SAA 2021: General Sessions

DOCUMENT Citation Only Albert Waters. John Vandergugten. Gavin Donathan.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeology is of great public interest, but a lack of approachable academic and popular materials may deter public engagement with our field and our research, meaning archaeologists must develop innovative means of communication. It is also vital that we make our work more accessible to local community members, whose history we are often excavating. Digital...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marina Lemly. Keith Prufer.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaic people and Classic Period Maya played important roles in shaping their environments. Through early deforestation and later agricultural erosion humans have modified the world they lived in. This study aims to show the role the Maya had in the environmental change in their region. We report results of analysis of a 5,500-year-long profiles soil from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica Ivins. Colin Quinn. Horia Ciugudean. Gabriel Balan. Lacey Carpenter.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The abandonment of mortuary spaces is an intentional social process. As a political act, the choice to abandon a cemetery is a moment in which communities manipulate memory. Most mortuary studies, however, often overlook the social processes that led to cemetery abandonment. This poster presents the results of Bayesian analyses of radiocarbon dates from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew MacIver.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The transition from the Late Shang state (ca. 1300 – 1046 BC) based in Anyang to the Western Zhou state (ca. 1046 – 771 BC) founded in Shaanxi represents one of the most significant geopolitical and cultural transformations in ancient China. The conquest of the Shang by a Zhou-led alliance precipitated in the elimination of the human sacrificial rituals...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gwen Bakke.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. European colonization of North America had profound impacts on Native American populations. These include the introduction of European diseases and warfare, the consolidation and abandonment of traditional lands, and the eventual forced relocation to reservations. Previously, much archaeological focus has been on the demographic, social, and political...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias. Claudine Gravel-Miguel. Robert Bischoff.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The need to relate static archaeological sites to the dynamic processes responsible for their formation is central to the utility of archaeological data for testing hypotheses about the lives of prehistoric humans, and how ecological and social changes affected them. Here we use an agent-based simulation to investigate how different factors influence the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Don Butler. Zachary Dunseth. Yotam Tepper. Guy Bar-Oz. Ruth Shahack-Gross.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. We report new geoarchaeological evidence for a community-scale response to changing agropastoral economics in the Negev Desert during Late Antiquity (c. fourth–tenth century CE). Sustainable resource management is of central importance among agrarian societies in marginal drylands. In the Negev, the importance of hinterland trash deposits as archives of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madonna Moss. Amy Shannon.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Rice Ridge (49-KOD-363) is a deeply stratified archaeological site on Kodiak Island, with well-preserved faunal remains dated to the Ocean Bay tradition (7600–4200 cal BP; Kopperl 2003, 2012). The site contained an extensive bird bone assemblage that has not been analyzed before now. Casperson (2012) studied bird bones from Mink Island (49-XMK-030), located...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rudolf Cesaretti. Carlos Cordova. Charles Frederick.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Basin of Mexico (BOM) regional surveys have been a cornerstone of archaeological inferences about Prehispanic demography, political and economic organization over the long-term. However, recent geoarchaeological fieldwork in the BOM has indicated patterned geomorphological biases in the regional surveys, notably the repeated phases of Holocene alluvial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua Porter. Alison Brooks. Scott Whittaker. John Yellen.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A nut cracking stone collected from a 1960s dry season occupation site at Dobe (Western Ngamiland, Botswana) shows not only evidence of cracking and pounding of mongongo nuts and other uses, but also repetitive flaking around the periphery. This flaking is reminiscent of the putative anvil stones from Lomekwi, Kenya (~3.3 Ma) and reinforces the idea that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kaitlin Ahern.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the summers of 2018 and 2019, the author collected 19 lime plaster floor samples from the ancient Maya sites of Cival, Holmul, and Witzna. These three sites are located in the Holmul region, which is situated in the Petén along the border with Guatemala and Belize. The majority of the plaster samples were collected during the Holmul Archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gabriela Saldaña. Tia Watkins. Rosamund Fitzmaurice. Adam Jurský. Julie Hoggarth.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The ceremonial center of Baking Pot, Belize is one of the longest occupied sites in the Belize River Valley, starting in the Late Middle Preclassic (600–300 BC) and spanning through the Terminal Classic (AD 750–900/1000) period, with some evidence of reoccupation during the Late Postclassic (AD 1200–1521) period. Considerable research efforts over the past...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Derick Juptner. Jordan Pratt.