Society for American Archaeology 82nd Annual Meeting, Vancouver, BC (2017)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara Roth.

Changes in household organization were a major catalyst for social change in the Mimbres River Valley of southwestern New Mexico across the transition from pithouses to pueblos. This paper summarizes recent work at a large Pithouse period village, the Harris Site, and the Elk Ridge site, a large Classic period (AD 1000-1150) pueblo that is illuminating the relationship between households, community integration, and social change. Work at the Harris Site has documented the important role that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Ellyson. William Lipe. R.G. Matson.

Previous zooarchaeological studies in the Southwest indicate that over time, larger animal resources such as deer are replaced by smaller ones such as lagomorphs (cottontails and jackrabbits) and domesticated turkey in Ancestral Pueblo sites. These trends are identified on the basis of various faunal indices that measure the proportional abundance of one animal resource against another. In this study, we utilize an index that measures the proportion of domesticated turkey relative to artiodactyl...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa Kealhofer. Peter Grave. Ben Marsh.

Throughout the 1st mill BCE, the inhabitants of Gordion engaged with multiple changes in political power and agricultural strategies, within a diverse landscape with shifting climate regimes. Over most of this period, the city, its industries, and its hinterland population thrived. Using multiple lines of evidence, both material and environmental, this paper explores what we know about changes in the organization of different production spheres at Gordion in order to understand how changing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Derr. Colin Grier. Adam Price.

A high-resolution lake sediment core recovered from Shaw’s Bog on Galiano Island provides a window into the paleoecology of the island and region back to the Late Pleistocene. The extensive time depth represented offers an opportunity to evaluate ecology and climate prior to the known arrival of people in the southern Gulf Islands. It also provides a mechanism to measure impacts on the local ecology following the establishment of major, long-term village locations such as Dionisio Point and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lucia Henderson.

The site of Kaminaljuyu experienced intensive ideological and material cultural change from the Preclassic through the early Classic period. Certain artistic forms and ideological precepts, however, simultaneously demonstrate remarkable continuity. This talk focuses specifically on public messages communicated through stone sculpture as well as, to a lesser degree, messages communicated by elite and royal funerary contexts in order to access continuity and change in Kaminaljuyu’s archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Wake. Lana Martin. Tomas Mendizabal.

Recent field and laboratory archaeological findings in Bocas del Toro, Panama offer data that changes and amplifies our understanding of the prehistory of the region. Detailed paleoethnobotanical study, further zooarchaeological examination, preliminary ceramic thin-section analysis, and continuing ceramic analysis have all produced results that call in to question entrenched assumptions concerning the timing of settlement, the nature of the subsistence economy, trade, exchange and cultural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mike Carson. Hsiao-chun Hung.

Toward understanding the Paleolithic/Neolithic transition in Taiwan, a paleo-terrain approach allows reconstruction of the ancient landforms and habitats of where people lived. Those ancient contexts help for us to situate the activities of people using their landscapes in different ways at intervals of 7000, 6000, 5000, and 4000 years ago. This approach needs to account for significant change in tectonic movement of land masses, slope erosion and re-deposition patterns, fluctuating sea level,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Kuehn.

Recent archaeological investigations in the American Bottom have resulted in the identification of several hundred individual dog remains from Late Woodland (A.D. 650-900), Terminal Late Woodland (A.D. 900-1050), and Mississippian (A.D. 1050-1400) components. On-going research, including coprolite and isotopic analyses, as well as traditional osteological and pathological studies, is providing important new insight on the diet, treatment, and changing roles of domestic dogs in prehistoric Native...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andreja Malovoz.

Funerary landscapes, as places where all fractions of society meet to honour the rituals of social and identity-building importance, can be used to attain an insight into group-specific attitudes towards spatiality. These attitudes allowed for people's engagement with various elements of their environment as a means of deliberate creation of lasting ritual landscapes. However, social spatiality in funerary contexts is not static, but subject to changes in the group's perception of both their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dominik Lukas. Claudia Engel.

Since its beginnings, the Çatalhöyük project has stood out as an early adopter of latest innovations in information technology and digital recording solutions. Consequently, a considerable effort went into keeping the technology infrastructure on site up to date, incorporating new developments, and ensuring compatibility of applications. A core component of the Çatalhöyük technology infrastructure is a central database which hosts textual and numeric records of the excavation. Excavation and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Kate Schnitzer.

The Ogeechee River Valley is an archaeologically under-studied region of southeastern Georgia, but the intensive survey of a state owned wetland mitigation property changes this insufficiency. The recently completed Pierpont Tract survey, commissioned by the Georgia Department of Transportation, identified sites with intact deposits from multiple precontact occupations, spanning from the Late Archaic to the Middle Mississippian periods. Many of these resources lie in seasonally inundated areas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Immacolata Valese. Davide Domenici.

The paper summarizes the results of six field seasons since 2011 by a joint Italian/American archaeological project on the Merrell Tract 300 meters west of Monks Mound. The extensive excavations, expanding upon the area of Wittry’s 1960 salvage work on Tract 15B, revealed a complex sequence of occupations covering the entire sequence of Cahokia’s history spanning the Edelhardt through Sand Prairie phases. Throughout its history the Merrell Tract experienced important changes: first as a domestic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Xiao Ma. Yuli Shi. Herant Khanjian. Hui Fang. Dayong Cui.

