Society for Historical Archaeology 2014

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kira Kaufmann. Chris Hartzell. Roy Forsyth.

In 2013, newer applications of remote sensing technology were employed to better define the archaeological site of the Muskegon Shipwreck, Indiana’s only historic shipwreck listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Sector scan sonar survey data was compiled in both two and three-dimensional formats providing a new perspective of the site for further archaeological Identification and analysis. The combined results of this survey expanded our understanding of the site contexts and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Komi N’kégbé Fogâ Tublu.

Les fouilles archéologiques sont assez récentes au Togo et ont permis de mettre à jour une abondante quantité de vestiges dignes d’intérêt historique et de se rendre à l’évidence que l’une des richesses culturelles du Togo est sans doute son patrimoine archéologique qui témoigne de l’occupation ancienne de ce territoire. Les vestiges et artéfacts retrouvés permettent de mieux comprendre le passé et d’enrichir l’histoire nationale de données concernant le mode de vie ou les événements marquants...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Todd Clements.

During the numerous archaeological excavations at Fortress Louisbourg National Historic Site, a small collection of an unusual ceramic was unearthed. Over the years this ceramic has been identified as several different types of ceramic. It is now believed to be a Chinese export designed for the 18th Century European market. Through careful analysis of its texture, design and colour, I will attempt to prove that this sample is a Chinese Export Refined Earthenware, and was of a functional...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Stroud Clarke.

When European colonists began to expand beyond their initial fortifications at Charles Town landing, a community of early plantations was established along the Ashley River. The land that would later become Drayton Hall plantation was inhabited as early as 1680 and the archaeological remains relating to this occupation represent some of the earliest European domestic material culture in the area. During the last quarter of the seventeenth century and the first quarter of the eighteenth, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly Kasper. Kevin McBride.

This investigation focuses on the historical dynamics of Native American environmental interactions during one of the most tumultuous times within Native American history. Select 17th century Native American sites from the interior and coastal areas of New England will be analyzed and compared to gain a more nuanced understanding of the cultural landscape. Through an analysis of the food and medicinal resources specifically tied to plants, we draw attention to the continuities and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Yves Pintal.

Over the past decades, archaeological works done on the North Shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence proved that the bountiful nature of this body of water grealty benefit to the local Natives. They settled early in spring along the shore and, among other things, captured an impressive amount of seals which allowed them to live for several weeks or even a few months at the same place. Because of that, some of these groups were among the first in the Northeast to witness the arrival of the Europeans....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel Howe.

Nautical archaeology is a field with numerous inherent dangers. Safety training for professionals focuses heavily on the hazards of diving--nitrogen narcosis, pulmonary gas embolisms, and the bends’--but the dangers posed by the ships themselves, sunk or afloat, receive comparatively little attention. To work safely, nautical archaeologists and maritime museum professionals need to be familiar with common hazards found aboard ships and how to mitigate these threats. Fire, sudden flooding,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Masur.

Repatriation, the legal process of returning American Indian human remains and cultural objects to present-day tribes, is a dynamic and emotionally-charged subject. Nearly twenty-five years after the passage of NMAIA and NAGPRA, unresolved conflicts include the relationship between federal acknowledgement and repatriation as well as the disposition of culturally unidentifiable human remains. These are critical issues in Virginia, where active, state-recognized Indian tribes have had some success...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amelia Fay.

Inuit-European contact in Labrador spans many centuries and a vast expanse of rugged coastline. With such broad temporal and geographic parameters, the complexity of this contact is best understood within the framework of long term history. As a European presence gradually increased along the coast, the Inuit responded by establishing a long-distance trade network where European goods were filtered north in exchange for marine mammal products, furs, and feathers. By the 18th century certain...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanna Bruck.

This paper will explore how the craftwork created by internees in the aftermath of the Easter Rising through to the end of the Civil War was used to mediate shifting social and political identities as Ireland moved from colonial subject to semi-independent state. The creation of objects such as metal brooches and rings, bone harps and crosses, and macramé handbags and teacosies was not only an expression of intellectual freedom and personal capacity, but was intimately bound up with the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen Fellows.

