Society for Historical Archaeology 2018

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katharine J. Watson. Jessie Garland.

This paper explores the interplay of a post-industrial setting, heritage and archaeology following a natural disaster. The setting is Christchurch, New Zealand, and the natural disaster was the devastating earthquakes that struck the city in 2010 and 2011, leading to the demolition of thousands of buildings across the city and its surrounds, followed by extensive rebuild-related earthworks. Throughout this process, numerous archaeological sites have been found and much of the built heritage has...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John M Hyche.

From 1850 to 1860, the Blue Ridge Mountains were home to roughly 1,900 Irish laborers as they worked on the construction of the Virginia Central Railroad. Upon its completion, the railroad  stretched from Norfolk, Virginia, to the Ohio River. Along the Blue Ridge Mountains, several cuts and tunnels were constructed by the Irish immigrants including the 4,263ft Blue Ridge Tunnel. In 2011, a local non-profit organization, focused on pinpointing the remains of Irish shantytown homes, contacted the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Calvin Mires. Victor T Mastone. Laurel Seaborn. Jennifer E. Jones. Leland Crawford.

  In 2015, the first accredited maritime archaeological field school took place under a partnership between Salem State University, NPS, NAS, the PAST Foundation, SEAMAHP, and the Massachusetts Board of Underwater Resources. Examining a 19th-century schooner on the North Shore of Massachusetts, this field school launched two successive years of educational programs that spring boarded deeper research into historical, environmental, and methodological questions, for collaborating scholars. This...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Katherine G Parker.

Hell Hole Swamp, located in Berkeley County, South Carolina, was home to some of the largest moonshine distillation operations in the nation during the Prohibition Era.  Although liquor distillation sites in the state date as early as the 1750s, few of these sites have been formally documented.  These sites may have only ephemeral remains due to short and clandestine periods of use, and can be frequently overlooked as modern debris or refuse scatters.  Utilizing archaeological models established...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marijo Gauthier-Bérubé. Ricardo Borrero Londoño. Massimo Capulli. Maria Santos. Filipe Castro.

Managing multi-language research can be frustrating and limits can soon be reached when trying to figure out the right translation. Moreover, even within one language, many variations exist of the same terms in historical treatises and between various archaeologists. This maelstrom of definitions and terms burden our field to limit our discussion and understanding. By creating a glossary of seven languages with different researchers from around the world, we aim to create a tool for scholars, as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrick Severts. Joel Bohy. William Rose. Charles Haecker. Douglas Scott.

This poster presents the results of a live fire experiment with Colonial and Revolutionary War firearms. It is a beginning of investigations of late pre-modern gun use. Firearms were a central feature of combat for the past 600 years and a significant vector of political, ecological, and cultural change. Experimental archaeology has emerged as a rigorous approach to the study of material reflections of human behavior. In the live fire experiment, we observed impacts of experimentally fired balls...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Terence A Christian. Kristen L. McMasters.

As part of its mission to advance the understanding, preservation, and protection of our nation’s battlefields, the National Park Service’s American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) is investigating the use of military terrain analysis (KOCOA, MET-T, etc.) on naval or amphibious engagements in American waters. The variable landscapes associated with these battlefields necessitate further research. Maritime battlefields can yield important information on a comparatively understudied aspect...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Schwalbe.

Early submarines faced many logistical challenges, one of them being the ability to steer and navigate while submerged. The Civil War submarine H.L. Hunley was no exception to this problem. Hunley’s depth and direction while in operation were the responsibility of its captain, who sat in the forward most crew station and, according to the historical and archaeological record, determined the vessel’s course based on a compass and dead reckoning.  Recent archaeological study has begun to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda L Murphy.

As many as 300,000 abandoned historic cemeteries exist in the United States today, yet as few as 0.4% of these are protected from disturbance by listing on the National Register of Historic Places. While NAGPRA also protects Native Burial sites on public land, and federal regulations such as ARPA shield some additional archaeological resources, the remainder of ancestral dead of all ethnicities are vulnerable to exhumation during construction. The archaeological excavation of such cemeteries may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julia Steele. David Lowe. Philip Shiman. Alexis Morris.

When the Confederate transportation center of Petersburg fell after a 9.5 month siege, the combatants faced each other across lines of major earthworks in a more than 35 mile long arc.  The territory between these lines contains a fertile archeological record of  U.S. attempts to advance and C.S.A. counter-moves and their skillful yet desperate efforts to defend vital supply lines to Richmond.  We explore the physical record of the campaign from the interim lines to both armies’ picket lines and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alyssa Loorya.

First blood of the American Revolution was spilled in New York City, a place long known for its diversity and strong political opinions. Past, present, and future New Yorkers have advertised their allegiances in various forms from development and architecture to consumer choices. The advertisement of socio-political beliefs and national allegiance can be found in New York’s City Hall Park and South Street Seaport. Following the Revolution potters in both Britain and China quickly helped to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney J. Birkett.

Since 2010 the Fort Eustis Cultural Resources Management staff has been conducting a program of annual site monitoring visits in which each of the more than 200 known archaeological sites on Fort Eustis is visited at least once a year.  The monitoring program has provided a baseline knowledge of site conditions and regular opportunities to observe any disturbance.  This paper will discuss the benefits of site monitoring at Fort Eustis, including how improved knowledge of the landscape and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Rock.

