Society for American Archaeology 83rd Annual Meeting, Washington, DC (2018)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Szpak.

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DOCUMENT Citation Only Alessandra Pecci.

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DOCUMENT Citation Only Jordan Downey.

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and remotely-sensed data are now used ubiquitously in archaeology. While these tools offer incredible possibilities for landscape archaeology and can be extremely cost-effective compared to traditional survey methods, they are nevertheless costs that must be borne by research budgets and home institutions. Data acquisition can easily reach thousands of dollars, and industry-leading GIS software platforms require expensive annual licenses. But all hope is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katie Hemer.

A child who is unwell or physically impaired naturally causes concern and anxiety for his or her parents/carers. For many in today’s modern society, accessible medical care means that the challenges associated with caring for a sick or disabled child can be overcome or, at least, minimized. But how did parents/carers respond and adapt to the demands of ill-health and physical impairment in children during the early medieval period? In seeking to address this question, this paper will explore...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Markus Eberl. Sven Gronemeyer. Claudia Marie Vela González.

In Classic Maya society, termination rituals were conducted to ‘kill’ buildings and artifacts, predominantly in elite contexts. The resulting deposits were rapidly deposited in intentionally damaged buildings. They contain dense artifact assemblages with exotic objects and refittable ceramic sherds. After burning them, the artifacts were covered with white marl. Here, we report the extensive excavation of non-elite Structure 5PS-12 at the outskirts of the Classic Maya capital of Tamarindito. Its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valda Black. Ricky Nelson. Ivanna Robledo. Danielle Kurin.

Non-metric cranial traits and craniometric scoring are often used as a quicker and cheaper alternative to genetic markers when analyzing biological distance within and between populations. However, in populations with intentional artificial cranial modifications, the only option is scoring non-metric cranial traits since the craniometrics are too heavily affected by the modifications. Studies have shown that although non-metrics are the best alternative, some traits cause a bias that can differ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Garraty.

Numerous archaeological studies of European-Native American interaction in the Americas during the colonial and historic eras focus on the processes by which Native American households and communities procured and adopted (or resisted the adoption of) European technologies and material culture. Comparatively few studies have addressed instances in which non-Native households incorporated Native American technologies and material culture. Recent archaeological investigations in Tempe and Phoenix,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Angelina Perrotti.

Paleobotanists and palynologists must be able to identify various types of plant remains from archaeological sites. Because of the difficulty of becoming familiar with the vast array of microfossils found in a typical pollen sample, non-pollen palynomorphs (such as fungal spores) are often overlooked in traditional palynological analyses. However, they can be indicators of various environmental changes such as fluctuations in plant and animal communities, erosion and fire events. This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clifford Brown.

The quantitative model of diffusion traditionally studied in archaeology uses Gaussian statistics and Brownian motion to envisage a slow wave of advance. It originates from Fisher’s model for the diffusion of advantageous alleles across the landscape, but was then applied in archaeology to the diffusion of agriculture from the Near East into Europe. More recently, Lévy flights, which are random walks with step lengths derived from power-law distributions, have been proposed as models for human...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John F. Hoffecker.

For historical reasons, the Middle and Upper Paleolithic record of Europe has been viewed largely through the prism of rockshelters in the southwestern corner of the continent. Europe is dominated geographically, however, by an immense plain that stretches from the Carpathians to the Ural Mountains, much of which is devoid of natural shelters. Vance Holliday has made a significant contribution to the study of soils, stratigraphy, and site-formation process in open-air Middle and Upper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Bussiere. Nadya Prociuk.

The Postclassic period (ca. 1000-1520 CE) in the coastal Gulf of Mexico was characterized by an increase in trade and interaction between groups moving along the coastline and larger inland polities such as the Aztec empire. While exchange between Mesoamerican groups is increasingly well documented, the extent of interaction between people in Mesoamerica and those living further northward is poorly understood. Evidence of the nature and strength of cultural ties between the Huasteca of the Gulf...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thatcher Seltzer-Rogers.

In the 1930s through 1960s, several sites in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico were excavated to assess their role in a regional system that spanned across the international border. Many of these sites were characterized by their shared, mixed composition of architectural, ceramic, and iconography traits that did not neatly fit into established archaeological cultures. Subsequently, they became the basis of understanding for the northern Casas Grandes frontier, oftentimes termed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel Duwe.

In the 1500s the settlement patterns of the Tewa Pueblo world fundamentally shifted. The Rio Chama valley was a population center with 12 villages housing thousands of people at the beginning of the fifteenth century. By century’s end it was nearly devoid of full-time habitation. The timing and causes of the protohistoric ‘abandonment’ of the Chama has sparked interest from archaeologists and historians. Was this movement out of the Chama the continuation of a centuries-long process of Pueblo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chloé Andrieu. Edgar Carpio. Brent Woodfill. Arthur Demarest.

During the Classic period most lowlands cities imported obsidian from the El Chayal source, the other two major high quality outcrops (SMJ and Ixtepeque), being in the minority by comparison. Despite the fact that much has yet to be understood about the way this material was transported from the Highlands to the Lowlands, the recent discoveries at Cancuen of a single cache containing hundreds of complete prismatic cores demonstrated that this site played a major role in the production and export...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Darryl Wilkinson.