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Weed Lake Ditch is an open-air site located on the relict shores of Pluvial Lake Malheur in the Harney Basin of southeastern Oregon. Excavations by the University of Nevada, Reno and the Center for the Study of the First Americans (CSFA) have revealed multiple stemmed points and crescent lithic technology in buried contexts. Faunal remains from the site are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michelle Hegmon. Kari Schleher.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Mimbres Black-on-white pottery from the US Southwest is well known for its beautiful designs and, sadly, also for problems such as looting, fakery, and collection bias. Previous work has documented some of the challenges. The current work develops practical means by which those challenges can be addressed, drawing on a database of Mimbres pottery with designs...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jared Renaud.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2001, as part of the development of the Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan (SDCP), the Pima County government created a list of Priority Cultural Resources (PCRs) as a proactive approach to local heritage conservation. This list of PCRs highlights archaeological and historic sites considered integral to the county’s historical and cultural values and demand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandra Jonassen. Kenichiro Tsukamoto.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. On-floor assemblages provide clues as to how complex administrative and domestic activities interplayed within a structure. By combining photogrammetry, total station and GIS, we developed a geospatial method that plotted each on-floor remain accurately on a GIS map. This poster presents its application to horizontal excavations that took place at the Guzmán...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dylan Kelly.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the early 1600s, the Great Bay Estuary was a frontier colonial settlement that rapidly became an economic hub for the extraction and export of natural resources into the West Indies trade network. Being directly accessible from the Atlantic coast of modern-day New Hampshire, the Great Bay Estuary provided a logical point of entry for water vessels and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katina Lillios.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. At the time of the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, the landscape was dotted with countless ancient sites, including megalithic monuments constructed between the 6th and 3rd millennium BCE. Were these sites ignored, defaced, or destroyed, as they dated to the time before Muhammad (Age of Ignorance/ jāhilīyah), or is there archaeological evidence for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonas Gregorio De Souza.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Human expansions motivated by the spread of farming are one of the most important processes that shaped cultural geographies during the Holocene. The best known example of this phenomenon is the Neolithic expansion in Europe, but parallels in other parts of the globe have recently come into focus. Here, we examine the expansion of four archaeological cultures...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Van Alstyne. Karen Harry. Daniel Perez.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the summer of 2019, members of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas excavated two rooms within Pete’s Pocket, a Virgin Branch Pueblo cultural site located on the Shivwits Plateau in Arizona. The rooms, which were located about 300 meters from the north rim of the Grand Canyon, were contiguous and circular, forming an almost figure-eight shape. An...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sergei Vepretskii. Dmitri Beliaev. Monica de Leon. Camilo Luin.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Maya site of El Encanto is situated 12 km to the northeast from Tikal epicenter. Discovered in 1907 and occasionally visited by various projects throughout the twentieth century, it has never been the subject of large-scale excavations. Based on the map by the University of Pennsylvania Tikal project in 1964 that included two groups, El Encanto was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rosa Alcántara. Sandra Santiago.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. One of the fundamental tasks of archaeology in Mexico is to investigate, conserve, restore, and recover the archaeological monuments; likewise, it is interested in disseminating its studies, for this reason, the results of the analysis of the prehispanic materials found during an archaeological rescue that took place in the historical center of Xochimilco, in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nick Angeloff.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The cannabis industry in Humboldt County, California has driven archaeological work over the past three years. The Cultural Resources Facility at Humboldt State University in collaboration with Archaeological Research and Supply Company strive to garner research value from the exponential increase in workload created by regulatory requirements. Several...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zada Law. Susan Knowles. Ken Middleton.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. A prototype visualization tool for a statewide historical geography of African American communities emerging in Tennessee’s post-Civil War period is raising awareness and elevating visibility of the African American historic cultural landscape—both above and below ground—for cultural resource management as well as for students, educators, planners, and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane Wallman. Mark Hauser. Douglas Armstrong. Kenneth Kelly.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2017, storm surges from Hurricane Maria exposed evidence of an early European colonial settlement on the Caribbean island nation of Dominica. Subsequent survey and testing established the site as a trading settlement, dating from the sixteenth until eighteenth century, a period of dynamic change in the Caribbean. The site is located on the coastline of an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joel Klenck. Mohammed Sahib. Epifania Suafo'a Taua'i.