North Dakota (State / Territory) (Geographic Keyword)
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This paper explores the concept of fear as a useful theoretical abstraction to help understand the social anxiety of life on the island of Antigua during the eighteenth century. Fear comes from a tripartite of internal stress caused by the large enslaved population on the island, external stress coming from the constant threat of invasion by other colonial powers in the Caribbean as well as the ever present danger of dying from the withering effects of the tropics—disease. Archaeologically,...
The Landscape of Slavery within Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village: The Pavilion VI Garden (2016)
Thomas Jefferson's Academical Village was built, operated and maintained on the labor of enslaved African Americans. The University of Virginia's unique built environment, the context of slavery within larger central Virginia, and the responsibilities of the white faculty and staff who supervised the operation of the educational institution created a context for slavery unlike other academic institutions. This paper will focus on the landscape of slavery in the nineteenth-century University of...
Landscape Perspective on Cowboy Life and Ranching Along the Southern High Plains Eastern Escarpment of Northwestern Texas (2016)
Cattle ranching is an important part of the heritage of many former frontier regions, yet are informed primarily by a few first-hand accounts and biographies of successful ranches or famous cattlemen. Examining the relationship between ranching-related material culture recovered archaeologically and the landscape is a first step towards constructing a landscape view of ranching heritage that is missing within the present literature. Research at Macy Locality 16 (~1890-1920), located near a...
Landscape Preference and Pre-Contact Site Location Modeling in the Central Plains, USA. (2017)
The Cultural Resource program at Fort Riley provides an ideal setting for developing and testing models for Pre-Contact settlement within the Flint Hills region of the Central Plains. Pre-Contact populations utilized the patchy environmental resources available within the Flint Hills by means of specialized activity locations in varying topographic zones. Many of these small sites have been identified through extensive pedestrian surveys of the Fort Riley Installation. These survey data have...
A Landscape Revealed: New Analysis of Surface Finds from Fort Delaware (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "“We Go to Gain a Little Patch of Ground. That hath in it no profit but the name”: Revolutionary Research in Archaeologies of Conflict" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. From 1993 to 1996, Delaware State Park employees conducted a shoreline survey of the quickly eroding beaches around Fort Delaware, a Civil War prisoner camp located on Pea Patch Island in the Delaware River. By the mid-1990s, erosion exposed...
The Landscape through Nat Turner’s Eyes (2018)
Landscape, to some degree, is in the eye of the beholder. In the late summer of 1831 in Southampton, Virginia, enslaved African Nat Turner led one of the largest slave revolts in U.S. history. Devoutly religious, Turner believed God summoned him to violently rise up against the white master class to end slavery. Where once Turner had gazed upon a bleak rural landscape of captivity—farms, fields, and woods, intersected by dirt roads and footpaths, as he led his insurrection, Turner saw the...
Landscape Transformation and Use at the Harrison Gray Otis House in Boston's West End (2016)
The Harrison Gray Otis House, owned and managed by Historic New England, was built in Boston’s West End in 1796, and is significant for being the only surviving free-standing, late eighteenth century mansion in the city. PAL recently completed excavations in the extant yard space for the Otis House and 14 and 16 Lynde Street, formerly the site of two circa 1840 townhouses. The feature complex uncovered during fieldwork illustrates the increasing complexity and fragmentation of the West End as it...
Landscape, Public Archaeology, and Memory (2016)
People engage with place and space in profound and commonplace ways, deriving and creating meaning from the environment around them. People and spaces are co-created: while people imbue the landscape with meaning, those same meanings come to shape the people themselves. Basso (1996) refers this process as a sensing of place. Archaeologists and other anthropologists have long recognized the central role the landscape plays in the processes of memory creation and retention as well...
Landscapes of Battle and the Search for the Missing (2017)
The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is the governmental entity tasked with the investigation, recovery, identification, and accounting for U.S. military members that have gone missing during conflict, while in service. This effort follows stringent scientific archaeologically-based protocols and practices, proving some degree of success especially for the resolution of incidents involving single-event site types such as aircraft crashes or burials. The archaeologist faces a challenging,...
