Cut-Marked Bone of Drought-Tolerant Extinct Megafauna Deposited with Traces of Fire, Human Foraging, and Introduced Animals in SW Madagascar
Author(s): Sean Hixon; Alejandra Domic; Kristina Douglass; Patrick Roberts; Douglas Kennett
Year: 2023
Summary
This is an abstract from the "SAA 2023: Individual Abstracts" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology.
People could have hunted Madagascar’s megafauna to extinction, particularly when introduced taxa and drought exacerbated the effects of predation. However, such explanations are difficult to test due to the scarcity of individual sites with unambiguous traces of humans, introduced taxa, and endemic megaherbivores. We excavated three coastal ponds in arid SW Madagascar and present a unique combination of traces of human activity (modified pygmy hippo bone, processed estuarine shell and fish bone, and charcoal), along with bones of extinct megafauna (giant tortoises, pygmy hippos, and elephant birds), extirpated fauna (e.g., crocodiles), and introduced vertebrates (e.g., zebu cattle). The disappearance of megafauna from the study sites at ~1,000 years ago followed a relatively arid interval and closely coincides with increasingly frequent traces of human foraging, fire, and pastoralism. Our analyses fail to document drought-associated extirpation or multiple millennia of megafauna hunting and suggest that a late combination of hunting, forest clearance, and pastoralism drove extirpations.
Cite this Record
Cut-Marked Bone of Drought-Tolerant Extinct Megafauna Deposited with Traces of Fire, Human Foraging, and Introduced Animals in SW Madagascar. Sean Hixon, Alejandra Domic, Kristina Douglass, Patrick Roberts, Douglas Kennett. Presented at The 88th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. 2023 ( tDAR id: 474385)
This Resource is Part of the Following Collections
Keywords
General
Coastal and Island Archaeology
•
Extinction
•
Radiocarbon
•
Zooarchaeology
Geographic Keywords
Africa: Sub-Saharan Africa
Spatial Coverage
min long: -18.721; min lat: -35.174 ; max long: 61.699; max lat: 27.059 ;
Record Identifiers
Abstract Id(s): 35678.0