Archaeological Evalution of 38JA175 on the Telfair Plantation Tract

Year: 2005

Summary

"Brockington and Associates, Inc., undertook testing investigations at 38JA175 on the Telfair Plantation Tract in February 2005. We recommend site 38JA175 eligible for the NRHP. This work was undertaken in order to provide compliance with current state and federal regulations regarding the management of cultural resources in the coastal zone of South Carolina. Compliance is administered by the regulatory programs of the South Carolina Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. If this site or the significant portions of the site cannot be preserved, development activities at this site will have an adverse effect on 38JA175. Site 38JA175 contains remains of a slave village (c.1830-1870) associated with Langdon Cheves’ historic Delta Plantation. Structural elements of homes and possibly outbuildings were uncovered through shovel testing, 50 by 50 cm exploratory unit testing, and larger unit and mechanical excavations. Artifact frequencies and types point to a domestic, as well as work related, habitation. Intact subsurface deposits warrant further excavations and research."

Cite this Record

Archaeological Evalution of 38JA175 on the Telfair Plantation Tract. Mt. Pleasant, SC: Brockington and Associates, Inc. 2005 ( tDAR id: 391273) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8BR8TFN

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

URL: http://artsandsciences.sc.edu/sciaa/


Keywords

Culture
African American • Euroamerican • Historic

Material
Building Materials • Ceramic • Chipped Stone • Fauna • Glass • Metal

Site Name
Delta Plantation • Inverary Plantation • Site No. 38JA175 - Slave Settlement • Telfair Plantation

Site Type
Agricultural Field or Field Feature • Agricultural or Herding • Archaeological Feature • Artifact Scatter • Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex • Domestic Structures • Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features • Settlements

Investigation Types
Archaeological Overview • Consultation • Environment Research • Heritage Management • Historic Background Research • Site Evaluation / Testing • Systematic Survey

General
Albany Slip Stoneware • Alkaline-Glazed Stoneware • Amber Bottle Glass Fragments • American blue and gray stoneware • Amethyst Bottle Glass Fragment • Animal Bone Fragments • Annular Buffware Sherds • Annular Whiteware Sherds • Annular Yelloware • Aqua Glass Bottle Fragments • Aqua Window Glass • Astburyware • Black Transfer-Printed Whiteware • Blue Hand Painted Pearlware Sherds • Blue Shell Edged Whiteware Sherds • Blue Transfer Printed Ironstone • Bolt • Brass Buttons • Brick Foundation • Brick Piers • Bristol slip stoneware • Brown Bottle Glass • Brown Glazed Buffware • Brown Salt Glazed Stoneware • Builder's Trench • Ceramic Tile • Chert Secondary Bifacial Reduction Flakes • Chert Shatter • Chinese Blue Underglazed Porcelain Sherds • Clear Bottle Glass Fragments • Clear Free Blown Glass Fragments • Clear Machine Made Bottle Glass • Clear Mold Blown Bottle Glass • Clear Panel Bottle Glass • Clear Salt Glazed Stoneware Sherds • Clear Window Glass Fragments • Coarse Sand Tempered Plain Body Sherds • Coarse Sand Tempered Plain Rim Sherd • Cobalt Blue Glass Bottle Fragments • Color Glazed Whiteware Sherds • Cord Marked Sherds • Cut Nails • Cut Tumbler • Dark Olive Green Bottle Glass • Decal Decorated Ironstone • Delta Plantation • Dot and Trail Buffware Sherds • Emerald Green Bottle Glass Fragments • English Type Gun Flint • Eroded Body Sherd • Finger Painted Whiteware Sherds • Gilt Decorated Porcelain • Glass Buttons • glass tumblers • Green Glazed Whiteware • Green Transfer Printed Pearlware • Hand Painted Ironstone Sherds • Hand Painted Whiteware • Heat Treated Chert Flakes • Hoes • Hotel Grade Porcelain • Inverary Plantation • Iron Buttons • Iron Hinge • Kaolin Pipe Stems • Kettle Fragments • Lead Glazed Stoneware • Light Blue Bottle Glass • Milkglass Fragments • Mocha Yellowware • Mold/Pressed Unidentifiable Form Table Glass • Mold Decorated Ironstone Sherds • Mold Decorated Porcelain Sherd • Mold Decorated Whiteware Sherds • Nails • Olive Green Glass Bottle Fragments • Oyster • Percussion Caps • Plastic • Plastic Button • Plow Scars • Porcelain Button • Red Glazed Whiteware • Red Transfer Printed Whiteware • Residual Sherds • Rockingham Ware • Rubber Buttons • Shovel • Simple Stamped Body Sherd • Slate • Spikes • Sponged Whiteware • Staffordshire Buffware • Stamped Kaolin Pipe Bowl • Stoneware Ink Bottle • Teal Bottle Glass Fragments • Teeth • Telfair Plantation • Turtle Shell • Undecorated Ironstone Sherds • Undecorated Pearlware Sherds • Undecorated Slip Buffware • Undecorated Slipware Sherds • Undecorated Whiteware • Undecorated Yelloware Sherd • Unglazed Brick Fragments • Unglazed Porcelain • Unidentifiable Iron Fragments • Unidentifiable Tableglass • Wire Nails • Yellow Bottle Glass Fragments Show More