This paper focuses on presenting the characterization of materials from fragmented pieces of an imperial lacquer plate in the Luozhuang Han tomb, which dates to the early Western Han dynasty. Various non-invasive and minimally invasive techniques were performed, including optical and electron microscopy, XRF, Raman spectromicroscopy, FT–IR, XRD and THM-Py–GC/MS. The lacquerware pieces consist of a five-layer structure, which includes (from the top): a red pigmented layer, two lacquer finish...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Angela Huster.

The Aztec Empire has been characterized as both an example of relatively indirect rule and as a case of relatively collective rule, positions which are least superficially opposed. In this paper, I use ceramic data (INAA, petrography, and type classification) from multiple contemporaneous households at the provincial capital of Calixtlahuaca in the Toluca Valley to evaluate these two positions. I compare data from the time periods during which the site was under local rule and when it was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christina Bisulca. Brunella Santarelli. Nancy Odegaard.

Hohokam palettes are a unique artifact found at several important sites in southern Arizona. The Arizona State Museum (Tucson, AZ) has an extensive collection of Hohokam palettes from Gila Bend dating from the Santa Cruz and Sacaton periods (A.D. 850-1150). Most of these palettes have white lead-containing minerals on the surface. This project aimed at characterizing the composition and isotope signatures of these minerals using non-invasive and minimally destructive methods, including...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Corinne Deibel. Michael Deibel. Jiqiao Shi. Johnathon Hornak. Hannah Munro.

50 jade objects from the Late Longshan period, excavated from the Shimao (25) and Xinhua (25) Neolithic sites, were characterized mineral groups using handheld X-Ray Fluorescence (hhXRF) and handheld specular reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (hhFTIR). The objects were found to belong to three types of minerals. 22 objects found in Shimao (88%) are nephrite (19 tremolites and 3 actinolites), two are calcite and one antigorite. From Xinhua, 9 objects (36 %) are nephrite...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julien Riel-Salvatore. Fabio Negrino. Marco Peresani. Martina Parise. Jamie Hodgkins.

This paper presents a description of recently studied assemblages from Middle and Upper Paleolithic levels at the site of Arma Veirana, a large cave located in the mountainous hinterland of Liguria. While one Mousterian level shows an intense occupation, all other levels indicate rather short-lived, low intensity occupations. Beyond technological and typological analyses of these assemblages undertaken to characterize them, we also report preliminary data on raw material procurement patterns...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda M. Castañeda.

Ground stone bedrock features are common at archaeological sites in the Lower Pecos Canyonlands of southwest Texas. These features are human-made depressions pecked, ground, or worn into bedrock or large boulders, and were used for a variety of processing activities by the indigenous peoples. Although archaeologists in the region have informally recognized different "types" of ground stone bedrock features (e.g., slicks, grinding facets, deep mortars), there have been no dedicated studies of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mijaely Castañón. Lissandra González. Alejandro Valdes. José Luis Punzo.

This poster shows the results of the petrographic characterization of the ceramics found in the basins of the Parota River and Lake Sirahuen, two archaeological areas surveyed as part of the Proyecto Arqueología y Paisaje del Área Centro Sur de Michoacán. Fluorescence techniques applied are an induction of ultraviolet light and petrographic analysis in thin sheets; the first technique was used as an experimental test to identify variances in a very large sample and thereby to reduce to a viable...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Noa Corcoran Tadd.

With the current boom in the archaeology of the colonial period in the central Andes, we risk losing sight of the potential for archaeological investigation of the colonial aftermath. Following important work further afield in the Southern Cone, I argue for the particular relevance archaeology could have in exploring trade liberalization, emancipation, and the new commodity booms of the 19th century. Drawing on the recent investigation of a series of Republican tambos (roadside inns) in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher A. Pool. Michael L. Loughlin. Ashley Whitten.

In 2014 we initiated the Recorrido Regional Arqueológico de Tres Zapotes (RRATZ) to implement the NSF-funded project, "Long-term Social Stability in the Tres Zapotes Region." The goal of this project was to better understand the resilience of a tropical lowland polity through a millennium of political, economic, and environmental challenges, to document the preconditions that gave rise to this Olmec and Epi-Olmec polity, and to document the transformations that occurred in the wake of its...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danielle Romero. Barbara Roth. Darrell Creel.

Anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figures were common design elements on Classic Mimbres ceramics. However, certain forms and motifs were more widely used than others. During the 2016 field season at the Elk Ridge Ruin, a bowl with a Tlaloc figure was recovered from a burned ramada area, and a sherd with a partial dragonfly was found in one of the pueblo rooms. While both of these figures were included on rock art panels, they were infrequent on ceramics. This paper examines the presence of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey Ferguson. Myles Miller. Martha Yduarte.

A sample of over 800 obsidian projectile points collected during 40 years of archaeological survey and excavation on Fort Bliss Military Reservation of south-central New Mexico and western Texas was submitted for chemical characterization and source identification using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Obsidian projectile points representing all major temporal periods were analyzed, including Paleoindian Folsom points, several forms of dart points produced during the Early, Middle, and Late Archaic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hector Hernandez. Soledad Ortiz. Jose Luis Ruvalcaba.

