United States of America (Geographic Keyword)
76-100 (3,819 Records)
Historical archaeologists have long noted the importance of consumer behavior, especially in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. However, archaeological interpretations of consumer behavior tend to focus narrowly on race or status. While anthropologists have often emphasized the importance of factors such as the household's age structure, lifecycle, and kin relationships within the context of the wider community, archaeologists have paid less attention to these factors. Using data from the...
Agricultural Practices in the Upper Casamance Region, Senegal, 7th-19th Centuries AD: Archaeobotanical Results from Payoungou and Korop (2018)
As a result of more than 60 years of archaeobotanical research, West Africa is recognized as an important independent centre of crop domestication, and archaeobotany has shed light on the connection between the crops and foodways of West Africa and those of the American south. But much remains unknown of the history of timing and processes of West African crop domestication, and food production and processing within this ethnically and environmentally diverse region. Formerly part of the greater...
Agriculture As Impetus For Culture Contact In Carolina During The 1670s (2016)
The first colonists who arrived at Charles Towne in 1670 came with new tropical cultivars and familiar, Old World crops, as well as explicit planting instructions from the Lords Proprietors—mainly Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper, the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury. Shaftesbury was himself an avid British planter and asserted that planting, and nothing else, created colonies. His first plantation in Carolina did not produce the crops he desired, and in 1674, he founded a new, much larger estate farm. This...
Aiding Archaeological Site Interpretation through Soil Geochemistry (2016)
This paper synthesizes the results of 45 soil geochemical studies undertaken on historic archaeological sites in Delaware since the 1990s that utilized weak acid extraction methods. Analysis was completed as part of an alternative mitigation survey for Delaware’s U.S. Route 301 project. The data reveals the importance of soil geochemistry in site and feature interpretation, site boundary delineation, archaeological site prospection, and spatial use analysis within sites. Soil geochemistry aids...
Aircraft Recovery for Education: Lessons Learned by The National Naval Aviation Museum. (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Developing Standard Methods, Public Interpretation, and Management Strategies on Submerged Military Archaeology Sites" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The mission of the National Naval Aviation Museum (NNAM), a Naval and History Heritage Command field museum, is to "select, collect, preserve and display historic artifacts relating to the history of Naval Aviation." NNAM uses a wide variety of aircraft, artifacts,...
The Alamo Underground: Recent Excavations at Mission San Antonio de Valero (2018)
Recent excavations at the Mission San Antonio de Valero (the Alamo) revealed that in the midst of the highly developed urban landscape of San Antonio, pockets of archaeological deposits remain nestled between utilities, streets, and beautification improvements. Excavations at the west and south wall complexes revealed evidence of architectural features and three centuries of refuse left behind by San Antonio's residents as they reinvented the physical landscape. The diversity of material culture...
Albania Ancient Shipwreck Project (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. This poster presents an overview of the Albania Ancient Shipwreck Project, funded by the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA). In collaboration with RPM Nautical Foundation (RPM) and the Albanian National Agency of the Coastline, the Project has conducted two field seasons, assessing known shipwreck sites and surveying the coast for potential future excavation. Spanning both the Ionian...
Albert’s Corset? A Queer Approach to Middle-Range Theory (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Gender Revolutions: Disrupting Heteronormative Practices and Epistemologies" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. Popularized by Binford, middle-range theory works at the intersection between data and interpretation to analyze the ways social practices manifest archaeologically. In this paper, I take a queer approach to the middle-range that critically engages the often-elided barrier between social...
Alcohol and Drinking in Historical Archaeological Perspective (2013)
In 2004, Michael Nassaney told me of his plans for a thematic series in historical archaeology with the University Press of Florida. Since that time the series has emerged and resulted in the publication of a dozen books that provide important insights for archaeologists exploring key issues shaping life in the modern era. Given my work on alcohol studies in the Caribbean, I saw the series as an opportunity to present my particular alcohol-related findings from Barbados. Moreover, while...
The Alexandria Archaeological Protection Code: Managing Archaeology within the Framework of City Development (2017)
Archaeological investigations at 220 S. Union Street are just the first of a series of upcoming excavations along Alexandria’s historic Waterfront. On November 18th, 1989, the City Council of Alexandria, Virginia adopted the one of the first local archaeological protection ordinances in the country, which requires an assessment of the potential archaeological significance prior to "ground disturbing activity" in the City. This framework provides an environment through which Alexandria...
All Inclusive: an Archaeological Investigation and Material Analysis of Tabby Remains at Middle Place Plantation (9CH158), Ossabaw Island, Chatham County, Georgia (2017)
This investigation includes field methods from terrestrial archaeology, buildings archaeology, and incorporates digital survey techniques and material analysis to better understand the development and history of Middle Place Plantation (9CH158). We will survey tabby structures throughout the Georgia coastal region including industrial buildings, martial architecture, slave quarters, and structures of the elite to position Middle Place within the context of Ossabaw Island and the broader coastal...
All of the Above: Public Archeology and Outreach at Independence National Historical Park (2016)
Public outreach has been part of the archeological research conducted by Independence National Historical Park since the inception of such studies more fifty years ago. These early efforts, by pioneers like Paul Schumacher, John Cotter, and Barbara Liggett at sites like Independence Square and Franklin Court, serve as the foundation for the park's current program of public archeology. Today, the practice of archeology in the park both serves and is shaped by diverse and distinct communities of...
All The Single Ladies: Queering Race In The 19th Century Through The Materiality of African-American Female-Headed Households (2015)
Unspoken in discussions of heteronormativity is not only the assumption that couples are straight, but also that they are white and middle class. Thus, by definition. as non-heteronormative households, black families can be considered queer. In this paper, we explore the ways that queer theory offers new intellectual opportunities and frameworks to explore archaeologies of race and racialization. Using case studies from 19th century Louisiana and Illinois, we will examine the households and...
