West Virginia (State / Territory) (Geographic Keyword)
2,026-2,050 (9,218 Records)
The St. Barbara's Freehold Tract in St. Mary’s City served as the center of a large plantation owned by the Hicks and Mackall families from the mid 18th century to the end of the Civil War. At the plantation’s height in the early 19th century, 40 people were held in bondage, living in log quarters scattered across several hundred acres. In 2016, archaeologists from St. Mary's College of Maryland identified and tested a complex of quarters dating to ca. 1750-1815. Archaeological and historical...
Consuming the French New World (2017)
All of France’s New World colonies were based on relationships with particular geographies, according to the products and resources wanted by the Crown, which may be thought of as the ultimate "consumer" of French colonial landscapes. Colonists and French descendant communities engaged with these different landscapes for both commercial and family subsistence purposes. Obtaining, producing, and moving such resources as furs, wheat and flour, hams, bear oil, salt, and sugar required a variety...
Contaminated Consumption: An Archaeological Examination of the Consequences of Adaptation in Industrial and Illicit Alcohol Production in the Southeastern United States (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The economic and communal importance of alcohol production across the Southeastern United States can be traced from colonization to the present day. From colonists' advertisements for wives who could brew beer, to moonshiners outrunning revenuers and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms agents, to distillery-based tourism in the present day, alcohol production...
A Contemporary Approach to Primitive Firing (1966)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Contemporary Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology in America (1986)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
The Contents and Distribution of Middens at Mission Concepción, San Antonio, TX (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Plus Ultra: An examination of current research in Spanish Colonial/Iberian Underwater and Terrestrial Archaeology in the Western Hemisphere." , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper presents the results of recent archaeological testing and summarizes the findings of several decades of CRM excavations at the Franciscan Mission Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña, which was re-located to San...
Contexts and Consequences of Racialized Labor Relations between Japanese American Workers and Sawmill Town Management in the Pacific Northwest (1890 to 1930) (2017)
This paper will explore the historical context surrounding the relationships between Japanese American sawmill workers and sawmill town management in the early 20th century Pacific Northwest. Japanese American sawmill workers found themselves in a highly racialized labor structure, where they were often regulated to hard labor, "low skill" positions. At the same time, there is evidence to suggest that these workers successfully negotiated with sawmill town management, while taking advantage of...
Contextualizing Confederate Monuments in the South: How to Talk About Scary Things (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Reflections, Practice, and Ethics in Historical Archaeology" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As a discipline of introverts, we avoid talking about potentially contentious subjects too often. This habit is detrimental to both us and the public. Instead of viewing them as merely dangerous or risky, these topics are also an opportunity. Strong feelings in an audience means we do not need to convince them that it is...
Contextualizing Consumption: Examining the Benefits of Multi-Site Discussion at the Lincoln Home National Historic Site (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Frequently, discussions of the artifact assemblages uncovered at presidential sites focus only on the households of the president's that the site commemorates. By excluding the surrounding residential sites, researchers sacrifice valuable information regarding typical consumption and use behaviors in the area. The analysis presented seeks to utilize the extensive excavations of the...
Contextualizing European Copper Distribution Across the Seventeenth-Century American Southeast: A Geoarchaeological Approach (2015)
European alloy copper artifacts are frequently found in sixteenth and seventeenth-century Native American archaeological sites across Virginia and North Carolina. Smith and Hally (2014) ask a simple yet important question about these items: How were they obtained by Native Americans? While historical documents suggest possible mechanisms for European copper distribution (including trade and tribute), the most important clues about these objects come from their archaeological contexts. This study...
Contextualizing Petroglyphs: Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) and Public Archaeology (2018)
The central question that drives our inquiry is: How can technology, specifically Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), pair with material culture and archived/published oral tradition in order to enhance visitor experiences at a sacred American Indian site? Jeffers Petroglyphs is a Dakota site located in Comfrey, Minnesota with over 5,000 known petroglyphs, dating up to 7,000 years. Today, these petroglyphs hold spiritual and historical significance for the Dakota people, yet cannot be...
Contextualizing the Exceptional: Understanding "Small Find" Abundance at The Hermitage (2018)
The archaeological program at The Hermitage was exceptional in many ways, from the breadth and depth of its archaeological education programs and the square footage excavated across the plantation to the range of domestic slave housing types and diversity of artifacts found within and around these dwellings. The richness and diversity of "small finds" across Hermitage sites is particularly striking. Previous studies of Hermitage small finds have focused on individual artifacts as representations...
Continuity and Change in Contact Period Caddo Communities in the Ouachita Mountains (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For ancestral Caddos living in the Ouachita Mountains of west-central Arkansas, the two centuries between AD 1450 and 1650 saw both continuity and change. An extended period of drought in the 1450s and contact with outsiders beginning with the Spanish in 1541 would have stressed local farming communities. Responses may have included increasing interactions...