San Pedro Cholul was a henequen plantation and industrial facility, a hacienda estate, situated on the northeastern part of Merida city, Yucatán, México. Its principal development was during the last decades of the nineteenth century, known as Yucatan´s Gilded Age, and it was totally abandoned by the middle of the twentieth century. In 2015 we excavated a kiln facility in order to confirm its function as a lime production structure, to obtain archaeomagnetic dates, and to extract sediment...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alessandra Pecci. Luis Alberto Barba. Agustin Ortiz.

When activities are carried on, the substances used and/or produced during the activities are poured onto the on floors and absorbed by them. Specific analyses can be performed to identify the chemical residues absorbed in porous materials, like plastered and earthen floors. As these residues are strictly related to the activities carried on, and reflect their spatial distribution, they can be considered "anthropic activity markers". A methodological approach concerning the understanding of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mauricio Obregón. Luis A. Barba.

The results of analysis of chemical residues are presented in a set of 2469 samples of archaeological ceramic artifacts: 434 foreign vessels (Kabata 2010), 452 samples of various types of local vessels (Pérez 2002, 2009), 480 comales (Terreros 2013), 470 pots, pans, 334 cazuleas, 140 braseros and 159 sahumadores. The containers correspond to the Late Classic and Epiclasic lakeside site occupation of Santa Cruz Atizapán, in Mexico State. Residues of protein, carbohydrates, fatty acids, phosphates...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lee Drake.

Complex societies are generally dependent on agrarian economies whose success is contingent on water and nutrient availability. For Chaco Canyon, an Ancestral Pueblo cultural center in northwestern New Mexico with monumental construction dating from the 9th to 12 centuries A.D., the role of local agriculture has been of particular interest. Here, data =are presented from three summers of fieldwork using x-ray fluorescence to identify the geochemical composition of sediments, with a focus on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only María Laura López. María Teresa Planella.

Argentina and Chile are the most austral American countries where Chenopodium species are recovered in several archaeological contexts. In both countries from the north to central and south, various issues are addressed from these findings such as hunter-gatherers subsistence strategies and chenopod grain morphological changes. Multi-proxy methods are used based on pollen, macro and micro botanical remains analyses, and isotopic data. However scarce botanical evidence has carried an uneven depth...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lance Greene.

On the eve of the Removal during the Early Republic era, most Cherokees still practiced traditional modes of subsistence farming and participated in local economies. At the same time, a small but influential segment of the Cherokee Nation was completely entrenched in the capitalist economy, operating largescale plantations, businesses, and other ventures. These Cherokees were participants in the slave society of the southeastern United States in two ways; they owned African-American slaves, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joao Marreiros. Telmo Pereira. Rui Martins.

Lithic raw materials diversity in archaeological assemblages is used to address a multiplicity of fundamental questions concerning the evolution of human behavior. Technological systems are considered to be the result of conscious human choices, likely related to different types of rocks characteristics, performance and effectiveness. To test this model, we developed an experimental program using hand-knapped standardized blades on quartzite and chert in an upgraded version of a mechanical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James D. Keyser.

Cheval Bonnet is a small petroglyph site on Cut Bank Creek, just east of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation that shows a Crow Indian coup counting scene and three other horses, two of which can be identified as the products of Crow artists by their form and the stylized war bonnet worn by each animal. Located in a hidden canyon adjacent to a major stream crossing, the site represents a "calling card" similar to other biographic images drawn both as petroglyphs and arborglyphs during the late...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Glenn Russell. Christopher Attarian.

Between 1989 and 2000, the Chicama Valley Archaeological Project, lead by Glenn S. Russell, Banks Leonard and Christopher Attarian, conducted archaeological survey and excavations in the lower Chicama Valley. This presentation will focus on a broad summary of settlement pattern change with reference to key excavation data that informs interpretation of the survey data. A focus will be how sociopolitical complexity developed in the context of control of irrigation systems. Approximately 25% of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey Quilter. Regulo Franco J..

The Chicama is one of the largest valleys of the Peruvian coast, was part of the "heartland" of Moche culture, and a frontier between different cultural and linguistic regions at the time of Spanish arrival. This paper will review past and recent research in the valley and and their problems and potentials. Particular attention will be paid to landscape archaeology and the history of irrigation systems and land use through time, themes to be addressed in the other papers of the session.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kacy Hollenback. Abigail Fisher.

In the past, like today, dogs (Canis familiaris) were not only human companions, they were also tools, beasts of burden, alarm systems, sources of food, and ritual elements. Since first domesticated, humans have shaped dogs physically and behaviorally, and they have, in turn, shaped our societies. As such, domesticated canines can be treated as a form of technology, regardless of their own forms of agency. By technology we refer to objects (i.e., dogs and linked artifacts), related practices,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica MacLellan. Daniela Triadan.

The ancient Maya center of Ceibal is known for a florescence during the Terminal Classic period (c. AD 800-900), a time when most cities in the region were in decline. Excavations at the Karinel Group, a residential complex, have focused on the site’s Preclassic origins. However, an elite household also occupied the area during the Terminal Classic period. The residents built four house platforms around a patio, had access to high-status goods, and took part in crafting activities. Along the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Velasco. Loro Qianhui Pi. Tiffiny A. Tung.

Around AD 1300 in the Colca Valley of southern Peru, an increasing proportion of elite individuals began to mark themselves as ethnically distinct by elongating the heads of children. This permanent act had far-reaching effects on the livelihoods of modified individuals, especially females, who exhibit more diversified diets in adulthood and experienced lower rates of cranial trauma. The present study complements prior stable isotopic analysis of bone collagen by examining carbon and oxygen...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charlotte King. Sian Halcrow. Andrew Millard. Anne Marie Sohler-Snoddy. Vivien Standen.