Geographic Keywords
Jasper (County)

Temporal Keywords
Post-Contact Period

Temporal Coverage

Calendar Date: 1938 to 2000 (Western portion of the Hardee tract owned by The Delta Plantation Development Corporation (which they slowly expanded upon by additional purchases over the next several years(Second date unknown)))

Calendar Date: 2000 to 2005 (The Telfair Plantation portion owned by Savannah Properties LLC)

Calendar Date: 1823 to 1830 (Land owned by Charles W. Rogers)

Calendar Date: 1830 to 1921 (Land owned by Langdon Cheeves and family and also bought the neghboring Smith Plantation at some point)

Calendar Date: 1768 to 1768 (Smith sells 811 acres to Basil Cowper)

Calendar Date: 1921 to 1921 (Land owned by Frederick Eslick)

Calendar Date: 1814 to 1818 (William bought out his Sister's portion until he was declared a lunatic)

Calendar Date: 1759 to 1761 (Land granted to John Smith over two grants and became known as "Delta Plantation")

Calendar Date: 1830 to 1870 (Estimated year range of occupation at site 38JA175)

Calendar Date: 1770 to 1770 (Smith sells the rest of the land to trustees for Lord and Lady William Campbell and was renamed Inverary Plantation)

Calendar Date: 1920 to 1927 (Hardee tract owned by Dona C. Huston)

Calendar Date: 1860 to 1920 (Adjacent land granted to Henry T. Hardee)

Calendar Date: 1929 to 1938 (Hardee tract owned by Cheeves son H.K. Hudson)

Calendar Date: 1927 to 1929 (Hardee tract owned by Carolyn Stark)

Calendar Date: 1938 to 1938 (Hardee tract owned by James and Martha Denham)

Calendar Date: 1989 to 1989 (The year that site 38JA175 was located by Brockington and Associates, Inc.)

Spatial Coverage

min long: -81.256; min lat: 31.883 ; max long: -80.806; max lat: 32.576 ;

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contributor(s): Andrew Agha

Principal Investigator(s): Eric C. Poplin

Sponsor(s): North Savannah Properties, LLC

Prepared By(s): Brockington and Associates, Inc.

Notes

General Note: "Site 38JA175 is a Post-contact surface and subsurface scatter of nineteenth century artifacts. This site contains intact stratigraphy and features; only disturbance associated with plowing has occurred within the heart of the site. Based on the 456 datable ceramic sherds recovered from shovel tests and test units, we believe this site contains features associated with structures and activity areas from a nineteenth century slave occupation associated with Langdon Cheves’ Delta Plantation. Archival documents indicate that Langdon Cheves became involved in rice farming in the 1830s. This village likely is associated with this agricultural endeavor and will permit us allowing us to understand how slaves worked and lived on a plantation located on the Savannah River. Although the artifacts found point almost exclusively to a mid-19th century occupation, we are unsure if the village was occupied after Emancipation. More excavations will help resolve this question. During the Phase II archaeological testing we identified intact subsurface features that can yield information important to the history of the region. This site possesses artifacts that can be 41 employed to determine the past use of the locale and to address a variety of research questions regarding the lifeways of enslaved Africans. Site 38JA175 is recommended eligible for the NRHP. Ground disturbing activities at this site will have an adverse effect on 38JA175 and should be avoided. If ground disturbing activities cannot avoid the site, appropriate data recovery plans should be developed and implemented to mitigate these adverse effects."

File Information

  Name Size Creation Date Date Uploaded Access
delta-west-testing-final-report.pdf 6.92mb Jul 12, 2013 2:30:23 PM Confidential
redacted-delta-west-testing-final-report.pdf 6.17mb Jul 15, 2013 8:05:25 AM Public