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Tourism brochures advertise two shipwrecks in the Cahuita National Park in Costa Rica. The sites are restricted to snorkeling only and the use of SCUBA equipment is not permitted. Local guides, whose families have specialized in free diving for generations, are employed to offer snorkeling tours and are required to be used in the confines of the park. Little is currently known about the identity of these shipwrecks. Historical and archaeological investigations suggest several possible candidates...
Slave Ships: Identifying Them in the Archaeological Record and Understanding Their Unique Characteristics (2015)
This paper briefly examines the structure and construction of the slave ships in the United States and England and looks at how slave ships are different in structure and function from other merchant vessels. By examining them as special purpose ships, trends in structure and construction become apparent and prove to be unique to slave ships. The material culture found in the archaeological record that could identify a ship as having participated in the slave trade will also be examined. The...
The Slave Trade in the Gulf of Mexico: The Potential for Furthering Research through the Archaeology of Shipwrecked Slave Ships (2016)
For more than 300 years, the slave trade transported human cargo to slave markets along the American Atlantic and Gulf coasts, and throughout the Caribbean. In 1808, Congress banned the slave trade throughout the U.S., although smuggling, especially in the Gulf of Mexico, continued for another half-century. While thousands of slave ship voyages have been documented, only a few slave ships have ever been investigated archaeologically worldwide. In the Gulf of Mexico, an untold number of vessels...
Slave village organization in the French West Indies. (2013)
Over the last ten years, archaeological investigations of plantation slave villages in the French West Indies have begun to reveal insights into plantation village organization and structure. Prior to this work, what little was known about French West Indian slave villages was derived either from standing remains on plantation sites, or more frequently, from a small range of historical documents including images and accounts. These sources were far from representative. Archaeological work by...
The Slave Wrecks Project in National Park Units of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands (2016)
Since 2010 the National Park Service (NPS) has worked with the Smithsonian Institution and George Washington University to foster greater understanding of how the African slave trade shaped global history. This endeavor—the Slave Wrecks Project (SWP)—represents a long-term, multi-national effort to locate, document, protect, and analyze maritime sites pertaining to the slave trade, following the entire process including capture, transportation, sale, enslavement, resistance, and freedom. The...
The Slave Wrecks Project: An Agenda, An Approach for the Maritime Archaeology of the Slave Trade (2016)
This presentation draws upon our research worldwide—and the Sao Jose investigation in particular--to discuss the Slave Wrecks Project’s emerging signature approach to the maritime archaeology of the slave trade. Slaver shipwrecks serve as points of entrée for broader multi-disciplinary, multi-country, collaborative investigations of African-sourced slave trades and enslavement experiences – aiming to incorporate archaeological, archival, and ethno-historical investigation of related...
Slavery and Freedom on the Periphery: Faunal Analysis of Four Ante- and Post-bellum Maryland Sites (2015)
Vertebrate faunal remains recovered from four Maryland cultural resource management projects provide a unique opportunity to explore the dietary patterns of formerly enslaved and free African Americans in the late-18th to early-20th centuries. Maryland straddled the border between a slave based, plantation economy and a free labor economy, allowing its African American communities more opportunities to gain their freedom and earn a living. Faunal assemblages were analyzed and compared to assess...
Slavery and Resistance in Maryland: Findings From the L'Hermitage Slave Village Excavations (2016)
From 2010 to 2012, National Park Service archeologists, students, and volunteers conducted archeological investigations of the L’Hermitage plantation at Monocacy National Battlefield. The plantation was established in 1794 by the Vincendieres, French Catholic planters who came to Maryland to escape the Saint-Domingue slave revolution. They brought 12 enslaved laborers with them. By 1800 they owned 90 enslaved people. Traditional field methods, historical research, and genealogical studies were...
Slavery and the Jesuit Hacienda System of Nasca, Peru, 1619-1767 (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Jesuit Missions, Plantations, and Industries" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Multi-scalar archaeological exploration offers new insights for understanding Jesuit estate systems and the slavery they depended on for agroindustrial production. Since 2009, I have conducted ethnohistorical and archaeological research on two Jesuit haciendas, San Joseph and San Francisco Xavier de la Nasca, in south coastal Peru’s Ingenio...
Slavery to Freedom on the Web: A Community Engagement Experiment for Online Exhibits (2013)
Historic St. Mary's City is a living history and archaeology park dedicated primarily to the recreation and preservation of the 17th century landscape of Maryland's first capital city. However, the landscape has undergone significant change since the city's abandonment in 1700, including a significant period as a slave and tenant plantation. Because this period of the past no longer exists on the landscape, HSMC has pursued funding to build an online digital exhibit to tell the story of the...
Slavery, Race, and the Making of a University in the Capital of the Confederacy (2016)
In 1994, comingled human remains were accidentally discovered during construction at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) campus of Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU). The association of these remains with MCV should not have been unexpected. Found in an abandoned well and dating to the first half of the 19th century, these human remains from people of African descent bear grim witness to the desecration of interred individuals in a bid to advance medical knowledge—knowledge that largely...
Slavery, Resistance, and Memory -The Case of Mauritius. (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Archaeology in the Indian Ocean" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The materiality of slavery has received much attention over recent decades. Unequivocally focused on the Atlantic experience, comparative models from the Indian Ocean serve to enrich our understanding of slavery on a global scale. The body of literature on slave artefacts, mortuary practices, and diet highlight the nuances and...