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. An archaeological survey covering 50 acres was conducted in and around Luatele or Judds Crater, an extinct volcano, on Taʻu Island, Manuʻa District, American Samoa. The project identified 24 precontact sites comprising 101 archaeological features and a 142 m cave associated with the Samoan legend of Vaatausili. These features include star mounds, oval boulder...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Agne Civilyte.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Amber is still today a material which is highly appreciated in modern societies. To use amber means to be part of the tradition of thousands of years. The topic "amber in prehistory" became very popular in the last decades in European archaeology. It shows a huge potential for understanding the use practices of special materials in prehistoric societies....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brady Liss. Matthew Howland. Anthony Tamberino. Scott McAvoy. Thomas Levy.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Using photography to thoroughly document the excavation process is a common and long-standing practice on most archaeological excavations. Moreover, since the advent of digital photography, the number of photos captured of an excavation has generally increased. The Edom Lowlands Regional Archaeology Project (directed by Thomas E. Levy and Mohammad Najjar) has...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christina Friberg. Elizabeth Watts Malouchos. Edward Herrmann.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Angel Mounds (12VG1) is a fortified Mississippian multi-mound center on the Ohio River in Vanderburgh County, Indiana. With 11 mounds, hundreds of residential structures, a prepared plaza, and massive daubed palisade wall, previous researchers have suggested Angel is at the top of a complex regional settlement hierarchy in the Ohio Valley. However, to-date,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dorothy Lippert. Desiree Martinez. Michael Wilcox.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The practice of American archaeology, and the knowledge it produces, have impacts on the social, economic, and political policies and laws which affect Native American Tribes and Native American community members. Non-Native cultural heritage and resource managers, academic researchers, and museum staff who work with Tribal heritage often lack basic knowledge...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Seidemann. Christine Halling.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Anatomical specimens used for teaching frequently become available for sale online. In one Louisiana case, authorities confiscated 29 human anatomical specimens. These specimens are used to highlight the breadth of information that can be gathered from such isolated human remains. Anatomical specimens are easily identified by the techniques used to prepare...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrea Carvey.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality are becoming essential aspects of archaeological investigation. We review past and current explorations, including the equipment and software available. Future applications for visualizing archaeological data will be investigated in keeping with the SAA Principles of Archaeological Ethics.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Bandy. David Reinhart.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2014, the Carlsbad Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management acquired 372 square miles of high resolution lidar data in an experimental attempt to map archaeological features over a wide area of southeastern New Mexico. The features of interest were burned rock middens with a distinctive topographic signature. If successful, this effort would have had...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leila Character. Agustin Ortiz Jr..

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The objective of this project was to create a deep learning model that uses digital elevation data to automatically identify shipwrecks. The model uses a convolutional neural network architecture and has a F1 score of 0.92. Deep learning modeling based on remotely sensed imagery is a rapidly expanding area of research within the field of computer science, but...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dawn Rutecki.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Much of the research and scholarship in Southeastern iconography focused on birds and avian or avian anthropomorphic imagery emphasizes connections to warfare, especially raptors and woodpeckers. While some research has discussed how birds relate to broader patterns in iconography, notable gaps in literature exist pertaining to how birds are integrated into...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan Evans.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Aztec empire existed for only ninety years, yet its structure was derived from earlier political constructs and endured after the fall of Tenochtitlan in 1521. It was a dendritic system, each node of power manifested in a palace -- Nahuatl tecpan (lord-place) -- that functioned as a locus of sociopolitical and sacred authority. Lord-places are as old as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kailey Martinez.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Gila National Forest/Wilderness comprised of rich mountainous land spanning between western New Mexico and eastern Arizona. This land was once home to the people of the Mimbres culture. The environments within these natural areas vary due to different altitudes and precipitation, which also affect the variety and amount of ecological resources. Two sites...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julia Furlong. Jerry Galm. Stan Gough.