Cultural Resources Survey of the North Columbia Quarry Tract

Author(s): Michael Walsh; Jennifer Salo; Allison Wind; Damon Jackson

Year: 2010

Summary

"Between April 20 and May 1, 2009, Brockington and Associates, Inc., conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of the 315 uplands acres of the 508-acre North Columbia Quarry project tract in Richland County, South Carolina. The project tract was divided into 315 acres of uplands, consisting of ridges and drainages, and 193 acres of the Broad River and Nipper Creek floodplains. Geoarcheology Research Associates conducted the geoarchaeological survey of the floodplains. This work was conducted for Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., in compliance with the regulatory programs of the US Army Corps of Engineers (33 CFR Part 325).

The cultural resources survey included a review of land ownership and use recorded in public documents, a review of previous investigations near the tract, surface inspection and excavation of shovel tests at 30-meter intervals across the upland portion of the project tract, and geoarchaeological survey (using a geoprobe) of the floodplain portion of the project tract.

Investigators from Brockington and Associates, Inc., identified 13 archaeological sites (38RD1348–38RD1360) and a single isolated find (Isolate 1) in the uplands portion of the tract. We recommend three of these sites (38RD1350, 38RD1355, and 38RD1360) potentially eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). We advise that proposed grounddisturbing activities in the vicinity of these sites should be avoided. If sites 38RD1350, 38RD1355, and 38RD1360 cannot be preserved in place, we recommend that evaluative testing be conducted to determine definitively the NRHP eligibility of each site."

Cite this Record

Cultural Resources Survey of the North Columbia Quarry Tract. Michael Walsh, Jennifer Salo, Allison Wind, Damon Jackson. Mt. Pleasant, SC: Brockington and Associates, Inc. 2010 ( tDAR id: 391287) ; doi:10.6067/XCV8J967P2

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

URL: http://artsandsciences.sc.edu/sciaa/


Keywords

Culture
Archaic • Historic • Late Archaic • Middle Archaic • Woodland

Material
Building Materials • Ceramic • Fire Cracked Rock • Glass • Ground Stone • Human Remains • Metal

Site Name
Site No. 38RD1348 • Site No. 38RD1349 • Site No. 38RD1350 - Potentially Eligible NRHP • Site No. 38RD1351 • Site No. 38RD1352 • Site No. 38RD1353 • Site No. 38RD1354 • Site No. 38RD1355 - 19th to early 20th Century Occupation Site(Potentially Eligible NRHP) • Site No. 38RD1356 • Site No. 38RD1357 - Cemetery • Site No. 38RD1358 • Site No. 38RD1359 • Site No. 38RD1360 - Potentially Eligible NRHP

Site Type
Archaeological Feature • Cemetery • Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex • Domestic Structures • Funerary and Burial Structures or Features • House Mound • Isolated Artifact

Investigation Types
Archaeological Overview • Consultation • Data Recovery / Excavation • Environment Research • Geophysical Survey • Heritage Management • Historic Background Research • Records Search / Inventory Checking • Site Evaluation / Testing • Systematic Survey

General
Alkaline-Glazed Stoneware • Amber Panel Bottle Glass • Amethyst Bottle Glass Fragment • Aqua Bottle Glass Fragments • Aqua Glass Bottle Lip Fragments • Aqua Panel Bottle Glass • Brass Buttons • Brick Fragments • Brown Bottle Glass • Chimney Base • Clear Bottle Glass Fragments • Clear Window Glass Fragments • Colorless Glass Bottle Fragments • Cut Nails • Eroded Body Coarse Sand Temper Sherds • Field Stone • Fire Cracked Rock • Geoarchaeological Analysis • Glaze Absent Stoneware Gray-Bodied Base Sherd • Harmonica • Iron Spikes • Ironstone • Iron Strap Fragment • Iron Wedge • L-Head Cut Nails • Metavolcanic Flake Fragments • Metavolcanic Tertiary Core Reduction Flake • Milkglass Fragments • Milky Quartz Flake Tool • Milky Quartz Shatter • Milky Quartz Tertiary Bifacial Reduction Flake • Milky Quartz Tertiary Core reduction Flake • Molded Kaolin Pipe Bowl • Olive Green Glass Bottle Fragments • Porcelain Button • Quartzite Biface Tool • Quartzite Cobble Fragment • Quartzite Fire Cracked Rock • Quartzite Flake Fragment • Quartzite Guilford Projectile Point • Quartzite Primary Flake • Quartzite Secondary Core Reduction Flake • Quartzite Shatter • Quartzite Tertiary Core Reduction Flake • Red Overglaze Hand Painted Porcelain Body Sherd, White • Residual Sherds • Schist Flake Fragments • Schist Shatter • Schist Tertiary Bifacial Reduction Flake • Schist Utilized Flake Tool • Solarized Amethyst Glass • Square Nails • Translucent Quartz Biface Tool Fragments • Translucent Quartz Debitage • Translucent Quartz Flake Fragments • Translucent Quartz Primary Flake • Translucent Quartz Projectile Point Fragment • Translucent Quartz Shatter • Translucent Quartz Tertiary Bifacial Reduction Flake • Translucent Quartz Tertiary Core Reduction Flake • Undecorated Ironstone Sherds • Unidentifiable Stoneware • White Porcelain Sherd • Whiteware • Wire Nails Show More

