North America (Geographic Keyword)
1,976-2,000 (3,610 Records)
Established in 1812, Marshall’s Pen was a coffee estate owned by the former governor of Jamaica, Alexander Lindsay, the 6th Earl of Balcarres. This paper will consider recent archaeological investigations at Marshall’s Pen, concentrating specifically on the settlement pattern of enslaved housing both in the central village on the estate, and four satellite settlements dispersed amongst the provision grounds worked by the enslaved. In addition to reviewing the settlement pattern of the living,...
Life and Death on the Edge: 19th Century Chinese Abalone Fisheries on California’s Channel Islands (2016)
Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Chinese immigrants built the first commercial abalone fishery along the western edge of North America. These fishers harvested tons of abalone meat and shells from intertidal waters and shipped their products to markets in mainland China and America. Chinese abalone harvesting sites still are preserved on California’s Channel Islands, and over the last decade archaeologists have become increasingly interested in documenting the material record. Using...
Life and Times of the White-Tailed Deer in Its Environment. In: the Deer of North America (1956)
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The Life Cycle of a Slave Cabin: Results of the 2014 and 2015 University of Florida Historical Archaeological Field Schools at Bulow Plantation, Flagler County, Florida (2016)
Bulow Plantation (8FL7) in Flagler County, Florida, occupied for only fourteen years, provides a narrow window into the life of enslaved African Americans living and working on an East Florida sugar plantation. In the 2014 and 2015 field seasons, the University of Florida conducted excavations focusing on a single domestic slave cabin and the surrounding yard. Results from these excavations will be presented with a particular focus on the life cycle of the cabin, from its construction in 1821...
Life In The River Wards: The History Of Kensington And Port Richmond (2016)
The Kensington/Fishtown and Port Richmond neighborhoods of Philadelphia were among the earliest areas in the city settled by Europeans. Though initially dominated by maritime trades, in the nineteenth century they developed into industrial districts centered on mills, shipyards, and the export of coal and grain. Much of Kensington and Port Richmond eventually became known as a tough working class areas with populace comprised mainly of Irish, German, and Polish immigrants, though the Fishtown...
Life in the Ruins: Logging and Squatting at a 19th Century Village in Southwest Michigan (2017)
In this paper we examine archaeological data from Blendon Landing, a village centered on logging in Southwest Michigan during the mid-nineteenth century. When the logging ceased, most left. However archaeological and historical analysis suggests that a period of squatting occurred following Blendon Landing’s "abandonment". Squatting, as a ‘mode of existence’ outside the primary relations of capitalism, is often neglected in historical and archaeological research. Life, however, does not end with...
Life On The Borderlands Of The Colonial Potomac: Exploring Chicacoan (2017)
During the earliest decades of English colonization of the Chesapeake, the Potomac River Valley was a politically complex borderland between the colonies of Virginia and Maryland and Native American tribal groups. Here I trace the origins and development of the historic community of Chicacoan that emerged around 1640, and explore the domestic landscape of its leader, John Mottrom. Mottrom settled a tract of land on the Coan River, south of the Potomac, which he acquired from the Chicacoan...
Like Pulling Teeth: Relationships Between Material Culture And Osteology At The Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (2018)
Material culture is a mediator between the living and the dead (Hallam and Hockey 2017). Items used by the living can leave their mark osteologically, can follow an individual into a burial context, or can become part of an individual. Each of these actions leaves archaeological evidence of cultural communication. This paper examines the dialectical relationships between artifacts and osteology through an integrative analysis of the multilayered relationships between osteological data, artifact...
"Like rain in a drouth": Omaha, Nebraska's Costly Signaling at the Trans-Mississsippi and International Exposition of 1898 (2013)
In the late nineteenth-century, while eastern U.S. cities thrived as magnets of immigration, the lesser-known cities west of the Mississippi struggled to retain what populations they could attract, especially in the face of natural and financial disasters. These cities had to find ways of signaling their strengths in order promote increased settlement and stronger economies, so that they could compete with other cities on both regional and national scales. As this paper will demonstrate, one...