Fleeing a tremendous rise in racial tensions, a small group of free blacks fled the US for the island nation of Haiti in 1824 and settled in Samaná. Subsequent to the settlers’ arrival, this area experienced a great deal of political turmoil and is now part of the Dominican Republic. Within the span of less than 150 years, the American community witnessed the transition from Haitian to Dominican control, annexation by Spain, the War of Restoration, commissioned investigations supporting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Rees.

The Acadian exiles who arrived in Louisiana in 1765 were afflicted with epidemic disease. The founders of Nouvelle Acadie were buried at their homesteads along the Teche Ridge in the vicinity of present-day Loreauville. Yet these places and graves remain unmarked in collective memory, historical consciousness, and landscape. Creation of a Cajun homeland called Acadiana did not proceed directly from diaspora and colonization, but was a protracted result of economic processes, the politics of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jackie Rodgers.

Reanalyzing existing collections can be challenging, especially the task of reestablishing contexts from old excavations. The process, which may include archival research, informant interviews, material conservation, and artifact reclassification, can be rewarding when the results reveal unexpected materials and patterns. Professional terrestrial archaeology in Pensacola, Florida has tended to focus on the city’s rich colonial past, while the city’s more recent American period remains largely...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lu Ann De Cunzo. Jonas Nordin.

In 1987, symposium participants invoked world systems theory in defining ‘Questions that Count.’ They encouraged us to examine the development of European imperialist hegemony, New World colonialism, capitalism, slavery and disenfranchisement, and environmental degradation, all familiar topics in Atlantic World scholarship today. Cross-cultural, comparative approaches were advocated. Having established this global agenda, most participants turned to methods of implementing it. In practice, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Braden Gregory. Eduard Reinhardt. John Gifford.

Little Salt Spring (LSS) is a ~70m deep sinkhole located in south-west Florida. Paleo-Indian and Archaic Indian artifacts suggest two periods of occupation: from 12,000 ‘ 9,000 and from 7,000 ‘ 5,000. In order to provide climatic context for the archaeological finds at LSS sediment cores (n = 5) were taken in 1990 using a submersible vibro-corer. Previous examination of these cores for pollen and microfossil data were used to infer drier Early Holocene climate followed by a shift to more modern,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timothy James Scarlett.

Michigan Technological University has established a cluster of interdisciplinary degree programs in Industrial Archaeology (MS) and Industrial Heritage and Archaeology (PhD), pioneering new areas among our partner and allied institutions around the world. Concurrent with a generational turnover of faculty, the university has introduced new degrees programs, including a new collaborative MS in Industrial Archaeology developed in partnership with the AmeriCorps Volunteer in Service To America...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Fabio Esteban Amador.

This paper focuses on the active use of a diversity of visualization tools that are currently being created and used by underwater explorers and archaeologists in Cenotes or karstic sinkholes in the Yucatan Peninsula. These new tools range from simple and economic ROVs to cameras capable of creating spherical gigapixel images and video. Our goal is to share these experiences with others in the community so that future methods and technologies for capturing data can be the result of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith Linn.

Much has been written in the past few decades about how mid-19th-century Irish immigrants, the first large wave of immigrants Americans perceived to be foreign, forged hybridized Irish American identities. What had not been fully addressed thus far is how these predominately rural newcomers adjusted to urban life in the cities in which many settled. This paper begins to address this issue in New York City, a distinctly cosmopolitan central place of Irish in America. The material remains from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christina Hodge.

Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts homogenized its colonial students in many ways, but opportunities for self-determination were endemic to the institution’’s system of control. Scholars ate at ‘commons,’ where attendance was mandatory. In the midst of this strongly communal material experience, however, young men were required to provide their own drinking cups and spoons. Some students scratched initials into their redware cups and bowls, distinguishing their possessions and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Felipe Gaitan-Ammann. Marguerite DeLoney.

The archaeology of slavery is, undoubtedly, one of the strongest and most dynamic pillars of North American historical archaeology. African-American archaeology, in particular, has played a central part in the understanding and memorializing the multiple dimensions of the racially-based oppression upon which European colonial projects were constructed in the New World. While the contribution of enslaved Africans and free Blacks to the formation of Latin American societies has been amply...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Peter Davies.