All the Small Things: An Analysis of Small Finds at James Madison’s Montpelier Plantation (2015)
Over the past two decades, archaeology at Montpelier has provided a critical perspective into the lives of the enslaved individuals who lived and worked on the plantation. Excavations of the Montpelier Field Quarter and the South Yard have yielded a unique opportunity to further our understanding of the cultural impact on the landscape. Small finds, such as sewing and smoking implements are examples of important domestic artifacts found at many of these excavations. The proposed research will...
"All the Usual Improvements": Rediscovering the Plantation Landscape at James Monroe’s Highland (2018)
Unlike other Presidential plantations, archaeological research at Highland has been relatively limited. This, combined with a complex occupational history and sparse documentary records, has provided little evidence of the plantation landscape constructed by Monroe in 1799 or clues to how that landscape was reshaped by subsequent owners. However, spurred by the recent discovery of the original plantation house, ongoing archaeological survey is providing new insights into landscape organization...
"All The Usual Improvements": Understanding The Plantation Landscape At Ash Lawn-Highland (2016)
Much of the existing scholarship on Ash Lawn-Highland has focused upon President Monroe’s domestic and political life, but little is known about the day-to-day functioning of the plantation including agricultural production, land management strategies, and the lives of enslaved laborers. In some ways these aspects have been seen as peripheral to Monroe’s political ascendance; however, in 19th-century Virginia, the productive organization of the plantation was socially significant, communicating...
All the Vaults of the City Cemeteries are Piled High with Coffins: Discovering Victims of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "Mortuary Monuments and Archaeology: Current Research" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. A small plot of land in the southeast corner of Washington Monumental Cemetery was reputed to contain victims of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. In some respects, this area of the cemetery had characteristics of lots within Rural Cemeteries that were often located within the rear and reserved for those of less financial...
All the Yards a Market: Bones of Dissent and the Seed of Reproduction (2015)
Subsistence gardening and animal rearing were as integral to the expansion of U.S. capitalism as the coal that fueled its development. Labor performed at the home provided an effective means of workforce reproduction without significant capital investment by elites while also providing an outlet for laborer resistance to company control. In particular, these skills aided the working-class during labor strikes and periods of unemployment. Working-class communities were paradoxically situated...
All Them Ditches: The Spanish Colonial Water Management System of San Antonio de Bexar (2017)
Remnants of one of the largest and most extensive Spanish Colonial acequia water systems in the United States can be found in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. Acequias contributed to the flourishing of the missions and colonial farming settlements in San Antonio de Bexar. This extensive system of ditches redirected water in various parts of present day Bexar County for agricultural and household purposes. At least six principal acequias and numerous secondary branches have been identified with...
Allensworth: An Archaeological Exploration of Health Management (2020)
This is an abstract from the session entitled "California: Post-1850s Consumption and Use Patterns in Negotiated Spaces" , at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The spirit of revolution and survivance has become a core tenet in the fabric of American history, exponentially so within the African American community. After the dissolution of the Reconstruction Era, African Americans were faced with the legislative and social constraints of the Jim Crow Era, which...
All’s Well That Ends Well: The Re-Examination of Drayton Hall’s South Flanker Well (2015)
Drayton Hall was established by John Drayton in 1738 to operate as the home seat at the center of his vast commercial plantation network in Charleston, SC. Upon obtaining ownership of Drayton Hall in 1974, the National Trust for Historic Preservation initiated archaeological excavations to expose evidence of the plantation’s eighteenth and nineteenth century activities and residents. The 1975 excavations uncovered a well just south of the South Flanker building. The wood-lined well was excavated...
Alone in the Deep Blue Sea: A comparison of Indonesian Colonial Period nutmeg plantations and New World plantations (2015)
Plantations on the nutmeg-bearing Banda Islands are contemporaneous with early North American plantations and are an excellent place to investigate cross-cultural responses to colonialism. The Banda Islands were the world’s sole source of nutmeg in the 16th century and control over this spice was a major goal for European powers during the Age of Expansion. Consequently, the Banda Islands were the location of early experiments in colonialism by European powers and can provide information for...
Alsatian Foodways in 19th Century Texas: A Faunal Analysis of Remains from the Biry House Excavations (2017)
The Jacob Biry House in Castroville, Texas was a multi-generational household occupied by Alsatian immigrants and their descendant community. The faunal remains from one feature, a lime slaking pit, were analyzed to determine the subsistence practices and foodways of Alsatian descendants who occupied the house in the 1920s. The specimens were analyzed and compared to Binghamton University’s comparative collection and published zooarchaeological texts to identify species and elements. Techniques...
Alternative Methods To Using Sucrose In Wood Conservation (2020)
This is a poster submission presented at the 2020 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. In recent years, conservators have identified risks associated with the use of sucrose as a bulking agent for waterlogged wood. These include shrinkage, color change, failure to support highly degraded wood, and difficulty in detecting microbial bacteria. Experiments are planned to test the results of conservation on wood samples recovered from a Spanish colonization vessel (Emanuel Point...
Amelia Earhart Versus Castaway Cobbler, The Notorious Bones Of Nikumaroro Island (2019)
This is an abstract from the "Exploring the Recent Past" session, at the 2019 annual meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology. The disappearance of the famous aviatrix Amelia Earhart and her navigator Fred Noonan during an attempted around-the-world flight in 1937 remain a compelling mystery. In March 2018, news media worldwide proclaimed that a new analysis of human remains found on Nikumaroro Island in the Pacific shows with ostensible 99% certainty that they were Earhart's. This...