USA (Country) (Geographic Keyword)
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The 1987 Wisconsin Burial Site Preservation Statute (WisStats 157.70) serves as the basis for the protection of all burial sites in the State of Wisconsin and assures that all human burial sites be accorded equal treatment under the law regardless of age or affiliation. Recently, challenges to the law have taken the form of an introduced bill (LBR 2890 – eventually withdrawn), and the convening of a Wisconsin Legislative Study Committee of the Preservation of Burial Sites. This committee is...
Challenging Aircraft Crash Sites: Excavating Deep and Wide (2017)
The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is tasked with the recovery of missing crew from aircraft crash sites around the world. In many of these cases the excavation for the recovery of the aircraft requires a deep excavation. Scientific methods utilized especially for deep excavation have been developed over the last 100 years of archaeological method and theory (most especially within the realm of Cultural Resource Management) and can be applied to the work at DPAA. Whether the...
Challenging Landscapes: Alternate Perspectives of Chesapeake Plantation Gardens (2013)
Much has been written about 18th and 19th century American and European formal plantation landscapes and gardens. Traditional interpretations of these spaces have relied on notions of power, hierarchy, and surveillance—which come from the ideals of the plantation owners. Mark Leone illustrates this with his work at the Paca House in Annapolis, Maryland. However, as Dell Upton argues, those of European and African descent would have approached these landscapes in vastly different ways and...
Challenging the Village Concept: Bayesian Analysis and Chemical Characterization in the Mogollon Early Pithouse Period of the US Southwest
The traditional view of the Mogollon Early Pithouse period (AD 200–700) in southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona is that the introduction of ceramics, an increase in maize use, and pithouses equaled sedentary village formation. More recent research, however, has argued that mobility and foraging remained important strategies throughout the Early Pithouse period. Thus, there are many questions and debates regarding cultural changes that occurred during the Mogollon Early Pithouse...
Chance Incised (1988)
Incised chance pottery
Change Detection Modeling at Eagle Nest Canyon (2024)
This is an abstract from the "The Archaeology of Eagle Nest Canyon, Texas: Papers in Honor of Jack and Wilmuth Skiles" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper investigates the use of drone-based 3D photogrammetry for mapping and monitoring landscape changes at Eagle Nest Canyon. Mapping before and after an extreme 2014 flood enables change detection modeling (CDM) using geographic information systems (GIS). By comparing elevation data from...
A Change of Hearth: Stages of Production in Hot-Rock Technology at a Late Woodland Rockshelter (2018)
This paper applies the chaîne opératoire analytical framework to hearth maintenance behavior. There are distinct phases of production involved in creating and maintaining a hearth, as new hearthstones are introduced, exhausted, and discarded. These stages may be identified through spatial distribution of new and exhausted hearthstones. The authors argue that these stages may also be identified geochemically. We use pXRF to compare a series of experimental burnings to those from a hearth feature...
Change, Continuity and Foodways: Indigenous Diet at Mission Santa Clara (1777-1836) (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper examines mission documents, agricultural production reports, and faunal remains recovered from three middens situated alongside the Native American barracks at the Spanish mission site of Santa Clara (1777-1836). Mission Santa Clara housed a diverse population of differing Native American groups including predominantly Ohlone speakers, as well as...
Change, Continuity and Foodways: The Persistence of Indigenous Identity at Mission Santa Clara (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper examines faunal remains recovered from three middens located next to the Native American barracks at the Spanish mission site of Santa Clara (1777-1836) located in Alta California. Mission Santa Clara contained a diverse population of differing Native American groups including predominantly Ohlone speakers,Yokuts-speaking people, and later in time Miwok individuals. This...
Changes and Choices in Heiltsuk Consumption of Euro-American Goods at Old Bella Bella, BC, 1833-1899 (2015)
The contact-era Heiltsuk village of Old Bella Bella, British Columbia, site of both HBC Fort McLoughlin (1833-1843) and a Methodist mission (1880-1890), existed during a time of rapid changes. Missionary influence resulted in a shift among the Heiltsuk from traditional longhouses to European-style single-family frame houses, creating two spatially and temporally separate archaeological assemblages. Using data collected during a 1982 excavation of this site, this study compares artifact...
Changes and Reactions: Hunting and Gathering by Agriculturalist in the Woodland Period (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeology on the Edge(s): Transitions, Boundaries, Changes, and Causes" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the midcontinent of North America, the transition from the Archaic to the Woodland Period is generally signaled in the archaeological record by the presence of ceramics and the adoption of agriculture, particularly of low yield indigenous plants including barley grass, goosefoot, sunflower, and squash during the...
Changes in Animal Use through Time at Fusihatchee (1EE191) (1999)
Archaeological sites appropriate for the study of subsistence change resulting from European-Native American contact are uncommon in the southeastern United States. One of these sites is Fusihatchee (1EE191), a Creek town in what is now Alabama. Materials from Fusihatchee were deposited during four time periods spanning the Contact Period, permitting a diachronic analysis of Creek subsistence practices. Vertebrate and some invertebrate remains were studied. The Late Mississippian component...
Changes in Bone Density During the Post-Mortem Interval for the Individuals of the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (2017)
Quantitative techniques for estimating age and sex at death are becoming more popular with the increased use of computed tomography scans and radiographs on forensic human remains. A gap in the research makes practical applications of post mortem imaging limited to those individuals whose time since death is known, as there has yet to be a parallel study examining changes in bone density during the post-mortem interval. This study examines archaeological human remains from the Milwaukee County...