Infant feeding practices and the weaning process have important implications for early life health and mortality patterns. In particular, the concept of weaning stress is often invoked as an explanation for increased infant or child mortality and morbidity. In this paper we evaluate the concept of weaning stress and the bioarchaeological methods used to interpret its presence. We highlight the intimate connection between stress and the weaning process in our own research in the northern Atacama...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Koutlias.

While many dissertations, theses, and publications have repeatedly touted the relatively low number of juvenile burials at Texas mortuary sites, this research project serves to reconsider their importance in the archaeological record. The Archaic Period mortuary sites of Ernest Witte and Morhiss on the Western Gulf Coastal Plains of Texas have an abundance of juvenile skeletons on which to conduct an analysis. Juvenile bones are especially susceptible to extrasomatic stress where adult bones may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tessa Branyan. Israel Hinojosa-Balino. Mariana Lujan. Megan Murphy. Gerardo Gutierrez.

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), widely known because of its aerial survey applications, is a multifaceted technology that can be used in terrestrial platforms. Here we present a new interpretation on the internal organization of Chimney Rock Great House and its landscape based on the use of terrestrial LiDAR. We will address methodological and technical approaches to the use of terrestrial LiDAR in the recording and study of this historical and archaeological monument.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth Rareshide.

The Mission Period in Alta California (AD 1769-1834) radically changed the lives of indigenous people such as the Tongva. The strict discipline of the Franciscans’ enculturation program in the missions contrasted with the relative autonomy of Tongva people on San Clemente Island. Evidence of ritual practice of the Chinigchinich religion at sites such as Lemon Tank on San Clemente Island suggests continuity in Tongva ritual practice into the Mission Period. At the same time, Spanish missionaries...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marc Marino. Lane Fargher. Richard Blanton. Verenice Heredia Espinoza. John Millhauser.

Archaeological and ethnohistoric research has demonstrated that political-economic strategies in Late Postclassic (AD 1250 – 1521) Tlaxcallan were highly collective. At the same time, recent cross-cultural research indicates that collective political structures are strongly correlated with internal revenue sources, or taxes and corvée paid by free citizens. Thus, we hypothesize that Tlaxcaltecan political architects established internal revenue strategies to fund state activities. If this were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kong Cheong. Mads Jorgensen.

Duct flutes are an important class of aerophone instrument among the ancient and modern indigenous Americans. Duct flutes can be further classified into tubular and vessel types. While they are widely distributed, vessel flutes, unlike tubular flutes, are rarely depicted in regional iconographies. This is perhaps because they are small in size and generally hidden by the player’s hands and are thus difficult to portray in murals, vases and sculptures. However, this is not the case in West Mexico...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Omar Reyes. Cesar Mendez. Manuel San Roman. Camilo Robles.

The Chonos archipelago is a series of islands and fjords in the northernmost part of western Patagonia, South America. It has been disconnected from continental landforms since glacial retreat, thus it is an ideal area for assessing the human use of maritime habitats. We analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of the archaeological record focusing on the emergence of human intense signatures in the last part of the late Holocene. The archaeological record (87 sites) includes open-air and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Severin Fowles.

In Southwest archaeology, we are accustomed to thinking about the relationship between the Southern Plains and the Pueblo region in terms of the movement of objects in a continental economy of mutualistic exchange. Hunters moved buffalo meat and hides west; horticulturalists moved corn, lithics and ceramics east. With the onset of the Spanish colonial project, the movement of objects within the Plains-Pueblo macroeconomy intensified. Guns, knives and horses were added to the flow of goods. And...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abagail Breidenstein. Geoff Emberling. Abigail Bouwman. Frank Ruehli. Abigail Bigham.

The Nubian site of el-Kurru (modern Sudan) lies along the Nile River about 140 km upstream of Old Dongola, the capital of the Medieval Christian kingdom of Makuria. In 2015-2016, a cemetery adjacent to the settlement was excavated, containing 26 skeletons. Here, I will present current bioarchaeological work on these individuals. Biological profiles were developed, including sex and age ranges, health markers evaluated, and indicators of pathology and trauma identified. Those interred span all...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Craig-Atkins. Jennifer Crangle. Dawn Hadley.

The rare survival of a charnel chapel and the commingled remains of more than 2,500 individuals it houses at Holy Trinity Church, Rothwell, England provides a unique opportunity to investigate the postmortem manipulation of human remains in the medieval period. The apparent paucity of charnel chapel sites in England has led to the dismissal of charnelling as a marginal practice with little liturgical significance, a pragmatic solution to the need for storage of disturbed bones. Yet the evidence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alan Armstrong.

Morne Patate Plantation in southern Dominica (occupied between the 1740s and 1950s) provides us with an opportunity to examine a setting that underwent major changes in social organization and economic engagements associated with the shift in colonial control of the island from the French to the British in 1763. This paper presents an overview of the chronology of the archaeological contexts at the site and changes in settlement organization. This material record provides evidence for discrete...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wendy Cegielski.

This research presents an evaluation of the use of morphometrics of ceramic vessels for organizing site chronologies and social interaction. The object of morphometric analysis is to study how changes in artifact shape covary with time and space. This particular method is tested against Bronze Age ceramics from the Valencian region in Spain along the Western Mediterranean. The characteristic stylistic homogeneity of these ceramics has proven especially resistant to chronological fine-tuning...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jack Johnson.