Most archaeological studies of slave communities analyze structural remains and household debris to interpret lifeways of the enslaved occupants as a group, and perhaps how this group may have changed over time or how it differed from the lives of the overseer, the planter, or slaves in other communities. The assumption has been that most slaves within a community exhibit similar status and acquisition of goods. Our excavations of five dwellings within a nineteenth century field slave settlement...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diana Loren.

Identity, a central concept in contemporary historical archaeology theory, has been enlivened by recent scholarship that is mindful of bodily experience. Some scholars emphasize embodiment, others explore further sensory dimensions of historical identities embodied in human and material interactions, including emotion, memory, sensuality, and nostalgia, to explore the sensing body in the material world through sound, smell, touch, sexuality, and emotion.  The intent in focusing on sensual...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Norton. Kimberly Kasper. Jon Russ. Jamie Evans.

At Ames Plantation in Western TN, excavations on the Fanny Dickins Slave House Site (1841-1853) have yielded a plethora of information about the everyday lives of the enslaved population. However, little is known about the smoking habits of these dynamic individuals. More can be revealed through employing multiple lines of evidence to generate nuanced understandings of choices surrounding the use of specific pipes and the varieties of plants smoked, such as tobacco and jimson weed. Conducting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert L. Hoover.

A Program of multimedia geopysical survey of the entire complex of Mission San Antonio is being conducted over a multiyear period.  A great deal of information has been gleaned from non-destrucrtiuve, non-intrusive research allowing achaeologists to focus more clearly on specifiuc areas of interest and provide an inventory to help land managers to preserve as much of this-well preserved archaeological site as possible. The project highlights the benefil of the results of collaboration between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandra U Crowder.

         The "flora" portion of past diets tends to be an aspect of archaeological assemblages that becomes partially inferred, rather than completely recreated. When they exist, documentary records such as purchase lists and recipes can suggest dietary preferences. Archaeologically recovered macrobotanical assemblages display a concrete portion of consumption practices, but within the constraints of showing a small percentage of plant material that only survives in certain preservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah E. Harvey.

The South Blairsville Industry Archaeological District near Blairsville, Pennsylvania includes the remains of an early twentieth century plate glass factory and associated workers’ housing.  Between 1903 and 1935 the factory produced plate glass for numerous applications, including storefront windows and automobile windshields.  The factory and housing are linked to major themes of industrial change, the development of modern infrastructure, and the experiences of immigrant workers.  An...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meg Gaillard.

Following the 2015 flood event that affected the Carolinas from October 1-5, 2015, the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Heritage Trust Program archaeologists, along with volunteers, student and professional archaeologists worked to recover artifacts, photographs, and documents located in a facility next to Gills Creek in Columbia, SC. The entirety of the archive was inundated with flood water. Learn about the disaster recovery methods used and lessons learned from this catastrophic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James D. Spirek.

In 2014, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Office of Renewable Energy Program signed a Cooperative Agreement with the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium to explore potential Wind Energy Areas (WEA) offshore in South Carolina’s portion of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). Project objectives included conducting geophysical and archaeological survey of the seafloor 11-16 miles offshore North Myrtle Beach and Winyah Bay at future WEAs. The project deployed a suite of marine electronic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Franklin H Price.

Florida has the largest collection of prehistoric dugout canoes in the world. The state also has a large collection of historic dugouts, some of which pose interesting challenges in terms of identification. In particular, one mysterious and distinctive historic dugout canoe type is exhibited in three examples from south Florida, one from the Everglades, another from the Florida Keys, and the last reportedly found near Key Biscayne. These canoes are characterized by a robust hull, carved thwart...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Clinton M. M. McKenzie.

Report on archaeological investigations of two Spanish Colonial dams and associated irrigation canals (presas y acequias). The San Antonio de Valero begun in 1719 and the Labores de Arriba (or Upper Labor) begun in 1776. The Valero system supported irrigation for the eponymous Mission Pueblo. The Upper Labor system was for settlers in the Villa de San Fernando. Both systems have their headworks in the upper reach of the San Antonio River within the current Brackenridge Park. The Valero system...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bradford Botwick.

An archaeological and historical study of upper- and middle-class households in Mobile, Alabama provided an opportunity to examine how certain forms of material culture and the built environment served to demarcate social, racial, and economic differences in this city and how these compared with other cities.  The block under consideration and its neighborhood were generally homogenous, with residents being the families of professionals. Notably, most of the properties were rentals; land use,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlyn I Gorman. Genevieve C Cameron.

This paper examines the results of the chronological analysis of glass tops and bases from several sites along Main Street in St. Charles, Missouri.  Bottle fragments from both intact and disturbed contexts are used to help provide chronological context to these urban site locations.  Further comparison with diagnostic materials from the undisturbed levels, along with possible functional categories of the bottle fragments, will also be discussed relative to possible site functions.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jason B Wenzel.

This project investigates the ways in which tourism destinations, namely resorts and hotels, structure the leisure experiences of their guests. Through an exploration of aspects of consumer patterns within tourism contexts, I integrate documentary and archival materials with archaeological data recovered from dense trash deposits excavated from two early-twentieth century resorts in Florida:  the Fort George Club at Kingsley Plantation and the Oakland Hotel in west Orange County. The findings...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert. Max Guérout. Laurence Serra. Marc Guillaume.

