Society for American Archaeology 83rd Annual Meeting, Washington, DC (2018)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel Quintela.

In Ohkay Owingeh’s origin tradition the Tewa peoples emerged into this world from the north and traveled south as two separate groups – the Summer and Winter people – before coming together to create a new society in the Rio Chama valley of northern New Mexico. This history parallels our archaeological understanding of diverse peoples, likely migrants from the Mesa Verde region and indigenous Rio Grande populations, who settled the Chama in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. However, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rowan Flad.

Small bronze objects, some tools, others ornaments, and yet others of undetermined function, are the earliest known Bronze objects in China. Many of these objects are found in sites from Northwest China that date to the early part of the second millennium BC. Their manufacture seems to have been conducted locally on a small scale in this region, and yet the transformation of matter that their production entailed played a role in large scale transformations of society – ultimately culminating...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Reno Nims.

Numerous paleoclimate proxies indicate the Little Ice Age caused marked declines in New Zealand’s atmospheric and sea surface temperatures for much of the period between 1450 C.E. and the end of the nineteenth century. These trends could have keenly affected the productivity of marine fisheries, which have always been critically important to Māori, the indigenous peoples of New Zealand. Considering the close connections that continue to exist between traditional fisheries and Māori economic,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy Murtha.

Sometimes described as a mosaic, regional land use and landscape in the Maya lowlands offer a unique opportunity to investigate the spatial and temporal dimensions and the socio-ecological dynamics of a variety of cultural systems, settlement patterns, and the environment. Unfortunately, the majority of urban theory applied to the lowlands focuses exclusively on urban authority and power for the provisioning of resources. Such approaches offer useful discussion and debate about the scale and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Monica Rodriguez. Vera Tiesler. Jeffrey B. Glover. Dominique Rissolo.

In this paper, we provide a sinopsis of the two dozen burial findings from the archaeological site of Vista Alegre, Quintana Roo, recovered during a decade (2008 to 2017). Most of the mortuary contexts from Vista Alegre were documented using detailed in situ recording (archaeothanatology), followed by macroscopic and isotopic research in a collaborative effort between the Georgia State University and the Bioarchaeology Lab of the University of Yucatan. Put in context with other burial series...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allison King.

This project was an assessment of the "Pioneers in Texas" structured historical program aimed at evaluating the effects of a Living History program on the participating students in an effort to expand the use of Living History pedagogy in standard curriculum. The program is conducted at the 1830s Jones Stock Farm at the George Ranch Historical Park (Park) in Richmond, Texas. The activity consists of lecture and participatory activities in the pioneer life experienced by one family of Austin’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Garrison.

Conflict pervaded the civilizations of ancient Mesoamerica from an early time. In the Maya lowlands, the physical vestiges of defensive fortifications date to the Late Preclassic period, while textual evidence of conflict comes from the subsequent Early Classic period. This paper examines settlement changes within the context of a contested landscape. The Buenavista Valley, largely controlled during the Classic period by the kingdom of El Zotz, extends out west from the great city of Tikal....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Ringberg.

The hill slope settlement of Cerro León (AD 1-400) contains all the typical elements of Early Intermediate period residential sites; spaces for cooking, crafting, sleeping and storage. The flow of most daily activity likely occurred between enclosed, roofed kitchens with heavily used hearths and enclosed but sunlit patios for food processing, spinning, weaving, and tool-making. However, some residences at Cerro León stood apart, not only because of their spaciousness and greater number of rooms...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen Greig.

New Zealand is situated on the southern margins of the Polynesian triangle in the Pacific Ocean. Its temperate climate and environment differs greatly from the tropical central East Polynesian islands, from where its first human colonists originated. Although possessing plentiful bird life, sea mammals and other marine taxa, people faced challenges adapting their tropical horticultural practices to this new land. This paper explores the changing fortunes of people and dogs during the settlement...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brenda Bowser.

Santos-Graneros writes about persistent places in Amazonia, places that have been used by generation after generation of people, because of their special qualities—waterfalls, mountains, caves. The current interest in the ontology of objects, inspired by the work of Ingold, Latour, Gell, and others has opened the door for archaeologists to consider how we can investigate the meanings of places and objects in these ways, as living things. Like objects, places are alive. The headwaters of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ismael Pérez Calderón.

El registro arqueológico muestra que durante el pasado prehistórico en el valle de Ayacucho, ocurrieron diferentes lluvias que no solo inundaron y sepultaron aldeas, templos, pueblos y otros monumentos, sino que testimonian los cambios drásticos sucedidos en el desarrollo de las culturas. Como en el caso de la Costa, se vieron afectadas por el fenómeno "El Niño" o ENSO, y lluvias torrenciales que produjeron huaycos y sequias en la región interandina y en otras partes del mundo. Desde los lo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Sezate. Courtney Rose. Ian Milliken. Roger Anyon.

The Pima County (Arizona) Office of Sustainability and Conservation is applying a proactive approach to cultural resources management on approximately 100,000 acres of Conservation Lands the County has recently acquired for conservation purposes. County stewardship and management of these lands brings with it several responsibilities, among them developing a management plan through collaboration with Tribes that guides 1) the identification of Traditional Cultural Properties, 2) monitoring of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matt O'Mansky.

Dr. John White served as a member of the faculty at Youngstown State University from 1971 to 2005. Part of his legacy is nearly four decades of local, regional, and public archaeology. He shared his passion for the discipline with thousands of students and engaged hundreds of students and volunteers in fieldwork, both regionally and internationally. Upon John’s retirement in 2005 I was hired to take his position. In this paper, I summarize my own work and collaborations with colleagues as we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Schwartz. Andrew Somerville.