Extant deposits at the Bear Creek site are highly compositionally variable, including fibrous peat, fluvial sands, volcanic tephra, and diatomaceous earth, reflecting a series of significant Holocene changes to the local environment. Multiple methods were used to directly date each of these sediments, including radiocarbon dating, single-grain IRSL dating of feldspar, OSL dating of fine-grained quartz, and tephra dating. Results from independent chronometric methods were then integrated with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leon Natker.

Since the beginning of archeological research, style has been used to characterize and define numerous aspects of social interaction and complexity, including communities of practice which structure ways in which elements of material culture are transmitted. The persistent transmission of knowledge through time and space implies a long lived community of practice. Chupadero Black-on-white, produced in central and southeast New Mexico, was possibly the longest lived of all the Black-on-white...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Cruz Berrocal. Chenghwa Tsang.

Archaeological excavations in the setting of the former Spanish colony of San Salvador, founded in 1626 in current Hoping Dao, northern Taiwan, have uncovered remains of a European building that can be identified as the Convent or Church of Todos los Santos, founded while the Spanish colony was active and possibly preserved afterwards under Dutch rule. Several burials have also been excavated, which constitutes a formal cemetery associated to the church. The human remains in the cemetery of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin Wiley.

Through the combination of Social Network Analysis (SNA), Agent-Based Modeling (ABM), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), this paper will examine the relationship between physical and social networks in the Middle Neolithic of Central Europe. This Computational Social Science approach will provide insight into social aspects of the archaeological phenomenon of circular enclosures.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Trent Stockton.

Recent efforts by the Corps of Engineers New Orleans District in achieving compliance with Federal laws and regulations within the Regulatory Program are reviewed. Special emphasis is given to the role(s) of stakeholders in the Section 106 process in reviewing after-the-fact applications. The role mitigation in these scenarios is also reviewed and discussed.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Smith. Skye Augustine. Dana Lepofsky. Christina Neudorf. Keith Holmes.

Clam gardens are rock-walled, intertidal terraces constructed by the coastal First Nations of British Columbia (Canada) and Native Americans of Washington State and Alaska (USA) to enhance the shellfish productivity of beaches and rocky shorelines. This presentation highlights recent work in the Salish Sea by members and partners of the "Clam Garden Network", a community of First Nations, academics, researchers, and resource managers interested in the cultural and ecological importance of clam...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Warner.

Excavations of two brothels in the northern Idaho town of Sandpoint presented a unique opportunity to explore the nuances of economic differences in the lives of two groups of prostitutes. Over 100,000 artifacts were recovered, providing a rich accounting of a brothel that catered to local mill workers and a brothel whose clientele was more affluent. Further, such a large volume of materials resulted in the recovery of relatively esoteric materials such as douching nozzles and a variety of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lorraine Williams-Beck.

This paper revisits Classic Maya free-standing towers and portal vaults, some of which were first reported as isolated structures in the Chenes Region during the late 19th Century. Recent research highlights not only formal attributes, but also their particular architectural compound and urban contexts not mentioned by previous studies. More complete architectural compound and urban layout data suggest new temporal and functional interpretations for these unique masonry features at Tabasqueño,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Beniamino Volta. Nikolai Grube.

Settlements are both product and site of innumerable, multi-layered, and constantly changing interactions between humans and the material world. At any given moment, the quintessence of a place reflects the prevailing meanings that are associated with it. In this sense, quintessence is inextricably linked to power—over discourse, material, and space. This talk explores the role played by political power in defining the character of the Classic Maya settlement of Uxul, Campeche, Mexico. After...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Leight. Christina Halperin.

One of the striking features of contemporary Maya textiles is that their production techniques and aesthetics can be highly regionalized. These textiles manifest strong village, town, and community identities while simultaneously reproducing other identity formations (e.g., gender, ethnicity). Likewise, Classic period Maya (ca. 300-900 CE) political formations were highly regionalized with multiple, shifting centers of gravity. Nonetheless, relatively little is known about the variability of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael L. Loughlin.

During the Protoclassic (A.D. 1-300) and Early Classic (A.D. 300-600) periods, the Eastern Lower Papaloapan Basin (ELPB) experienced an important reorganization. The political influence of the large center at Tres Zapotes began to wane and a series of new centers were established across an increasingly independent, but fragmented political landscape. Eschewing the architectural cannons of the Tres Zapotes polity, these new centers are characterized by diverse configurations revealed by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chris Loendorf.

This paper summarizes archaeological data that show a substantial decrease in population occurred between the Sedentary (ca. 950-1150AD) and Classic Periods (ca. 1150-1500) along the middle Gila River in the Phoenix Basin. This decrease coincides with well documented increases along the lower Salt River. Extensive data suggest this pattern subsequently reversed in the Historic period, when people were again concentrated along the middle Gila, and the lower Salt River was extensively depopulated....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Luc Houle. Michael Rosenmeier.

Climate has been debated by historians and archaeologists as one possible contributing factor for the emergence and collapse of complex societies. Recently, connections have been proposed between an ameliorating environment, surplus resources, energy, and the rise of Chinggis Khan’s 13th-century Mongol Empire. If favorable climate and increased rangeland productivity do indeed play a critical role in the politics of pastoral nomads, then we should be able to observe this in other cases too. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michele Koons.