Saint-Pierre, Martinique has been considered the Pompeii of the West Indies. The entire city is an archaeological site sealed by the 1902 Mount Pelée eruption. Its bay is also a shipwreck graveyard due to the disaster. Since the discovery of these shipwrecks in the 1970s, archaeological research beginning in the 1990s has demonstrated the archaeological potential of these sites. Recent research conducted on the port’s dump and the Guinguette Wreck, linked with the earlier chronology, shed light...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael K Faught.

Advancements in sound underwater remote sensing have resulted in effective ways to study the ocean bottom, reconstruct paleolandscape settings, and find pre-contact archaeological sites.  The inventory of submerged sites known to date ranges from 3 to 13 kya.  These sites are located in, and theorized to exist from nearshore to mid-shelf settings, but the potential for pre-contact sites goes all the way out to the continental shelf break, a fact confirmed by recent findings of several pre-Clovis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah P. Fleming.

210 tons of USS Monitor, including the majority of the engine room and the iconic turret, were recovered between 1998 and 2002 and are currently being conserved at The Mariners’ Museum and Park. While object treatments are ongoing, staff estimate that there are approximately 20 years of work left to finish the project. Even though the completion of conservation is two decades out, planning for the display of all the artifacts in the museum’s exhibition space is already underway. To assist in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Philip B. Mink.

ESRI Story Maps are a new strategy for combining geographic information with text, images and multimedia content in an easily shareable web interface.  The technique is especially useful for presenting historic archaeology to the public, as archaeological and archival data can be juxtaposed to present a more complete story.  In this presentation we will exhibit the story map created for the Beech Grove area of the Mill Springs Battlefield and discuss its potential as a public archaeology tool. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Blair Atcheson.

As the repository and institutional memory of the U.S. Navy, the Naval History and Heritage Command (NHHC) preserves, analyzes, and disseminates historically and culturally relevant resources and products that reflect the Navy's enduring contributions throughout our nation's history. Unique to the Navy among the Department of Defense, the Navy's history program, library, archives, collections, and museums are combined into one Command. Initially, the Underwater Archaeology Branch (UAB) began...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Furlong Minkoff.

For the past two decades, archaeologists have worked to engage members of the public in archaeological research, preservation, and interpretation. Because of the huge variety in the types of publics engaged in these projects and the approaches of the archaeologists running them, we are continually refining our methods of public archaeology implementation, execution, and evaluation. Despite this variety, we rarely hear directly from program participants. For this panel we have invited public...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Natascha Mehler.

Each summer during the 16th century, a substantial amount of German merchants and sailors came to Iceland in need of dried fish (stockfish), sulphur and other commodities. They encountered a country, landscape, foodstuffs, customs and people very different from their homes. The experience of risky voyages, being penned on ships with (dead and live) animals, added to the profound sensory impact that came upon them. The paper tries to come towards a synthaesia of what the Germans experienced in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lorin Brace.

Popular music heritage holds a meaningful place in public memory and in the construction of social identities. Sites associated with musical legacies that have significant meaning to a community are often memorialized to emphasize their connection with a particular place. This paper explores the relationship between music, heritage, and placemaking in the historic African-American neighborhood of West Baltimore, where decades of racism, economic decline, and failed urban-renewal plans have...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Hunter. Paul Hundley. Kieran Hosty. Irini A Malliaros.

In February 2017, maritime archaeologists affiliated with the Australian National Maritime Museum and Silentworld Foundation conducted a survey of Kenn Reefs. Located at the far eastern extremity of Australia’s Coral Sea Territory, this reef system was an uncharted hazard to navigation in the middle of the ‘Outer Route’, a shipping corridor used by nineteenth-century mariners wishing to avoid transiting through the Great Barrier Reef. Not surprisingly, several shipwrecks occurred at Kenn Reefs...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel M Cuellar. Filipe Castro.

Ship's bells have long held the fascination of laypeople and scholars alike. Despite this fascination, little information is known about the earleist ship's bells from the 14th through the end of the 17th century. While numerous archaeological examples do exist, these either lack provenance, are fragmented, or do not follow a standarized method for analysis, making diagnostic comparisons exceedingly difficult or impossible. Recognizing this problem, the authors have undertaken the creation of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Fernanda Kalazich.

Prostitution and prostitutes, despite their alleged ubiquity in time-space and exponential growth with industrialization, have rarely been the focus of historical inquiry, let alone of archaeology, with exceptional exceptions. With New Orleans’ red-light district Storyville as source of inspiration, this study seeks to archaeologically document prostitution in saltpeter boomtowns (salitreras) and ports of Northern Chile (1880-1930), aiming to identify and characterize the spaces of prostitution...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessi Halligan.

Many projectile points of late Paleoindian and early Archaic styles have been recovered from underwater contexts in the Aucilla Basin. A large percentage of these are unprovenienced surface finds, but these artifacts have also been found in association with soils currently submerged more than 4 meters underwater. Dates from these soils span the Younger Dryas at Page-Ladson and Sloth Hole, while other sites have proven complex to date but provide excellent environmental information....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chelsea Cohen.