Power depends on certain modes of relation between people and things; a fact archaeologists have recognized for some time. Thus there can be no states or rulers without monuments, elite regalia, official iconographies and the like—although traditionally it is only the human component that has been seen as the active element in this equation. More recently, archaeologists have sought to reconsider humans not as the users of things, but as their partners and co-participants in the social. In this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Debora Trein. Thomas Hart.

Terrace construction for agriculture was integral to the survival and growth of ancient Maya centers in the Lowland Neotropics. Terraces supplied communities with food for consumption and trade, materials for construction and goods production, and plants of medicinal and ritual significance. Research into ancient Maya agricultural practices has been largely situated in wetlands contexts, known to be sites of extensive landscape modification for agricultural purposes. Nevertheless, terraces are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J Andrew Darling. Barnaby V. Lewis. M. Kyle Woodson.

The Gila River Indian Community Tribal Historic Preservation Office and Cultural Resource Management Program have been engaged in Traditional Cultural Property (TCP) inventory for more than two decades. This presentation considers the role of Nuh nuhy Himdag (song culture) in TCP identification with specific reference to a recent study of Vainom Do’ag (Iron Mountain), which, based on a ruling by the United States Board of Geographic Names in 2008, was named Piestewa Peak in honor of the first...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Cox. Valerie Sgheiza.

The Point San Jose skeletal collection was excavated from a 19th century medical waste deposit. Remains within the deposit were completely commingled and highly fragmented. As re-association was highly unlikely, careful assessment of the commingled nature of the collection was required. To establish the Minimum Number of Individuals (MNI) represented in the collection, two approaches were used: Max (L,R) and an age-informed MNI. The maximum count per unique element resulted in an MNI of 22...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jared Katz.

Over the past several years, the Maya Music Project has documented over 430 ancient Maya musical instruments. In addition to photographing all of the instruments, over 160 musical artifacts have been 3D scanned, and audio recordings were made of many of the artifacts. This paper will focus on the typological analysis of instruments based not only on their stylistic and technological attributes, but also on the tones the instruments are able to produce, as it is clear the artisans who created...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anne Marie Snoddy. Charlotte King. Vivien Standen. Bernardo Arriaza. Sian Halcrow.

The Atacama Desert is a remarkably marginal environment. Children are vulnerable individuals and the perinatal and weaning periods are high-risk even under ideal conditions. Investigation of stress during early life is therefore vital to the characterisation of human adaptation in this region. We compared isotopic evidence for infant diet and stress with paleopathological data to assess potential changes in maternal and infant health between the pre-agricultural Archaic Period (9000 – 3500 BP)...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nanebah Nez.

On January 25, 2012, the Forest Service sought assistance from the San Carlos Apache Tribe in evaluating Chi’chil bildagoteel (Oak Flat) as a Traditional Cultural Property (TCP). This request was motivated by a land exchange proposed to congress which would transfer Oak Flat, Forest Service managed land, to Resolution Copper Mine for purposes of ore extraction. Four years later on March 4, 2016 the Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places officially designated Oak Flat a Traditional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Bouslog.

This presentation will give an overview of the past and present investigations of this African American archaeological site in the heart of Montgomery County, Maryland. Particular attention will be given to Oakley Cabin's historical context as a "geography of resistance."

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Porter. Christopher Hoffman. Kea Johnston.

The growth in object photogrammetry standards and techniques offers new opportunities for university museums concerned with collections care, research, education, and public engagement. The Phoebe Hearst Museum’s global collection of 3.8 million objects spanning two million years and six continents presents an ideal context in which to explore such opportunities and work through interesting challenges. This paper describes how UC Berkeley faculty, staff, and students are collaborating on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Ames.

When departing one’s home, how does an emigrant decide what to bring? In arriving at a destination, in what ways does an emigrant (re)construct their understanding of place? This paper addresses the question of materiality in emigration by investigating the objects surrounding the act departure, and (re)structuring of one’s life in emigration. I focus on three facets of the material expression of emigration: the things they bring, the worlds they build, and the resulting influences they have...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bryan Miller.

Material remains of communities and peoples enmeshed in imperial regimes are most often assessed as representations of incorporation into empires. Yet many of the objects in consideration were not so much passive material declarations as they were tools for active demonstrations. Authority, regional and local, derived from membership in exclusive imperial echelons; membership that required more than mere badges of identity but performances of imperially-derived authority. This paper addresses...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stanislava Chavez.

This paper explores roles played by objects in forging and cementing local and state identities at a Tiahuanaco cemetery at Cundisa in Copacabana, Bolivia. The cemetery consists of 98 Tiahuanaco burials excavated by the Yaya-Mama Archaeological Project. The majority of tombs contain a single individual. Most of the complete objects associated with these burials belong to classic Tiahuanaco style of decorated pottery, but there is also another peculiar pattern of unfired clay miniatures and large...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brett Hill. Bernard Siquieros.

Historically, anthropologists have tended to treat Native Americans as subjects more than as colleagues. This tendency is in the midst of reorientation as Native people everywhere assert their interest in heritage through the modes of Western professional discourse. We have recently worked together on a collaborative educational project to bring together O’odham and non-Native students to consider heritage from multiple perspectives. Together, we visited museums, monuments, archaeological sites,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Max Ayala.

