Controlled Experiments in Lithic Technology and Function

Investigating how stone tools were produced and used by hominins is one of the key research areas in the study of the evolution of human behavior. Over the last decades, paleoanthropological research has focused on diverse aspects of stone tool-related behaviors of past humans, such as the procuring of raw materials, manufacturing techniques, the manipulation of physical proprieties (e.g., heat treatment), and actual tool use.

Experiments have long been used to address these different aspects, aiming to replicate the manipulation of different types of rocks in 'laboratory'-like, forensic settings. Controlled experiments try to improve archaeological interpretations by isolating different physical or chemical factors for a better understanding of which and how different variables affect final results. Further, controlled experiments are designed to improve the identification, measurement, and analysis of all the involved variables and. This session focuses on state-of-the-art research using controlled experiments in both lithic technological (production-related) and functional (use-related) studies. The session's primary aim is to explore different methodological protocols and standards as well as to address research questions aimed at interpreting the archaeological record. A secondary aim is to create awareness of controlled experiments as a valid and important tool in archaeological methodology.