Archaeological Testing Report for the Cyprus Miami Leach Facilities Expansion Project, Gila County, Central Arizona

Author(s): Thomas D. Yoder

Year: 1997

Summary

SWCA, Inc., Environmental Consultants (SWCA) has conducted archaeological testing at 24 sites at the request of Tonto National Forest (TNF), the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), and the Cyprus Miami Mining Corporation (CMMC). The Leach Facilities Expansion Project (CMMC Project), whose purpose is to extend CMMC's mining operations, will impact 31 archeological sites located within the proposed project study areas. Seven of these are Native American sites that were considered eligible for the National Register based on survey data, so no testing was conducted on these sites. Archaeological testing was conducted on 24 sites, however, and the results of this operation are discussed in this document. Of the sites investigated during the testing phase, 9 are Native American in origin and date to the Prehistoric, Protohistoric, or Historical periods, 13 are associated with the Historical Period, and two exhibit both Native American and Historical components. Eighteen of the 24 sites that were tested are recommended by SWCA to be eligible for the National Register.

Seven Historic Contexts were identified that pertain to Native American sites: Archaic Period settlement, PreClassic Period settlement, Classic Period socio-political-ideological systems, Classic Period subsistence, Classic Period exchange-trade-commerce, Classic Period demography, and Apache/Yavapai Period settlement. Native American Chronology was also an important issue to be considered. The Native American sites were classified by four property types: residential/habitation sites (n=3), temporary residential sites (n=6), resource procurement/processing sites (n=7), and agricultural sites (n=2). Temporally, most of the Native American sites within the project area date to Classic Period Salado occupations, although three sites exhibited evidence of possible Late Archaic and/or Apache occupations.

Five Historic Contexts were addressed for Historical sites: Historical Period demography, Historical Period technology and industry, Historical Period exchange-trade-commerce. Historical Period subsistence, and Historical Period government activity. Historical Period Chronology was also considered. Historical Period sites include eight property types: trash dump (n = l), ranch (n = l), cabin (n=2), quarry/mine (n=4), mining camp/settlement/town (n=2), commercial or industrial structure/site (n=2), CCC/WPA camp or project (n= 1), and transportation feature (n=2).

Cite this Record

Archaeological Testing Report for the Cyprus Miami Leach Facilities Expansion Project, Gila County, Central Arizona, 48. Thomas D. Yoder. 1997 ( tDAR id: 447743) ; doi:10.48512/XCV8447743

This Resource is Part of the Following Collections

Keywords

Culture
Hohokam • Huhugam

Material
Ceramic • Chipped Stone • Fauna • Fire Cracked Rock • Glass • Ground Stone • Macrobotanical • Metal • Pollen • Shell • Wood

Site Name
AR-03-12-02-528 (TNF) • AR-03-12-02-536 (TNF) • AR-03-12-02-541 (TNF) • AR-03-12-02-548 (TNF) • AR-03-12-02-549 (TNF) • AR-03-12-02-550 (TNF) • AZ V:9:327 (ASM) • AZ V:9:336 (ASM) • AZ V:9:342 (ASM) • AZ V:9:343 (ASM) • AZ V:9:344 (ASM) • AZ V:9:345 (ASM) • AZ V:9:346 (ASM) • AZ V:9:347 (ASM) • AZ V:9:348 (ASM) • AZ V:9:352 (ASM) • AZ V:9:357 (ASM)

Site Type
Agricultural or Herding • Artifact Scatter • check dams • Concrete Foundation • Corral • House • Midden • Mine • Mine Tunnels • Pit • Pit House / Earth Lodge • Ranch • Road • Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno • Rock Alignment • Trash Midden • Vernacular-Style Structure

Investigation Types
Data Recovery / Excavation • Records Search / Inventory Checking • Site Evaluation / Testing

General
Artifact Analysis

Geographic Keywords
Arizona (State / Territory) • Pinal (County) • Tonto Basin

Temporal Keywords
Ceramic Period • Classic Period • Late Archaic Period • Pre-Classic • Prehistoric

Spatial Coverage

min long: -111.033; min lat: 33.34 ; max long: -110.815; max lat: 33.439 ;

Individual & Institutional Roles

Contact(s): SWCA Environmental Consultants

Contributor(s): Richard V.N. Ahlstrom; David P. Doak; Laural Myers; Mary Charlotte Thurtle; Ronald H. Towner

Prepared By(s): SWCA Environmental Consultants

Submitted To(s): Tonto National Forest; Cyprus Miami Mining Corporation

File Information

  Name Size Creation Date Date Uploaded Access
97-48A_OCR_PDFA_Redacted.pdf 9.17mb Jan 5, 2021 3:07:33 PM Public
This file is the redacted version of the resource.
97-48A_OCR_PDFA.pdf 11.67mb Aug 8, 1997 Dec 5, 2018 3:48:35 PM Confidential
This file is the unredacted version of the resource.

Accessing Restricted Files

At least one of the files for this resource is restricted from public view. For more information regarding access to these files, please reference the contact information below

Contact(s): SWCA Environmental Consultants

This Resource is Part of the Following User Created Collections