Landscapes of Desire: Mapping the Brothels of 1880s Washington, DC (2016)
From 1860-1915, brothels were prominantly loaced within Washington, DC’s urban landscape. This paper focuses on brothels in 1880s Washington, examining the spatial dynamics of the main brothel neighborhood, the Hooker’s Division. I argue that experiences of Hooker’s Division brothels were shaped by the space within the city that the neighborhood occupied, and simultaneously, Washington’s sex workers contested social norms thereby changing the symbolic implications and tangible reality of the...
Landscapes of Economic Liberalism: Archaeological Survey of the Muskingum River Navigation in Southeast Ohio (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Roads, Rivers, Rails and Trails (and more): The Archaeology of Linear Historic Properties" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Muskingum River Navigation, a slackwater canal system constructed from 1837-1841, made use of the natural topography of southeastern Ohio to transport agricultural and commercial products from the regional interior to the Ohio River. The first slackwater canal system built in the...
Landscapes of Forgetting and the Materiality of Enslavement: Using Class, Ethnicity, and Gender to Search for the Invisible on a Post-Colonial French Houselot in the Illinois Country (2017)
Elizabeth Scott has spent many years working in Francophone settings on subjects connected to identity. She has been especially interested in the social makeup of such communities. In honor of Dr. Scott, I will focus on the materiality of enslavement within a houselot in the French town of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri. Forgetfulness can be a violent act. Modern landscapes and historical narratives of Ste. Genevieve, Missouri similarly reflect a semi-purposeful "forgetfulness" of enslaved individuals...
Landscapes of Industry and Ancestry, Voyageurs National Park in 1927 (2015)
In the summer of 1927, the International Joint Commission acquired a series of aerial photographs to survey the waters separating the U.S. and Canada. These photographs were purchased over several years by Voyageurs National Park, and stereo pairs were selected for 3D analysis and digitization to a GIS. In combination with known archeological site locations, more than 600 associated features have been recorded from 1927. These features range from ephemeral Ojibwe structures to sprawling lumber...
Landscapes of Labor in the 17th Century Potomac Valley (2018)
Laboring people, especially the enslaved, are often considered to be archaeologically invisible during the first century of settlement in the colonial Chesapeake. In this paper I focus on key aspects of landscapes—fields, forests, and rivers—to consider how a landscape approach can illuminate the daily practice of enslaved Africans and indentured servants in the 17th century. While the focus on productive labor was tobacco cultivation that underpinned the economy, alternate economies dependent...
Landscapes of Memory and Meaning at Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Northeast Region National Park Service Archeological Landscapes and the Stories They Tell" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. New NPS unit Katahdin Woods and Waters is establishing a management framework to help shape visitor’s experience and manage cultural and natural resources. As part of long-term management planning for Katahdin’s resources, a Northeast Region team in partnership with members of the...
The Landscapes of Modern Conservative Utopias in the United States: potentials for archaeological and spatial analysis (2018)
This paper introduces the session, and as a case study, explores utopias and utopian plans inspired by conservative thinking and principles as examples of spatial play and landscape experimentation. The growth of the internet has allowed for the proliferation of like-minded communities as well as the broadcasting of political ideologies and proposals. During the 2000s, anti-government enthusiasm proliferated into a number of proposals for separatist communities within the United States, founded...
Landscapes of Oblivion: Forgetting burial grounds and placing the past (2018)
Forgetting is a cultural act. Memories of burial grounds do not fade away bleached by time. This paper explores the anthropology of forgetting: examining the role of burial grounds as meaningful places in cultural landscapes. The materiality of the burial grounds gives presence to descent, kinship, sodality and the generational transfer of wealth and property. The eighteenth-century Moore-Jackson burial ground is such a place. Over generations, Moore burial markers were placed to memorialize...