Contradictory Food: Dining in a New York Brothel c. 1840s (2016)
The faunal assemblages excavated from New York City’s Five Points neighborhood provided an opportunity to examine the foodways of the city’s 19th century working class. One distinct Orange Street deposit was associated with a brothel which operated in the early 1840s and seemed to reflect the contradictory nature of this occupation. While some food choices reflected the working class nature of the neighborhood, other finer foods, were selected for fancy feasts, to entertain guests or for...
Contributing Historical Archaeology to Global Efforts to Address Climate Change (2016)
In the most recent Summary for Policy Makers from the IPCC Working Group II (Adaptation), this statement, "Throughout history, people and societies have adjusted to and coped with climate, climate variability, and extremes, with varying degrees of success," is written without attribution. Though this statement is a consensus view, the absence of a footnote disconnects it from analyses of the human past and the models of adaptation developed in the IPCC reports. This is a big gap. The most...
Controlled Comparison of Late Woodland Settlement Patterns in the Appalachian Highlands (1984)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Converging Concepts of Landscape: Space and Place in 19th-century Northwest Lower Michigan (2018)
The same landscape in the same moment can be experienced differently by people as they project culture and history onto the landscape. Using two juxtaposed perspectives of landscape in the same geographic location and time, this research compares and contrasts Cartographers and Native Americans in Northwest Lower Michigan following intensification of mapping after 1837. Using historic documents, vivifacts (living artifacts), and maps, this analysis presents the conflicting landscape concepts of...
Convicts, Cargo, and Calamity: The Wreck of the Enchantress (2016)
From 2010-2015, the University of Rhode Island and St. Mary’s College of California conducted an underwater archaeology field school in the waters of Bermuda on a site called the "Iron Plate Wreck." Aptly named for a large block of sheet iron located at the stern, the wreck’s identity remained a mystery for over 50 years. In 2013, however, historical research provided clues to the identity of the wreck, revealing it is the Enchantress, an early 19th century British merchant vessel with a unique...
Cooking and Colonialism: Identifying Cultural Values and Identities in Consuming “Foreign” Goods in the British Atlantic World (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Consumption, as a shared material practice, has frequently been examined by archaeologists to understand the cultural dynamics in the distinction of groups that inform status, class, and identities. In the increasing integration of global exchanges across the Atlantic in the 18th century, this paper seeks to understand how non-local colonial goods were...
Cooking up Authenticity in an Afro-Brazilian pot: Nationalism, Racism, Tourism, and Consumption of low-fired earthenware ceramics in Pernambuco, Brazil. (2018)
Black beans, smoked sausage, salted beef, the less desirable pig parts, garlic, and onion. These are the basic ingredients of the Brazilian national dish, feijoada. But there is another ingredient, one frequently overlooked, but essential element of the authenticity in the minds of Brazilians. The ceramic pot, holding the magic of the meal’s miscegenation: African, European and Amerindian ingredients blended together in a seemingly innocuous object. Unlike other places in the African Diaspora,...
"Coon, possum, rabbit, squirrel en aw dat": A zooarchaeological investigation of foodways at Witherspoon Plantation, South Carolina (2015)
This paper examines the results of zooarchaeological analysis completed on faunal remains from Witherspoon Island, a 19th century cotton plantation in South Carolina. This research contributes to a larger ongoing historical archaeological project exploring the lives of enslaved African-Americans and their descendants on the remote absentee plantation. To examine shifting food practices at the site, we present the results of the analysis of faunal remains recovered from two house and adjacent...
Cooperation and Coercion: Geography, Ecology, Climate, and Surplus Production in the Rise of the Calusa Kingdom (2018)
The Calusa of southwest Florida were the most complex and powerful society in Florida during the sixteenth century AD. They relied for protein not on agriculture, but on aquatic resources harvested from shallow-water estuaries. Our interdisciplinary team is exploring the evidence for surplus production and intensification against a background of environmental challenges and opportunities. We focus on Mound Key and Pineland, the two largest Calusa towns. We think that cooperative heterarchical...
Cooperation, our best survival tool. What we can learn from ancestral peoples (2013)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the EXARC Bibliography, originally compiled by Roeland Paardekooper, and updated. Most of these records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us using the...
Coopers, Peddlers, and Bricklayers: Stories of a Working-Class Property through Public Archaeology in Washington, DC (2018)
An archaeological investigation of a lot where a former frame shotgun house once stood offers a unique look at 19th century working-class immigrant households. A German immigrant carpenter built the house before 1853 and it was successively occupied by a peddler, cooper, and bricklayer; little is known about their lives. Prior to redevelopment, the DC HPO Archaeology Program conducted a systematic archaeological survey from August 2016 to May 2017, the "Shotgun House Public Archaeology Project"....
Cope Hook and a Slate Pencil: Understanding Skidaway Island’s Benedictine Monks and Freedmen School Students (2018)
Skidaway Island’s Benedictine monastery and Freedmen school provides us with a unique opportunity to examine one angle of African-American life post-Reconstruction. Located southeast of Savannah, Georgia, this mission was part of the larger Benedictine presence, whose members initially started Freedmen schools at the Bishop’s request. Though this site was only briefly occupied (1878- ca. 1890s), we are gaining insight into the lives of the European-born Benedictine monks, African-American...