The prehispanic settlement of Paquimé (ca. 1200-1450 CE) lay at the intersection of traditionally-defined "Mesoamerican" and "U.S. Southwest and Northwest Mexico" (SW/NW) macro-regions in northern Chihuahua, Mexico. Extensive evidence of exchange with distant communities exists at the site, including remains of over 300 scarlet macaws; brilliantly plumed birds whose natural habitat is located at least 1000 km southeast in the humid lowlands of Mexico. Archaeological and historical records...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sofia Chacaltana Cortez.

The effects of the Inca empire across the Andes were multiple and diverse. Relying on their sophisticated institutions, the empire originated a strong physical, political, and economic connectivity across the pre-Hispanic Andes that on occasions went beyond imperial boundaries or political borders. People, things and ideas travelled across the empire provoking a cascade of interactions some of which were not directly intended by the center of power. The multi-component site of Tacahuay located...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anna Cohen. Michael Galaty.

A key goal in the study of ancient artifacts is determining their provenance. Such information can provide insight into the production and consumption of artifacts, but may also inform discussions about local political economies. Our study uses qualitative optical petrography and geochemical analysis (NAA) to evaluate the tempers and paste recipes in ceramic fragments and raw clays from Angamuco, located in the Lake Pátzcuaro Basin, Michoacán. Angamuco was occupied before and throughout the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendra Chritz. Elisabeth Hildebrand. Thure Cerling. Elizabeth Sawchuk. Ndiema Emmanuel.

Changing human diets in eastern Africa across the end of the African Humid Period (AHP) have been inferred indirectly from cultural and faunal remains at archaeological sites. Stable isotope analysis (SIA, specifically δ13C) can measure diets directly, yet few studies have conducted SIA on human remains from this region. We present 25 new δ13C values from human tooth enamel recovered from archaeological sites around Lake Turkana (northwest Kenya) and on Lukenya Hill and Rigo Cave (southern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mikhail Echavarri. Stephen Acabado.

The Spanish conquest of the Philippines consolidated the islands into a single political entity and subjected its diverse peoples to homogenizing colonial policies. However, indigenous responses to conquest were wide-ranging, which depended on the political and economic conditions of particular regions. To determine local patterns of responses to conquest, the Ifugao Archaeological Project (IAP) and the Bicol Archaeological Project (BAP) are working to produce localized archaeologies and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Vincas Steponaitis.

In the 1720s the Natchez nation, as described in contemporary French accounts, consisted of at least six towns: Grand, Farine, Pomme, Tioux, Grigra, and Jenzenaque. Building on the work of Andrew Albrecht, Ian Brown, and James Barnett, and taking into account eighteenth-century manuscript maps that have recently come to light, I re-examine the evidence for the nature of these towns and where they were located on the modern landscape. Apparent inconsistencies between narrative accounts and maps...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Pay. C. Cliff Creger. Beth P. Smith.

One tough issue facing federal agencies in the United States and their archaeologists is how to document historic era transportation routes. In Nevada alone, there are nearly 6,000 miles of roads managed by the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) most of which follow, cross or parallel historic routes. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) manages nearly 48 million acres (~75,000 sq miles) of land in the state of Nevada with several thousands of miles of historic routes. This being the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph Herbert. Jonathan Schleier. William Feltz.

In presettlement times long leaf pine forest dominated the Carolina Sandhills, where frequent wildfire, sandy soil and steep hydrologic gradients produced high biodiversity, but low hunter-gatherer carrying capacity. Land-use models based on the results of systematic shovel testing across 162 square miles at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, indicate continuous occupation throughout prehistory, small group size and short terms of residential tenure. Although the archaeological site is the unit of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Breiter.

The English Reformation had a swift impact on the people of the rural landscape. The movement away from the Catholic church altered the relationship that people had to the physical manifestation of church authority. During the Dissolution of the Monasteries, Church landholdings were sold off to private owners, and the architectural core was repurposed for secular use. Most of the research on the Dissolution focuses on how the new landowners reused the land, or converted churches into manor...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paula Kay Lazrus.

In the early 1800s the majority of Bova's citizens live in their hilltop town while holding small plots of land in multiple locations, some quite a distance from the town itself. Archival records from notaries, diaries, and cadastral holdings paint a picture of an independent community of low income citizens plying their trades and rather detached from the larger economic systems around them. Despite the abundance of natural resources available in the landscape, the community was not fully...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Xiaotong Wu. Xingxiang Zhang. Zhengyao Jin. Rowan Flad. Xinming Xue.

Around 2200BC, Qingliangsi is a large settlement to the north of the Yellow River with wealth accumulation and social stratification. The location of the site close to rich salt resources made the location a draw for emergent elites during the late Neolithic. Among the most significant lines of evidence of emergent stratification are remains of human sacrifice found in the Qingliangsi cemetery. Our carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotope analyses of human remains excavated from Qiangliangsi show...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Yoon.

It is well known that the state plays a major role in generating and structuring economic flows in complex societies. What happens, though, when a state's ability to do this is severely reduced? One example to consider is the Roman/Byzantine state in Late Antiquity. Using survey evidence from the Bova Marina Archaeological Project, changes in the presence of long-distance imports in the ceramic assemblage show a drastic shrinkage of the scope of trade, while other economic changes were less...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph Jean.