In this paper I will discuss the different lines of evidence pertaining to detecting El Niño and La Niña events at the site of Licapa II and surrounding Northern Chicama Valley. Flood deposits, dune encroachments episodes, malacological data, canal destruction and rebuilding events, and radiocarbon evidence are used as proxies to help understand the intensity and timing of ENSO events. I compare evidence from Licapa II to other sites inside and outside the Chicama Valley to highlight the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carole Nash. Heather Wholey.

The U.S. Middle Atlantic region, known for its rich archaeological record and diverse topographic settings, is experiencing a range of climate change impacts: sea level rise and coastal erosion; increased precipitation and flooding in some areas; and mountain-based forest fires associated with drought in other areas. Documented paleostratigraphic and palynological studies throughout the region provide a record of late Pleistocene/Holocene environmental response to changing climate, confirming...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margo Schwadron.

South Florida contains millions of acres of wetlands, subtropical estuaries and prehistoric waterways interconnecting thousands of tree islands and shell work islands, comprising one of the largest and most complex prehistoric maritime landscapes worldwide. Recursive human and natural dynamics shaped these landscapes over deep time, but will soon be lost by rising sea level. Integrated archaeological and paleo-ecological studies are critical to understanding the long term impacts of humans on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Downs. Sandra Pentney. Marla Mealey. Nicole Turner. Natalie Brodie.

Climate change poses threats to both inland and coastal archaeological resources alike. Sites along the coast of San Diego County are under various threats such as inundation and erosion due to sea level rise. For over two years, the Society for California Archaeology (SCA) and the San Diego County Archaeological Society (SDCAS) have been directing the Climate Change Project to assess the effects of climate change on San Diego County resources. This study utilizes GIS analysis to examine coastal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Coltman. Jesper Nielsen.

According to Henry B. Nicholson, the rain deity Tlaloc enjoyed the most active and widespread cult in ancient Mexico. This assertion is surely correct, and is further evidenced from later ethnohistoric and ethnographic sources. Closely related to Tlaloc - and his earlier manifestations - were the Tepictoton, little directional mountain deities venerated during the veintenas of Tepeilhuitl and Atemoztli. In this paper we review Nicholson's original observations seen in the light of new...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ruth Tringham.

When I tell people I'm an archaeologist, their eyes light up with a wistful look and they say "I've always wanted to be an archaeologist". I could describe one reality, that it is not as glamorous as they think, work is slow and repetitive, and that leaves them disappointed. But usually I describe another reality: what I love about what I do - and they are delighted. However, I have never articulated it in a professional presentation or publication: I excavate layers of dead people’s residential...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Aron Adams. Lori Reed. Linda Scott Cummings.

Excavation of a recent test unit at Aztec West revealed stratigraphic deposits yielding corn samples that were well distributed throughout. The primary research objective was to use Accelerator Mass Spectometry (AMS) Radiocarbon dating to date charred corn from the test unit and compare the results with date ranges for pottery from the same levels. A tree-ring date of AD 1130 was also obtained from charred wood in a pit feature below the levels yielding corn, suggesting that the deposits, corn,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ismael Sánchez-Morales.

Clovis populations are thought to have been wide ranging, highly mobile foragers, as reflected in stone tool raw material procurement patterns and technological features of associated lithic assemblages. Intense utilization of high quality non-local cryptocrystalline raw materials, heavy stone tool refurbishing and repair strategies, and a lithic industry based on bifacial reduction are main features of the Clovis lithic technological organization suggestive of high mobility. In north-central...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Williams.

Many studies have made statements about the origin and method of the spread of the Clovis style hafted biface technology, but little research of late has evaluated Clovis from a Lithic Technological Organization perspective. This study examines a sample of 695 Clovis style hafted bifaces from across North America. I analyze trends in raw material use, flute length, re-use and resharpening in Clovis style hafted bifaces from across the country. I conclude that there is much variation in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danielle Soza.

Recent research done by the University of Arizona at Rock Art Ranch, located on the southern Colorado Plateau near Winslow, Arizona, yielded a wealth of information on preceramic land use in an area where prior research had not been conducted. Survey of a six square mile area recovered more than 140 projectile points ranging from Clovis to San Pedro, 50 bifaces, and 88 sites. Multiple canyons crosscutting the ranch carry water that results in a diverse range of flora and attracted animals to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gary Haynes. Janis Klimowicz.

Published opinion pieces about Clovis prey choices are unintentionally misleading. Over 120 individual animals from 8 extinct megafaunal species (or 12, depending upon taxonomy) were killed by Clovis people in a relatively short time span, according to conservative estimates -- and the number is even higher in some lists. The 11 Clovis sites said to have acceptable evidence for human predation on mammoths actually contain 50-53 separate individuals, some being discrete kills that should be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nam Kim.

In the archaeological study of ancient large-scale settlements, there is considerable debate regarding definitional criteria for categories of "city" and "urban". New field studies from different world areas have enriched our understanding of the variability of past settlement configurations along dimensions of utility, meaning, space, scale, and demography. In northern Vietnam, the remains of monumental constructions of the prehistoric settlement of Co Loa still stand today. Dating to the first...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ieva Paberzyte.