"Like winning the Stanley Cup": The Discovery of Sir John Franklin's HMS Erebus in the Canadian Arctic (2016)
In September of 2014, the Prime Minister of Canada announced with great fanfare the discovery of one of the two lost ships of Sir John Franklin’s expedition that left England in 1845. The discovery in the Canadian Arctic of the ship eventually identified as HMS Erebus was the result of the most ambitious survey effort to locate Franklin’s vessels. Started in 2008, the search program, spearheaded by Parks Canada and the Government of Nunavut for underwater and terrestrial archaeology components...
Limbus Infantum: Shrouds, Safety Pins, and the Materiality of Personhood in Juvenile Burials at the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (2018)
Of the over 2000 individuals recovered from the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery (MCPFC), approximately one-third are juveniles under the age of 20. Age categories for the MCIG juveniles were established using a variety of dental, osteometric and nonosteometric methods. The example of juvenile lot 10007, (dental age assessment 5 postnatal months, osteometric age 39 fetal weeks) recovered with diaper fabric, safety pins, and a small angel pin, suggests that a more refined look at juvenile age...
Linking Archaeological and Documentary Evidence for Material Culture in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Spanish Florida: The View from the Luna Settlement and Fleet (2018)
The recent discovery and archaeological investigation of the 1559-1561 settlement of Tristán de Luna on Pensacola Bay, in concert with ongoing nearby excavations at the second and third Emanuel Point shipwrecks from Luna’s colonial fleet, has prompted new opportunities for research into the material culture of Spain’s mid-sixteenth-century New World empire. In an effort to develop systemic linkages between the material traces left behind in different archaeological contexts, both terrestrial...
Linking Convergence Between Compliance and Research Archaeology through Linked Open Data Strategies in the Digital Index of North American Archaeology (2021)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Digital Index of North American Archaeology (DINAA) is a linked open data hub situated to help illuminate theoretical and practical connections between compliance archaeology and broader realms of archaeological science and public knowledge. This poster provides an assessment of prevalence of compliance activity represented in the approximately one million...
Linking Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Action, and Cultural Resource Management for Development (2018)
Climate change has taken over a large part of the disasters and development agenda. In examining the theory behind climate change mitigation, climate change adaptation (CCA), disaster risk reduction (DRR), and development, it is apparent that climate change offers little new. Climate change is one factor amongst many influencing hazards, to be considered when improving development and reducing vulnerabilities. This conclusion is reinforced by seeing that actions on the ground to deal with...
The "Linking Hispanic Heritage Through Archaeology" Program: Using National Parks to Engage Latino Youth With Their Cultural Heritage (2016)
The National Park Service-sponsored "Linking Hispanic Heritage Through Archaeology" (LHHTA) program was created in response to the NPS’s call to action to "fully represent our nation’s ethnically and culturally diverse communities". The program, a collaboration between NPS, University of Arizona, and Environmental Education Exchange, connects Hispanic youth to their cultural history using regional archaeology as a bridge. The LHHTA goals are to 1. increase awareness of National Parks within...
Lipton Tea Tins Chronology (2015)
Embossed Lipton Tea tin cans are a ubiquitous form of material culture found in many sites throughout the Western states and Alaska. Tins dating from the early-20th century through about World War II used paper labels, which almost never survive archaeologically. Tins with paper labels were purchased on eBay, which provided enough information to allow dating of the embossed Lipton tins commonly found in sites.
The Liquid Gold Rush: Oil and the Archaeological Boom (2016)
The Gold Rush of the 19th century brought people, jobs, and money to the western US, creating the first major boom. Since then, the US has advanced into other profitable avenues, in particular oil and natural gas. The 20th century saw the dramatic increase in the necessity for oil across the globe, which has led to a new boom, the "Liquid Gold Rush." As technology advanced, such as fracking, in the later part of the 20th and into the 21st Century, archaeology became entwined with oil and its...