The Hyde Park Barracks Asylum for Infirm and Destitute Women was established in Sydney in 1862, and operated under the management of Matron Lucy Hicks until 1886. Over the years the inmates swept, discarded and stashed large amounts of debris into sub-floor cavities. This material was recovered during renovations to the building in the early 1980s, and includes large quantities of textiles, printed papers, sewing equipment, religious items and many other objects. Recent archaeological analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bruno Fajal.

La Normandie est une des régions françaises où ont été mis au point les premiers grès, dès la fin du Moyen Âge. Pour les produire, les potiers ont utilisé d’abord de petits fours oblongs, dont les restes ont été observés sur les lieux mêmes de l’extraction de l’argile grésante. Par la suite, accompagnant l’essor et l’engouement pour ces productions de grès, les ateliers se sont multipliés, parfois même au sein de « villages potiers » et les fours sont devenus plus volumineux. D’un centre potier...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-François Moreau.

Trigger suggested that a web of trade routes in the first half of the 17th century followed the St. Lawrence but also extended northward. New archaeological data since Trigger’s original work show that as soon as the French were present along the St. Lawrence at the beginning of the 17th century, east-west trade of European goods inland to the lower Great Lakes became regular as the fur trade was established. However, Trigger described a different pattern for the 16th century, that is a network...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Vincent Lambert. Jean-Yves Pintal. Stéphane Noël.

In the early 1980’s, some excavations revealed the remains of the < Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Lorette >build in 1674 in L’Ancienne-Lorette, near Quebec city, by Father Chaumonot. This chapel was at the center of a late 17th century mission mainly occupied by Huron/Wendat. One as to remember that this chapel was built on the model of the Loretto church in Italy, a church that has been partly built with materials taken from the home of the Holy Family in Jerusalem. So, Notre-Dame-de-Lorette was a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maggie Yancey.

From the questions we ask to the sources we consider, historians must constantly navigate myriad possibilities. Whose narrative do we privilege? Where do the centers of power lie? What were the options, the possible constructions of reality circumscribed within a woman’’s ‘sphere?’ Was there a sphere? Who traversed the boundaries, and why? Feminist questions change more than research design’; they inform answers. They challenge standard narratives, they contest the boundaries and force us to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melanie Johnson Gervais.

Material culture from the French colonial period forms a distinctive ensemble but it is far from homogeneous in time and space. This paper will explore differences between ‘early’ and ‘late’ French ceramics, as seen particularly on one site that has a clear stratigraphic separation about 1688. At Pointe-à-Callière in Old Montréal, the same site was occupied by two successive governor’s residences, those of Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve and Louis-Hector de Callières. While the ceramics from both...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mélanie Rousseau.

Intendant and Governor were two of the most important characters in New France. It is thus little surprising that the Intendant would want a building that suits his rank. However, more surprising is the location of that building. Indeed, the lack of space in the upper town can partially explain the construction of the palace down the slope in what was to become the lower town. Nevertheless, it has been documented that even at the time the French arrived in Quebec City, the site was a damp...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Rymer.

A clay pipe bearing the mark of its maker can serve as a useful tool for identifying the market connections of an individual household. Applied on a broader level, it can serve as a reflection of how larger political events affect the exchange network of a geographic area. For nearly two-hundred years trade in tobacco was the beating heart of a trans-Atlantic exchange network that bound the fortunes of ports on the western coast of England and Scotland with those in the colonial Chesapeake. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Pippin.

During the American Revolutionary War, the British outpost on Carleton Island was an integral connection between the cities of Montréal and Québec, and frontier military posts in the Great Lakes. The British military in Canada struggled throughout the war to maintain supply lines over great distances, and provide adequate provisions to these garrisons. Situated at the head of the St. Lawrence River, the diverse activity on Carleton Island included a military fortification, naval base, shipyard,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Debbie Miller. Sarah Chesney.

Early American landscape design is often interpreted as the physical manifestation of the tension between British design principles and their adaptation in American settings. The final design and implementation of such landscapes in America often reveals a vernacular style that blends the ornamental with the functional, while also reflecting elements of transatlantic Enlightenment thought.As the center of cosmopolitan and Enlightenment thinking in colonial America, Philadelphia is an ideal model...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Keim.