Interest in the past brings archaeologists and Indigenous people together. Archaeologists reveal the past through material remains, while Indigenous people remember the past and keep it alive through stories. Often the past for archaeologists is an object of scientific curiosity, while for Indigenous people storytelling is an essential part of their identity. Stories provide wisdom and strength to deal with challenges in the present and the future. Joint efforts of archaeologists and Indigenous...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jane Downes. Ingrid Mainland.

The problem facing archaeological heritage through loss and damage caused by rising sea levels and increased storminess requires responses that are multi-facetted and creative. Sufficient resources to deal with exposed archaeological sites and deposits through established ‘preservation by record’ methodologies are not available anywhere. In the Scottish archipelago of Orkney the combination of sand and low lying shores and extremely rich archaeological heritage make the problems of coastal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colton Vogelaar. Quentin Mackie.

In the Northwest Coast, paleoenvironmental context is essential in the search for late Pleistocene–early Holocene coastal archaeological sites. The dynamic and complex relative sea level history is a key determinant in site discovery. In this presentation I describe how we are using predictive modelling to help overcome the challenges of this dynamic history. This research introduces novel coast-focussed variables and methodology to find early period coastal archaeological sites on Quadra...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Mackie. Nicole Smith. Colton Vogelaar. Quentin Mackie. Joanne McSporran.

In this presentation we explore how early Holocene shoreline settlement patterns in Haida Gwaii can be used to inform the search for late Pleistocene sites on Quadra Island in the northern Salish Sea. The 11K to 14.5K cal BP shorelines on Quadra Island are located at elevations up to 180 m above modern. Low visibility necessitates focused investigations on these raised landforms in order to find early sites. We are applying our knowledge of the distribution of archaeological sites in Gwaii...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Brown.

Recent investigations suggest that the history of the northern Ecuadorian mound group at Cochasquí was complex and that the perception of the site as a single, mostly unchanging monumental center is simplistic at best. Begun by AD1000, the earliest constructions within the complex were modest rounded mounds, several containing burials. By AD1250, much larger, ramped square mounds signaled a major shift in site function possibly associated with the eruption of Quilotoa volcano, 125 km to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Britt.

Collaboration versus Consultation—while both terms involve working with stakeholders, consultation implies a formulaic, reactionary response or product and can produce negative connotations while collaboration suggests a voluntary, shared method and a mutual goal, invoking more positive connotations. Within archaeology, collaboration is not a new practice. Yet within this post-colonial approach to conducting archaeology there is little discussion around what this looks like within the public...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie Huddlestan. Amanda Marshall.

First Nation’s heritage concerns are at the forefront of many large-scale and controversial development projects across the province of British Columbia. How developers and Cultural Resource Management (CRM) Archaeologists choose to address these concerns can significantly impact working and political relationships. CRM archaeologists are on the front lines balancing and navigating complex, and sensitive socio-political heritage issues. Our small CRM company, Kleanza Consulting Ltd. (Kleanza),...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Audrey Horning.

Collaboration in contemporary archaeological parlance principally refers to active engagement with one or more selected groups of stakeholders and co-producers of knowledge. But knowledge is always produced for a purpose, and collaboration, or to be a ‘collaborator’ in conflict settings implies an allegiance, often deceitful, to one cause or another. When embedding archaeology in conflict transformation activities, being seen as a ‘collaborator’, or partisan, can actively work against the aims...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Bello.

This is an abstract from the "Collaborative and Community Archaeology" session, at the 89th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Community archaeology from a European perspective—comparative analysis.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin Nolan. Charles Bello.

This is an abstract from the "Collaborative and Community Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Collaborative and Community Engaged Scholarship (CES) continues to be an important topic in our profession, encompassing a growing diversity of activities. This session displays a commitment to the concept of conducting research and historic preservation in effective partnership with a wide spectrum of stakeholders as a matter of fairness, ethics,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Bello.

The concept of conducting research & historic preservation endeavors in effective partnerships with indigenous and local communities just makes sense and is only fair. Clearly, archaeology – heritage management impacts indigenous, local, and descendant communities. It is also clear that these groups often have relatively little input to what others are trying to accomplish. This paper addresses a few key concepts and recurring purposes and goals: The tangible and intangible aspects of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katharine Ellenberger.

Collaborative or community-based archaeology can involve a range of activities from modifying dissemination practices to shifting to writing research designs with a coalition including non-archaeologists. These approaches were built as responses to specific concerns by crafting research methods to the modern context of archaeology. Out of these myriad approaches has developed a social network of scholars whose professional interactions are consequential for understanding contemporary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Dillian.

This is an abstract from the "Collaborative and Community Archaeology" session, at the 88th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Collaborative archaeology is part of a movement that draws on the skills, knowledge, and requests of all stakeholders. Archaeologists are finally recognizing that this represents responsible practice, with benefits for all, and more and more are allocating time, money, and resources toward collaborative projects. Yet, the importance of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan ONeil. Charlotte Eng. John Hirx. Diana Magaloni. Yosi Pozeilov.

This paper features the Maya Vase Research Project, a collaboration of LACMA’s Conservation Center and the Art and the Ancient Americas Program, which is studying Classic-period Maya ceramics in the LACMA collection. The project’s first phase was to perform digital technical imaging, comprised of photography in different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, starting in the visible and expanding from X-rays to the Infrared, including ultraviolet visible induced fluorescence. Digital rollout...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brice Obermeyer. Susan Bachor.