During the years A.D. 550/600 to A.D. 900/1000 there was a significant emergence of sites with large populations who at one point were subjected to Teotihuacan’s control. This period is known in Mesoamerica as the Late Classic or Epiclassic period. At this time emerging groups sought to control specific resources that would give them power over other groups. One of the most sought after and exploited resources was obsidian. It is known that some deposits were not exploited as intensively and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nadia Johnson.

In the Middle Formative, Chalcatzingo was one of Highland Mexico’s dominant settlements. At its peak, Chalcatzingo had a well-developed obsidian blade technology and established lines of trade with the Gulf Coast. Chalcatzingo’s role in the exchange of obsidian in earlier periods is less well understood. This paper combines geochemical sourcing and technological analysis of an Early Formative obsidian assemblage from Chalcatzingo in order to elucidate this role. Geochemical sourcing enables a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gabriela Montero. Nathan Wilson. Lourdes Budar.

In this paper, we present the results of technological and visual sourcing analyses of over 1000 obsidian artifacts collected by the Proyecto Arqueológico Piedra Labrada (PiLab), directed by Dr. Lourdes Budar. The PiLab area of study, the eastern Sierra de los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico, includes the eastern flanks of the Sierra de Santa Marta and the adjacent coastal plain along the Gulf of Mexico, and has a long sequence of Prehispanic occupation. Despite this, and almost a decade of regional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathan Wilson.

In this paper, I present new data on lithic production, consumption, and importation from the site of Teotepec, a large pre-Hispanic settlement located in the Sierra de los Tuxtlas region of Veracruz, Mexico. Like much of the Mexican Gulf Coast, the Prehispanic inhabitants of the Sierra de los Tuxtlas relied on non-local obsidian for most of their lithic needs. Using the results of recently completed technological and visual source analyses, I identify differences in production and consumption...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alejandro Pastrana. Annick Daneels. Silvia Domínguez.

During the Classic period (1st mill. CE), South Central Veracruz was a mosaic of microstates in which obsidian was scarce but available to everyone. Semi-intensive systematic survey in 400 km2 of the lower Cotaxtla basin showed occasional concentrations that led to propose two alternatives: state-controlled workshops obtaining and redistributing artifacts to resident population, or independent workshops servicing clients across borders, implying the existence of a market-based economy. Chaîne...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Reid. William Ridge.

Wider accessibility to analytical instruments has resulted in the rapid expansion of geochemical datasets useful to trace archaeological materials such as obsidian to their geologic source. While these findings are useful on a site-to-site basis, this paper utilizes Social Network Analysis (SNA) as an exploratory tool to investigate broad-scale patterns of obsidian procurement and exchange in prehistoric Peru. Alongside visualizations of this large dataset, centrality measurements allow us to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Don Hann.

Cultural resources in wilderness areas can be difficult to manage due to a lack of dedicated funding and few undertakings which trigger survey through the National Historic Preservation Act. After a series of extensive wildfires in the 1990s the Malheur National Forest surveyed much of the Strawberry Mountain Wilderness Area using volunteers from the Forest Service's Passport In Time program. Crews documented several extensive obsidian dominated lithic scatter sites. The debitage and other...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zachary Hruby.

The position of Vista Alegre at the Northeastern edge of the Yucatan Peninsula, a gateway between the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, made it a strategic location for circumpeninsular maritime trade in Pre-Colombian times. A robust sample of obsidian artifacts from the Terminal-Postclassic transition increases our understanding of trade relations between the eastern and western sides of the Maya world. Technological and source analyses of obsidian artifacts from the site are presented to fill...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carly Whelan.

Geochemical sourcing of lithic artifacts has proven to be a useful analytical tool for the studies of trade and mobility in the archaeological record. However, it is difficult to distinguish lithic material acquired through exchange from material acquired directly from the source. Economic models of lithic reduction suggest that material procured for the purpose of exchange may be treated differently than material procured for personal consumption. I compare obsidian source profiles and lithic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cecelia Klein.

A number of enigmatic human figures in the imagery of late 9th-early 10th century A.D. Chichen Itza can be identified as fire priests, men whose task was to drill, tend, and/or oversee ritual fires reenacting the primordial birth of the sun from a flaming hearth at ancient Teotihuacan. Detailed analysis of the costumes, ceremonial responsibilities, and internal rankings of Chichen’s Itza’s fire priests reveals strong similarities to those of later Aztec fire priests as documented in painted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sant Mukh Khalsa.

The high morbidity (50% or greater) of Iceland’s Black Death in 1404 C.E. disrupted a rigidly hierarchical Icelandic social order and led to an inability to enforce social and legal constraints on Iceland’s labor classes. This newly untethered and mobile lower class searched for avenues for wealth creation previously unavailable. One avenue, in the century following Iceland’s Black Death, was through fishing and fish exports. During this period, previously tightly restricted fish exports...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Cagney. Joe Dent.

The fieldwork conducted in Tyler Bastian’s 1969-1970 salvage trench at Biggs Ford revealed a unique window into two Late Woodland villages, a Montgomery Complex and a Keyser Complex. The post mold patterns observed in the initial analysis of the trench may indicate the footprints of both complexes. Linear post mold arcs and a ring of pits may be consistent with other known Montgomery Complex sites, namely the Winslow site in Montgomery County. Additionally, post mold patterns in the extreme...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Reitze.