From the point of view of a resident of a historic urban landscape, the most dynamic and most important aspects of daily life would not have been the architecture, but the daily, repeated social interactions vital to the creation of meaningful, memorable places. This study uses archaeological and documentary evidence to build a contextualized understanding of the urban landscape that accounts for the various people, movements, and practices that defined daily social life. Specifically, this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen Hutchins.

The years following emancipation in Massachusetts were pivotal for establishing how African Americans would participate in American society. African Americans in more rural areas faced a different set of personal and community struggles as they established their new identities as free Americans than did their peers in urban centers. This paper uses the historical documentation and archaeological remains of a small community in Plymouth, Massachusetts called Parting Ways to explore how the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Proebsting. Jack Gary.

Exploring the ornamental and plantation landscapes of Poplar Forest has revealed new perspectives on Thomas Jefferson’’s designs for his retreat home. These perspectives allow us to confront the impact that Jefferson’’s decisions had on the lives of the slaves who provided the labor needed to bring his agricultural and ornamental visions to reality. The works of these individuals, revealed in archaeological and written records, included episodes of extensive clearing and earthmoving along with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Valerie M.J. Hall.

Maryland’s indigenous population, especially Indian women, transformed Early British American society during the 17th century. Maryland Indian women provided sustenance and crafts and served as cultural brokers, providing colonists with food and native-made goods, including aboriginal ceramics. Typing historic-period Native American ceramics in the Chesapeake region is challenging due to overlapping (and sometimes conflicting) typological attributes. Additionally, classifying wares by type...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Feit. Drew Sitters. William Godby.

Between 1962 and 1979, the U.S. Department of Defense tested long range Athena and Pershing Missiles from a test site in Green River, Utah. Part of the White Sands Missile Range, the facility consisted of the launch sites themselves, as well as control centers, weather stations, camps and other infrastructure to support the operations. In 2013, Archaeologists documenting the missile testing facilities came across an impressive earthen and wood blockhouse at the Pershing missile launch site. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Strezewski.

Fort Ouiatenon was a French fur-trading outpost constructed in 1717 on the Wabash River. Wea, Kickapoo, and Mascouten villages were located in the surrounding floodplain. The area remained a focal point of Native American habitation and fur trade through 1791. In past years, extensive excavations have been conducted within the fort proper, resulting in a fair amount of knowledge of the non-indigenous inhabitants of the area. Little attention, however, has been paid to the Native American...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Theodor Maghrak.

Navigation can prove a challenging task regardless of one’s familiarity with any specific environment, especially dense urban environments. As New Amsterdam grew and became New York in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the city increasingly became a jumble of streets, lanes, parks, markets, and buildings. How did residents of eighteenth-century New York materially and conceptually navigate the city? An examination of historical newspaper advertisements provides an answer to this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emmanuel Moizan.

In the centre of Fort-de-France, a 2012 archaeological dig conducted by INRAP revealed several large-scale construction phases that took place between the end of the 17th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The primitive late 17th century facilities suggest they serviced the urban island. Urbanization occurred during the 18th century with the construction of a first series of buildings which were likely for the Intendant. In the middle of the century, a new building, referred to as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leonardo Abelli. Pier Giorgio Spanu. Sebastiano Tusa. Massimiliano Secci.

In 1997 the Soprintendenza per i Beni Culturali ed Ambientali di Trapani, with the assistance of Università degli Studi di Bologna archaeologically surveyed the Island of Pantelleria (Sicily), in order to understand Punic and Roman settlements distribution. Part of the island was colonized only since the 3rd century BC, when Pantelleria became strategic for controlling the Sicilian channel. In 2011 and 2013, systematic surveys and excavations were produced in Cala Tramontana and Cala Levante by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven Smith.

In 1781 Loyalist officer Colonel Robert Gray described the South Carolina landscape as a ‘piece of patchwork.’ By that time in the war, Whigs and Loyalists were living within separate, discrete, politically defined and physically bounded communities. Within these communities, partisans found support from the local population in the form of food, forage, ammunition, and recruits. Beyond their own regions, lay ‘other’ communities. The ‘others’ were ripe for exploitation or punishment. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Phil Hartmeyer.