The Espanola island was disrupted by the Spanish colonial power by massively forcing Indigenous people to work in the gold mines and to cultivate fields for producing foods for the Spaniards following the Encomienda system. The rise of European imperialism conducted to share the New World where the island of Espanola was officially occupied by the Spanish and French. Massive French investments into an agricultural industry lead to a large number of enslaved Africans being transported into the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Farrell. Brian Bates. Craig Rose. Walter Witschey.

Where cultural resources are increasingly threatened by the effects of a changing climate, the old model of preservation in place is no longer sustainable. For resource managers charged with the preservation of our cultural heritage, effective stewardship demands that managers are in a position to make data-driven decisions to prioritize the deployment of scarce financial resources to the most vulnerable cultural resources. Nowhere in Virginia are the effects of climate change more apparent than...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bridget Bey. Véronique Bélisle.

Although the climate and rich cultural history of Peru frequently offers a perfect setting for bioarchaeological analysis, the pre-Inca peoples of the central Andean highlands often lack full representation within that analysis. Yet, excavations at Ak’awillay, a village in the Cusco region, between 2006 and 2016, revealed 79 bodies. Most of the remains recovered from the site date to the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000); however, previous analysis of the architecture and artifacts at the site...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lucia Henderson.

This paper examines the foreign connections evidenced by the material record of Early Classic Kaminaljuyu. The author discusses the ways in which public art, architecture, and elite funerary contexts evolved at Kaminaljuyu during this time, evaluating how these changing styles may have tied into evolving relationships with distant sites and regions such as Teotihuacan, Veracruz, and the Maya lowlands. The Early Classic relationship between Kaminaljuyu and Teotihuacan has, in many ways, eclipsed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Dempsey. Steven De Vore. Ashley Barnett. Nora Greiman. Anna Dempsey.

Over the last four years, the Midwest Archeological Center has been conducting a project designed to gather information on mound and earthwork preservation across the Midwest Region of the National Park Service. St. Croix National Scenic Riverway in eastern Minnesota and western Wisconsin, is one of several parks included in the study. The St. Croix and Namekagon river valleys are home to mounds and earthworks of a variety of shapes and sizes. Some have been dated to the Late Woodland period...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Taylor.

In recent years, African Diaspora archaeology has become one of the most impactful means by which archaeologists supplement our current understanding of the past. Not only does this subfield have the potential to benefit descendant and local communities, but it also enables professionals to fill in the blank gaps left by the systematic disenfranchisement and intentional illiteracy of an entire group of people. One site with the potential to enhance our understanding of the African Diaspora is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luke Burnor. Claudia Garcia-Des Lauriers.

The three dimensional imaging of artifacts discovered at the Los Horcones site in Southern Chiapas Mexico has enabled archaeologists to approach artifacts in a brand new way. With the use of a 3D scanner hardware and 3D program software, objects and features of various sizes are scanned to create a proportional and scale digital version. The scanning of artifacts allows for minimal handling of the objects decreasing the likelihood of wear, damage, deterioration, and contamination, effectively...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marlen Hinojosa. Claudia Garcia-Des Lauriers. Matthew Des Lauriers.

Offering 1 from Los Horcones is an assemblage of figurine masks, whistles, rattles and vessels that offers an interesting opportunity for analysis that provides information of the auditory, olfactory, and visual experience of this small ritual. The offering, initially thought to be simply a collection of figurines and masks, were later discovered to be whistles—small musical instruments whose simplicity belies the importance of the meanings they encoded. Experimental archaeological analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martha Adriana Saenz Serdio. Mikaela B. Razo.

El Proyecto Costa Escondida, quien a través de un equipo interdisciplinario dirigido por los doctores Jeffrey Glover y Dominique Rissolo ha explorado la costa norte de Quintana Roo desde el año 2005, excavó en su temporada 2017, dos montículos del sitio llamado Conil; este es uno de los dos asentamientos más grandes registrados en la costa norte involucrados en cierta medida, en el comercio costero de la época prehispánica. Las estructuras presentan distintas formas, tamaños y técnicas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ana Mauricio.

Los Morteros is a preceramic archaeological site located on Pampa de las Salinas, in the lower Chao Valley, north coast of Peru. Archaeological excavations in 1976, Los Morteros was identified as a "stabilized dune" whose top was used as a cemetery for pre-pottery people around cal. 5000 BP. Excavations in 2012 and 2016 have uncovered a very long and complex history of occupation of Los Morteros which includes the presence of early adobe monumental architecture dating before 5500 cal. BP, more...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carmen Julia Fajardo.

En el marco de los estudios necesarios para obtener la licencia ambiental del Proyecto Hidroeléctrico Represa Patuca III se llevó a cabo el estudio arqueológico del área en donde se iban a realizar actividades de construcción de infraestructura. Se desarrolló el reconocimiento y prospección arqueológica sin pozos de prueba en 2007 y 2012 en la zona de embalse del proyecto hasta la cuota de 287 metros de altitud y el trayecto de la línea de trasmisión. Éste se realizó por secciones en la primera...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katie Richards.

Unlike other regions of the American Southwest, many basic aspects of Fremont ceramic production have never been adequately explored, and many of the assumptions about the production process presented in the literature have never been rigorously tested. Low-technology analysis techniques such as re-firing can provide a simple and cost-effective way to begin exploring these processes and test assumptions made by past archaeologists. Re-firing Fremont ceramics has provided new information about...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Roland Fletcher.