Listening to One Another: Contributions of Indigenous People to the Life and Research of Dennis Stanford (2018)
A wealth of mentors, colleagues, and friends influence the evolution of one’s approach to archaeological research. This paper reflects on Dennis Stanford’s associations with native people beginning with his graduate student days involved in audio recording American Indian Oral Histories for the Doris Duke Foundation, including learning from Santa Ana Pueblo Cacique Porfirio Montoya and his wife Eudora Montoya, assisting with land claims for the return of Sacred Blue Lake to the people of Taos...
Literacy, Toys, and Social Roles: Childrearing and Subject Making on the 19th Century Wisconsin Frontier (2019)
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2019: General Sessions" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The "lead rush" initiated a mass migration of Euro-American miners, military officers, and government agents to the southwestern Wisconsin territory during the first half of the nineteenth century. Likely implementing prospecting methods developed by indigenous Meskwaki and Ho-Chunk peoples, multiethnic mining communities emerged in areas such as Gratiots...
A Lithic Analysis of Paraje San Diego, New Mexico, United States (2017)
For nearly three hundred years of official use, with long periods of unofficial use both pre- and post-dating the road, the Camino Real del Tierra Adentro served as one of the major conduits of transportation in New Mexico. Along the route, campsites, known as parajes, were established to provide adequate stopping points and access to resources for the variety of travelers which used the road. Paraje San Diego, one of the most established of these stopping points in the Jornada del Muerto, was...
Lithic Communities of Practice at the Missions of La Florida (2018)
Lithic data have received sparse attention in research on the Franciscan missions of Spanish La Florida. A re-analysis of the collections from three seventeenth-century interior missions reveals that Native Americans continued to rely on a diverse lithic technological tradition well after arrival of friars in their communities and the subsequent importation of metal tools. This pattern is also reflected in historical accounts where, for example, Native Americans were mandated to maintain quotas...
Lithics Revisited: An Analysis of Native American Stone Tool Technology In The Middle Chesapeake (2018)
Historical archaeologists often point to the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century as a catalyst for change in aspects of indigenous lifeways. This is especially true concerning lithic technology, when the metanarrative often describes Native Americans quickly swapping their stone tools for the "superior" metal tools of Europeans. Recent studies, such as Carly Harmon’s paper, Analyzing Native American Lithic Material Culture from 1600 to 1700 (2012), have challenged such thinking;...
A "Little Alsace" for the Lone Star State: Alsatian Migration and the Construction of Place, Narrative, and Identity on the Texas Frontier (2018)
This paper examines placemaking and identity in the Alsatian colonies of Texas. On the eve of Texas statehood, Alsatian migrants settled lands to the west of San Antonio. Displaced or disenfranchised by the turmoil of 19th century Europe, Alsatian families, often farmers, responded to advertisements by empresarios touting free passage, land, and opportunity in a "land of milk and honey." They arrived unprepared for the harsh realities of the Texas landscape, particularly life on the Republic’s...
Little Guns on the Big Elk: Discovering Fort Hollingsworth (1813-1815), Elkton, Maryland (2013)
Fort Hollingsworth, erected by the citizens of Cecil County, Maryland, in April 1813 to protect the area from British incursions, was one of a series of small breastworks that protected the upper reaches of the Chesapeake Bay and the ‘back door’ to Philadelphia during the War of 1812. Fort Hollingsworth saw brief action in 1814 and, after the war, was demolished and the land returned to farming. Geophysical survey, exploratory soil borings, and detailed topographic mapping, and focused...
"Little necessaries or comforts": Enslaved Laborers’ Access to Markets within the Anglophone Caribbean (2016)
At the household level, analysis of material culture recovered from Caribbean plantation villages has revealed internal groups with differential access to resources. The dynamic economic systems that enslaved people developed necessarily depended on local expectations of labor and subsistence cultivation, as well as Atlantic shifts in commodity prices and political control. Expanding on household studies, I assess marketing strategies between plantation communities by tracing how imported goods...