Ground Disturbance Monitoring (Investigation Type)

PROJECT Chris Drover. Shelby Manney.

Multi-component project containing both historic and pre-historic elements. It is located in Pala San Diego. This project is for JPOWER and will consist of a new Power Station that will be placed directly onto the footprint of a historic orange grove. The other impacts will include water, natural gas, and energy lines that will be dug and laid between 10 and fifteen miles coming to the power plant. The power station location is approx. 4 miles from the Pala mission and the eastern boarder...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Shelby Manney.

Multi-component project containing both historic and pre-historic elements. It is located in Pala San Diego. This project was for JPOWER and consisted of a new Power Station that will be placed directly onto the footprint of a historic orange grove. The other impacts included water, natural gas, and energy lines that will be dug and laid between 10 and fifteen miles coming to the power plant. The power station location is approx. 4 miles from the Pala mission and the eastern boarder of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jerome E. Petsche.

Within the past few years, the description and interpretation of archeological sites in the United States threatened or destroyed by programs of water impoundment, or natural agencies, has accelerated rapidly-virtually all of it as an outgrowth of the work of the Inter-Agency Archaeological Salvage Program. The resulting manuscripts and published reports have grown so voluminous since the inception of the program in 1945 that a checklist and guide to the accumulated scientific literature is...

DOCUMENT Full-Text John J. Hoffman.

The La Roche sites are located near the southern boundary of Stanley County, South Dakota, where the Missouri River, flowing to the east, makes a 90-degree turn to the south (Fig. 1). At this point, the high bluffs on the right bank of the river swing back and reveal a small, fertile floodplain known as the La Roche Bottoms. Prior to inundation in 1964, this bottom land and adjacent terrace contained the La Roche sites. Among these was 39ST9, one of the largest aboriginal occupations in the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Wilfred M. Husted.

This monograph constitutes the report of archeological salvage operations in the upper Yellowtail Reservoir of Montana and Wyoming. The investigations were conducted by the River Basin Surveys, Smithsonian Institution in cooperation with the National Park Service as a part of the Inter-agency Archeological and Paleontological Salvage Program. Archeological investigation of the Yellowtail Reservoir area by the River Basin Surveys spanned an 18-year period, from 1946 through the summer of 1964....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Warren W. (Warren Wendell) Caldwell. Richard E. Jensen.

This report in an outgrowth of activities of the Inter-agency Archeological and Paleontological Salvage Program. Since the program's inception in 1945, it has been sponsored, administered, and funded by the National Park Service, Department of the Interior. The National Park Service, following an agreement with the Smithsonian Institution in 1945 (revised 1961, 1965 ), assumed responsibility for over-all programing, funding, and administration. The Smithsonian Institution acts in a dual...

DOCUMENT Full-Text D. J. Lehmer.

The Fire Heart Creek site report by Donald J. Lehmer, is the first publication in the Smithsonian venture, Publications in Salvage Archeology, which was designed to report the results of investigation carried out under the federal archaeological salvage program. This series, published by the River Basin Survey of the Smithsonian Institution, included a total of 13 reports issued between 1966 and 1969. The Fire Heart Creek site is located on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, on the west...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Warren W. Caldwell.

The Black Partizan Site, a large fortified earth-lodge village in Lyman County, South Dakota, was excavated by the Missouri Basin Project, Smithsonian Institution as a part of the Inter-Agency Archeological and Paleontological Salvage Program within the Big Bend Reservoir. During the past decade and a half, salvage investigations have been carried out in a number of reservoirs along the main stem of the Missouri River but work has been most intensive in the lower Oahe and Big Bend Country of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Richard B. Johnston.

The Hitchell Site is one of a group of major village and burial areas excavated by the Smithsonian Institution and cooperating agencies within the Fort Randall Reservoir on the mainstem of the Missouri River in south-central South Dakota. Field investigations of one sort or another were completed at a substantial number of sites but, unfortunately, only a few were extensively excavated. Funds for salvage archeology were sharply limited and personnel were thinly spread so that, inevitably,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text John J. Hoffman.

The Molstad Village report, by J. J. Hoffman, provides a comprehensive analysis of the Chouteau Aspect (Extended Coalescent Horizon), an important group of complexes that foreshadow the historic period within the Middle Missouri area. The generic "La Roche" development, which includes the Chouteau Aspect, is the most widespread of the archeological horizons presently recognized within the Middle Missouri. At the same time, the constituent complexes have been thought to be characterized by a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Donald J. Lehmer. David T. Jones.

The Oahe Dam vicinity, just upstream from Pierre, South Dakota, was particularly rich in archeological remains. Few areas of similar size in the Missouri Basin exemplify so well the accomplishment of the Inter-agency Archeological and Paleontological Salvage Program. Five major archeological sites were located on the right bank of the Missouri less than a mile and a half above or below the axis of the dam, and a sixth (39HU22) lay across the river on the left bank (Fig. 20). All were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Carlyle S. Smith. Alfred E. Johnson.

The Two Teeth Site (39BF204) is situated on the left, or northeast, bank of the Missouri River in Buffalo County, South Dakota (Fig. 1; Pl. la), about three miles west of Fort Thompson, the administrative center of the Crow Creek Indian Reservation. The site lies on a minor terrace a few feet above the heavily wooded flood plain that, prior to inundation by the Big Bend Reservoir, formed an important element in the regional ecology. The area of occupation shows negligible relief but it has a...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Hubert G. Smith.