Reconstructions of submerged urban landscapes hold an important role in understanding the potential past form and function of a site. As these reconstructions grow more prominent, the tools used to manipulate and evaluate these reconstructions become increasingly more important. This project endeavors to expand that tool set by using GIS-based visibility analyses as a means of evaluating reconstructions and using them to contextualize the relationship between port cities and seafarers. Working...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Nasca.

On May 25th, 1798 the British brig-sloop DeBraak was struck by a sudden squall and sank while attempting to put into harbor at Lewes, Delaware.  The unpredictable winds of the Delaware Cape may have spelled her demise, but it was the shifting political winds of war between Revolutionary France and England, coupled with the vulnerability of American shipping and a new nation’s demand for manufactured goods, that brought this warship to Delaware’s shores.  This paper examines the ceramics...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Francisco J. Rivera Amaro.

This communication presents an interdisciplinary research project that is carried out in the indigenous community of Ollagüe, in northern Chile. The temporal movement of the industrial materiality associated with the sulphur mining history of the village during the 20th century allows us to ask: could industrial ruins and their materiality engender memory spaces intertwined with the local indigenous community’s contemporary preoccupations? By considering different forms of time representations,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Miguel Gutierrez.

Archaeological recovery efforts at the site of CSS Georgia revealed brass and copper instruments known as gun sights. These gun sights facilitated the aiming of naval guns and are relatively rare in archaeological settings. After the American Civil War, material composed of cupreous metals, such as these sights, was melted and repurposed. A maker’s mark stamped on one of these instruments indicates that the manufacturer of these items was a certain Daniel Edwards whose foundry business was in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Dunnavant.

The Estate Little Princess Archaeological Field School (ELIPS) expands the practice of community-engaged archaeology to focus on sustainability and capacity building. Thus, we are concerned with not only including communities in the design, implementation, and dissemination of the research but specifically in training local youth in archaeological practice. The goal of this project has been to produce more Crucian archaeologists, develop student interest in STEM fields, and create cultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cecelia Holm. Seth Mallios.

To provide the Nate Harrison Historical Archaeology Project with a sustainable plan for community outreach, even post-excavation, this paper discusses local, related museums and their viability in a time of low attendance and budget-related struggles. It addresses the justification for a museum at the Nate Harrison site on Palomar Mountain when so many similar entities have been devalued. If a museum is created, the design must transcend archaeological finds from a single historical figure and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie Gandulla.

With the raising of the Vasa came thousands of artifacts, including various examples of treenware, or wooden tableware. From the collection it is clear: although the sailors aboard did not actually have time to eat a meal on that fateful first cruise, they were indeed equipped to do so.  There are 174 artifacts in Vasa’s treenware collection, that represent at least 27 different styles in both carved and turned woodcraft technology. This paper offers a detailed description and accounting of each...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dennis Jones. Donald Bourgeois.

After the Seven Years War in 1763, French aligned Alabama Indians found their eponymous homeland jeopardized by conflicts with Native American neighbors. Over the next few years, groups of Alabama sought refuge in what is now Louisiana. In the early 1770s, one Alabama group moved to the east bank of the Mississippi River near Bayou Manchac in what was then British West Florida. Now an insignificant waterway, Manchac was an international boundary between the British and Spanish in the 18th...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Victor.

         The saloon is a fixture of the oft-romanticized ‘Wild’ American West. Featured in stories, movies, and television, it hosted some of the region’s most colorful characters. While many romantic notions of the West fall apart under scrutiny, a grain of truth exists where the saloon is concerned: it was a key institution on the nineteenth-century American frontier. Like the frontier itself, the saloon came about as a result of new influences mixing with old patterns. In the eighteenth...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas J Eskow.

In the 19th century, white elites saw African American literacy as a dangerous tool that would allow black communities to make claims for equality. This was certainly the case in 1873, when the majority of the Black Regulars at Fort Stockton, Texas organized and signed a petition calling for the formal censure of the post surgeon, arguing that the recent death of a fellow soldier was due to the doctor’s intentional and malicious neglect. As a result of this attempt to seek justice through...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rogelio Casas Jr. Byul Hur. Erika Davila. Grace Tsai.

System of Environmental Analysis (SEA), a portable environmental sensor for liquids which can track pH, ambient temperature, humidity, and which contains a peristaltic pump for sample collection, was developed for the Ship Biscuit & Salted Beef Research Project at Texas A&M University to record changes in chemical composition and other features of cask contents. A prototype of SEA was designed to record the data from the sensors and send the data via Bluetooth communication. Environmental sensor...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Björn J Gornik.

The Vasa faunal material of a little over 3000 bones offers the opportunity to analyze the spacial distribution within the ship, showing the main provision storage in the hold and spots of presumably personal food at the upper gundeck as well as some smaller bone assemblages from the provision of special groups. All bones were, if possible, identified with taxa, skeletal element and side. The bones from the major contexts were measured after van den Driesch 1976, showing a dominant amount of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Giovanna Vitelli.

The tensions between stewardship, scholarship and access to collections often play out on a local scale, as contests for funding and resources. Cultivating support and funding for the long-term needs of a museum or repository is a fight for recognition of their value, and takes place in the corridors of power and among people who serve a bigger cause.Aligning with university strategic plans and policies has limited traction unless we do the work and demonstrate how collections are of central...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James R Pruitt.

