North America (Geographic Keyword)
1,801-1,825 (3,610 Records)
Upon arriving at Head of Elk, Maryland, General William Howe led his British and Hessian forces on a march through the Mid-Atlantic colonies on a quest to capture Philadelphia. Hessian jaeger Captain Johann Ewald documented the march, the engagements, and the litany of individuals he encountered during the Philadelphia Campaign. Utilizing his journal as a unit of analysis, this paper seeks to understand the diversity of individuals and groups that played a role in the Philadelphia Campaign. ...
Interpreting Fur Trade Sites: A View from the Pacific Northwest (2018)
Academic partners and volunteers help the National Park Service interpret Fort Vancouver and other fur trade-era sites in the Pacific Northwest through the lens of historical archaeology. Archaeologists interface directly and indirectly with curators, re-enactors, interpreters, and other supporters of these protected places. Together, specialists, citizen scientists and interpreters represent these colonial spaces to the public. At Fort Vancouver, historical archaeology has been of particular...
Interpreting Landscapes of Slavery at James Monroe’s Highland (2018)
The rediscovery of the previously unknown plantation house at James Monroe’s Highland has provided a new anchor to interpret the historic landscape of the 535-acre property. As much as the discovery of the Monroe house has grabbed the headlines and facilitated discussion about President Monroe’s place in American history, research into the landscapes of slavery, including dwellings, yards, and workspaces, stands to contribute even more to our understanding of social order on the plantation and...
Interpreting Race in Public: Collaborations Between Historical Archaeologists and Public Historians (2015)
Public historians and historical archaeologists often share goals of communicating knowledge about the past with the non-specialist public. However, public historians and historical archaeologists rarely collaborate or communicate with one another about their approaches to stakeholders and the past. To indicate how such collaborations enhance public interpretations of history, I will first briefly describe my experiences, as a public historian, of working with historical archaeologists on...
Interpreting Slavery from Urban Spaces: African Diaspora Archaeology and the Christiansted National Historic Site (2016)
The Christiansted National Historic Site in the US Virgin Islands has served as a landmark site documenting the history of African Diaspora and Danish occupation in St. Croix from 1733-1917. Three archaeological projects surrounding the Danish West India and Guinea Company Warehouse have uncovered a wealth of cultural resources that have lasting implications for the largely Afro-Caribbean descendent Crucian community and for future interpretations of urban slavery in Caribbean contexts....
Interpreting Stratigraphy in the San Antonio Missions: An Interdisciplinary Approach (2018)
The Spanish colonial missions of San Antonio had a complex history characterized by different phases of development and decline, featured by changes over time of the buildings’ structures and land use. This paper presents a research on Mission San Jose’ and Mission Espada: on one side, the study focuses at identifying the history of the church buildings through the analysis of the walls’ stratigraphic sequences, through on site sampling integrated with historical information. In parallel, the...
Interpreting The Architectural And Colonial Palimpsests Of The Fort Vancouver Village (2015)
In the mid-19th century, the Fort Vancouver employee Village was one of the most diverse settlements on the Pacific Coast. Trappers, tradesmen, and laborers from Europe, North America, and Hawaii worked and lived within a highly stratified colonial social structure. Inspired by an 1845 description of the Village, with houses that were "as various in form" as their occupants, this investigation examined community-level social relationships in the Village through vernacular architecture and...
Interpreting The Constructs For Enslaved Worker Housing In Virginia (2017)
Scholars from the fields of archaeology, architectural history, and history have established common categories and cultural conditions for the building types used to house enslaved African Americans in Virginia between the 17th century and the American Civil War. This paper examines architectural, political, and social constructs deemed critical to understanding both the diversity and the patterning of Virginia slave housing. Recent research regarding surviving slave buildings, together with...