The Landscapes of the Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area (2018)
The Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, a relatively new unit of the National Park Service established by legislation in 1974, is located on the Upper Cumberland Plateau and includes land in both Tennessee and Kentucky. The historically remote and relatively inhospitable nature of the physical landscape of the Big South Fork contributes to the modern perceptions of the landscape and its people. The area has a long history of small-scale human habitation and evidence of the lives...
Landscapes of the Borderlands: Efficacy and Ethics of Applying Archaeological Spatial Analysis to Undocumented Migration in the Arizona Desert. (2015)
Utilizing an archaeological landscape approach to analyze undocumented migration has significantly improved our understanding of this highly politicized and poorly understood social process. Using spatial methods in conjunction with interviews with migrants, this paper examines the complex geopolitical landscape that is shaped, traversed, and experienced by federal law enforcement, humanitarian workers and undocumented border crossers. While the employment of archaeological spatial methods aids...
Landschaft and Placemaking at George Washington’s Ferry Farm (2013)
Ferry Farm is perhaps most well known as the site of George Washington’s boyhood home. However, between the early 18th century and the Civil War, it was intermittently the site of multiple occupations, including the home of a former indentured servant, the home of an overseer and his enslaved wife, in addition to the Washington's and their enslaved domestic servants. The homes these families constructed were part of a dynamic landscape that shifted meaning and context throughout time. This paper...
LandUse6k North America: Report and Implications (2017)
LandUse6k is a consortium of archaeologists, historical geographers and historians engaged in synthesizing land use data for various slices of time, to be used to improve the efficacy of climate models. These efforts recognize the large impact that anthropogenic land cover change has had on past climate and climate change trajectory. We report on efforts to characterize land use through time for North America describing methods and issues. We estimate how these characterizations allow for more...
Language, Identity, and Communication: an Exploration of Cultural and Linguistic Hybridity in Post-Colonial Peru (2013)
In the viceroyalty of Peru under Francisco Toledo, cultural and political organization represented a fusion of European and Andean ethos, ideology, and language. Using archaeological data and historical analysis, this paper explores the intermixture of the European colonial political structure and traditions with the Inkan quadripartite social organization and dualistic beliefs. The paper discusses the combination of two record-keeping methods during the Toledan order: the Inkan khipus, a...
Las Animas City, Colorado Territory, USA: A "Half Mexican Village" in the American West (2013)
Las Animas City, Colorado Territory, USA, was founded in 1869 near the newly established military fort, New Fort Lyon. The town prospered as a supply center for the fort during the early 1870s, reaching a population of a few hundred residents. In 1871, Frances M. A. Roe, an army wife, described the settlement as "a half Mexican village" where she could purchase items from Mexico along with household supplies. The 1870 census suggests that Roe’s characterization of the town may not have reflected...
Las Cadenas que más nos Encadenan son las Cadenas que Hemos Roto: The Yucatecan Hacienda, Capitalist Mentalities, and the Production of Space and Identity (2015)
The modern era is distinguished by the increasing articulation of people and places within a globalizing world characterized by a capitalist world-economy that links the local and regional to the global within an integrated World-System. Central to this system is a worldwide division of labor that organizes individuals and households into exploitative relationships within global commodity chains. The Yucatan Peninsula, a geographically bounded and economically peripheral place, transcends...
Laser Scanning as a Methodology for the Documentation and Interpretation of Archaeological Ships: A Case Study Using the 18th Century Ship from Alexandria, VA and the 18th Century Ship Found Below the World Trade Center in New York. (2018)
In January of 2016, the remains of an 18th century wooden ship were found during construction on the waterfront of Alexandria, VA. The ship was excavated and stored, and in June of 2017, the disarticulated timbers were shipped to the Conservation Research Laboratory at Texas A&M University for documentation and conservation. To document the ship, each individual timber is laser-scanned, and the individual laser scans are being re-assembled in the nurbs 3-D modelling suite Rhinoceros 5. This...