The study of submerged aircraft, while not new, is still a relatively unexplored area of maritime archaeology. Receiving even less attention is the study of site formation processes as they apply to submerged aircraft wreck sites—what processes affected the site between the time it crashed and now? These studies are becoming increasingly important, especially for cultural resource managers who are responsible for managing submerged aircraft. This paper summarizes the results of a case study of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only S J Elgar.

-          The 18th [January], purchased Matz Erich[sson] and [Bengt] Joen[sson], 166 baskets of straw in Broschön for – 6 [Daler], 15 [Öre], and 12 [Penningar] -          …On the fourteenth on the same month, [unspecified] purchased glue - 12 [Öre] -          …On the seventh of January 1626, Master Johann took with him to Småland - 1000 [Daler] Entries such as these make up the bulk of the Stockholm Naval account books for the years 1625 and 26. Naval-yard’s administrative systems. This was a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Veit.

This paper provides a brief introduction to Jamaica's 18th and 19th century burial grounds using select examples from Port Royal, Falmouth, Spanish Town, and plantation burial grounds, especially the Orange Valley estate.  Documentary sources relating to burial and commemoration are also examined.  The paper argues that Jamaican gravemarkers clearly reflect the social stratification present in colonial Jamaica, and highlight the great wealth that sugar planting brought to the island.  Jamaican...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Kostro.

Taverns in eighteenth-century Williamsburg, Virginia ran the gamut from the refined to repugnant, from those catering to the delicate needs of politicians and colonial elites, to those offering basic room and board to road-weary travelers seeking to escape the elements.  As elsewhere, Williamsburg’s varied taverns were central places within the community where people regularly gathered to transact business, argue over politics, exchanged news of the day, plot political action, or just enjoy a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda Rasmussen. Katherine Peresolak.

With millions of acres under their care, the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) must address woodlots, resource extraction, and other energy and recreation-related tasks. Cultural resources and their management are often forgotten or ignored, yet several technologies are available that all state land management agencies and employees can and should learn to implement in order to address this void in overall land and heritage conservation. This poster will focus...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristi M Nichols.

San Pedro Springs and the San Antonio River provided an ample water supply which enticed the Spanish to establish missions, a presidio, and villas in the vicinity.  Harnessing and diverting the flow of water became one of the important challenges the Spanish faced in developing successful agricultural fields.  Construction of the first irrigation ditch began shortly after the founding of Mission San Antonio de Valero.  Throughout the Spanish Colonial period and into the very early 1900s, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark R Agostini.

This paper seeks to evaluate how successive migrations of ancestral Pueblo people from pre-hispanic villages (AD 1250 – 1400) on the Pajarito Plateau of New Mexico restructured potter communities of practice and community identities as ethnic groups joined their Tewa-speaking relatives at the earliest historic period Rio Grande settlements. Oral histories from descendant communities dating to the 19th and early 20th centuries recount how remaining members of these villages resettled to the south...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Linda Stine. Roy Stine.

Archaeologists and geographers from the interdisciplinary archaeology program, University of North Carolina Greensboro (UNCG), engage the public in local archaeological projects through multiple methods.  Early projects included use of hand-held GPS tied to site information in Belize, and a voiced, animated battle overlay on a modern map.  UNCG investigators offer visitors a chance to see how to collect remote sensed data (e.g., GPR, magnetometer, Lidar), I-Pad 3D imaging, and laboratory...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James P. Delgado. Michael L. Brennan.

In 2016, a joint NOAA/Ocean Exploration Trust mission in the E/V nautilus conducted a series of telepresence-enabled dives on the carrier Independence, a World War II veteran used as a target ship in the 1946 atomic weapons tests at Bikini Atoll.  Subsequently used as a floating laboratory and a post-nuclear attack training platform by the US Navy, Independence rests in 822 meters of water where it was scuttled in 1951.  The dives, the first to survey and document the wreck, were shared with a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa E. Fischer.

Technology opens up new opportunities for multi-layered interpretations of historical and archaeological sites. Applications, such as interactive websites maps, smartphone apps, 3D models, and virtual reality, can enable visitors to explore different narratives and see how sites changed over time in ways that are more challenging within a static museum landscape. Jamestown Rediscovery is exploring different technological approaches—both online and on-site—for engaging guests not only with the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Fred Hocker.

When the Swedish warship Vasa  sailed on its ill-fated maiden voyage in 1628, it was probably the most heavily-armed warship in the world, with a total broadside of over 300 kg. In 2013, the Vasa Museum constructed a replica of one of the guns, a 24-pounder demi-cannon. This was test fired 54 times in order to assess range, accuracy, effect and ergonomic aspects of this type of early modern ordnance as part of a larger project to investigate the tactical capability of 17th-centry warships....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jacqueline M Thiry. Kaitlyn E Horisk.

This poster presents analysis of children’s toys from two features excavated during the 2014 field season at a nineteenth- and twentieth-century Texas-Alsatian homestead in Medina County, Texas. The features that we focus on in this analysis are a slack-lime pit and a well, whose depositions are largely comprised of 20th-century artifacts. Toys considered include clay marbles, a "Frozen Charlotte" doll, and a promotional Little Orphan Annie seal.  We address the socioeconomic status of occupants...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin S. Schwartz.

