South America (Geographic Keyword)
276-300 (1,291 Records)
Based on geo-archaeological studies on the Argentine–Chilean border in the southern Andes, a method is proposed for ranking lithic sources based on the quality of the material, cost of accessibility, and location along travel corridors. In the upper Las Taguas river valley (northwestern San Juan Province, Argentina, 5500–3700 masl), 32,622 lithic artifacts from 30 sites were analyzed to study the variation in the use of seven lithic sources between 10,000 and 500 cal BP. We ranked the time...
Craft Production at Cerro Baúl: Unattached Specialization on the Wari Frontier (2017)
This paper presents preliminary analysis and interpretations of a craft production space located within a single residential patio group on the summit of Cerro Baúl, located in the Moquegua Valley of Peru on the Wari- Tiwanaku frontier. Excavations in a patio group located close to a Tiwanaku temple exposed a dense artifact midden which included obsidian points and debitage, shell and lithic beads, burnt ceramics, and bone. Evidence of subfloor offerings, marked by multiple cuy internments in...
Crafting and ordering the sacred space: Landscape, religion and political organization of the Manteño Society of Costal Ecuador. (2016)
Powerful chiefly elites seem to have been always concern with “crafting “ themes of ideological order to convince followers of their divinity character and justify being at the top of social and political hierarchy. This concern in some instances have resulted in the “institutionalization of belief systems forged by these elites. In coastal Ecuador, prior the Spanish conquest, the Manteño society developed a religion system that was based on the creation of a sacred landscape, around which, they...
Crafting Identity and Wealth on the North Coast of Peru (2015)
The "organization of production" is not a monolithic, homogeneous entity in complex empires, and the production of different types of goods will be organized commensurate with the role they play in sociopolitical processes. In this paper, I investigate the ways in which craft production was reorganized after the Inka conquest of the Chimú polity of Peru to control the creation and deployment of wealth and to manipulate the construction of social identity in the changing sociopolitical landscape....
The Creation of Colonial Sacred Space and Landscapes around Nevado Sajama, Bolivia (2016)
Around the mountain of Sajama in western Bolivia exists a network of pre-Hispanic linear pathways that connect villages, chapels, churches, and hilltop altars. These pathways were primarily used in the Colonial era (1532-1825) but are still used by the local Aymara people for fiestas and rituals. The creation and transformation of this space demonstrates a changing ritual practice that occasionally reused pre-Hispanic places to combine Catholic and Andean sacred elements. Through this...
Crosscurrents of Culture: Arts of Africa and the Americas in Alabama Collections (1997)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Cucurbits in Andean Prehistory (1983)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
The Culebra and Ronquin Paleosols and Their Vessel Assemblages (2015)
The Culebra and Ronquin Paleosols and Their Vessel Assemblages William P. Barse Rim sherds from the Culebra and Ronquin sites along the Orinoco River reflect a broadly- shared range of common vessel shapes. The suite of bowls, jars, platters and other shape categories reflect the existence of a common household repertoire of vessels used in food serving, storage and preparation activities. This presentation reviews the commonalities in the range of vessel shapes recovered from secure,...
Cultivated Plants of South and Central America (1950)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at...
Cultivation of Manioc Among the Kuikuru of the Upper XIngu. In: Adaptive Responses of Native Amazonians (1983)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
A Cultura Tropical e a Origem da Antropização da Amazônia (2017)
Arqueólogos estão revelando que além de terem domesticado algumas plantas para consumo, como a mandioca, por exemplo, os indígenas teriam agido de modo a cultivar florestas inteiras! Além disso, pesquisadores de diferentes áreas do conhecimento estão confirmando que a formação de parte das florestas e biodiversidade amazônicas, é produto da seleção cultural de espécies. A consequência disto foi que, muito provavelmente, boa parte das florestas conhecidas como naturais seriam, na verdade, obra...
Cultura Viva y Arqueología, del Rgistro de la Memoria por Propios y Extraños (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Working with the Community in Ecuador" session, at the 84th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. El proyecto Cultura Viva se genera a partir de acciones públicas en comunidades interesadas en revalorizar sus costumbres, y que se encuentren dentro del área de influencia de las actividades de los proyectos arqueológicos realizados en la Costa del Ecuador, principalmente. Cultura Viva ha gestionado el levantamiento de rasgos de la herencia...
Cultural implications of neutron activation analysis of ceramics from Palmitopamba, Ecuador (2016)
The cloud forest site of Palmitopamba in northwestern Ecuador was occupied for centuries by the Yumbos prior to the arrival of Incas around 1500. Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been performed on ceramics we have excavated there and which represent those two groups, on a third pottery complex widely identified in Ecuador as Cosanga or Panzaleo, and on raw clay samples from the vicinity of Palmitopamba. The results of some 140 analyses are presented. These imply that the Inca pottery...
Cultural Inclusion and the use of Technology (2016)
The presentation intends to show the work and results achieved with local communities from Brazil. Those communities are culturally related to archaeological work near inhabited areas or in indigenous lands. The presentation intends to show how those communities are included in the archaeological project and what tools are used in order to reach positive outcomes. This paper highlights the technological tools used in order to be more efficient in teaching the communities and making the...