Slaves as Individuals: Variability in Status and Identity Among the Field Slave Houses at Colonels Island Plantation, Georgia (2018)
In 2015, Brockington and Associates conducted data recovery at a middle-nineteenth century field slave settlement within the Colonel’s Island Plantation in Glynn County, Georgia.This site provided an opportunity to investigate a slave community in which most of the residential footprints were still intact.This paper presents a discussion of slaves as individuals by examining different artifact assemblages among the field houses in a small six-cabin slave settlement on a sea island cotton...
Slaves as Individuals: Variability in Status and Identity Among the Field Slave Houses at Colonels Island Plantation, Georgia (2018)
Most archaeological studies of slave communities analyze structural remains and household debris to interpret lifeways of the enslaved occupants as a group, and perhaps how this group may have changed over time or how it differed from the lives of the overseer, the planter, or slaves in other communities. The assumption has been that most slaves within a community exhibit similar status and acquisition of goods. Our excavations of five dwellings within a nineteenth century field slave settlement...
Slim, Trim and Paleo-Indian: Why Our Diets Are Killing Us (2001)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Slim, Trim, and Paleo-Indian (1994)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Slinging Spears: recent evidence on flexible shaft spear throwers (1999)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Slipped, Salted and Glazed: An Overview of North Carolina’s Pottery from 1750-1850 (2016)
Not long ago, Pennsylvania potter, Jack Troy declared "if North America has a ‘pottery state’ it must be North Carolina, as there is probably no other state with such a highly developed pottery consciousness," – and he is right! North Carolina’s pottery heritage is unique in many ways: it is the most southern state with a well-developed earthenware tradition (ca. 1750s); it is the most northern state with an alkaline-glazed stoneware tradition, in addition to its salt-glaze; its early...
Slipware Philadelphia Style: Case Study from Recent Excavations at the Museum of the American Revolution Site (2016)
Slipware ceramics have been unearthed in large quantities at archaeological sites around Philadelphia, most recently, at the site of the future Museum of the American Revolution at the corner of 3rd and Chesnut Streets in Old City. What is known as the Philadelphia style was a mixing of two European traditions of slip decoration brought across the Atlantic with the earliest settlers: first English and then German. While many of the slip trailed designs appear similar, they vary in simple ways...
"Sloops of 30 Tuns are Carried Overland in This Place": Cart Roads, Trade, and Settlement in the Northern Delmarva Peninsula, C. 1670-1800. (2013)
Since 2008 numerous previously unknown early colonial homestead sites have been discovered in association with a network of cart roads established from the 1670’s to connect the Upper Chesapeake Bay with the lower Delaware River. The research, commissioned by the Delaware Department of Transportation as part of the U.S. Route 301 highway project, is drastically revising models of settlement in the region. The cart roads were used for both legal commerce and an extensive illicit trade, the...
Slope Armoring at Leone Bluff: A Collaborative, Landform-Scale Effort at In Situ Preservation (2019)
This is an abstract from the "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: A National Perspective on CRM, Research, and Consultation" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The US Army Corps of Engineers recently undertook a project to mitigate cumulative adverse effects to the Leone Bluff archaeological site at the Corps’ Trinidad Dam and Lake Project in Las Animas County, Colorado. The Leone Bluff site is one of two type sites for the Sopris Phase (AD 1000-1250), a...
A Slow Burning Fuse: Spanish Colonialism, Franciscan Missions, and Pueblo Population Changes in Northern New Mexico (2019)
This is an abstract from the "The Archaeologies of Contact, Colony, and Resistance" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For nearly half a century, prevailing models of post-Contact Native American demography have held that the appearance of Europeans and Africans in the New World sparked a rapid and catastrophic population decline across North America in the sixteenth century. Recent archaeological investigations in the Pueblo Southwest and elsewhere...
Small Beads, Big Picture: Patterns of Interaction identified From Blue Glass Artifacts from the Upper Great Lakes Region (2014)
As European explorers and displaced Native newcomers entered the Upper Great Lakes region, they introduced unfamiliar material types, such as glass beads, which both local and non-local people incorporated into trade networks and technological systems as they confronted the social and economic challenges of interacting with Europeans and their objects. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Native Americans used glass beads as personal adornments and as raw material modified to produce new objects....
Small Chinese Settlements in the southwest Pacific: a brief look at Chinese Bakeries and Households in the Southwest Pacific 1890-1930 (2013)
In addition to the spread of Chinese populations around the Pacific Rim in the nineteenth century, Chinese manufactured goods also were sold throughout the South Pacific. Fijian’s, Tongans, and Maoris purchased Chinese Ceramics and iron implements. The Chinese immigrants who lived on islands in the region also provided needed services. Bakeries and grocery stores and retail stores ran by Chinese owners carried goods manufactured in China. The end result was an archaeological signature that...
Small Finds, Big Stories (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Small Finds, Big Stories" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Buttons, marbles, doll parts, beads: all are rare archaeological finds that capture our attention. Small and infrequently recovered artifacts are the focus of this three-minute forum. While small in size, such artifacts have the potential to open the world of daily life in the past: bodily care, sewing and mending, personal appearance, play, etc. Presenters in...