Though low-density, dispersed urbanism is conventionally understood as a feature only of modern industrial societies there was actually substantial low-density, dispersed urbanism in the agrarian world of Central America, Sri Lanka and SE Asia during the 1st and early 2nd millennia CE. These cities, such as Tikal, Anuradhapura and Angkor with areas between 200 and a 1000 sq km, substantially altered their natural environment and were dependent on massive infrastructure. They were then impacted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zaakiyah Cua.

Unlike uplands, floodplains generally yield stratified deposits that may include deeply buried landscapes and archaeological sites. Most state specifications for cultural resources surveys require floodplains to be geomorphically evaluated in order to identify buried landscapes. This is most frequently accomplished via trenching, an effective, but timely, costly, and sometimes destructive method. This project reports on an alternative technique utilizing a multi-proxy methodology coupling...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Jane Berman. Deborah Pearsall.

Since the first overviews of Lucayan paleoethnobotany were published, the means and sites of archaeological recovery have expanded and the body of finds has increased. In this presentation, we summarize these findings, evaluate the current body of knowledge, discuss the contexts in which they were recovered, analyze their recovery methods, and examine their economic and social uses. We discuss the evidence for "transported landscapes," cultivation management systems, wild plant collection...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Benchley. Judith Bense.

We will celebrate the contributions of Lynne Goldstein to regional and public archaeology both in the Midwest and in Florida. We will begin by reviewing her innovative work with regional archaeology and political outreach in Wisconsin. When the opportunity arose in Florida to create a state-wide public archaeology program, we called on her to assist with forming the plan and with its implementation. The Florida Public Archaeology Network owes much to Dr. Goldstein, who has served on its board...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Barker. Samantha Fladd. Kelley Hays-Gilpin.

Widespread archaeological evidence—including egg shells and skeletal remains recovered from archaeological sites as well as imagery on pottery, kiva murals, and rock art—suggests that macaws, their feathers, and their imagery played important roles in ancient Puebloan society. Ethnographic accounts also indicate the importance of macaws to ancient Puebloan peoples and modern groups. Macaws have been interpreted as indicators of exchange, aspects of intricate ritual systems, and indexes of social...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Buckley. Muxin Gu.

The creation of a robust method of species identification using collagen fingerprinting, also known as ZooMS (Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry) has been useful for objectively defining the composition of the fragmentary component of archaeological assemblages. The method usually works through the measurements of the sizes of collagen peptides following enzymatic digestion, which yield a fingerprint that can be genus or even species-specific. However, even these peptide biomarkers have been...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shawn Graham. Damien Huffer.

There is a thriving online trade, and collector community, that seeks specimens of numerous categories of human remains. This commerce is facilitated by posts on new social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Etsy, and, until recently, eBay and operates within a complex ethical and legal landscape. This presentation will share key results of ongoing work to data mine these online markets on both new social media and multi-lingual e-commerce platforms. In particular, we are interested in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clarissa Cagnato.

Paleoethnobotanical analyses provide significant information regarding past human behaviors, which include the selection, production, and consumption of plant resources, among others. This paper focuses on select archaeological contexts, domestic and ritual in nature, which have been investigated from a paleoethnobotanical perspective at the urban center of Teotihuacan, and more specifically in the area known as the Plaza of the Columns Complex. The recovery of macrobotanicals such as maize (Zea...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Russell Cutts. Ervan Garrison. Douglas Crowe.

Outside of clear association of human activities and fire features (e.g., a constructed hearth and artifacts), a perennial challenge persists in linking human/hominin behavior to the control of fire. This particularly vexes ongoing investigations to determine early human-fire interaction(s). Although natural landscape fires can be intense, their tendency to move quickly may limit modifications in lithic material at ground level. Studies examining the effect(s) of heating tool-stone at different...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Holloway. Karl Laumbach.

Analysis of macrobotanical materials from the Cañada Alamosa Project began with materials from the 1999 field season and continued to materials from the 2011 season. The samples were retrieved from four sites (LA 1125, LA 2292, LA 88891, and LA 88889). A total of 1,359 samples were analyzed for this project. In total, 223 individual specimens of corn cob fragments were examined via digital electronic photography (Table 2). A total of 3,052 individual cupules provided measurements for our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only George Nicholas.

All archaeology is ultimately autobiographical; our interests and intentions are intimately shaped by both people and circumstances, which sometimes are not recognized until later. An unexpected change in my own career path in the 1990s brought me into Larry Zimmerman’s orbit. His work with and for marginalized peoples, his activism, and his strong ethical stance have grounded me ever since. In this presentation I take a personal approach to discussing Larry’s influence on Archaeology in general...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiffany Raymond. Carl P. Lipo. Matthew Sanger. Timothy de Smet. Anna Patchen.

Poverty Point, Louisiana, is well-known for its massive architecture that includes earthen mounds and six semi-circular ridges. Geophysical surveys conducted over the past decade have revealed that the subsurface of this deposit also contains a large, extensive and diverse set of artificially constructed features. In addition, remote sensing demonstrates that features that have been often described as singular constructions are actually a palimpsest of overlapping depositional events. Here, we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Edwards. Robert Jeske.

Population aggregation and shifts in material culture of the Late Prehistoric Eastern Woodlands (AD900-1100) has often been linked to the increase in the importance of maize in the human diet. In the Midwest, the development of distinct contemporaneous archaeological cultures (e.g., Oneota, Langford and Middle Mississippian) has often been connected to assumed differences in maize consumption. A commonly used model is that increased complexity in social structures result from, and/or are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Astolfo Araujo.