Over the course of several summers I had the opportunity to apprentice to Vance Holliday as he worked on the Southern High Plains. Whilst this work typically involved long hot days I had the opportunity to learn a lot of the intricacies of how field work is conducted by itinerant geoarchaeologists. This allowed me to be directly involved in research at some of the most prominent projects in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. It also exposed me to a cross-section of small towns, motels, and BBQ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bradley Krueger.

Situated in the Potomac River within the District of Columbia, Theodore Roosevelt Island serves as a living memorial to the 26th president of the United States. Secluded from the bustling capital city, the island’s rich history extends beyond the memorial itself. It served as a site of American Indian occupation in the pre-contact era, hosted John Mason’s plantation beginning in the late eighteenth century, was the training ground for the 1st U.S. Colored Troops during the Civil War and then...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Nicolay.

Three Classic Mimbres vessels depict similar ceremonial processions in which individuals carry effigies of animals and/or goggle-eyed beings. The goggle-eyed effigies are versions of a figure common in both Mimbres and Jornada Mogollon rock art that may represent the Mesoamerican rain deity Tlaloc. Similar effigies have been recovered from five cave shrines in southern New Mexico and Arizona: two wooden goggle-eyed figures and one of stone, and two wooden birds. However, modern Pueblo informants...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Desiree Martinez.

For many Native American community members, becoming an archaeologist can be a difficult choice. This is especially true if you have witnessed the wanton destruction of your sacred sites, the disrespectful treatment of your ancestors by archaeologists and have been taught by your family and community to see archaeologists solely as grave diggers. My review of the archaeological literature and interaction with archaeologists during the 1990’s only supported this perspective, bringing doubt to my...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Raymond Mauldin. J. Kevin Hanselka. Cynthia Munoz. Leonard Kemp.

Baker Cave is a dry rock shelter with exceptional organic preservation in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of southwest Texas. The site is best known for high floral and faunal diversity in a Paleoindian-age hearth excavated in 1976, the first of three seasons (1976, 1984, 1985) the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) worked at the site. Only those 1976 excavations have been reported in any detail. This poster summarizes analyses to estimate mast resource use over time at Baker Cave based on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Josh Torres.

The Old Stone House was built in 1765, making it the oldest standing building in Washington, DC. The house has been used throughout its history as a residence or residence/shop. This presentation provides an overview of archeological research conducted at the site and the results of recent investigations. This paper also addresses how historical narratives are produced and consumed and the role of archaeology in public heritage.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Brinkman.

Spanish exploitation of Indigenous people’s labor was a foundational component of the initial colonization of New Mexico. Pueblo Indians and enslaved Plains peoples worked on Spanish public infrastructure projects, built Spanish Missions, tended friar’s livestock, and helped with the daily operations of outlying estancias. At the Sanchez site, evidence of daily labors can be seen in broken manos and metates scattered around the site, the presence of the adobe structures that were built by Pueblo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Ludlow. Michael K. Kehoe.

This paper discusses the findings of initial excavation of a portion of the elusive rural free black community cartographically known as Smoke Town or Leeds Town, situated on the Shenandoah River, Warren County, Virginia. This community was populated by some of the 452 slaves manumitted by Robert Carter III by his Deed of Gift of 1791. Robert Carter III was an affluent grandson of Robert ‘King’ Carter. This Deed of Gift was the largest single manumission of slaves in America until the American...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew DeFelice. Chris Davenport. Mallory Fenn. Jeff Ransom. Sara Ayers-Rigsby.

How do you place a value on heritage at risk, and who gets to make these decisions? In South Florida, sea level rise is an issue of paramount importance, yet preservation of archaeological and historical sites are rarely the focus of resiliency planning efforts. This paper summarizes the efforts of various groups to combat this, though engaging with local governments and city planners to raise awareness of how archaeological sites will be impacted by sea level rise and insert it into policy at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelsey Hanson.

Discussions of ritual performance in the U.S. Southwest are often restricted to the analysis of architecture in residential settings, leaving the potential role of caves largely absent from regional discourse. As settings that are less accessible to the entire community, caves likely represent important venues for ritual performance whose participation is intended only for a select audience. The aims of this paper are twofold. First, through the reevaluation of select wooden ritual assemblages...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Uzma Rizvi.

Fore fronting that "decolonization is not a metaphor" (Tuck and Yang 2012), this paper demonstrates how decolonization is not just an historical process but rather an action that is political at its core. As global efforts to redefine archaeological practice are underway to ensure a more just and equitable practice, political historiographies of colonial archaeology in high income postcolonies, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE), must also be investigated. Epistemic violence embedded...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Jenks.

In 2017, graduate students enrolled in a cultural resource management class conducted a week-long documentation and surface collection project at Paraje San Diego, a popular historic campsite on El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail. The Camino Real once connected the Spanish colony of New Mexico, founded in 1598, to the markets and governing authorities in central Mexico. After Mexico won independence from Spain it served as a commercial corridor between Mexico and the United...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brian Stewart. Kurt Rademaker.