Often unacknowledged in archival documents and recent historical research, enslaved women’s diverse roles in industrial contexts shaped antebellum Virginia’s infrastructure, economy, and culture. This paper on the Buffalo Forge iron plantation in Rockbridge County, Virginia, uses archaeological, documentary, and architectural research to illuminate enslaved women as active agents within the plantation’s complex built environment. Archaeological examination of yards around two extant quarters in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Masur.

Human burials have been a consistent problem for archaeologists excavating in advance of development at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at Gloucester Point. Georeferencing the location of previously identified burials served as a pilot project for a more extensive archaeological GIS. The re-examination of burial features not only reveals their approximate locations on the contemporary landscape, but also illustrates the complex history of human occupation at Gloucester Point, including...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danielle L. Kiesow.

The Grand Portage Reservation in the northeastern tip of Minnesota is home to the Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa (Ojibwe). Until recently, no research at Grand Portage has analyzed the extent to which the Office of Indian Affairs (OIA) exerted psychological and physical control over Ojibwe residents. Historic documentation, artifact assemblages, and paleobotanical data in the form of phytoliths constitute the three main lines of evidence used to interpret land use and plant use at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hadley F. Kruczek-Aaron.

Polls conducted by Reuters-Ipsos after the 2016 election revealed that 75% of American voters wanted "a strong leader to take the country back from the rich and powerful," and 68% agreed that "traditional parties and politicians don’t care about people like [them]." A brand of right-wing populism emerged to speak to these concerns, and ultimately it helped deliver Trump to power. In this paper, I explore the roots of the appeal of this political movement in one rural region that voted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert W. Wanner.

Using historical and archaeological sources focused on medicine and alcohol use at Homewood in Baltimore, Maryland, this paper tells a multi-layered story of the final years of Charles Carroll Jr.  Following the completion of his house in 1806, Carroll, son of a Maryland signatory of the Declaration of Independence, began a long descent into alcoholism; by 1814, it had fully taken hold of him. He died nearly a decade later. This is also a story about the effects of national trade restrictions...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Yoon Kyung Shim.

Chicago's Nikkei community changed significantly from 1943 through the 1950s as "resettlers" from incarceration camps, military personnel, and, later, "war brides" joined the city's formerly small Nikkei population. The resulting community incorporated Japanese Americans from a wide range of geographic and economic backgrounds, many of whom had undergone wartime incarceration. Salient aspects of Japanese American life in Chicago such as housing, employment, and burial were affected by local...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Anna R. Hartley. Robert Chartrand.

Shortly after acquiring part of Jamestown Island in the 1890s, founders of the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities conducted excavations around the Jamestown church tower and churchyard. The 1901-1902 excavation records and drawings indicated that they uncovered foundations, tile and brick floors, tombstones, and burials associated with three churches. The earliest foundation was interpreted as the 1617 church, where the first General Assembly met in 1619. The second...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Harold Mytum.

As the First World War commemorations draw to a close, the memorials at Sledmere, East Yorkshire, indicate the attitudes to the war held by one individual, Sir Mark Sykes, the 6th baronet. Widely known as an author of the Sykes-Picot agreement which carved up the Middle East between France and Britain following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, thereby creating countries such as Iraq and Syria, he managed and invested in his substantial estate and house on the Yorkshire Wolds. He remembered...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julie K. Wesp. Felipe Gaitan. Jimena Lobo Guerrero. Chelsi Slotten.

 This paper offers an overview of the exceptional collection of archaeological and bioarchaeological data recently recovered in salvage excavations carried out during the restoration of the San Ignacio Jesuit church in Bogotá, Colombia –one  of the most important monuments erected in the Spanish colonial province of New Granada. The archaeological record documented in San Ignacio encapsulates over four centuries of domestic, funerary, spiritual, and bodily practices that speak to complex...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Aoife M Daly.

Purchase records show that timber for the building of Vasa was bought in Småland (Sweden’s eastern region), Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) and Amsterdam. Extensive dendrochronological/dendroprovenance analysis is currently underway of the timber of Vasa, to determine the provenance of the trees used, to find out: How much timber was brought to Stockholm for Vasa from these different sources and where were they used in the ship? Which timbers came from Småland, and what proportion of the timber...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Ellens. Athena I Zissis.

Time Jumpers is a classroom initiative designed for middle school students within southeast Michigan inspired by an array of educational outreach programs across the country. Implemented by Wayne State University archaeology student volunteers and faculty, this portable learning program is run as part of the Unearthing Detroit Project which focuses upon collections-based research and public archaeology in Detroit, MI. Time Jumpers integrates hands-on activities, artifact interpretation, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John R. Underwood. Lizbeth J. Velasquez.

Landscapes can possess historical values coming from the full range of human history. Because the recognition and definition of archaeological resources is broad and not always well understood, identification and evaluation of such resources at the Phase I level must be made carefully, especially under the contexts of Section 106 compliance. The use of a variety of historic cartographic sources has proven extremely valuable in identifying, defining, and assessing these cultural resources. While...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua L. Marano.

While the location of the engagement between HMS Nimble and Guerrero is generally known as Carysfort Reef, the historic delineation of this particular reef is not well defined, leaving the precise location of the wrecking event a mystery. Historical evidence provides insight into a possible archaeological signature of the series of mishaps immediately following the wrecking of Guerrero that may provide clues to its exact location. While previous research has focused south of Biscayne National...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer E. Jones. Mary E. Allen. David K. Loomis.