Geographic Keywords
Broad River • Broad River Floodplain • Nipper Creek Floodplain • Richland (County) • Southern Piedmont Physiographic Province

Temporal Keywords
Post-Contact Period • Pre-Contact Period

Temporal Coverage

Calendar Date: 1803 to 1850 (Land granted to Sterling C. Williamson)

Calendar Date: 1895 to 1905 (Williamson Place owned by Chrisitan's son William Preston)

Calendar Date: 1986 to 2006 (Land owned by Indigo Associates, LLC)

Calendar Date: 1864 to 1895 (Land owned by Christian's sister Faustina)

Calendar Date: 1850 to 1864 (Land and surrounding lands owned by Christian Bookter)

Calendar Date: 1905 to 1986 (Land owned by G.A. Guignard and family)

Spatial Coverage

min long: -81.206; min lat: 33.904 ; max long: -80.893; max lat: 34.112 ;

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contact(s): Richard Broughton; David Risner; Scott Ellis; Amanda Williams; Jonathan Leader

Contributor(s): Paige Wagoner; Brian Falls; Scott Kitchens; Jimmy LeFebre; Mark A. Smith; Michael Aiuvalasit; Blair Stec; Lauren Andersen; Allison Wind; Damon Jackson; Michael Walsh; Jennifer Salo

Field Director(s): Jon Bernard Marcoux

Lab Director(s): Nicole Isenbarger

Principal Investigator(s): Johshua N. Fletcher; Joseph Schuldenrein

Sponsor(s): Martin Marietta Materials, Inc.

Prepared By(s): Brockington and Associates, Inc.; Geoarcheology Research Associates

Notes

Administration Note: The document presented here contains two formal reports. One is the main sponsored investigation done by Brockington and Associates, Inc. in 2010. The other report was a sponsored geoarchaeological survey conducted for Brockington and Associates, Inc. in 2009 by Geoarcheology Research Associates of Yonkers, New York.

General Note: "Geoarcheology Research Associates recommends follow-up work for portions of the Broad River floodplain and the Nipper Creek floodplain. The tracts for which such work is recommended include (1) portions of the Nipper Creek floodplain, (2) portions of the levee of the Broad River, and (3) the pluton ridge of the Broad River. Taken together, these three tracts comprise an area of 62 acres on project lands slated for adverse impacts that are not within proposed buffers or berms. This would amount to about 30 percent of the floodplain lands within the project tract. These landform segments are considered to have high to moderate potential for deeply buried archaeological deposits. Determinations for buried site potential are made on the strength of the presence of dated buried soils that constituted stable surfaces in the Pre-Contact past. Recommendations are bolstered by demonstrable evidence for Pre-Contact activity at previously investigated loci in the immediate vicinity of the project area. To test these landforms a systematic deep-testing strategy utilizing heavy equipment is recommended. Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., proposes buffers and a flood-control berm around the proposed quarry pit; there will be no subsurface disturbance of these areas (see Figure 1.2). The exclusion of the buffers and the berm reduces the area for proposed floodplain deep testing from 103 acres to approximately 62 acres. Martin Marietta Materials, Inc., will condition its mining permit such that if it ever wanted to change the proposed landuse practices of these areas, and conduct any type of subsurface disturbance, archaeologists would first have to complete additional deep testing in these areas."

File Information

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