Of Earth’s habitable landscapes, mountain environments present humans with some of the most striking adaptive challenges. But they also offer unique opportunities. Cross-cultural comparative research on montane hunter-gatherers in prehistory has focused on the settlement of expanses of contiguous high-elevation terrain – the world’s ‘high plateaus.’ Yet plateau peopling represents one chapter in a much longer evolutionary story of when, how and why ancient people engaged with upland landscapes....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lara Noldner. Jennifer Mack.

Past populations that are associated with the Oneota archaeological tradition appear to have practiced a variety of burial practices. This paper serves as a presentation of another case study that contributes to our knowledge base of Oneota burial practices. Contexts for human skeletal remains recovered from Oneota sites range from scattered isolated elements to primary burials (both extended and flexed) oriented in various directions, both within constructed mounds and other non-mound features....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Bamforth. Kristen Carlson.

The late 1200s and 1300s saw substantial population shifts in the eastern Plains and Midwest. These occurred in the context of profound sociopolitical and demographic changes, particularly the political decline and depopulation of Cahokia, and regional climatic variation, including significant changes in northern hemisphere temperatures and severe regional droughts. Oneota groups expanded into the east-central Great Plains during this time, at the same time that indigenous Plains farmers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robyn Dodge.

The ancient Maya site, Hun Tun is a Late-Terminal Classic commoner settlement located in northwestern Belize. Research at Hun Tun operates under the Programme for Belize Archaeological Project (PfBAP). Social complexity at the household level serves as a research theme for Hun Tun investigations. This paper addresses the ancient Maya commoners who lived in household contexts at Hun Tun while discussing how their role as a hinterland community contributed to ideas of household identity, social...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher McFarland. Ho Jung Yoo. Rosemary Elliott Smith. Thomas E. Levy. Falko Kuester.

Although new technologies have made it possible to document historical and archaeological sites in greater detail than ever before, and have made it faster and easier to disseminate information, they have also brought about new challenges, especially in connection to long term data preservation. As the quantity of information stored digitally continues to grow it becomes increasingly important to actively curate the information now, for present and future reuse. Not only does data need to be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Stroh Messerole. Mark Anderson.

Data recovery excavations were conducted during 2016-2017 at the Dixon site (13WD8) a large Oneota village located along the Little Sioux River in northwest Iowa. The University of Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist contracted Megan Stroh, archaeologist at the Sanford Museum and Planetarium, to conduct geophysical surveys before initiation of Phase III excavations. A Geoscan Research FM256 fluxgate gradiometer was employed at three different mitigation locations under both pre- and post-top...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lee Drake.

The Lukas-Tooth and Price algorithm for empirical calibration of x-ray fluorescence systems has become the standard for archaeometry, particularly in obsidian sourcing. Here, a new way of using the computer language R and HTML5 websites is introduced to calibrate these systems.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer French.

The study of archaic hominins (non-modern humans) poses some unique challenges to archaeological interpretation, and relies on close integration of archaeological data with those from other allied fields including palaeoanthropology, genetics, primatology, and ethnography. In this opening paper, I reflect on some of the recent advances and discoveries in these fields which are changing the ways in which we both conduct and conceptualise research in to non-modern humans in archaeology. I then...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah Chazin.

This paper considers the connection between the quotidian practices of pastoralism and the role of herd animals (and their material remains) in ritual practices in the Late Bronze Age in the South Caucasus. Zooarchaeological and isotopic analysis of faunal remains from Late Bronze Age (1500-1100 BCE) sites in the Tsaghkahovit Plain, Armenia have revealed new, if perplexing, evidence about everyday practices of production, distribution, and consumption of pastoralist products and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Brittingham. Michael Hren. Gideon Hartman. Keith Wilkinson. Daniel Adler.

A number of different direct and indirect proxies are used to identify fire at archaeological sites. We propose a new organic molecular proxy for identification of anthropogenic fire in archaeological sediments, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These molecules are a byproduct of the incomplete combustion of organic biomass, and are preserved well on deep time scales. We applied this proxy to Lusakert Cave, a Middle Paleolithic site in the Hrazdan Gorge, Armenia. From these same samples,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zuzana Chovanec.

This paper presents the final results of organic residue analysis from the Early Bronze Age settlement and associated cemeteries of Sotira Kaminoudhia. A total of twelve pottery samples were analyzed using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (gc/ms) as part of a larger research program that aimed to identify prestigious, organic substances that would have been utilized on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus during the prehistoric Bronze Age. Three categories of prestigious substances...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alanna Ossa.

I analyze residential inventories from the center of Sauce and its hinterland in combination with regional settlement data from Barbara Stark’s Proyecto Arqueológico La Mixtequilla (PALM I, II) to describe the structure of exchange, production, and consumption of obsidian chipped stone during the Middle Postclassic period (AD 1200-1350) in south-central Veracruz, Mexico. Previous research on obsidian production found a spatial association with Sauce, which could support political administration...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynn Gamble.

The Chumash Indians of southern California made and used beads of stone, bone, and a variety of species of shell for over 8,000 years. A noted shift in shell beads occurred about 800 years ago with the appearance of a new bead type, cupped beads, made from the thick callus of the Callianax biplicata, a portion of the shell that had previously not been used. These types of beads were common throughout the Chumash region and elsewhere during the Late period and have been identified as money beads...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jon Shellenberger.