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bayesian analysis of eight calibrated radiocarbon dates from the Sentinel Gap site (central Washington) are presented. Application of a Bayesian framework provides a method of reassessing uncertainty in the age-range provided by this suite of assays. The Bayesian chronology generated through this analysis establishes a higher resolution temporal placement for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carlton Gover. Douglas Bamforth. Kristen Carlson.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper uses a Bayesian approach to existing and new radiocarbon dates to examine the chronology of three distinct 13th through 15th-century occupations on the Central Plains. First, we present new dates from the Lynch Site (25BD1) on Ponca Creek in northeastern Nebraska and examine them in relation to dates on related sites along Ponca Creek. Second, we...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Smith. Alexander Garcia-Putnam.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. During the early Colonial period in Peru Antonio de Oré, a native of the Canary Islands, moved to Peru in hopes of finding fame and fortune. In the 1570s Oré established the obraje (textile mill) de San Marcos de Chincheros (AD C. 1570-C.1823) outside of Huamanga (Ayacucho). At the obraje the mainly indigenous workforce was forced to produce large quantities...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan Snow. Lynn Kim. Steve Davis.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The *Journal of Texas Archeology and History (JTAH) has developed a comprehensive new program for recording gunflint attributes (50+ potential) and site data (40+ items) based on a set of universal standards, taxonomy, methods, and procedures that allow a cloud-based, open-access comparative database to be constructed comprised of North American artifacts. In...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ran Chen. Yue Wu.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The miniaturization of lithic artifacts indicates a significant shift in lithic technology and functions since the Upper Paleolithic, revealing a probable shift in subsistence strategy. Microblades are specific kinds of small stone tools that occur in sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic through Neolithic in many parts of the world. Although it is widely...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nora Franco.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bifaces can be useful in different kinds of situations. For example, they can be part of a curated strategy for peopling of new environments, as well as during their colonization. The knowledge of their distribution around the landscape, taking into account raw materials involved as well as their manufacturing stages and discard causes, compared with lithics...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heidi Miller. Christopher DeCorse.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Castelo de São Jorge da Mina, better known as Elmina, was established in 1482 in modern-day Ghana by the Portuguese as the first European trading post on the coast of West Africa. The fort was captured by the Dutch in 1637 and remained under Dutch control for the next 235 years. It was transferred to the British in 1872, but, when the local Elmina...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Horvey Palacios. J. Marla Toyne. Michael Callaghan. Brigitte Kovacevich.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the Maya area, bioarchaeological and mortuary analysis can help identify patterns of mortuary ritual and social experience of past peoples. However, there is very little bioarchaeological and mortuary evidence for the developing complexity and social experience of the Preclassic period. Major ceremonial centers like Naranjo, Tikal, and Yaxha surround...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeanne Binning.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Over the past 20 years, the recognition and implications of bipolar reduction debitage in the archaeological record have finally been accepted as an important consideration in lithic analysis. Although, this was far from a straight path. In some prehistoric contexts, it is critical that bipolar debitage be recognized to prevent a misinterpretation of aspects...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelley Esh. Allison Campo. Kimberly Maeyama. Anthony Hewitt.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency (DPAA) is responsible for the recovery and identification of missing US servicemembers from past conflicts, including the Vietnam War. This case study involves over 25 years of investigation efforts that led to the recovery of an O-1 Bird Dog pilot shot down over Laos in 1967. The long investigative history for this case...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bethany Potter. Caroline Kisielinski. Justin Tackney. Dennis O'Rourke. Frederic Sellet.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Species detection using DNA recovered from lithic artifacts could indicate the manner in which tools were utilized and ultimately enhance our understanding of the mobility strategies and subsistence patterns employed by past peoples. Geneticists and archaeologists in the 1980s and 1990s managed to successfully extract DNA from lithics, using both modern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kia Taylor Riccio.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This poster presentation complicates the cultural and temporal divisions of pottery types in the Caribbean. Specifically, this work seeks to elucidate the overlapping nature of Kalinago, Taíno, European, and Maroon pottery styles in the Lesser Antilles. Using archaeological material and data from La Soye, Dominica, and reference works from across the Lesser...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Gutierrez. Nahuel Scheifler. Cristian Kaufmann. Daniel Rafuse. Agustina Massigoge.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This study is part of an actualistic taphonomic project designed to characterize the bone modification patterns generated by native South American carnivores. We present the results of the bone modifications (skeletal representation, breakage, and tooth marks) produced by a captive lesser grison (Mustelidae: *Galictis cuja) that was fed 10 wild guinea pigs...