Archaeological resources in the coastal zone are subjected to a variety of cultural, social, and environmental conditions that affect the resources’ stability, which can be defined in physical (e.g. structure, geophysical environment), socio-cultural (e.g. looting, vandalism), and regulatory (e.g. federal, state, and local mandates) terms. To effectively manage resources within this dynamic environment requires a holistic understanding of what drives stability (or instability) at each site. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn White. Carolyn White.

In 2015, we participated in an artist residency in Tokyo. Working collaboratively, we embarked on a photography-based project that explores the use of tape in Tokyo subway stations. Among other functions, the tape is used to provide direction for passengers, mark borders, and instruct construction crews. Contrasting other collaborative work, the art led the project. The culmination of this project was an exhibition in Tokyo in 2016. This paper will reflect on the Tokyo Tape Project and the roles...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bernard K. Means.

The Virtual Curation Laboratory (VCL) at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), VCU’s School of Education, and VCU’s Leadership for Empowerment and Abuse Prevention (LEAP) have partnered with the Richmond-based Virginia Historical Society (VHS) to create three-dimensional (3-D) printed replicas of objects in their collections with the goal of increasing access to community members, especially those that are visually impaired. The Virginia Department for the Blind and Vision Impaired (DBVI) is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael B Thomin. Laura Clark. Tyler Smith. Della A Scott-Ireton. Nicole Grinnan.

Since 2011, the Florida Public Archaeology Network (FPAN) has partnered with the National Park Service staff at Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS) to develop and implement a public program called Tour de Fort.  This guided bicycling tour was created by FPAN with the goal to promote the public appreciation for the many terrestrial and underwater archaeological resources located within the GUIS Fort Pickens Area. Additionally, from the beginning this program set out to enhance heritage tourism...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel Dante Saucedo Segami. Patricia Chirinos Ogata.

The first evidence of culture contact between Japan and Peru can be traced back to the 16th century. Although the Japanese immigration did not start officially until 1899 with the arrival of the ship Sakura Maru to the Peruvian coast, the earlier presence of 20 indios de Xapón (indians from Japan) was recorded in 1613. This immigration process has been often studied by historians, and the situation of their descendants has been analyzed by anthropologists and sociologists. However, there are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn O. Fay.

The Louisa McWorter home site provides a rare opportunity to explore social dynamics and community relations within the 19th century integrated town of New Philadelphia, Illinois. Louisa, an African-American woman freed from slavery as a child, married one of the sons of town founders Frank and Lucy McWorter. Widowed early in her marriage, Louisa became legal head of household and owner of multiple lots in New Philadelphia as well as several hundred acres of farmland. My historical and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Walder. Alicia Hawkins.

Identifying historically documented ethnic groups in the archaeological record benefits from pragmatic approaches to material culture studies and regional-scale analyses of interaction. Ongoing investigations of the dispersal and migration of Huron-Wendat and other Indigenous peoples of eastern North America as an outcome of colonialism in 17th century are applying archaeometric analysis methods to glass trade beads to trace population movements and exchange networks. Chemical elements calcium,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amelie Allard.

This paper examines the lived experiences of French Canadian fur traders in the late eighteenth-century western Great Lakes region. Even as they labored under – sometimes actively resisted - the Anglo-Scot masters of the trade, a life of travel away from colonial centers provided an arena for voyageurs to enact and reproduce distinct sets of fur trade practices through the transmission of knowledge on the spot, as well as create a place for themselves at the intersection of British colonial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Felipe Gaitan.

Set in the World Heritage site of Old Panama (1519–1671), the House of the Genoese Slavery Memorial project brings together the lessons of over a decade of archaeological and archival research focusing on the ruins of one of the largest centers of human trafficking to have operated in Spanish America in the late 1600s. Building upon a growing body of literature addressing phenomenological approaches in archaeology and museum studies, this paper explores how an object-based reenactment of what...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Jo Galindo.

Camp Bowie, near the headwaters of the Colorado River in Brown County, Texas, is surrounded by what the Spanish referred to as "Comanchería," or Comanche Country. The Texas Military Department completed a Traditional Cultural Properties (TCP) survey of Camp Bowie during which, representatives of the Comanche Nation visited a total of 45 sites and identified six locales as TCPs, while defining historic Comanche components for 41 sites. The Mescalero Apache visited a total of 31 sites, including...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Poulsen.

In the mid-19th century, a practical working knowledge of domestic arts, such as sewing, was necessary to navigate daily life.  However, excelling in these skills was seen as significant not only because of the functional use of the work, but also as associated with desirable personal qualities of neatness, thrift, and morality.  The Industrial School for Girls in Dorchester, MA was established not only to foster marketable trade skills, but also to improve the moral character of the young women...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael T. Lucas.

The Hudson River has been a thoroughfare for transporting goods since the early seventeenth century. The Industrial Revolution and the subsequent development of railroad lines and the Erie Canal magnified the role of the Hudson River from Albany to New York City as a major economic artery for the new republic. At the same time, the Staffordshire potteries began producing transfer-printed ceramics for the world market. Manhattan’s docks were flooded with all forms of consumer goods. These goods...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katelyn Kean.