The perspectives of Native Americans within the field of archaeology can no longer be tossed aside. Native Americans have placed special cultural significance on archaeological resources long before 1492. The relationship between Archaeology and Native Americans is well-known to be a tumultuous one. The integration of Native American perspectives on the management of resources significant to tribes has been a continuum of paternalism and racial segregation. Archaeologists are in a rare position...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Geurds.

Authenticating relations are defined by artisanship, temporality, value-making and ethnographic authority. These relations are visible in contemporary museum settings as well as in the art world as such, and may be particularly poignant in the case of the Caribbean and Central America with its diverse manifestations of emotive styles and materials such as wood and stone. Historically deep and widespread, 19th and 20th century Central American trafficking of pre-Columbian things was tied to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeleine Yakal.

The presence of tradeware ceramics (stoneware and porcelain) in the Philippines indicates interaction and exchange with foreign traders. Of particular interest is the spread of Ming (1368-1644) porcelain, which overlapped with the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. Ming ceramics are abundant in the archaeological record of the Philippines, spanning pre- and post-contact periods. These ceramics even became one of the major trade items during the Spanish Philippines. To establish the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah Mattson. Jacque Kocer.

In the late 1890s, the Hyde Exploring Expedition collected over 650 finished ornaments from Room 28 in Pueblo Bonito. UNM’s recent re-excavation of the room, including material derived from backdirt from adjacent rooms as well as intact floor and subfloor deposits, produced thousands of additional ornaments and pieces of lapidary debris. This paper presents the results of the analysis of this combined assemblage and discusses its significance in relation to ornaments found in other portions of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Victoria Izzo. Jennifer Marla Toyne. Michael Callaghan. Brigitte Kovacevich.

Excavations at the site of Holtun, Guatemala during the 2014 – 2017 field seasons yielded eighteen human burials from various temporal periods and site locations. Holtun was inhabited by the ancient Maya from the Middle Preclassic (1000 – 300 BCE) to the Terminal Classic Period (600 – 900 CE). Recent archaeological investigations have identified the Preclassic period at Holtun as a time characterized by increasing social inequality, but few burials have been recovered to infer the impact of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sherry Fox. Sandra Garvie-Lok. Steve Friesen.

Corinth and Paphos were two key centers of the ancient Mediterranean during the Hellenistic and Roman eras. While the commercial and political lives if these communities have been studied, less is known about aspects of day to day life such as diet and health. Here we present some insights based on paleopathology and collagen stable isotope analysis. This study (n = 275 individuals for Paphos; 94 individuals for Corinth) suggests populations that were under a certain amount of stress. Mean...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nick Belluzzo.

This paper explores the way in which contact-era Palauan society negotiated between hierarchy and heterarchy to ensure long-term sociopolitical stability, developing and deploying a theory of competitive anarchy. The evaluation critiques the frequent correlation of complexity with hierarchy and centrality and does so through a geostatistical analysis. This investigation begins with the development of a proposed model of Palauan sociopolitical structure, derived through ethnographic descriptions...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Murray.

As an archaeologist who practices and teaches holistic anthropology and has long been fascinated by the rich prehistory of Central Europe, I am shy about sharing my anthropological tendencies with German colleagues. When I do, I am often greeted with surprise, confusion, and a polite suggestion that I should be in Papua New Guinea or other places where German anthropologists engage with people who are perceived as different from contemporary Europeans. In Central Europe, archaeology is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Sonderman. Stefan Woehlke.

Over the past 15 years NPS archeological sites from Texas to Maine have faced devastating impacts from hurricanes and other climate related events. During this time, Hurricanes such as Isabel, Ivan, Katrina, Sandy and most recently Harvey and Irma have caused extensive damage to NPS archeological sites. Although not subjected to direct impacts from these recent hurricanes, National Capital Region (NCR) parks have been heavily damaged by their collateral impacts, typically in the form of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Annabeth Headrick.

In the Early Classic period a distinct characteristic of Central Mexican art is the appearance of warriors in public art. To the contrary, these figures generally appear on more private, personal items in the art of the Classic Maya, though their proliferation on these media distinctly rises in the Late Classic. In a remarkable development, the presence of warriors in public art explodes in Early Postclassic Chichen Itza. While central Mexican influence may have sparked this development, this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Thompson. Andrew Zipkin. David Wright. Stanley Ambrose. Flora Schilt.

The modern climate of the southernmost African Rift Valley is characterized by a single warm-wet season, which receives almost all annual precipitation. The other six months are arid, and surface water is confined to major river and lake features. In the northern basin of Lake Malawi, at the southern extent of the modern ITCZ, core records show a rapid increase in water surface temperatures peaking at ~5.5 ka, followed by a major expansion of grasslands. This coincides with the end of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Kirker.

Surveys in 1997 and 1998 recorded 89 Classic Maya sites with 254 structures in the near periphery of Piedras Negras, Guatemala. Twenty-five sites were test pitted and five were intensively excavated. Recent re-analysis of the ceramic, lithic and architectural data from these sites provides new insights into how the Late Classic Maya (A.D. 625-825) in the near periphery participated in the Piedras Negras kingdom. Population size and implications for conflict are considered. Comparison of material...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Hechler.