A decade ago, we suggested that the low frequency of archaeological sites dated from the mid-Holocene in several portions of Lowland South America (what we have called the "Archaic Gap") was due to an increase in the magnitude of dry periods. Since then, data regarding paleoenvironmental reconstructions for Lowland South America, coupled with an increase of the archaeological knowledge, allows us to reassess the idea of the "Archaic Gap" and redefine both the areal extent of the phenomenon and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rebecca Wiewel.

This poster presents the outcomes of my efforts to make active learning activities an integral component of undergraduate courses in archaeology. For the past three years I have taken my Southeastern Archaeology course from a typical lecture-based class to a more active learning environment that includes hands-on lab activities, participation in fieldwork, field trips to archaeological sites, and service learning opportunities at our campus museum and local research station of the Arkansas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Freiwald. Kara Fulton. Nicholas Billstrand. Destiny Micklin.

The patio adjacent to the eastern structure of Group 1 at the site of Actuncan served as a burial ground for generations. At least twelve individuals in more than seven graves were buried at one of the oldest residential groups at the site during the Late Classic period (AD 600-900). Eastern structures were used to bury revered ancestors in the Belize River Valley, but nearly all of the Actuncan Group 1 burials were disturbed by later burials. When was it acceptable to disturb an ancestor, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Klarich. Laure Dussubieux.

Pukara, in the northern Lake Titicaca Basin, was a regional center during the Late Formative Period (200 BC- AD 200). The Classic Pukara style is associated with monumental public constructions and sunken temples, elaborate stone sculpture, and a unique polychrome pottery tradition. Spotted felines, disembodied heads, camelids and plants, and anthropomorphic figures were incised and painted on incense burners, trumpets, and other special purpose ceramic vessels that were circulated in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jerry D. Moore.

Dwellings occupy a unique space in human lives, places where multiple trajectories of ‘Culture’ and ‘Nature’ intersect. Not merely shelters, dwellings often incorporate subtle aspects of social life and world view while being literally structured by the capacities of raw materials and construction techniques. Rather than a passive reflection of human intention or social existence, dwellings result from making—to use Tim Ingold’s notion, a perspective placing "the maker from the outset as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelsey Noack Myers. Joshua J. Wells. Stephen J. Yerka. Sarah Whitcher Kansa. David G. Anderson.

Scientific research conducted during the process of environmental review has been publicly and openly criticized by governmental officials in recent months. Not only does this represent an official contestation of the value of this research in the public eye, it seeks to undermine the credibility and legitimacy of science as a discipline. The research in question is federally mandated, and in the case of Section 106/Title 54, exists to avoid unnecessary harm to historic properties. If we seek to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Carter.

Shell beads are rarely considered a major artifact category. However, research on bead production among the Manteño-Guancavilca (AD 800-1532) of coastal Ecuador highlights the fundamental importance of this category of artifacts. By recording six measurements and four qualitative observations for each of 7651 beads from six sites (two regions, three stretches of time), this research has been able to recognize two distinct châines opératoires. At approximately AD 1200, bead makers shifted from a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanne Baron.

At the time of Spanish contact, the Mesoamerican commercial economy was highly elaborated, with an interconnected system of marketplaces, a large variety of goods bought and sold as commodities, and the widespread use of currency in the form of cacao and woven textiles. While much of what we know of this economic system is provided by written records, the presence of large-scale marketplaces and currency can be traced into earlier periods using archaeological evidence. This evidence suggests...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zhengwei Zhang.

The vertical ingredient of the Tibetan Plateau plays a unique role in making of the highland agro-pastoral landscape. We divide the Tibetan Plateau into three eco-altitudinal zones: areas below 3,000 m.a.s.l.; areas between 3,000 and 4,200 m.a.s.l.; and areas above 4,200 m.a.s.l. Today, pastoralists and farmers utilize different faunal and floral taxa in the three zones, partly as risk aversion strategies. In this paper, I review the zooarchaeological evidence dated between 6,000 and 1,000 BP...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jiajing Wang.

The Lower Yangtze Valley of China is renowned for the origin of rice agriculture. Previous research based on archaeobotanical analysis and genetic data indicates that the evolution from wild rice to domestic rice was a continuous process that occurred between 11,000 - 6,000 BP. The Shangshan culture (11,400 BP – 86,00) has revealed the earliest evidence of rice cultivation in the region and abundant pottery vessels. These vessels are diverse in form but their functions still remain unclear. By...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennie Sturm.

Digital data collection is often efficient, cost-effective, and a tremendous accompaniment to other archaeological collection methods like excavation. Furthermore, digital data can be used to generate measurements that are simply not possible with analog data. However, as computing technology continues to become faster, more powerful, and cheaper, and the ease of collecting massive amounts of data increases, it is fair to ask: Are our abilities to analyze and interpret these data keeping up?...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annick J. E. Daneels.

Dioses Narigudos are a series of ceramic figurines that are extremely frequent during the Classic period in a very restricted area of South Central Veracruz. They occur generally in ritual deposits under floors of major and minor buildings, combining female and male representations of different hierarchy. Current interpretations relate them to a solar deity or a water deity, none of which identifications apply to all three main figurine types. Their attributes and the contexts in which they are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanne Minerbi. Elisabeth Rareshide.