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Jolly.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bodies formed a significant component of the ritual practice at Waywaka, an early farming village in the Andean highlands (Andahuaylas, Apurímac, Peru) that was occupied from 1600 BC - AD 700. Recent excavations from 2019 show that the village's early inhabitants buried their dead in their domestic areas and used parts of bodies of the dead in various ways...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Munro. F. Joan Mathien.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the San Juan basin, two multi-century ancestral Pueblo architectural traditions are well documented: orientations to the south-southeast and to the cardinal directions. Beginning in 2007, new surveys at 21 Great Houses and two stand-alone Great Kivas were conducted under a series of NPS and BLM permits. These surveys confirmed the two aforementioned...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lori Lee.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Classification systems that focus on primary function can obscure the cultural significance of objects for the people who used them. Glass bottles store liquids and glass beads are used for adornment. Yet these same objects sometimes had unique cultural meanings for Africans and African Americans who used them. In large assemblages bottles often get...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erika Blecha.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Located in the Sierra Vieja breaks, a subset of the Chihuahua Desert near the Rio Grande in far west Texas, are fields of thousands of small vesicular boulders and survey work found some contain petroglyphs. Beginning in the fall of 2018 the Center for Big Bend studies led a thorough investigation and documentation of over 200 petroglyphs pecked into these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jane Peterson. Michael Gregory.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Material remains and historical documents related to a house in Chicago’s turn-of-the-century Bronzeville neighborhood provide unique glimpses into the everyday life of African Americans who traveled to this northern, industrial metropolis as part of the Great Migration. Excavated deposits produced stratigraphically arranged layers rich in artifacts that speak...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Lobato.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Many archaeologists think that Teotihuacan was a relatively equalitarian society. Prior research on economic inequity has focused on factors such as the size of houses and the remains of murals in residential complexes. The Burials and Society project approaches the question of inequality at Teotihuacan from a new angle, that of burial data. The project has...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Pryor. Shelby Jones-Cervantes.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This poster reports on a collaborative research project between CSU-Fresno Anthropology Department, UC San Diego, and the Santa Rosa Rancheria (Tachi Yokut). Baked clay or daub is an underappreciated piece of evidence from our past. Archeologists often find pieces or concentrations of daub in old Native American village sites that occur in California’s Central...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Adler.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In May 1988, reconstruction activity at the historic mission church at Picuris Pueblo by community members found a small stone box covered with a mano (grinding stone) and containing 27 items, including 18 religious medallions, four metal crucifixes, three crucifixes with inset glass beads, and three thin metal rings. This paper considers the origins and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robin Singleton. Karissa Hughes. Ron Van Den Bussche. Nawa Sugiyama. Courtney Hofman.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Excavations of the Moon and Sun Pyramids (1998-2004) at Teotihuacan have yielded both human and animal sacrifices, interred as part of state rituals. These rituals demonstrated the power of the state, and the species chosen reflected that power. Isotopic and zooarchaeological analyses of the sacrificed animals show that some of them were held for extended...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anya Frashuer. Christopher Carr. Michael D. Glascock.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper examines ceramic exchange as a proxy for the social interaction aspect of community organization in Middle Woodland Period Hopewell groups living in the Scioto River region of Ohio. The results of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and electron microprobe analysis (EMA) are discussed as they relate to the interaction and influence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dawn Crawford. Michael Callaghan. Daniel Pierce. William Gilstrap. Brigitte Kovacevich.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The use of provenance studies to answer anthropological questions related to the production and access of ceramics is well documented for the Maya region. Mineralogical and chemical compositional analyses are often used to identify the material origins, or provenance, of ceramics. In this paper, the authors report on Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Krista Eschbach. John Worth.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeologists frequently have used distinct decorative styles, often found on serving vessels, as indicators of social identity and status. For the Spanish American colonies, focus has been placed on tableware, particularly majolica, as a measure of economic status and socio-racial identity, linked to Spanish-European commensality. Growing research throughout...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brian McKee. Fernando Zuleta. Katherine M. Cera. Christopher D. Taylor.