of indigenous, African, and European interests as evidenced in the ceramic landscapes of the Río Ceniza Valley. The extensive organization of labor, on a periphery of the Spanish Empire, was underscored by a complex set of power relations. This research focuses on...
Common Men in Uncommon Times: Examining Archaeological and Historical Evidence to Reconstruct the Daily Lives of Civil War Sailors (2015)
The American Civil War was a tumultuous period in history for the United States, forcing brother against brother in a battle over the secession of the Confederate States. To study the Civil War sailor, a wealth of archival information exists in the form of personal narratives. Like their ships, naval crews were very much a reflection of where they were built and supplied. This paper extracts evidence for shipboard life from these sources and seeks to contextualize the daily lives of sailors...
Commoners, Tribute, and Chiefs: the Development of Algonquian Culture in the Potomac Valley (1993)
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Communities in Conflict: Racialized Violence During Gradual Emancipation on Long Island (2016)
From New Amsterdam to Seneca Village, Diana diZerega Wall has examined the often-conflicting interactions of communities living in close relation. In the early nineteenth century, the nearly 30-year process of Gradual Emancipation slowly dismantled the system of slavery in New York State, but it also created the conditions for the perpetuation of inequality among closely intertwined peoples: the black and white inhabitants of eastern Long Island. Inspired by Wall’s ability to uncover the...
Communities of Culture on the Early American Frontier: Investigating the Daniel Baum Family, Carroll County, Indiana (2018)
Daniel and Ascenith Baum arrived in Carroll County, Indiana on a keel boat in April 1825. One of the pioneering families in the region, the Baum residence quickly became a social entrepôt. The first store in the county was opened in one of the Baum cabins, the first courts were held in the Baum house, and travelers coming up the Wabash River regularly stopped at the Baum’s. The Baum farm, then, was a focal point for the development of a community identity for the region’s early settlers. This...
Community Archaeology and Collaborative Interpretation at a Rosenwald School (2018)
Of more than 5,000 Rosenwald Schools built during the 20th century in the southern United States, the Fairview School in Cave Spring, Georgia was constructed to provide an educational facility for the local African-American community. Following the site’s rediscovery in 2009, the local Cave Spring community and alumni of Fairview have spearheaded efforts to preserve and interpret Fairview’s historic campus. Most of the buildings located on the Fairview campus were demolished, originally...
Community Archaeology and the Criminal Past: Exploring a Detroit Speakeasy (2016)
Community-engaged archaeology has played a role in reshaping the city of Detroit’s popular heritage narrative from one of decline and decay to one more rich and complex. In 2013, archaeologists from Wayne State University investigated Tommy's Bar, a rumored Prohibition-era speakeasy and haunt of the infamous Purple Gang. The project was a partnership between the University, a historic preservation non-profit, and the bar's owner. The project culminated in a theme party where archaeologists...
Community Archaeology at a Neighborhood Scale in Boston's Chinatown (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A significant Chinese immigrant wave began in Boston during the 1870’s. Throughout the next decade, a centralized Chinese community began to form downtown on Harrison, Essex, and Beach Avenues. This neighborhood allowed residents to converge on Sundays, meet with friends, buy food and supplies, and seek solace through gambling and opium. Recently, Boston’s Chinatown residents requested an...
Community Archaeology in Action: The Partnership Between NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary and the Battle of the Atlantic Research and Expedition Group (2016)
In the three-plus years of its existence, the Battle of the Atlantic Research and Expedition Group has been engaged in a mutually-beneficial partnership with NOAA’s Monitor National Marine Sanctuary. The Group, which is a part of the Institute of Maritime History, a 501(c)3 educational nonprofit corporation, is made up nearly exclusively of avocational archaeologists and historians all of whom are sport, or recreational, scuba divers. Yet since its founding in late 2012, it has conducted or...
Community Archaeology, Essentializing Identity, and Racializing the Past (2018)
As anthropologically guided archaeologists, we like to think we are beyond searching for romanticized images of "Natives," "Africans," or any essentialized "other," but despite our best efforts, we still fall victim to its simplicity. Collaborating with descendent communities broadens our perspective, but their perceptions of the past and their ancestors can further complicate the dilemma. This paper explores two mixed-heritage communities in Setauket and Amityville, both on Long Island, New...
Community Archeology with Descendants of the Enslaved at an Arkansas Plantation (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Hollywood Plantation in southeast Arkansas was a place where over 100 enslaved African Americans labored to improve the land and generate profits for their enslavers for decades following the cession of Indian lands there in 1818. Following Emancipation, the enslaver and his descendants converted the plantation into a profitable business exploiting the...
Community Collaboration is Commemoration at the Arboretum Chinese Labor Quarters (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Arming the Resistance: Recent Scholarship in Chinese Diaspora Archaeology" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Models of community archaeology generally use collaboration as a foundation for a future commemoration. In practice, the process of collaboration is itself an act of commemoration. The Arboretum Chinese Labor Quarters, on Stanford University’s campus, is a site where Chinese employees lived as they...