Interpreting the Sherds: Ceramic Consumption Practices in a Nineteenth Century Detroit Riverfront Neighborhood. (2016)
Following the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, Detroit became an emerging urban and industrial center. During the early-mid 19th century, private homes, hotels, manufacturers, and grocery stores densely populated the neighborhood along the Detroit River. Over 19,000 artifacts from this waterfront neighborhood were recovered in 1973-74, during the construction of the Renaissance Center, within a 9-city block area. The Renaissance Center Collection ceramics tell a rich story of various...
Interpreting What Cannot Be Seen: The Challenges of Developing Public Outreach for an Inaccessible Site. (2015)
In regards to the protection of cultural sites, the National Park Service’s mandate requires the agency to preserve resources for the betterment of future generations. Decades of restricted access and recent stabilization activities completed at the HMS Fowey shipwreck have effectively closed archeological access to it for the discernible future. While the National Park Service did not come lightly to the decision to physically remove access from the site, it is only after several decades of...
Interpretive film and television public service announcements: documenting and protecting the Battle of Saipan (2015)
WWII in the Pacific is a particularly difficult subject as it consumed not just the world powers battling for water and land, but also the Indigenous and civilian communities whose island homes were the backdrop for the war. This paper illustrates the process of creating an interpretive film and public service announcements that are a multi-vocal and inclusive in their content and message. An 18-minute interpretive film about Saipan’s WWII underwater heritage and several short public service...
Interrogating Decolonization (2023)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. “Decolonization” is now frequently used as the term for repatriating human remains and artifacts housed in institutions of the dominant European-derived societies of the Americas. The term does not fit a postcolonial position. “Decolonization” implies, as a derivative from an action verb, an agent performing an act, i.e., an agent of the dominant society’s...
Interrogating Legacies of Industry: Industrial Ruins and the Creative Destruction of Capitalism (2018)
How do we interpret and reconcile meaning related to the creative destruction of capitalism? That is, the basic tension that exists between the awe-inspiring power of capitalist production and the disdain inspiring proclivity for endless accumulation/consumption. How can we rectify the many beneficial outcomes of global industrialization with the externalized costs (for some) that are now coming due (for all)? Archaeological methodologies and theoretical models are particularly suited to...
Interrogating the Past: Intercampus Collaborations to Understand the Impacts of the Pedagogical Narrative in Archaeology Classrooms and Departments (2024)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2024: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. When we teach archaeology, we are actively creating the discipline and its norms that students may carry with them beyond the course. In this student-faculty co-creative poster we present ongoing results of a collaborative effort to ask questions about the nature and impact of teaching choices in archaeology courses and broader program curricula. Through...
Interrogating the Spatiality of Colonialism at Different Scales: Contrasting Examples from the Eighteenth-Century French-Canadian Borderland and the Early English Colony of Bermuda. (2017)
This paper examines two ends of the geographic spectrum along which the production of space can be expected to vary within the dynamics of colonial expansion. Employing case studies from Bermuda and the French colonial frontier, we analyze emerging border zones of the colonizer and the colonized, and the boundaries resulting from the replication of a persistent localism from the homeland. It is argued that the transition to multi-sited and multiscalar approaches within the historical archaeology...
Intersecting Histories: The Beman Triangle and Wesleyan University (2013)
This paper discusses preliminary archaeological investigation of the Beman Triangle, CT. From the mid- to late-19th century, the Beman Triangle was a community of property owning African Americans, closely allied with one of the first AME Zion Churches in the US. As a community archaeology project, partnering between the AME Zion Church and Wesleyan University, the archaeological investigations of the site have been driven by multiple intersections. Questions from the working group have...
The Intersection Of Femininity And Masculinity Symbolically Materialized By Team Games For Boys In Historic Playgrounds (2016)
Early-twentieth-century American reformers aimed to teach boys a feminized form of masculinity that was symbolized and materialized in supervised team games on playground ballfield landscapes. Organized play expressed new conceptions of childhood in a sequence of stages. Reformers organized team games to modify capitalist masculinity with what were considered feminine moral values of cooperation, fairness, and individual self-sacrifice for the greater good. Women became identified with these and...