Studies of embodied learning show that physical experiences which engage the sensory and motor processing parts of the brain enhance understanding and retention of concepts. Making an obsidian flake, rather than just seeing pictures of stone tools, is a memorable experience that can provide a tangible connection to the practices of past people. We present a case study in public outreach and pedagogy for the Fernandeño Tataviam Band of Mission Indians of Southern California. The original concept,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Reed. Carolyn Heitman.

The ruins of Salmon Pueblo were excavated by Cynthia Irwin-Williams, her staff, and students in the 1970s. A huge archive of material culture, photographs, excavation records, and analytical data was produced documenting Salmon’s Chacoan and post-Chacoan occupations. With support from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Salmon Pueblo Archaeological Research Collection (SPARC) Project was created with the goal of making the enormous Salmon dataset available to scholars through an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Gatenbee. Thomas Pluckhahn.

Active learning opportunities within undergraduate archaeology courses enable students to move beyond memorizing culture history. In a North American Archaeology course taught at the University of South Florida, we combine concepts from archaeological theory with active learning exercises specific to North American culture areas. Examples include students weighing the costs and benefits of hunting megafauna with atlatls from varying distances, playing a game centered on Great Basin-themed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Cheek.

Dress is an object made up of other objects. I combine a practice approach with the chaîne opératoire and behavior chains methods to analyze technical and social acts involving dress objects. The analysis starts with one segment of the actions involving dress—the actual act of dressing. The study includes only court scenes that appear to memorialize historic events, although some of the observations and conclusions can be applied to other kinds of scenes and other media. After identifying the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hilde Vangstad.

Since 2003, the Norwegian Maritime Museum has had several extensive excavations in the area of Bjørvika in the harbour of Oslo as a measure to document archaeological remains before being removed or covered during the rapid urban development of the area. This paper will discuss two of the major sites that have yielded 29 well-preserved boat wrecks and large areas of previously unknown harbour constructions of timber. Boats and constructions date to the 16th and early 17th century and varies from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiffany Newman. Elizabeth E. Bell. Seth VanDam.

More than nine miles of World War I training trenches have been identified on USAG Fort Lee (Fort Lee) in Prince George County, Virginia. Constructed by the 80th Division at what was then "Camp Lee" beginning in the fall of 1917, these trenches represent a significant historic resource associated with the Great War. Fort Lee is also one of only a few locations where such trenches survive in the United States. However, the trenches also pose a significant challenge in balancing mission and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rosemarie Blewitt. Susan Myers. Mary Beth Fitts. Lindsay Ferrante. Sam Franklin.

The North Carolina Office of State Archaeology (OSA) was created by the North Carolina General Assembly in 1973 to coordinate and implement a statewide archaeological preservation program. Central to this program is the OSA’s management of records, including those documenting the more than 50,000 archaeological sites located in the state’s 100 counties, and a library of nearly 8,000 associated reports. The OSA Research Center curates tens of thousands of artifacts and their associated records...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Seibel. Christopher McDaid.

Fort Eustis, part of Joint Base Langley-Eustis, located on Mulberry Island along the James River in Virginia, is extremely vulnerable to the threat of erosion resulting from sea level rise, increased tidal range, and flooding from increased rainfall and storm surge. Currently, dozens of archaeological sites on the island are experiencing damage resulting from erosion, including sites where human remains have been found protruding from erosional scarps. To meet the installation’s short and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only April Beisaw.

Hauntings rely on an ability to envision someone from the past retaining agency in the present, a ghost. Often barely perceptible, the ghost’s actions tend to be routine (walking, sitting, etc.) but their message is profound (I was like you, until something happened). Archaeology relies on an ability to envision the past, present, and future as intruding into each other at a defined place, a site. Often missed by those without proper training, archaeologists recover mundane objects (plates,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Cramb.

Archaeological fieldwork was completed on the atolls of Manihiki and Rakahanga, in the northern Cook Islands, from May to July of 2015 and from July to November of 2017. This includes survey and mapping on six islets, the documentation of extant and past fish traps and fishponds, lagoon to ocean shovel test sampling, and the excavation of habitation and resource production sites. This work identified village centers on each atoll and preliminary analyses indicate that the coral-cluster landscape...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Smith.

Fluted projectile points have been found in the archaeological record of the North American Arctic for over 50 years. Only recently, however, have fluted points found in buried contexts associated with dateable materials and included in region-wide comparative analyses provided chronological, morphological, and technological evidence to support the cohesion of the Arctic specimens as their own fluted variant: the Northern Fluted Complex (NFC). Few sites have provided the opportunity to observe...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kary Stackelbeck. Allison Douglas. Shawn Lambert. Bonnie Pitblado. Meghan Dudley.

True to the title of the 2017 Oklahoma Archaeology Month poster, its creation involved an extensive collaborative effort. The theme celebrates both the long-standing education and outreach efforts of the Oklahoma Archeological Survey and the founding of the Oklahoma Public Archaeology Network (OKPAN). OKPAN sponsored the competitive recruitment for an artist to conceive the poster, which generated multiple submissions and spawned other creative partnerships. The poster displays an original,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Lowman.

Farmers, gardeners, builders, cooks, janitors, launderers, restaurant-owners: the Chinese diaspora community in nineteenth century Stanford, California, was made up of men, and a few women, who took on many ways of working to support themselves, their families, and their communities. Their integral role in the development of the Bay Area’s infrastructure is sometimes obscured because of systematic exclusion, destruction, and erasure in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Because...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sean Daugherty. Alexander Vermillion. Garrett Jones. Timothy Hare.