Cultural Interaction and Cultural Change in the Peruvian Central Highland Valley of Ayacucho (2015)
Human societies are not isolated islands; instead, they are part of a complex web that links them with distant communities who are not only culturally different, but also inhabit different environmental settings. In the distant past, cultural interaction was a window that enabled the exposure to previously unknown cultural customs and the flow of ideas, in addition to access to foreign exotic goods and the establishment of new kinship ties. Contact with more complex societies and important...
Cultural interaction and Fueguian Islands archaeology: discussing Middle and Late Holocene (50º-55º South Latitude, Chile) (2017)
The Fueguian archipelago, dominated by three mayor islands, namely Tierra del Fuego, Dawson and Navarino, is located namely at southernmost end of South America and was peopled by hunter-gatherer societies from c. 10.500 BP to the 20th century. Sea coastline areas have evidence of specialized marine adaptation since c. 7.000 BP, including navigation. Ethnohistoric and ethnographic records account for an overlapping network area of three groups: Selk'nam land hunters and Alacalufe or Kawésqar...
The Cultural Kaleidoscope in the "Island of Guiana" (2017)
The Guiana Shield is an island demarcated by the massive river systems of the Orinoco and Amazon and the northeast coastline of South America. Numerous Amerindian groups with distinct identities have occupied the region for thousands of years. In the contexts of maintaining distinct identities and active processes of ethnogenesis, well-established webs of relations and exchange exist across the region. Relations of production and distribution long documented ethnohistorically and...
Cultural Materialism, Split Inheritance, and the Expansion of Ancient Peruvian Empires (1981)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Cultural Responses to Climate Changes in Preceramic Coastal Peru (2017)
Research at the archaeological site of Yara in southern coastal Peru has revealed at least three separate levels of human occupation in sequence with several large debris flow deposits. In this extremely arid environment these debris flows represent strong El Niño events that were potentially catastrophic to the inhabitants of the region. Evidence for the repeated occupation of the landscape in the face of these episodic hardships provides a window into human responses to the changing...
Culture at an Andean Crossroads: New Analysis of Chorrera Ceramics from the Jama River Valley, Manabi, Ecuador (2016)
The archaeology of Late Formative Ecuador (ca. 2800-2000 BCE) remains only partially explored and understood, especially when compared to studies of contemporary cultures in the Andes of Peru and Bolivia. However, ceramics looted from these contexts suggest a vibrant and complex array of cultures in this region. Excavations in the Jama River Valley of northern Manabí, performed in the early 1990s but largely unpublished, explored multiple sites pertaining to the Chorrera style, one of Ecuador’s...
Culture-Ecology of Shifting (Pioneering) Cultivation Among the Yanomamo Indians. In: Peoples and Cultures of Native South America (1973)
This resource is a citation record only, the Center for Digital Antiquity does not have a copy of this document. The information in this record has been migrated into tDAR from the National Archaeological Database Reports Module (NADB-R) and updated. Most NADB-R records consist of a document citation and other metadata but do not have the documents themselves uploaded. If you have a digital copy of the document and would like to have it curated in tDAR, please contact us at comments@tdar.org.
Daily Practices and the Creation of Cultural Landscapes in Amazonia (2017)
Short-term, small-scale interactions between humans and the environment may result in profound transformations of that environment over time. Recent archaeological research in Amazonia has revealed the extent that daily practices, such as refuse disposal or cultivation, have modified the soil in the vicinity of ancient and modern settlements. The fertile anthropic soil known as terra preta, formed mainly through the discard of refuse around habitation areas, is an example of how quotidian...
A Database of Neutron Activation Analysis Characterizing Indigenous Ceramics from South America (2016)
The earliest ceramics in South America were made by the indigenous peoples at least 7500 years BP. Ceramics were used for a variety of purposes, including cooking and storage vessels, funerary urns, toys, ceremonial items, sculptures and other art forms. Over the past 25 years, the Archaeometry Laboratory at the University of Missouri Research Reactor has performed neutron activation analysis on more than 7,000 ceramics and clays from locations throughout South America to establish a...
Date and context of early mussel shell fishhooks (Choromytilus chorus) from the southern coast of the Atacama Desert, Taltal, Chile. (2016)
Fishing tools made on marine shells are an important aspect in the economy of prehistoric fishing groups around the world. The oldest shell fishhook along the Pacific Coast of the American Continent dates around 10000 years BP and comes from Baja California, Mexico. On the northern coast of Chile, fishhooks on mussel shell (Choromytilus chorus) have been recovered from the archaeological site of Morro Colorado with dates between 8500 and 6500 cal BP. The appearance of this technology marks the...
De regreso al Valle de los Quijos (Ecuador): aproximaciones gráficas factoriales para interpretar la concentración de basura prehistórica como el momento de compactación sociopolítica de los cacicazgos (2016)
Estudios neo- evolucionistas desarrollados en las últimas décadas, muchos inspirados en las investigaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en el Valle de la Plata, Colombia, plantean como un elemento fundamental la identificación de unidades políticas cacicales a partir de la dispersión de material cultural en la superficie de las áreas prospectadas. Investigaciones recientes llevadas adelante por nosotros en el Valle de los ríos Cosanga y Quijos, en la Ceja de Montaña Oriental de los Andes...