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Coroban site, located on a highly-defensible summit in Morazán, El Salvador, was occupied by the Poton Lenca. The Lenca inhabited most of eastern El Salvador and western and central Honduras during the early sixteenth century Spanish Conquest. They spoke two or more languages with multiple dialects and belonged to distinct, albeit related, cultures. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julio Amador. Ofelia Márquez Huitzil.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper is dedicated to carrying out a detailed study of some of the reliefs that were carved on the slopes of Cerro Chalcatzingo, during the Middle Formative period, as well as to present some critical reflections about the interpretations that have been made by other authors. All descriptions imply interpretation, in consequence, every process of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Ames.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This research addresses structures of migrant ship-board space during nineteenth-century transatlantic crossings. I ask to what extent did controlled use of space reinforce conditions of class on nineteenth-century migrant vessels, and in what ways were boundaries challenged by passengers? I argue that challenging shipboard boundaries was a means by which...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Angelo Robledo. Alan Farahani. Bruce Routledge.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The decline and replacement of stone tools with their metal counterparts in regions with traditions of metallurgy has been shown to have been a slow and variable process that involved specific types of tools marking the metallurgic transition at different times and in specific contexts.  For example, in the region of the southern Levant (Jordan, Palestine,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Noe.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper examines mission documents, agricultural production reports, and faunal remains recovered from three middens situated alongside the Native American barracks at the Spanish mission site of Santa Clara (1777-1836). Mission Santa Clara housed a diverse population of differing Native American groups including predominantly Ohlone speakers, as well as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alecia Schrenk.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Bioarchaeology has provided useful data on the relationship between subsistence patterns and human health. Yet few studies have considered healthcare provisioning in their models. The Bioarcheology of Care (BoC) is a four-stage method for empirically testing the possibility of healthcare provisioning in the past. Using the BoC, this study examines the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jaye Smith. Jeffrey Clark.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2015, centenarian Ray Robinson wanted to find a permanent home for thousands of artifacts he collected from numerous sites in the Safford Basin, Arizona during the late 1950s and 1960s, including items from the Bonito Creek Cave Cache. Through a collaborative effort between Archaeology Southwest, Northern Arizona University and the Arizona State Museum...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Thompson. Gary Feinman. Keith Prufer.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Inequality is present in all forms of human societies, but the degree of inequality within a single city or region varies. Recently in archaeological contexts, inequality has been quantitatively evaluated based on house size using the Gini coefficient and Lorenz Curve, thus enabling the comparison of wealth measures and inequality between ancient cities of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Petra Vaiglova. Gideon Hartman. Guy Bar-Oz.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In the absence of a high-resolution climate archive in Negev Desert, southern Israel, it has been challenging to understand why the Byzantine Empire built large towns in this arid region in the fourth century CE—and why it abandoned them three centuries later. In this study, we use dietary and mobility patterns of animals recovered from three Byzantine Negev...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lori Stephens Reed. Aron Adams. Jeffery Wharton.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Three Chacoan great houses (Aztec North, West, and East) comprise the focal point of the Ancestral Pueblo community at Aztec Ruins National Monument in the Animas Valley of northwestern New Mexico. The well-known occupational histories of Aztec West and East, established through decades of tree-ring dating, includes over 4000 tree ring dates taken from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katrina Cantu. Isabel Rivera-Collazo.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Coastal change can have major impacts on human livelihood security, in the past as well as the present. Sediment cores from coastal wetlands can be used as archives to reconstruct ancient landscapes and coastal environments as well as to understand the impact of ancient sea level inundation and intense atmospheric events. This study presents the preliminary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Detlef Wilke. Peter de Smet.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In recent years several studies have documented plant secondary metabolite containing residues in archaeological find material, extending the supposed utility of vessels and other implements to the ceremonial and religious-ritual domain. Inter alia cacao, coca and tobacco related compounds were identified with LC/MS/MS analytics in the nanogram scale. We...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tony Fitzpatrick.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This work adds collagen δ15N and δ13C to the apatite δ13C and δ18O values previously presented by the author, as well as C:N ratios demonstrating the viability of many samples from Hell Gap. Bison bone can be found throughout Paleoindian deposits at the site, providing a possible proxy for regional climate change. Carbon ratios for collagen samples (n=23)...