We report the results of testing a UAV-borne LiDAR and multispectral mapping system for archaeological mapping and modeling at the city of Mayapán, Mexico, located 40km south of modern Mérida. Mayapán was the largest Postclassic political capital and was one of the most densely nucleated of all Maya cities. The initial test is in an area adjacent to the south side of Mayapán’s monumental center. Previous research indicates the existence of a dense and complex system of residential and public...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Whittington.

Chiyo Cahnu, a Mixtec mountaintop capital, is unusual in relation to the archaeology of Oaxaca. Mapping one square kilometer of the capital using powerful GPS devices between 2013 and 2017 revealed about 370 building sites, almost 2,400 agricultural and residential terraces, and ancient roads constructed on the steep slopes of Cerro Amole. The building sites range in complexity from single rooms to compounds with temples and dozens of rooms surrounding patios. The ball court is 45 meters long,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alex E. Badillo. Marc Levine.

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in archaeology has increased rapidly in recent years as drones have become more affordable and easy to use. Accessible commercial grade equipment can quickly capture data to produce maps and 3D models of high accuracy and precision. During the Summer of 2017, the Proyecto Geofísico de Monte Albán (PGMA) integrated the use of a UAV technology into their geophysical survey project at the UNESCO world heritage site of Monte Albán located in Oaxaca, Mexico....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Arthur. Sean Stretton. Matthew C. Curtis.

In 2011, we began a collaborative project with Boreda Gamo communities of southern Ethiopia to understand the spatial and historical relationships between settlements and sacred areas. Community elders guided us along winding footpaths that ascended 9 mountain tops leading to settlements that were first occupied in the early 13th century and have now been abandoned for nearly 100 years. Surrounding these historic settlements are sacred groves with springs, caves, and boulders that give physical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Guzman.

Mapping Prehistoric Behavior Patterns at a Lithic Tool Stone Source in the Colorado Desert: Results of Geospatial Analysis at CA-IMP-008/H This paper sets out results obtained following a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis of the spatial patterning of stone tools at a study area in the Colorado Desert of southern California. Stone tools are examined based on their utility for an explanation of their use and importance in the lives of prehistoric foragers. Current efforts to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brian Bauer. Matthew Piscitelli.

The Cuzco Ceque System was composed of 328 shrines (huacas) organized along 41 lines (ceques) that radiated out from the city of Cuzco, the Inca capital. Historic research indicates that the ceque system was conceptually linked to the fundamental social divisions of the Cuzco region. The ceque system of Cuzco has been frequently discussed in the literature, and anthropologists and historians have long speculated on the locations of shrines in the system and the projection of the ceque lines. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hali Thurber. Justin Uehlein.

GIS has become a powerful tool for visualizing cultural activity over time and space. We have found that it is invaluable in the archaeological study of movement and transient labor. In this paper, we aim to demonstrate how the use of geospatial technology in conjunction with the material record can offer a glimpse into the daily movements of transient laborers along Mid-Atlantic railway networks and industrial centers in the late 19th century through the Great Depression. Specifically, we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Graham. Richard Macphail. Phillip Austin. Lindsay Duncan.

Investigations carried out at Marco Gonzalez, a Maya site on Ambergris Caye in Belize, were aimed at examining site formation processes, particularly the dynamics that led to dark surface and subsurface soils (Maya Dark Earths), which have a higher nutrient capacity than would be possible under natural conditions. Sediments of critical interest in soil formation were those deposited in the Late Classic period and associated with intensive processing. Features of the ceramics in the deposits as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heidi Roberts. Janet Hagopian. Richard Ahlstrom.

Margaret Lyneis examined pottery collected from surface and excavation contexts at two of southern Nevada’s desert oases, Desert National Wildlife Refuge and Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge. These rich islands of springs and lush vegetation were occupied fairly continuously from the Early Archaic period, with farming practiced during the Formative and Post-Formative periods. Dr. Lyneis’ investigations demonstrated, for the first time, that pottery was made locally during the later periods,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laureen Perry.

Dr. Margaret Lyneis had a long career as an archaeological researcher, preservationist, and scholar, starting with field research in the 1960s when few women were in the field and as a professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Early research was in the Warner Valley of Oregon, in California, and in the Great Basin. As she focused her research on Far Western Puebloans, Dr. Lyneis became the expert on their early occupation of southern Nevada and the Virgin Region. Her influence on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Bolender. Eric Johnson.

Archaeologists generally assume that the absence of market exchange implies an absence of financial debt as a mechanism of exchange and social control found in more "advanced" economies. This implicit logic is reproduced in contexts where identifying market exchange largely relies on tracking the circulation of specialized and imported goods, as is the case in medieval Iceland: a society largely made up of subsistence tenant farmers where archaeological indicators of market exchange virtually...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Fissel.

Each succeeding generation of historians discovers and taps new types of evidence, prompting reconceptualization of what constitutes "history" and spawning new fields of study. Marine archaeology (and the overlapping fields of maritime archaeology and conflict archaeology) are instrumental not only in recovering new primary materials, but also in reconstructing historical interpretation and historical debates. To cite a solitary example, the teaming of marine archaeologist Colin Martin and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Canan Cakirlar. Francis Koolstra. Christian Kuchelmann. Salima Ikram.