An Intersectional Archaeology of Women's Reproductive Rights (2017)
Black feminist activists working in reproductive rights have long pointed out that access to abortion must be part of a larger project that also addresses poverty, racism, and other vectors of oppression that impact on women's ability to exercise free choice over their reproduction. Family planning decisions sit at the intersection of these power structures. This is illustrated at an early 20th-century tenement in Easton, Maryland, where gender ideals, racial segregation, slumlord renting,...
Intersectional Feminist Theory And Materializations Of Multiple, Fluid, Interacting Gender Identities, Exemplified By Immigrant Participants' Negotiations In Reform Women’s Programs Around The Turn Of The 20th Century (2018)
Feminists have theorized intersectionality in two related ways: in1970 Pauli Murray discussed the "multiple barriers of poverty, race and sex," and in 1989 Kimberlé Crenshaw named interlinked racism and sexism intersectionality, which she recently expanded to include classism, heterosexism, homophobia, ableism, etc. Another kind of intersectionality feminists have theorized are the relationships between gender, class, race, ethnicity, religion, age, etc. in people’s identities, which are the...
Intersectional Violence and Documentary Archaeology in Rosewood, Florida (2013)
The former town of Rosewood was settled in the mid-1800s and by 1900 was a successful, majority African American community. On January 1st, 1923 a white woman in the neighboring community of Sumner fabricated a black assailant to hide her extramarital affair. In less than seven days, the entire community of Rosewood was burned to the ground and its black residents fled to other parts of Florida and the country. This paper discusses a new theoretical perspective on the relationship between...
Intersectionality and Labor Solidarity at Blair Mountain (2015)
Solidarity around labor issues is often seen as a construction of class interest and consciousness. I will examine an alternative view of the formation of solidarity through the theory of intersectionality. Using the case study of the Battle of Blair Mountain, I will explore how a potent form of solidarity was formed through a convergence of racial, class, ethnic, and regional interests. This is in contrast to a traditional view of class solidarity superseding or erasing these different...
Intersectionality and Plantation Archaeology: Intertwining the Past, Present and Future (2018)
Intersectionality is a useful framework to employ when reconstructing the everyday lives of enslaved individuals during the Antebellum. Often, archaeologists find it difficult to create narratives that connect the material culture of the individuals we excavate with their dynamic experiences, especially impacts of sexual and economic exploitation, human rights and the rule of law. This paper focuses on the overlapping of multiple identities (in this case enslaved and free women and men on the...
Intersectionality, Strategic Essentialism, Third Spaces, and Charmed Circles: Using Dead Ladies’ Garbage to Explain Today’s America (2017)
Audre Lorde wrote, "There is no such thing as a single-issue struggle because we do not live single-issue lives." And yet, certain identities and struggles are forefronted every day. In 1903, middle-class women founded Wiawaka Holiday House in New York’s Adirondacks for "working girls" to have an affordable vacation away from unhealthy factories and cities. Using strategic essentialism and Third Space, a 1920s assemblage from Wiawaka demonstrates the deeply dependent relationships among race,...
Intersections of Confinement: Space and Place at the Poston Japanese American Internment Camp, Arizona (2016)
Japanese American internment intersected with Native American sovereign space at the Poston internment camp in Arizona during WWII. This intersection was not coincidental, nor was it unnoticed by those most directly affected by it, namely internees and members of the Colorado River Indian Tribes. Internees and local residents processed their own and each other's confinements and engaged with each other in various ways during and after the war, a process which continues today at the Poston...
Intersections of Identity, Health, and Diet in the Wyoming Territory (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The mid to late 19th century in the United States is noted by the Department of the Interior as a significant period of westward colonial expansion, leading to an extension of colonial power structures. This biocultural Master's thesis research on Wyoming Territory burials establishes methodological and theoretical approaches for associating stable isotope...