Historic sites within and near the Big Bend Reservoir area of South Dakota have been listed in a compilation of documentary evidence, prepared for the National Park Service by Ray H. Mattison (1962). The work is one of a series of special reports on historic sites and features of various reservoir areas of the Missouri Basin. Correlated archeological salvage operations conducted by the River Basin Surveys, Smithsonian Institution, yielded material evidence for some of these Big Bend historic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text William H. Sears.

The Wilbanks site, 9CK-5 in the nomenclature of the River Basin Surveys, Smithsonian Institution, is located on the flat bottom lands of the Etowah River in north Georgia. As this river is in the foothills of the Appalachians, it flows in a southwest-northeast direction, following the line of the ridges and valleys, rather than flowing north and south as do most of the rivers in Georgia. At Rome, near the Alabama border, the Etowah joins the Oostanaula to form the Coosa, and eventually empties...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Mark F. Boyd.

The Apalachicola River is wholly a Florida stream, formed at the western extremity of the boundary line between Georgia and the colonial East Florida by the union of the Flint and Chattahoochee Rivers. The Flint is the shorter and more pellucid member of the union, while the Chattahoochee has greater volume and marked turbidity. "Rugged" is not a term that with strict propriety can be applied to Florida topography, but if understood to be used in a relative sense it may be said that the terrain...

DOCUMENT Full-Text M. J. Mattes.

The data compiled by the Missouri River Basin historical survey have not been limited to those found in published material. Inevitably, the broad scope of this survey has enabled the historians to sweep up in their net an imposing array of new data, derived from interviews and unexploited documents, which have not only expanded the historical horizon but have compelled scholars to revise many long cherished misconceptions. The survey has provided fish, so to speak, for many years of historical...

DOCUMENT Full-Text John E. Mills.

This report is a summary of the field activities concerning historic sites archeology in the Fort Randall Reservoir, S.Dak., undertaken in years 1947-52. It is not offered as a final work but is essentially a summary progress report of reconnaissance and excavation of several historic sites in this area. The work has been conducted as a part of the Inter-Agency Archeological and Paleontological Salvage Program under the direction of Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., Bureau of American Ethnology,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text C. F. Miller.

The purpose of this paper is to report on the archeology of the multiple components of Site 39LM57 in South Dakota, for which Mr. Mattes has provided the historical background in River Basin Surveys Paper No. 15. Starting in the uppermost level were the remains of Fort Lookout II, probably established in 1831 by the French Fur Trading Co. and subsequently occupied, 1840-51, by the trader La Barge. Below them were traces of two prehistoric aboriginal horizons. The excavations were carried on in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Hubert G. Smith.

From time to time since the establishment of the Missouri Basin Project of the River Basin Surveys, as funds and personnel were available, in addition to studies of native sites the Project has given attention to sites of White origin in areas to be flooded. Less numerous than native sites (both prehistoric and historic) in these areas, the White sites-fur-trade posts, military posts, and the like have also been carefully studied, with actual excavation in certain instances, inasmuch as they...

DOCUMENT Full-Text G. H. Smith.

The Garrison Dam and Reservoir, a Corps of Engineers project, on the Missouri River in west-central North Dakota, has inundated the immediate valley of that river from just below the city of Garrison nearly to the Montana State line. Within the now flooded area were formerly located a large part of the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, as well as the Fort Berthold Agency town of Elbowoods; the town of Spanish; and the communities of Nishu, Independence, and Shell Creek. There also were the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Waldo R. Wedel.

The Missouri River Basin Survey of the Smithsonian Institution, organized in 1946, continued during calendar year 1948 its archeological and paleontological investigations at Federal water-control projects throughout the watershed of the Missouri. The present report, third in a continuing series, briefly reviews the year's activities in field and laboratory. Although primarily concerned with the work of the River Basin Surveys, it includes also summary statements on the researches of various...

DOCUMENT Full-Text A. R. Woolworth. W. R. Wood.

The purpose of this study is to describe the archeological remains recovered from the excavation of 32MN1, the site of a Columbia Fur Company trading post---Kipp's Post--which was apparently built at the mouth of the White Earth River in the fall and winter of 1826-27. Kipp's Post was built before the construction of Fort Clark in 1831, and is the predecessor of the famed Fort Union, built by the American Fur Company near the mouth of the Yellowstone River in 1828. This site was only briefly...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Edward B. Jelks.

During the period April 28 to June 25, 1952, limited archeological excavations were carried on at three sites now inundated by the Texarkana Reservoir-the Knight's Bluff, Snipes, and Sherwin sites in Cass County, Tex. This project was part of the nationwide archeological salvage program of the River Basin Surveys, administered by the Smithsonian Institution in cooperation with the National Park Service, the Army Corps of Engineers, and the Bureau of Reclamation. The excavations at Texarkana were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text G. Metcalf.

The Inter-Agency Salvage Program was set up in 1945 as a means by which the salvage of information from archeological sites threatened with destruction by the initiation of federal reservoir construction could be most effectively conducted. It was based on a memorandum of understanding between the Smithsonian Institution and the National Park Service and on agreements between the National Park Service, the Bureau of Reclamation, and the Corps of Engineers. With funds made available by the Bureau...

DOCUMENT Full-Text G. Metcalf.

As a part of the River Basin Surveys program a field party of the Missouri Basin Project, Smithsonian Institution, conducted excavations at two sites in Mercer County, North Dakota, during the summer of 1951. Funds for the work were provided by the National Park Service. Excavation at the first of these sites, Rock Village (32ME15), had been started in 1950 by a similar unit under the leadership of G. Ellis Burcaw. Excavation at the second site, Star Village (32ME16), was carried on during the...