This is an abstract from the "Collaborative and Community Archaeology" session, at the 86th annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. In 2019, the Delaware Tribal Historic Preservation Office (DTHPO) partnered with East Stroudsburg University (ESU) to conduct noninvasive surveys of seven significant cultural and religious sites in Oklahoma. With support from the National Park Service (NPS), the DTHPO-led survey utilized ESU equipment and training to conduct the survey with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Ahlrichs.

The Old Copper Complex is represented by tens of thousands of copper artifacts recovered from locations widely scattered across the landscapes of the Western Great Lakes. Many of these artifacts continue to be collected and curated by avocational archaeology enthusiasts with characteristically poor contextual information. Traditional scholarly study of this complex has been restricted to the consideration of copper as a symbolically potent object and the construction of artifact typologies. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Wingfield.

In the mid 20th century crates full of Costa Rican antiquities made their way into the United States through the diplomatic immunity of Enrique Vargas Alfaro. Paul Clifford, then a business man in Miami and later donor and curator at the Duke University Museum of Art, purchased works from Vargas in addition to procuring his own pieces from Peru. Clifford's friend Bill Thibadeau of Atlanta and a few of his neighbors enjoyed "block parties" to open the latest Vargas crate and then to divvy up the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Morgan Bender. Amira F. Ainis. Victoria Scotti. René L. Vellanoweth.

We present the preliminary results of crustacean (crab) and echinoderm (sea urchin) remains from CA-SNI-40, a large Middle Holocene (~4440 – 3650 cal BP) dune site located on the West End of San Nicolas Island, California. Our study provides detailed identifications and quantitative analysis of crab and sea urchin remains that will contribute to previous faunal studies at this site, which identified over 88 shellfish taxa including dietary and non-dietary species. Preliminary results indicate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Manuel Fernandez-Gotz.

Public assemblies were a common phenomenon in Iron Age and Early Medieval Europe. In these large collective meetings, important decisions concerning war, peace, the choice of military leaders, legislation and the administration of justice were taken. Together with their political role, they also fulfilled other simultaneous functions, including religious festivals and the holding of fairs. Once believed to be archaeologically invisible, recent research has identified the remains of a large...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Blanton.

I report on a comparative study of degrees of collective action in 30 premodern states and 30 contemporary nation-states. Contrary to the notion of democratic reform in state-building, I found roughly similar proportions of more and less collective (autocratic) states in the two samples. I propose a hypothesis for the failure of democratic reform drawn from collective action theory.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erika Robrahn Gonzalez.

The current days are becoming more and more demanding for researches on social sciences, considering the great changes happening globally on the last decades, changes that seem to be happening always on a faster pace than before. Many international institutions, including UNESCO, have been promoting discussions intended to bring new ideas on the role of Humanities on the current society, this from the standpoint of a global perspective. This challenge is also about the integration of knowledge,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Perry Gnivecki. Mary Jane Berman.

There are numerous examples of material and bodily flows (e.g., human transfer, enslavement) between the Lucayans and the Spanish during the period of late fifteenth and early sixteenth century colonial encounters. A variety of indigenous and Spanish items circulated, as relationships were established. These are known from ethnohistoric accounts and archaeological evidence from several different islands and sites located in the Bahama archipelago, including San Salvador, Andros, Long Island,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Menno Hoogland. Corinne Hofman.

During the colonisation processes, vast webs of social relationships emerged between Amerindians, Europeans, and Africans in the Lesser Antilles. The intercultural dynamics that materialized during this period were likely contingent on local and regional networks of peoples, goods and ideas which had developed in the Caribbean over the previous 5,000 years. This paper focusses on the impacts of colonial encounters on indigenous Carib societies by studying transformations in settlement pattern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Kaeding.

The frontier location of the Spanish colonial province of Beneficios Altos, Yucatan provides a unique case study for investigation into the lives and strategies of colonial Maya individuals and communities. Given their proximity to a notoriously porous southern border and the documented record of significant numbers of people who escaped colonial authority by crossing that border, those communities and individuals living within the boundaries of Beneficios Altos can largely be considered to have...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kaitlin Brown.

This paper investigates the processes of colonialism and identity politics in the Santa Barbara Channel region through the lens of consumption. The establishment of colonial institutions became entangled with pre-existing indigenous industries, thus creating change and continuity in a variety of practices. Here, I focus on soapstone vessels as they were utilized for cooking and storing foods before, during, and after the mission period. A drastic shift in the morphological characteristics of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marianne Sallum. Plácido Cali.

During the last few decades, many studies deconstructed the traditional colonial narratives about the Americas. They rethought the history with a less eurocentric point of view, emphasizing the dynamic cultural values established among European, Indigenous peoples and Africans, contributing together to combine new and old social practices in colonial situations. This work aims an alternative narrative about Brazilian indigenous peoples, which uses a Tupi settlement located in Peruíbe on the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Fernando J. Astudillo. Peter W. Stahl. Florencio Delgado. Ross W. Jamieson.

Colonization of the Galápagos Islands started soon after Ecuadorian separation from the Gran Colombia in 1830. During this decade the Islands were legally claimed by the Republic of Ecuador and colonization projects started. Exploiting concessions were approved to national and international companies. One of these concessions was assigned to Ecuadorian businessmen Manuel J. Cobos and José Monroy to create an agricultural colony on San Cristóbal Island; 1000 km west from the Ecuadorian coast in...