Hohokam and Historic Land Use of the Middle Gila River Valley Uplands: The Florence Army National Guard Survey, Pinal County, Arizona
Author(s): William L. Deaver; Jeffrey Altschul
Year: 1994
Summary
This document presents the results of a cultural resources survey of approximately 1,500 acres within the Florence Military Reservation (FMR) and adjoining State Trust Lands held in a special !and use permit (SLP) for military training exercises in Pinal County, Arizona. The project area is located north by northeast of Florence along U.S. 89). In addition to nine firing points, approximately 9.6 km of access roads were surveyed by Statistical Research, Inc. (SRI). A records check at the Arizona State Museum by the Arizona National Guard and SRI revealed that no known sites were within the proposed impact areas, but the specific areas mentioned above had never been surveyed. Other archaeological work had located several sites in the immediate project area so we expected to find cultural resources in the survey areas. The purpose of this cultural resources survey was to investigate the proposed firing points and access roads to locate cultural resources in the project area and make preliminary evaluations of their potential eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
In all, 51 archaeological sites and 294 additional isolated archaeological resources were identified in the project areas. Although the presence of archaeological resources was anticipated from previous studies, the number of sites was nevertheless surprising. The archaeological resources identified resulted from two very different uses of the landscape during two distinct periods. The earliest evidence of human activities in the project areas is attributable to the Colonial and Sedentary periods (ca. A.D. 775–1125) of the Hohokam cultural tradition. The evidence indicates that the Hohokam were farming on the Cottonwood Canyon alluvial fan, perhaps even using canal irrigation. These agricultural activities appear to have been the central focus of this occupation. The Hohokam are usually characterized as a cultural tradition focused on riverine agriculture, and in fact, the Gila River appears to have been the core of the Hohokam population. The intensive use of these upland, non-riverine areas indicates that the Hohokam agricultural adaptation was diversified and incorporated non-riverine as well as riverine farming strategies.
Cite this Record
Hohokam and Historic Land Use of the Middle Gila River Valley Uplands: The Florence Army National Guard Survey, Pinal County, Arizona. William L. Deaver, Jeffrey Altschul. Technical Series ,46. Tucson, AZ: SRI Press. 1994 ( tDAR id: 425945) ; doi:10.48512/XCV8425945
Keywords
Culture
Euroamerican
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Historic
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Hohokam
Material
Building Materials
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Ceramic
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Chipped Stone
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Fire Cracked Rock
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Glass
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Ground Stone
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Metal
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Wood
Site Name
AZ U:15:177 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:178 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:179 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:180 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:181 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:182 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:183 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:185 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:186 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:187 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:188 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:189 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:190 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:191 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:192 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:193 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:194 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:195 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:196 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:197 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:198 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:199 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:200 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:201 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:202 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:203 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:204 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:205 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:206 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:207 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:209 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:210 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:211 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:212 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:213 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:214 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:215 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:216 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:217 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:218 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:219 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:220 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:221 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:222 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:223 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:224 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:225 (ASM)
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AZ U:15:226 (ASM)
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AZ U:L5:208 (ASM)
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AZ U:LS:176 (ASM)
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AZ U:LS:184 (ASM)
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Site Type
Archaeological Feature
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Artifact Scatter
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Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
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Domestic Structures
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Isolated Feature
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Mine
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Mine-Related Structures
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Petroglyph
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Pit House / Earth Lodge
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Quarry
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Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
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Reymert Mines
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Rock Art
Investigation Types
Consultation
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Heritage Management
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Systematic Survey
Geographic Keywords
Arizona (State / Territory)
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Florence
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Florence Junction, AZ
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Florence Military Reservation
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Gila River
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Santan Mountains
Temporal Keywords
Colonial Hohokam
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Historic
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Sedentary Period
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World War II
Temporal Coverage
Calendar Date: 875 to 1125
Spatial Coverage
min long: -111.372; min lat: 33.029 ; max long: -111.283; max lat: 33.229 ;
Individual & Institutional Roles
Contact(s): SRI Press
Contributor(s): William L. Deaver; Jeffrey Altschul; Barbara A. Murphy
Landowner(s): Florence Army National Guard
Prepared By(s): Statistical Research, Inc.
Submitted To(s): U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Los Angeles District
Record Identifiers
Contract No.(s): DACA-09-90-D0027
File Information
Name | Size | Creation Date | Date Uploaded | Access | |
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46_Hohokam-and-Historic_OCR.pdf | 15.47mb | Apr 19, 2017 1:16:30 PM | Public |