While highland Peru’s Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000-1400) is characterized by community isolation, regional violence and shrinking exchange networks, the contemporary northern Ecuadorian Late Integration Period was a time of large-scale interregional activity that saw the flourishing of market economies. The northern Ecuadorian Andes demonstrated highly diverse cultural practices amongst an intimately connected Barbacoan world that stretched from between the highlands of northern Ecuador and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Guido Pezzarossi. Kelton Sheridan.

Ceramic assemblages of Postclassic and Colonial Maya sites in highland and coastal Guatemala are dominated by comales: griddle-like cooking vessels indicative of a maize tortilla diet. Given that some archaeologists have interpreted the appearance of the nixtamal/tortilla/comal complex in Guatemala as evidence of the "Mexicanization" of the Maya region, the Pacific coastal region of Guatemala -and its Central Mexican diasporic populations- is seen as the likely source of comales. As a result,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel Kwan. David Smith.

This presentation provides a preliminary overview of the diachronic modifications that occurred in the Shangshan ceramic technological tradition (approximately 11,400 to 8,600 cal. BP). It is hypothesized that Shangshan peoples engaged in low-level cultivation of rice and began the process of bringing this crucial cereal under domestication. The authors explore the relationship between changes in Shangshan pottery technology, culinary practices, and the emergence of rice cultivation as factors...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Muller.

The First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was faced with something all churches confronted – the death of their parishioners. Their burying ground along with their church would evolve and change in both size and location over time. By mid-eighteenth century Lagrange Cemetery was in full use. Who occupied the First Baptist’s Lagrange Cemetery in early Philadelphia? Who were the notable and not so notable residents buried side by side? In exploring the history of over one hundred years of its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Spears. Saul Hedquist.

The publication of National Register Bulletin 38 in 1990 highlighted the importance of living communities to historic preservation by establishing traditional cultural properties as places eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (Register). While the concept of traditionally important places was not new in 1990, locations important to living communities had received varied, and often minimal, consideration under the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). By...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ellery Frahm.

Portable XRF instruments have advanced considerably over the past decade, and many of their technical advancements are highly useful for the archaeological sciences, especially compared to fields like art conservation. The newest generation of detectors and their processing electronics, for example, make measurements significantly shorter, allowing characterization of much larger assemblages. Other advances, though, involve more than mere speed. Ruggedized instruments are dust-proof,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Waters. Jessi Halligan.

Late Pleistocene terrestrial archaeological sites now lie submerged in the karstic river systems of Florida. Nowhere is this more apparent than along the Aucilla River where dozens of inundated prehistoric sites are known. One of the most important sites is Page-Ladson, which has yielded some of the earliest unequivocal evidence for pre-Clovis occupation in North America, dating back to 14,550 cal yr B.P. At that time, sea levels had fallen approximately 100 m and people utilized a pond in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marimar Becerra Alvarez.

En la zona este de Los Tuxtlas se ha identificado un complejo sistema de intercomunicación fluvial y marítima, construido a partir del aprovechamiento y acondicionamiento de corrientes acuáticas. Una gran parte de estas vías de comunicación confluyen en el sistema portuario de la costa este de Los Tuxtlas. La región se caracteriza por estar en un abanico aluvial, por lo que presenta un gran dinamismo fluvial, es decir los causes no son estáticos en el tiempo. En los estudios arqueológicos debe...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Xochitl Leon Estrada.

Síntesis de una investigación arqueológica que se enfocó en analizar y comparar la morfología del paisaje cultural de antiguos asentamientos prehispánicos en la sierra de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México. Combinando aspectos de la geografía cultural, procesualismo, y unidades de paisaje geomorfológico se pudieron describir y analizar sitios arqueológicos en Los Tuxtlas, así como discernir las posibles dinámicas de agencia y adaptación del medio ambiente, uso del espacio y aprovechamiento de los...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Edward Koole.

This presentation describes the archaeological context and the lithic variability for the paleo-indian period of the Pains region, an extensive karst situated in the upper São Francisco river valley, state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. It gives an overview of what is known for the region using evidence from four limestone rock shelter sites, with a total area of 28m² excavated, the most important site being the Gruta do Marinheiro cave (20m²), and propose the separation of the lithic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Hranicky. Jack Hranicky.

This illustrated paper presents over ten years of early American research in Virginia and Maryland. It covers 12 pre-Clovis sites, a summary of hundreds of Pleistocene/Early Holocene artifacts, and relies on various professional papers on this topic. It discusses the change over from blade/core technology to biface/core technology around the Younger-Dryas geological event. The paper shows artifacts that have not been seen in the archaeological literature. Several ongoing site investigations are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Shuttleworth.

The 21st century will be remembered as a period of exponential change within paleoanthropology. Though such developments pose academic challenges, an overlooked issue is how we communicate this information to students. A constantly changing foundation of knowledge that increasingly requires an understanding of complex theoretical techniques, coupled with the importance of student satisfaction surveys, educators are faced with a pedagogical dilemma: stick with ‘established’ teaching methods...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Hackenberger. Lourdes Henebry-DeLeon.

Two decades of mortuary and bioarchaeology studies have built evidence for determinations of cultural affiliation for human remains and artifacts associated with the Paleoarchaic and Early Middle Archaic periods. Background studies (under NAGPRA: Kennewick by 2000 and Marmes in 2004, 2010, and 2012) outline major lines of evidence for determining probable affiliation. Sufficient and necessary evidence are subjects of healthy debate. Diversity in burial practices and artifacts unites more than...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jesse Adams. Danny Mullins.