Changes in household organization and the development of Classic Period Mimbres pueblos (2017)
Changes in household organization were a major catalyst for social change in the Mimbres River Valley of southwestern New Mexico across the transition from pithouses to pueblos. This paper summarizes recent work at a large Pithouse period village, the Harris Site, and the Elk Ridge site, a large Classic period (AD 1000-1150) pueblo that is illuminating the relationship between households, community integration, and social change. Work at the Harris Site has documented the important role that...
Changes in Resource Use during the Mississippian Period on St. Catherines Island, Georgia (2018)
After more than forty years of zooarchaeological research on prehispanic collections from coastal Georgia, it is clear that people exploited the same suite of estuarine resources from the Late Archaic through the Mississippian periods, despite changing socio-political conditions. However, changes in resource use over time are evident when fine-grained recovery and multiple analytical techniques are applied to vertebrate and invertebrate collections from the Mississippian period on St. Catherines...
Changes in the Sources of Olivine-Tempered Ceramics and the Social Interaction Patterns among the Virgin Branch Ancestral Pueblo (2018)
Various forms of social interactions seem to have been adopted as risk-buffering strategies in the marginal agricultural environment of the Virgin Branch Ancestral Puebloan region. The olivine-tempered ceramics are widely distributed in this region and the sources of olivine are in the highlands near Mt. Trumbull and Tuweep. Thus, the presence of olivine-tempered ceramics in the lowland Virgin area indicates economic and social ties between the highland and lowland populations. This ceramic...
Changes in the Temporality of the Landscape during the Chacoan Period in the American Southwest (2023)
This is an abstract from the "Living Landscapes: Disaster, Memory, and Change in Dynamic Environments " session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Chaco Canyon is the center of one of the best known archaeological cultures in North America, and its influence spread widely across the northern US Southwest between AD 850 and 1150. Because of the well-preserved road segments, shrine networks, earthworks, and petroglyph panels associated with the Chacoan culture,...
Changes in Turkey and Artiodactyl Abundance in Central Mesa Verde and Northern Rio Grande Archaeological Assemblages (2017)
Previous zooarchaeological studies in the Southwest indicate that over time, larger animal resources such as deer are replaced by smaller ones such as lagomorphs (cottontails and jackrabbits) and domesticated turkey in Ancestral Pueblo sites. These trends are identified on the basis of various faunal indices that measure the proportional abundance of one animal resource against another. In this study, we utilize an index that measures the proportion of domesticated turkey relative to artiodactyl...
Changing Attitudes and Approaches to Shipwreck Archaeology in the Caribbean (2018)
Since its discovery more than 50 years ago the HIghborne Cay Wreck has been salvaged by antiquarians in 1966-67, partially excavated by archaeologists in 1986, and re-examined in 2017. The motivations, focus, techniques, and findings of each of these activities were very different and serve as examples of the evolution of attitudes and approaches to shipwreck archaeology in the Caribbean.
Changing conceptions of significance, importance, and value—moving beyond the "research exception" in Section 106 archaeology (2016)
Until the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation revised its regulations implementing Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act in 2000, an undertaking that would destroy all or parts of a National Register listed or eligible archaeological site could be considered to not adversely affect the site if data recovery was carried out beforehand. This in spite of the fact that generally only a small percentage of the site was usually excavated, and the rest subsequently destroyed. This...
Changing Courses, Changing Fortunes: An Historical And Archaeological Exploration Of A Mississippi River Boomtown (2018)
The nineteenth-century community of Warrenton, Mississippi, and its fortunes were inextricably linked to the changing courses of the Mississippi River. The town's position, only slightly higher than the river, provided an excellent steamboat landing for the import and export of goods, people, and ideas, but also made the town prone to flooding and disease. During Warrenton's vibrant occupation it was home to prominent residents including CSA President Jefferson Davis, shipped more cotton than...
Changing Curation Practices When Indigenous Voices Are Included (2024)
This is an abstract from the "In Search of Solutions: Exploring Pathways to Repatriation for NAGPRA Practitioners (Part III)" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Curation practices changed at museums as human remains and funerary objects went from being seen by practitioners as scientific specimen to individuals. When this happens, how the individuals are handled and cared for changes as well. Consulting with Tribal Nations about the care of...
Changing Identity and Foodways in Colonial New Mexico (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. During the early colonial period of New Mexico (1598 - 1680), colonists steadfastly clung to their Spanish identity to uphold ethnic hierarchy. Certain crops, notably wheat, were important to the reinforcement of that identity, and the Spanish attempted to grow them despite environmental difficulties. After Spanish reoccupation in 1692, the goals of the Spanish Empire shifted to...
The Changing Role of the Domestic Dog: New Evidence from the American Bottom Region of Illinois (2017)
Recent archaeological investigations in the American Bottom have resulted in the identification of several hundred individual dog remains from Late Woodland (A.D. 650-900), Terminal Late Woodland (A.D. 900-1050), and Mississippian (A.D. 1050-1400) components. On-going research, including coprolite and isotopic analyses, as well as traditional osteological and pathological studies, is providing important new insight on the diet, treatment, and changing roles of domestic dogs in prehistoric Native...
The Changing Shape of Chickasaw-European Battlefield Narratives (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Historical Memory, Archaeology, And The Social Experience Of Conflict and Battlefields" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In 1541 the first recorded conflict between Chickasaws and invading Europeans led to the expulsion of Hernando de Soto’s army from northeastern Mississippi. Nearly two centuries later, the Chickasaws overwhelmingly defeated two French-led forces that aimed to destroy the Chickasaw Nation....