North America (Geographic Keyword)
3,226-3,250 (3,610 Records)
As historical archaeologists, we use historical documentation while also frequently claiming that our work "gives voice to the voiceless." For a decade, Archaeology in Annapolis has been excavating at Wye House on Maryland’s Eastern Shore in an attempt to highlight the lives of enslaved—later freed—Africans and African Americans on the plantation. However, our work of "giving voice" runs into the issue that the most dominant voice from this site comes from Frederick Douglass, who shares his...
"This is the Way Things are Run": Land Use on the Grand Portage Reservation During Office of Indian Affairs Occupation, 1854-1930 (2018)
The Grand Portage Reservation in the northeastern tip of Minnesota is home to the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa (Ojibwe). Until recently, no research at Grand Portage has analyzed the extent to which the Office of Indian Affairs (OIA) exerted psychological and physical control over Ojibwe residents. Historic documentation, artifact assemblages, and paleobotanical data in the form of phytoliths constitute the three main lines of evidence used to interpret land use and plant use at...
"This law is no good": Excavating the Appeal of Right-Wing Populism in Rural New York (2018)
Polls conducted by Reuters-Ipsos after the 2016 election revealed that 75% of American voters wanted "a strong leader to take the country back from the rich and powerful," and 68% agreed that "traditional parties and politicians don’t care about people like [them]." A brand of right-wing populism emerged to speak to these concerns, and ultimately it helped deliver Trump to power. In this paper, I explore the roots of the appeal of this political movement in one rural region that voted...
"This strange spirit of procrastination": Alcohol and medicine at Charles Carroll Jr.’s Homewood (2018)
Using historical and archaeological sources focused on medicine and alcohol use at Homewood in Baltimore, Maryland, this paper tells a multi-layered story of the final years of Charles Carroll Jr. Following the completion of his house in 1806, Carroll, son of a Maryland signatory of the Declaration of Independence, began a long descent into alcoholism; by 1814, it had fully taken hold of him. He died nearly a decade later. This is also a story about the effects of national trade restrictions...
Thomas Jefferson’s Acquisition of Transfer Printed Ceramics for Poplar Forest (2016)
Archaeological research at Poplar Forest, Thomas Jefferson’s retreat home in Bedford County Virginia, has revealed numerous transfer printed pearlware patterns on ceramic vessels interpreted as being owned by Jefferson. Despite their mass produced nature, the imagery on these ceramics connects very closely to the aesthetics he tried to achieve in the design of the house and landscape. Did Jefferson or a member of his household, seek out specific patterns through specialized merchants or was the...
Thomas T. Tucker: A Beached US Liberty Ship in Cape Point Nature Reserve, South Africa (2015)
Thomas Tucker, a US Liberty ship operated by the Merchants and Miners Company on behalf of the US Maritime Commission, was part of the 42-ship convoy carrying material to the African Front during World War II. The ship was reported lost in action – torpedoed at Cape Point. The cargo included 25 Sherman tanks, 16 tank cars, 200 motor vehicles, and barbed wire. This disarticulated beach shipwreck site provides an ideal educational opportunity for students to conduct basic pre-disturbance...
Thorny-Headed Worm Infection in North American Prehistoric Man (1969)
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"Those Who Intend To Make Chicago Their Permanent Or Temporary Home": Chicago's Nikkei Community And Urban Landscape, 1940s - 1950s (2018)
Chicago's Nikkei community changed significantly from 1943 through the 1950s as "resettlers" from incarceration camps, military personnel, and, later, "war brides" joined the city's formerly small Nikkei population. The resulting community incorporated Japanese Americans from a wide range of geographic and economic backgrounds, many of whom had undergone wartime incarceration. Salient aspects of Japanese American life in Chicago such as housing, employment, and burial were affected by local...