Within west central Utah, site locations dating to the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition (PHT) are generally associated with specific geographical features; such as, the Old River Bed (ORB), inverted stream beds/channels, and the barren playas of the Great Salt Lake Desert (Dugway). Over decades of cultural resource management inventories, numerous PHT-aged archaeological sites have been identified along the maximum extent, and subsequent shorelines and resulting feeder streams, of receding Lake...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deborah Parrish. Jean-Luc Houle. Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan. Matthew Fuka.

The archaeology of the Xiongnu period has grown considerably over the last decade, yet debate still surrounds Xiongnu subsistence practices and the timing for the rise, expansion, and ‘collapse’ of the Xiongnu polity. The problem, in part, has to do with discrepancies between dates that come from the same sites. Some dates have been reported to be earlier when the samples came from human remains. These discrepancies have been attributed to the ‘reservoir effect’. In order to investigate this, we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard-Patrick Cromwell. Erin Herring. Chantel Saban. Brianna Kendrick.

Coprolites recovered from archaeological context provide direct access to understanding past human interactions with their environments. The Paisley Caves of south-central Oregon are notable for the presence of hundreds of preserved coprolites, the oldest confirmed as being human in origin and approximately 14,350 cal. BP years old. Our project focused on analyzing a series of coprolites and their corresponding sediments to look for variabilities in the paleoenvironment in the area immediate to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paige Hawthorne. Margo Schwadron. Alexandra Parsons. Carla Hadden. Tanya Peres.

Florida National Parks preserve millions of acres of wetlands, subtropical estuaries and prehistoric waterways interconnecting thousands of tree islands, middens and shell work islands, comprising one of the largest and most complex prehistoric maritime landscapes worldwide. Recursive human and natural dynamics shaped these landscapes over deep time, but they are now beginning to be impacted by rising sea level and climate change. What can we learn from changes on the landscape and human and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Russell Graham. Dennis Stanford. E. James Dixon. Thomas W. Stafford Jr..

The Lamb Spring site located in central Colorado is a late Quaternary locality with stratified Pleistocene and Holocene faunal remains. The late Pleistocene component is dominated by mammoth (Mammuthus columbi) but contains other grazing taxa like horse, bison, American camel, Harlan’s ground sloth, etc. The general lack of microfauna from this horizon makes detailed paleoecological interpretations difficult. However, the megafauna point to a dominance of grassland with the possibility of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carla Hadden. Margo Schwadron. Alexandra Parsons. Taesoo Jung.

The Turner River Mound Complex is an intensively modified landscape consisting of numerous shell mounds and other shell work features such as ridges, walkways, canals and ponds. Located in the Ten Thousand Islands region of Everglades National Park, a subtropical mangrove estuary, the complex is an unusual example of the prehistoric tradition of shell-built architecture in Southwest Florida. In this project we combine traditional zooarchaeological analyses, stable isotope sclerochronology, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Savarese. Antonio Arruza. Victor Thompson. Karen Walker. William Marquardt.

The Calusa occupied Mound Key in Estero Bay, southwest Florida, from approximately AD600 to the 1700s with this location serving as a cultural and political center from ca. AD950. As a fisher-gatherer-hunter society, they heavily exploited the shellfish and finfish resources of the estuary. During this time, Estero Bay’s estuarine ecology and coastal geomorphology developed in response to variable rates of sea-level rise (SLR) and climate change. Our work integrates archaeological and geological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bryan Núñez Aparcana. Nina Castillo.

The archaeological site of Cerro Azul is located near the sea in the Cañete valley, Central Coast of Perú. This site is related with the Late Intermediate ethnic group called "Huarcos", that lasted through the Inca influence during the Late Horizon. This study presents a preliminary analysis of the botanical remains based on the presence, diversification and amount of certain species such as maize, roots, fruits and legumes in relation with the changes through the occupation of this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brigitte Faugere.

The Highlands of North Center and Western Mexico were occupied from the lithic period as testify paleo Indian vestiges (Clovis and Agate Basin points) found in several sectors. From the beginning of Holocene, only the excavations of some sites allow to recognize typological characteristics and to know how the archaeological material change through time. In this presentation, I will examine the available data, in particular the cases of the States of Querétaro and Michoacan, to show the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Jones. Ashley Smallwood. Thomas Jennings. Jerald Ledbetter. Charlotte Pevny.

In the twenty years since the O’Steen and Ledbetter et. al chapters in The Paleoindian and Early Archaic Southeast, a great deal of work on the earliest occupations of Georgia has occurred. In this paper, we review recent fieldwork and collections research that have contributed to our understanding of Georgia’s early record, update distributional data of Paleoindian and Early Archaic diagnostics across the state, and compare this diagnostic distributional data with raw material distributions...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel Kitchel. Heather Rockwell.

In the late seventies and early eighties Robson Bonnichsen identified and tested several fluted point occupation loci adjacent to chert deposits on Norway Bluff, Piscataquis County, Maine. Since that time various research projects have demonstrated the importance of chert from this region to the lithic economy of fluted point groups in northeastern North America. Despite these new insights little archaeological research has taken place in the Munsungun Lake region since Bonnichsen’s original...