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Green. Anneke Janzen.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological investigations have demonstrated extensive connections among hunter-gatherer populations across the vast southern Florida landscape facilitated by a complex aquatic ecosystem. The prehistoric inhabitants expressed regionally specific differences in material culture, including and bone artisanship, but engaged in nearly identical subsistence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonah Augustine.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper will examine the aesthetic and affective construction of political subjectivities within the Tiwanaku state (AD 500-1100). Based on evidence for feasting within the ceremonial core of Tiwanaku and a detailed analysis of the polychrome serving wares that were consumed at these events, I will argue that large-scale rituals were sites at which “common...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Sitek.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In this paper I present preliminary findings from extensive household excavations at the large multicomponent site, Cerro San Antonio (L1), in the middle Locumba Valley in southern Peru. While the site represents a valuable dataset for nearly all periods of Andean prehistory, this current research has targeted domestic remains with clear affiliations to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Ebert. Antonio Beardall. Tia Watkins. Julie Hoggarth. Jaime Awe.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Community building through education and public outreach has been a central component of the Belize Valley Archaeological Reconnaissance (BVAR) Project since its inception over 30 years ago. One of our primary goals is to actively engage with local communities and students in archaeological heritage management in western Belize since they are the most impacted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Brumbaugh.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The study of community connections becomes ever more important as our current society faces challenges brought on by advancements in technology, unprecedented health crises, and a changing global climate. By studying community events in the past, we can begin to examine the impact of community structure during times of stress and change. This paper presents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Brown.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Along the base of Muliwai Pali in Waipio Valley, Hawaii the King’s Trail gently travels through a traditional cultural landscape rich in moʻolelo (story) and genealogy. During the summer of 2020 descendants of Waipio, Muliwai and Waimanu participated in the documentation and mapping of select portions within a 1.5 mile corridor of this kuamoʻo (trail) from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Johnson. Jason Nesbitt.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Despite decades of archaeological research, the economic and social ties connecting the eastern Andes and Upper Amazon remain underexplored. Stylistic and compositional comparison of ceramics from the sites of Canchas Uckro (ca. 1100-850 BCE), a large monumental platform situated above the Puccha River, and the Cave of the Owls, on the Monzón River near...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Pablo Bianchi.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The aim of this study is to explore raw material circulation between the Southern Deseado Massif and the nearby open spaces focusing on the late Holocene assemblages. This period is characterized by fluctuations in climate between dryer and wetter conditions. Consequently, this situation could have affected the distribution and concentration of food resources...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thatcher Seltzer-Rogers.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Archaeological investigations in the prehispanic American Southwest/Northwest Mexico region have provided rich insight into the development of sociopolitically complex polities in the Phoenix Basin, Chaco Canyon, Rio Grande valley, and northwestern Chihuahua. In all of these places, sociopolitical complexity is linked to the development of and elite control...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ana Navas.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In Panama, as in other regions of the Caribbean and Latin America, several archaeologists have reported the presence of colonial utilitarian wares, also known as Colono-Indian ware, creole ware, and coarse hand-made earthenware. Previous research on this ware focuses on refining the typologies and identifying traits that could be related to African, Spanish,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy Hare.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. I present an analysis of the landscape connecting shifting ceremonial groups and settlement distributed across the Terminal Classic and Postclassic landscapes in the Mayapán region. Mayapán is the largest Postclassic urban center in the Maya Lowlands and has been the focus of previous research in the area. Traditional and lidar surveys at Mayapán reveal a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eve Dewan. Brandon Gilliland. Lindon Hylton. Angelina Howell.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For nearly two decades, Warm Springs Geo Visions has been a small, independent, tribally-owned firm dedicated to the environmental compliance needs of the Pacific Northwest. Working with a range of federal, state, tribal, and private stakeholders, the company brings a unique set of strengths and perspectives to bear on projects including cultural resource...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lana Dorr. Colin Quinn. Horia Ciugudean. Laura Motta. Lacey Carpenter.