Remains of marine turtles occur regularly in the archaeological record. They provide insights into ancient subsistence and community practices. They also contain crucial information that can be used to create baselines for conservation. Their explanatory power is increased when the species exploited are identified. Here we describe an osteomorphological method which allows us to analyze fragmented postcranial elements of common Cheloniidae (Caretta Caretta and Chelonia mydas) to species and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Michael Garbellano. Christopher Wolff.

This research focuses on the morphology, chronology, and provenience of nipple-based spear points found in Newfounland and Labrador. Nipple-based points are primarily thought to date between 7500-6000 B.P. and are associated with the early Maritime Archaic tradition, Newfoundland and Labrador’s earliest inhabitants. A recent find of a nipple-based point at the Stock Cove site (CKAl-3) in eastern Newfoundland suggests that, based on a series of new AMS dates, the chronology of this point type...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Manuel J. San Román. Flavia Morello Repetto. Jimena Torres. Victor Sierpe. Karina Rodriguez.

Maritime hunter-gatherers from Fuego-Patagonia are of special archaeological interest given their sudden emergence in the archaeological record and their highly specialized economic adaptation. In 2011 we carried an intense salvage archaeological excavation program along the central area of Strait of Magellan in Southernmost Patagonia, Chile. Here we present the results obtained from 1.546 m2 of excavation, where a total of 18 archaeological sites, located along the eastern shore of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristian Kristiansen.

As exemplified by Viking and Bronze Age societies in northern Europe, we model the political dynamics of raiding, trading, and slaving as a maritime mode of production (MMP). It includes political strategies to control trade by owning boats and financing excursions, thus permitting chiefs to channel wealth flows and establish decentralized, expansive political networks. Such political institutions often form at edges of world systems, where chieftains support mobile warriors, who were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Watson.

Marine mammals, including whales and seals, were a source of meat, blubber, baleen, and bone to the settlers of Martha’s Vineyard from the earliest occupation until the historic period. Numerous species of whales have been observed in New England’s shallow waters, including migratory species like the North Atlantic Right Whale (Eubalaena glacialis) and other marine mammals like the Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). During the 17th and 18th centuries, the Wampanoag on Martha’s Vineyard and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew McKnight.

Since passage of the National Historic Preservation Act fifty-two years ago a growing body of valuable data has been generated by state agencies, CRM professionals, and preservation officers. Unfortunately, this data is usually trapped in an archaic paper-based format, restricted geographically to a single state archive. All too often the data is brought to light only to be "reburied" in the SHPO’s library where it may be largely inaccessible to researchers scattered throughout the country. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Craig Stevens.

Josiah Henson was an escaped enslaved individual and eventual Underground Railroad conductor, yet his life story has been historically overshadowed by the fictional character he inspired in Harriet Beecher Stowe’s internationally renowned novel, Uncle Tom’s Cabin. The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC) and Montgomery Parks of southern Maryland utilizes archaeological research as one of many techniques to bring to life the narrative of Josiah Henson the individual,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Xinzhou Chen.

Compared to the relatively well-researched area of Eastern Tibet Plateau, the archaeology of Central Tibet has long been neglected. This paper offers a review of academic debates concerning the site of Qugong and analyzed the newly found materials in Bangga and Changguogou site. Based on the available materials and 14C dating data, I here propose a primary chronological framework in Central Tibet and revealed the cultural affiliations of Central Tibet with Central Asia, as well as the cultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anna Boozer.

Egypt’s Dakhleh Oasis preserves a Roman city, its hinterland, and a Romano-Egyptian house known to be occupied by a city councilor. We can do more than simply read these material remains as physical symbols of Roman political power. The intimate collaboration between imperial agents and the material world allows us to interpret the making and unmaking of Roman imperial power on the local level. This paper explores fluctuations in imperial power at Trimithis (Roman Amheida) through the changes...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Sullivan. David Hyde. Robin Robertson. Palma Buttles. Fred Valdez.

Lithics, ceramics, and other artifacts, recovered from the 2017 Colha, Belize field season, are utilized to gain insight into chronological developments and changes at the ancient Maya site. Maya material culture recovered from excavations at Colha are presented and interpreted by context. Each artifact category is briefly defined, described, and placed into a general site context. The estimated time range for the recovered material culture extends from the Late Archaic to the Late Preclassic....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Kuijt.

This paper explores how people within Neolithic villages were potentially connected to co-resident multi-family households, and considers the potential material footprint of multi-family households within Neolithic villages. As seen from ethnographic cases, in some cases residential buildings of House Societies had a range of functions including as dwelling locations, origin-places, council houses, or meeting-houses. Echoing other research this paper decouples the social unit of the House from a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victor Emmanuel Salazar Chavez. Cuauhtemoc Vidal-Guzman. Jeffrey Blomster.

This paper explores the ontological relationality between humans and the creation of space during the Cruz B phase (1200/1150-850 BC) in the late Early Formative Etlatongo, in the Mixteca Alta of Oaxaca. In particular, we focus on how the use of bedrock afforded the construction of a ‘lived’ place. By looking at the materiality of its intrinsic properties, we argue that the Mixtecs of Etlatongo intentionally used bedrock as part of construction episodes in the formation of a public space so that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Brighton.

Cultural resilience or collapse has been the focus for the study of prehistoric and proto-historic societies. Little, if any work in historical archaeology, or the archaeology of the modern world, has linked the impact of traumatic natural events and social, economic, and political structures to how cultural groups respond. In this paper, cultural resilience theory is employed to discuss the capacity of a culture to maintain and transform its world-view, cultural identity, and critical cultural...