Community Displacement and the Creation of a 'City Beautiful' at Roosevelt Park, Detroit (2016)
Michigan Central Station and Roosevelt Park were constructed between 1908 and 1918 as part of Detroit’s City Beautiful Movement. The construction process was a place-making effort designed to implant order on the urban landscape that involved the displacement of a community who represented everything that city planners sought to erase from Detroit’s city center: overcrowding, poverty, immigrants, and transient populations. Current historical archaeological research reveals how the existing...
Community Formation, Consumption, and Gender at Camp Nelson’s ‘Home for Colored Refugees’ (2013)
Following the tragic expulsion of four hundred African-American women and children from Camp Nelson, KY in November 1864, of which 102 died, these refugees were allowed to return and the ‘Home for Colored Refugees’ was constructed. This expulsion also led to the emancipation of these refugees by the Congressional Act of March 3, 1865. By the summer of 1865 this ‘Home’ housed over 3000 former slaves who lived in a variety of housing, including duplex cottages, tents, dormitories, and home-made...
Community from the Ground Up: Launching the 1857 Slave Dwelling Project at Thomas Jefferson’s Poplar Forest (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Ongoing work at Thomas Jefferson’s Poplar Forest strives to explore the history and legacy of those who shaped the landscape of this National Historic Landmark, beginning in the 1760s and continuing through Emancipation. This includes collaborative efforts with members of the local African American community to explore historic sites, families, and...
Community Involvement in the Management of Submerged Cultural Resources on Lake Champlain (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Shipwrecks and the Public: Getting People Engaged with their Maritime History" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During the summer of 2018 the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum (LCMM) began an initiative to involve the local avocational dive community in the management of the cultural resources of Lake Champlain. Through the support of a National Maritime Heritage Grant, LCMM archaeologists began the process of training...
Community Networks at the Stanford Arboretum Chinese Workers’ Quarters (2016)
The historical response and endurance of Chinese diaspora communities in California, living with legally reified racism, is a critical component of understanding the economic and social impacts of immigration restriction. Between 1876 and 1925, the Chinese employees at the Stanford Stock Farm and Stanford University impacted the development of agriculture and infrastructure through their labor and entrepreneurship as farm workers, in construction, as gardeners, and as domestic workers. Over that...
The Community of Chase Home: Institutional and Material Components of Children’s Lived Spaces in Victorian Portsmouth (2016)
The Chase Home for Children opened in 1883, housed in an immigrant-rich neighborhood of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The Home accepted children, "without distinction of race, creed, or color*" who needed temporary or long-term care and housing. Chase Home was guided by tenants of the Progressive Era and supported solely by the local community, at a time before state welfare was available. In contrast to single religious denomination orphanages typical in Victorian America, or strict reformatory...
Community-Based Archaeology in the Bahamas: Linking Landscape and Memory (2018)
In 1871, the last owner of the Millars Plantation Estate on Eleuthera, Bahamas left a portion of the former plantation acreage to the descendants of her former slaves and servants. In the intervening 175 years since emancipation in the Bahamas and the 125 years since the property transferred to "generation land", south Eleuthera has experienced a series of economic transformations and demographic transitions. Despite these changes, the Millars descendant community maintains their connection to...
Community-Based Explorations of "Schooling" at the Grand Ronde Reservation (2018)
In 1856, members of twenty-seven Bands and Tribes were removed to what today is known as the Grand Ronde Reservation in northwestern Oregon. Like other Indigenous adolescents, children at Grand Ronde were sent to schools driven by assimilationist policies as part of a broader project of Euro-American colonialism. However, unlike many others, they attended school on the reservation, closer to their homes. From the mid-nineteenth through the mid-twentieth century, five different schools are...
A Community-Engaging Data Recovery of the Fennell Plantation: A Journey from Enslavement to Black Landownership in North Alabama (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. New South Associates (NSA) conducted a Phase III Archaeological Data Recovery of the Fennell Plantation (Site 1MA840) on Redstone Arsenal (RSA) in Madison County, Alabama. The site occupation spans nearly 100 years (1843-1942) and records the transition from enslavement to Black landownership in North Alabama. Data recovery efforts involved a...
Como la paja del páramo: Everyday Traditions on the Hacienda Guachalá, Ecuador (2016)
The post-independence period (post-1830) of Ecuador and Latin America presented profound socio-political transformations, catalyzing intense debate over the meaning of citizenship and equality for marginalized indigenous populations. Many of these changes manifested on agricultural estates known as haciendas, which often became spaces of direct political actions such as uprisings led by female indigenous activists Dolores Cacuango and Tránsito Amanguaña in the Cayambe area of Ecuador. These...
The Company’s Feast: Commensality And Managerial Capitalism (2016)
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries many mining companies in the American West provided their employees with housing and boarding arrangements, even recreational green spaces and company-sponsored festivities on holidays. Daily meals offered by some mining companies were a part of larger managerial capitalist policies common during this period. These meals placed the necessity of eating under a company roof and at a company table with foods purchased with company funds. The town...