Chesapeake (Other Keyword)
1-25 (37 Records)
Within the first few weeks of landing on Jamestown Island in the spring of 1607 the colonists set about constructing a triangular palisaded fort. At first tents served to house the colonists, and to shelter their place of worship. Slowly but surely with the first public buildings, the storehouse and the church, more permanent structures began to rise. The interior of the fort would see many changes during these years, both reflected in the documentary record as well as the archaeological record....
A 19th Century Military Landscape in Southern Maryland (2016)
The Maryland State Highway Administration's recent archaeological investigations in Charles County have helped to increase the understanding of a landscape that directly contributed to events that shaped a developing nation. The discovery and study of several War of 1812 and Civil War sites and loci, all within close proximity of one another, the port town of Benedict, and major waterborne and overland transportation corridors, has provided insights on choices made by 19th century military...
Analysis of Pipe Stems Recovered from Excavations of the 17th Century Structures at Eyreville (44NH0507) on Virginia's Eastern Shore. (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Since excavations began at Eyreville in the Spring of 2017 nearly 2000 tobacco pipe bowls, stems, and fragments have been recovered. These include pipes manufactured in both England and Holland as well as many unique, locally made, “Chesapeake” pipes likely manufactured by Native Americans and possibly enslaved Africans....
Analysis of Pipe Stems Recovered from Excavations of the 17th Century Structures at Eyreville (44NH0507) on Virginia's Eastern Shore. (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Since excavations began at Eyreville in the Spring of 2017 nearly 2000 tobacco pipe bowls, stems, and fragments have been recovered. These include pipes manufactured in both England and Holland as well as many unique, locally made, “Chesapeake” pipes likely manufactured by Native Americans and possibly enslaved Africans....
Anglo-Native Interaction in Virginia’s Potomac River Valley (2018)
Trade played a crucial role in the relationships that formed between European colonists and Native Americans during the early colonial period. In the 17th-century Potomac River Valley the interactions between Natives and Europeans laid the foundations for the emergence of a truly creolized society. This paper examines the influence of Native Americans on the early settlement of Virginia's Potomac Valley from 1647-1666 using the Hallowes site (44WM6) as an example. Analyses of the faunal remains,...
The Black and White of It: Rural Tenant and African American Enslaved and Free Worker Life at the Rumsey/Polk Tenant/Prehistoric site (2016)
Rich and provocative data on 1740s to 1850s tenant occupations were revealed by Phase II and III archaeological investigations at Locus 1 of the Rumsey/Polk Tenant/Prehistoric site. Documentary research, the recovery of 42,996 historic artifacts, and the discovery of 622 features, provided a rare glimpse into the lives of free and enslaved African American workers and white tenants living side-by-side in the racially charged atmosphere of 18th- and 19th-century Delaware. Artifacts like wolf...
Conservation of the Knights Tomb (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Excavating the Foundations of Representative Government: A Case Study in Interdisciplinary Historical Archaeology." , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In 1627, a gravestone was laid over the remains of Sir George Yeardley, who served as Governor of Virginia during the meeting of the first legislative assembly in 1619. Called the Knight’s Tomb, this stone was unique, being one of the first of...
The Discovery and Excavations of the 17th Century Structures at Eyreville (44NH0507) on Virginia’s Eastern Shore. (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. VDHR staff was informed of early colonial artifacts recovered at Eyreville Farm, in Northampton County on Virginia’s Eastern Shore, in February of 2017. Documents available at the Northampton courthouse indicate that John Howe built a house there sometime after 1623. Colonel William Kendall, a wealthy merchant and the...
Drinking Buddies: Wine Bottle Seals as a Window on Williamsburg’s Social Scene. (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. As individual artifacts, wine bottle seals are valued for the names and dates they that they deliver, for their utility as status markers, and for their unique beauty. Considered in large numbers across a broader spatial context, personalized bottle seals hold additional potential to reveal social interaction. Colonial...
Early Colonial Livestock in the Northern Neck: A View from Coan Hall (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "A Land Unto Itself: Virginia's Northern Neck, Colonialism, And The Early Atlantic", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the early 17th century, European colonists introduced new livestock and agricultural practices to Virginia which developed into unique management and farming practices. These practices had significant influence on the development of environmental and cultural spheres of interaction within the...
Early Colonial Meat Provisioning On Maryland’s Western Shore (2021)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeology of Meat and Ale (General Sessions)" , at the 2021 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Early Colonial (1650s through 1750s) sites on Maryland’s Western Shore occupy several distinct ecosystems, each offering opportunities for, and imposing constraints on, provisioning strategies. Faunal data assembled from eight Maryland sites along the Chesapeake Bay measure that variability as the first phase in a larger study...
Early Colonial Meat Provisioning on Maryland’s Western Shore (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Early Colonial (1650s through 1750s) sites on Maryland’s Western Shore occupy several distinct ecosystems, each offering opportunities for, and imposing constraints on, provisioning strategies. Faunal data assembled from eight Maryland sites along the Chesapeake Bay measure that variability as the first phase in a larger study that explores varying dietary patterns and the effects...