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The transition to the Late Bronze Age in Transylvania around 1500 BCE coincided with the arrival of the Noua cultural group from the Eurasian Steppe. These new migrant communities arrived in a Transylvanian landscape that had been occupied by the Wietenberg cultural group for over 500 years. For nearly 150 years, communities with both the Noua and Wietenberg...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Troy Lovata.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Wickiups—sometimes labeled as lean-tos or even misidentified as tipis—are relatively ephemeral, petite wooden structures with a clear presence in the American Intermountain West. Extensive archaeological research has been conducted into wickiups created by Numic peoples and Utes and Apaches in the protohistoric and historic periods. Yet, as with artifacts and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Santiago Juarez.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Late Preclassic (400 BC - A.D. 200) site of Noh K'uh is located in the Mensäbäk basin, 30 kilometers west of the Usumacinta River. Noh K'uh was a small ceremonial center composed of several residential groups centered around a ceremonial plaza. Noh K’uh’s location near the western edge of the Maya lowlands placed the residents near contemporary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cady Rutherford. Marisol Cortes-Rincon.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Economic integration in hinterland communities has often been under theorized in Maya studies. Here I explore the evidence of craft production in several hinterland households as well as the implications for connections with social, political, and economic institutions. Households make decisions about crafting activities and respond to risks and stressors both...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelsey Sullivan. Kenichiro Tsukamoto. Jaime Awe.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Dispersed urban landscapes are mosaics of individual interactions generated through a range of social and economic processes. Large-scale lithic production provides a lens for understanding the interconnected nature of economies between hinterland communities and central polities, yet it remains relatively underexplored in Classic period Maya society (AD...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maxwell Forton.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In January of 1943, a B-24D heavy bomber on a training run crashed near Basset Peak in the south end of the Galiuro Mountains, killing all eleven men on board. The Galiuro Mountains are located in southeastern Arizona, with much of the range being preserved within the Galiuros Wilderness Area of Coronado National Forest. Due to the remote location, much of its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mario Borrero. Luke Stroth. Chad Rankle. Geoffrey Braswell.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. This paper will present a synthetic review of the Terminal Classic collapse of the Maya site of Nim li Punit, Belize, based on new data from recent architectural excavations and artifact analysis. These lines of evidence show that around A.D. 800 the site saw the cessation of elite activities, the halting of new constructions, the disrepair of existing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Isabel Rivera-Collazo. Mariela Declet-Pérez.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The climate crisis is a social issue, and social sciences are needed to understand and address it. Archaeology has recognized that it stands in an unparalleled position to contribute to the climate conversation because 1) it has thousands of years of recorded climate change coupled with human response, 2) it can help to understand the nuances of risk in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Berikashvili.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Samshvilde in the South Caucasus (Southern Georgia), is a complex and multi-period archaeological site. The historical city occupies an impregnable location on a basalt cape flanked by the deep gorges. This distinctive landscape, combined with environmental conditions and abundant natural resources, have attracted humans for millennia. Samshvilde and its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Reid.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The Middle Horizon (A.D. 600-1000) was a time of profound social transformation in the Andes, distinguished in part by the expansion of Wari influence, peoples, and state institutions outside of their Ayacucho heartland. In this paper, I present findings of an architectural complex composed of Wari patio-groups, a D-shaped structure, and monumental platform...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Bellorado.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. For over a century archaeologists have marveled at the intricacy and complexity of the twined yucca sandals recovered from dry cave settings and trash deposits in the San Juan River drainage of the northern US Southwest. Since pioneering work by Alfred Kidder in the 1920s, scholars have recognized that twined sandals represent a pinnacle of ancestral Pueblo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arturo De Lombera-Hermida. Geoffrey Clark. Xosé Pedro Rodríguez-Álvarez. Ramón Fábregas-Valcarce.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Northwest Iberia is a Paleozoic territory almost void of flint outcrops. The arrival of Cantabrian Upper Paleolithic groups, used to flintknapping, to a new lithological region implied a reorganization of their technological basis. The analysis of four lithic assemblages, ranging from the Aurignacian to the Final Magdalenian/Azilian, allows us to understand...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Petra Creamer.

This is an abstract from the "SAA 2021: General Sessions" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. The study of mortuary material in archaeology has always related to subjects of identity, beliefs, and resources. Furthermore, it is one of our prime resources for understanding non-elite individuals in the premodern world, especially in societies where historical sources revolve around the ruling elites. This is certainly the case in the ancient Assyrian...