Threads across the Ocean: Investigating European Cloth in New France through Lead Seal Analysis (2017)
This presentation will seek to highlight the use of lead seals ("bale seals") as documentary artifacts that reveal pertinent information relative to the varieties of cloth and merchant networks once connected with archaeological sites. Used in the 17-18th centuries to mark merchandise, especially cloth, these metal tags are found in Europe and at European colonial sites, where they remain as silent witnesses to the markets and consumers of the past. Their markings and imprints give us a glimpse...
Three Decades of Identification: Advances in Civil War Bioarchaeology (2016)
In 1988, archaeologist Stephen Potter supervised the excavation of four battlefield burials found by relic collectors on the Roulette farm of Antietam Battlefield. Archival research into the discovery location, and the analysis of the artifacts and meager bone fragments, linked these men to the Irish Brigade. Nearly thirty years later, Civil War human remains continue to be the subject of inquiry. This review cites examples from several Civil War sites and contexts to illustrate how the process...
Three In One: New Archaeological Investigations on the Site of Jamestown's Last Three Churches (2018)
Shortly after acquiring part of Jamestown Island in the 1890s, founders of the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities conducted excavations around the Jamestown church tower and churchyard. The 1901-1902 excavation records and drawings indicated that they uncovered foundations, tile and brick floors, tombstones, and burials associated with three churches. The earliest foundation was interpreted as the 1617 church, where the first General Assembly met in 1619. The second...
Three Lives of Belair Plantation: Colonial Governor’s Retreat to Gentleman Farmer’s Racing Stable (2017)
Belair began in the 1740s as the plantation of Samuel Ogle, one of Maryland’s proprietary governors and a prominent member of one of the colony’s most influential extended families. Field archaeology and archival research identified two significant alterations to the mansion and curtilage: removal of surrounding dependencies and construction of a telescoping addition in the early 19th-century, and removal of the addition and construction of flanking hyphens and wings in the early 20th century,...
The Three Phases of Sans Souci: Geophysical Survey and Archaeological Testing at the Palace of Henry Christophe, Haiti (2016)
The royal palace of Sans Souci anchored elite attempts to inculcate royal power and authority in the Kingdom of Haiti, a fledgling state that emerged out of the turmoil of the Haitian Revolution. Despite the role this site has played in the production of historical memory in Haiti, negligible archaeological work has been carried out to study building chronology and the organization of space at Sans Souci. In the summer of 2015, an international team from the University of California, Santa Cruz,...
Three-Dimensional Recording: Reconstruction and Artifact Interpretation (2017)
Three-dimensional technologies have provided new ways to record, reconstruct, and distribute the information gathered during fieldwork and subsequent study. This paper will overview the ongoing methodologies used to document and interpret the Egadi 10 ramming warship through theoretical reconstruction in Rhino and Orca3D as well as the importance of using contributory reconstruction to produce new research questions. It will also discuss how additional recording techniques, employed during the...
Three-Dimensional Structural Recording of HMS Investigator at 74° North (2013)
Given the excellent state of preservation of the Investigator, three-dimensional hull recording was a key aim of the 2011 survey. At the outset this posed significant logistical and archaeological challenges on account of the site’s remoteness and uncertainty over how much diving time would be achievable (if at all) due to ice cover. The project team travelled to the far north prepared for a range of methods from standard hand mapping to a novel underwater three-dimensional laser scanner. This...
Through a Mirror Darkly:Colonial Forts in Materiality and Memory (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Colonial Forts in Comparative, Global, and Contemporary Perspective", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The name “Fort Kaskaskia” has been applied to two adjacent colonial forts in Illinois, one French (11R326) and one American (11R612). Through time the separate identities of the two forts became conflated into one (11R326), whose still visible remains have served as a focal point for American commemorative...
Through the Lens: Photographic Recordation of the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery Excavations (2017)
Photography is an integral part of the archeological recordation process. This paper compares and contrasts the photographic methods of the 1991/1992 Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (MCPFC) excavations and the 2013 MCPFC excavations. In each case, the photographic record preserves the original burial context and is useful for analysis after that context is destroyed. The differences between the photographic methods of the 1991/92 excavations and the 2013 excavations represent not only...