Exploring The Architecture Of "My Lord’s Gift": An Analysis Of A Ca. 1658 - Ca.1750 Archaeological Site In Queen Anne, County, Maryland (2017)
An archaeological rescue project in 1990 on the "My Lord’s Gift" site (18QU30) in Queen Anne, County, Maryland revealed a fascinating complex of colonial structures. This tract was granted by Lord Baltimore in 1658 to Henry Coursey, an Irish immigrant and important official in the colony’s government. Excavators found a variety of architecture represented at the site. The largest building they uncovered was the substantial cobble stone foundation of an unusual T-Plan house with a massive...
A "Fortified Citadel": The Archaeology of an English Civil Wars Fortification in St. Mary's City, Maryland (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Archaeological Research of the 17th Century Chesapeake" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Between 1642 and 1651, the English Civil Wars, or English Revolution, would rage across the British landscape. Actually a complex series of conflicts, this civil war would have profound implications for the history of the British Isles. Less well known is how this conflict resonated in other regions within the British...
Garden and Landscape Archaeology at the Robert Carter House in Williamsburg, Virginia (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Meaning in Material Culture" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Robert Carter House, built circa 1727 and restored by Colonial Williamsburg in 1931, is one of the largest domestic properties within the eighteenth century townsite. At a time when the best rooms in most gentry houses in town were oriented toward the front of the house, the best rooms at the Robert Carter House are at the back. A series of terraces...
Historic Context for Historic Period Archaeological Sites on Virginia's Coastal Plain (Legacy 05-262)
This report synthesizes archaeological data from nineteenth and early twentieth-century sites that have been identified and/or studied in the Coastal Plain of Virginia. The document focuses on the Antebellum (1830-1860) and Postbellum (also known as Reconstruction and Growth) eras (1865-1917) because the associated sites are frequently difficult to evaluate since the significant research issues that are applicable have not been well-defined.
Historic Context for Historic Period Archaeological Sites on Virginia's Coastal Plain (Legacy 05-262) (2007)
This report synthesizes archaeological data from nineteenth and early twentieth-century sites that have been identified and/or studied in the Coastal Plain of Virginia. The document focuses on the Antebellum (1830-1860) and Postbellum (also known as Reconstruction and Growth) eras (1865-1917) because the associated sites are frequently difficult to evaluate since the significant research issues that are applicable have not been well-defined.
Identifying 17th Century Indigenous Community Formation within the Potomac River Valley (2022)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)" , at the 2022 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In recent years, Chesapeake archaeologists have placed more emphasis on the unique cultural landscape of the Potomac River Valley, including studies on sub-regional British community formation. However, one area that has been undertheorized in the sub-region is Indigenous community formation during the colonial period. In this...
A Landscape They Didn’t See: The Great Rappahannock Town at Mid-Century (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "A Land Unto Itself: Virginia's Northern Neck, Colonialism, And The Early Atlantic", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The Northern Neck of Virginia appears to have had an especially large Indigenous population at the moment of English occupation in 1607. That population grew through the 17th century as colonial authorities generally prevented settlers from moving into the region while Indigenous nations from...
Marley Brown: The View From Maryland (2015)
When I first met Marley Brown, I thought, what a character. Some thirty years later, Marley is still a character who has made major contributions to Chesapeake historical archaeology. During his tenure as director of CW’s department of archaeological research, Marley expanded the program’s focus to include sites along the James and York rivers, building a spatial and temporal context that has served all of us working in the region, including those of us in Maryland. Marley’s refreshing...
"More For Delight Than To Multiply": An Analysis Of A Potential Animal Membrane Condom Using Zooarchaeology By Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) (2023)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions)", at the 2023 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This paper presents an analysis of a tentatively identified animal membrane condom from the colonial Oxon Hill Manor Site (18PR175) in Maryland using Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) to identify the taxon from which the artifact was made. Taxonomic identification of the condom allows for more in-depth exploration of the...
Movement Along the Evolutionary Scale: The Chesapeake Example (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "From Maryland’s Ancient [Seat] and Chief of Government: Papers in Honor of Henry M. Miller" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Any global survey across the last 10,000 years has always found a range of more complex to less complex socio-cultural systems. Specific cultures, geographical locations, and relative levels of complexity have shifted but the differential is always present. With the rise of centralized...
Native Songs: Music and Mount Vernon’s Enslaved Community (2020)
This is a paper/report submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In the twilight of George Washington’s life in 1799, a community of 317 enslaved Africans and African-Americans worked the five contiguous farms that comprised the 8000 acre Mount Vernon plantation enterprise. By far the largest of three principal groups of music-makers, the enslaved community was joined by the Washington household and hired white workers and their families, each...
"…near the side of an Indian field commonly known as the Pipemaker’s field": Reanalyzing the Nomini Plantation Midden Assemblage (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Archaeologies of Contact and Colonialism" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Excavated in the 1970s by Vivienne Mitchell, a crew of volunteers, and avocational archaeologists from the Archeological Society of Virginia, the Nomini Plantation (44WM12) midden assemblage represents an extraordinary collection of mid- to late-seventeenth-century material culture. However, a full analysis and report were never completed, due...
Peake, Wampum, or Sewant?: An Analysis of Shell Bead Terminology in the Seventeenth Century Chesapeake (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Beyond Ornamentation: New Approaches to Adornment and Colonialism" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Beads and the terminology used to describe them provide a powerful look into the colonial relationships negotiated by both indigenous groups and European settlers. Peake, wampum, and sewant are terms used to describe tubular white or purple shell beads that developed as a result of interactions between...