This research will present the findings of an archaeological evaluation focusing on the manipulation of the enslaved landscape throughout Southern Maryland in the 18th and 19th centuries. By analyzing the landscape of slave quarters at Bowens Road II (18CV151) and Smith’s St. Leonard’s (18CV91) more information of Maryland’s plantation landscape can be understood and compared throughout the Middle-Atlantic region. An analysis of artifact distribution focusing on several artifact types throughout...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynne Goldstein.

In the analysis of historic cemeteries, there are many instances, especially in recent years, of biological data taking precedence over data derived from material culture. In part, this is because analysts can often assign a probability to a biological decision, and material culture decisions do not come with specific probabilities. However, regardless of the nature of the data, all lines of evidence should be considered valid and significant. In the excavation and analysis of the Alameda Stone...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shawn Joy.

During last glacial episode, a massive amount of water was locked within ice sheets, resulting in a reduction in global sea-levels by 134 meters. The reintroduction of freshwater into the oceans radically changed global sea-levels and littoral landscapes. Over the last 20,000 years, approximately 15-20 million km2 of landscape has been submerged worldwide. Sea-level rise explains the rarity of glacial period coastal archaeological sites. Understanding Florida’s Paleoindians’ interactions with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Travis M. Williams.

A state-owned museum in Park Hill, Oklahoma, the George M. Murrell Home, held their first annual Antique Agricultural Festival (AgFest) in October 2016. Much of the festivities involved living history demonstrations of mid-19th century agricultural practices, including horse-drawn plowing. In collaboration with the organizers and participants of AgFest, I oversaw an experimental archaeology research project documenting the effects of this plowing on artifact distribution and site formation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Johnson.

This paper examines the role of ceramics, as both teaching tools and toys, in identity formation at the Industrial School for Girls in Dorchester, Massachusetts. The School, which opened in Dorchester in 1859, had the goal of training girls from impoverished backgrounds to be domestic servants, and as such, the material culture at the School would have been important in reinforcing or contradicting the social roles that these girls were being taught to inhabit. Using adult and doll scale...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael P Scafuri.

On February 17, 1864, the Civil War submarine H.L. Hunley detonated its spar-mounted torpedo against the hull of USS Housatonic, sinking the blockading ship several miles off the coast of Charleston, SC. While successful, this attack also resulted in the loss of Hunley. Recent conservation work on the hull of the submarine has revealed more details about the condition of the submarine and provided new clues about the causes and relevance of some of the damage found to the submarine. This paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Louise Tizzard. Paul Baggaley. Dave Norcott.

Over recent decades, offshore developments in the UK have given archaeologists access to large areas of seafloor which would not otherwise have been subjected to archaeological investigation. Heritage assets within these areas comprise remains of vessels, aircraft and associated debris associated with ports and harbours, maritime trade routes and activity associated with war. While the larger assets are often understood, the smaller or more ephemeral assets are more difficult to identify, but...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Farnsworth.

Historical archaeologists have explored the plantation landscapes of the Caribbean for more than 50 years, and there have been archaeological excavations at historical sites on every major island.  However, there are still islands where there have not been any previous excavations at historic sites, including plantations.  Anguilla was one such island until June 2017 when archaeological survey and excavations began at the Wallblake Estate to understand the plantation landscape and the major...

DOCUMENT Citation Only A. Gwynn Henderson. M. Jay Stottman. Linda S. Levstik.

Archaeologists have long been interested in developing and providing archaeology-based educational resources to teachers for use in the classroom, but they have spent significantly less attention on evaluating resource effectiveness. Evaluation was a key component in the development of "Investigating a Shotgun House,"one ofthe newest case studies in the Project Archaeology: Investigating Shelter curriculum. This paper will discuss a pilot program conducted during the development of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Arlice Marionneaux.

The Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology developed a series of three Benchmarking Surveys to understand how students, professors, and employers perceive and prioritize "basic" underwater archaeological skills. The ACUA surveys are intended to guide students, faculty, and employers as new generations of archaeologists enter the profession. The second survey, completed in 2017, was directed to university faculty in the United States, and received fourteen responses from eight universities....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Neil N Puckett.

Walker Lake, NV, a high desert, perennial lake in the western Great Basin, has been subject to naturally changing water levels for over 15,000 years. Ranging in size from the southernmost branch of Pleistocene Lake Lahontan to a small alkali wetland, Walker Lake provided varying landscapes for people to use and live around through time. Fieldwork during summer 2017 investigated drowned river channels and beach features for depositional history, site presence, and site preservation. Submerged...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline J. Roth. Jennifer F McKinnon.

KOCOA military terrain analysis is a tool used to interpret and analyze terrestrial, and more recently, naval battlescapes; however there has been little experimentation with the application of KOCOA to aerial combat. Renewed interest in the June 1942 attack on Midway atoll (coinciding with the 75th anniversary of the attack) presented researchers with an opportunity to expand KOCOA definitions to incorporate aerial combat into terrain analysis. The resulting terrain features were used to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Polk.

We are hurtling swiftly into the digital realm, finding faster and more complex ways to record and excavate sites, analyze data, and publish results. While most of this wave of increasing digitalization seems a good thing, all is never what it seems. In this paper, I explore some pitfalls of this ever speedier and efficient mode of archaeology. Most will recognize the oft described short lifespan of digital formats and the need to migrate data to new formats. But, it is highly unlikely that this...