Tides And Times: Highs And Lows Of The Waterfront Wharf At Brunswick Town (2016)
The waterfront area of Brunswick Town, a small but important transatlantic port on the Cape Fear River, was a major shipping and commercial center for southeastern North Carolina. The major export of tar, pitch, and turpentine to British controlled areas helped established this town for naval supplies. In his original investigations of Brunswick Town, Stanley South noted ballast stone piles in the river that might be evidence of up to five colonial wharves. At one of these locations, river front...
Tides of Celadon: Glaze Developments in the Edgefield Pottery District, SC (2015)
Large alkaline glaze stoneware vessels from the Edgefield District of South Carolina have long been studied by ceramic historians and collectors. Manufactured by enslaved laborers in the antebellum period, these vessels were sold throughout the South. Historians and collectors have speculated that a lighter green glaze, called celadon, was manufactured earlier than a darker green-brown glaze. This assertion has not been tested systematically using available archaeological evidence. Excavations...
"The Time Has Come," the Walrus Said, "To Talk of Many Things: Of Shoes and Ships - and Sealing Wax - of Cabbages and Kings" and Twenty-five Years of the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery Project. (2017)
This paper provides a retrospective look at the political, regulatory, methodological, and ethical conundrums that characterize ongoing research that emerged from an archeological recovery contract completed in 1992. Today, the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (MCPFC) project has developed into a multifaceted research initiative focused on one of the largest systematically excavated and permanently curated collections of osteological and material culture remains in the United States. Since...
Time Jumpers: Inspiring Archaeological Stewardship Through Classroom Programming (2018)
Time Jumpers is a classroom initiative designed for middle school students within southeast Michigan inspired by an array of educational outreach programs across the country. Implemented by Wayne State University archaeology student volunteers and faculty, this portable learning program is run as part of the Unearthing Detroit Project which focuses upon collections-based research and public archaeology in Detroit, MI. Time Jumpers integrates hands-on activities, artifact interpretation, and...
Time Pieces: The Use of Historic Maps in Transportation Archaeology (2018)
Landscapes can possess historical values coming from the full range of human history. Because the recognition and definition of archaeological resources is broad and not always well understood, identification and evaluation of such resources at the Phase I level must be made carefully, especially under the contexts of Section 106 compliance. The use of a variety of historic cartographic sources has proven extremely valuable in identifying, defining, and assessing these cultural resources. While...
Time-Geography in the Texas Frontier: Exploring The Topology of Difference at Fort Davis (2017)
Social life in the Fort Davis community was cleaved along ethnic, racial and gendered differences, which were reinforced in the forts architectural layout. The scale of interaction along these social fault lines has been studied in many ways, but the role of the topography in structuring interaction at the fort has not been fully explored. Rather than taking the spatial configuration at Fort Davis as a natural fact, we develop a deep particularism, to determine how entrained geology conditions...
Tlithlow Station: Puget’s Sound Agricultural Company and the Aftermath of the Oregon Boundary Dispute (2016)
Recent archaeological investigations at Joint Base Lewis-McChord in western Washington state have confirmed the location of Tlithlow (site 45PI492), a Puget’s Sound Agricultural Company (PSAC) outstation that operated between circa 1847 and 1858. As a subsidiary of the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC), the PSAC supplied agricultural products to HBC posts and promoted British settlement of territory that was jointly occupied by Great Britain and the United States until 1846. After the boundary...
"To Advance Learning and Perpetuate it to Posterity": New Narratives from the Harvard Yard Archaeological Collections (2016)
Several systematic excavations have been carried out in Harvard Yard since the late 1970s, focusing on different locations, including the Old College, Holden Chapel, and, most recently, the Indian College. These projects have produced significant collections that exist in a variety of forms and conditions. Despite challenges, with attention, these finds can provide a rich, robust data set. New perspectives and analyses are enhancing our understandings of life at the college as it transitioned...