America’s first mining boom occurred in the 1840s on Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula. Pure copper lay ripe for picking along its shores, but until the construction of Saint Mary’s Canal in 1855, high freight costs kept the region from growing. Keweenaw’s social and economic isolation required a special craft that could profitably facilitate both the passenger and copper industries. “Lake Huron’s Death Ship”, Pewabic, was one propeller that embodied the zeitgeist of post-Civil War Great Lakes....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Craig A. Hanson.

Historical archaeology may be defined as the Latin-script-aided archaeology of the past 500 years. The direct historical approach of New World archaeologists has its analogical sources in this period. Its beginning coincided with the emergence of a capitalist political economy, the Renaissance and European New World colonization. Wallerstein modeled the process by which a capitalist world-system incorporated indigenous cultural geographies and Frank hypothesized a precocious world-systems model...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tristan Harrenstein.

Social media has fantastic potential for promoting heritage resources, however, a ‘critical mass’ of participants is often necessary before a program can become effective. This year, the Florida Public Archaeology Network (FPAN) began using the social media site Foursquare to promote local historic sites and museums. To stimulate traffic, FPAN released a series of six collectible lapel pins which participants were required to attend events and check-in on Foursquare to acquire. After the Pin...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deanna Groom.

On the night of 25-26 October 1859, a devastating hurricane hit the United Kingdom causing large numbers of shipping losses. The loss of life associated with one ship, the ROYAL CHARTER, was so great that it sent the nation into mourning and gave impetus to the estblishment of a storm warning service and the establishment of UK’s Met Office. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales has been working with Cadw, the Welsh Government’s heritage agency, and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lynsey Bates.

On the night of 25-26 October 1859, a devastating hurricane hit the United Kingdom causing large numbers of shipping losses. The loss of life associated with one ship, the ROYAL CHARTER, was so great that it sent the nation into mourning and gave impetus to the estblishment of a storm warning service and the establishment of UK’s Met Office. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales has been working with Cadw, the Welsh Government’s heritage agency, and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carl Drexler.

Recent excavations at Dooley’s Ferry (3HE12), on the Red River in Hempstead County, Arkansas, recovered fragments of a bottle of Edward Wilder’s ‘Mother’s Worm Syrup,’ a patent medicine advertised as an effective vermifuge. In context, this bottle and other patent medicines may have served other roles, which may have helped the residents of the area cope with the American Civil War and its aftermath.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eric Teixeira-Mendes.

This presentation will examine the significance of Japanese omamori (personal amulets) as artifacts. Disseminated by both Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines, omamori are organic objects, constantly adapting to the society in which they are made. Through their near innumerable variety of forms and functions, omamori embody both the changing concerns and aesthetic tastes of the public that these institutions serve, as well as the degree to which religious institutions perceive and accommodate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kim Christensen.

While the Second Wave feminist saying ‘The Personal is Political’ may appear cliché, it nonetheless highlights the recursive nature of individual, microscale experience and macroscale cultural trends. In this paper, I discuss how I came to study the domestic contexts of female reformers that strove to change the gendered and racialized landscapes of late nineteenth and early twentieth century America, seeking linkages between the domestic and the political. In the process of conducting such...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joe Hoyt. John Bright. Fred Engle. Brandi Carrier.

The 2013 field season has seen at least two underwater archaeological projects undertaken by avocational sport divers under the guidance of professional archaeologists. In this roundtable discussion, professional archaeologists and avocational divers who participated in these projects will provide their views on the potential contribution of the sport diving community to underwater archaeological endeavors.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Elam.

As part of a larger landscape restoration project, PAL completed archaeological investigations at the Phillips House in Salem, Massachusetts. Currently owned and managed by Historic New England, the primary period of interpretive significance for the property dates to the Phillips family tenure, ca.1911’1955. During its twentieth-century occupancy, the rear yard of the house was used as a domestic work space and contained structures associated with laundry, gardening, storage, and small animal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Todd Bostwick.

In 1928, the City of Phoenix in Arizona was the first municipality in the USA to create a City Archaeologist position. However, it was not until 2000 that a comprehensive archaeology program was in place that included the review of both private and public construction projects. This paper discusses the various challenges in developing this program during the author’s 21-year tenure as City Archaeologist from 1990 to 2011. Because the Phoenix Historic Preservation Ordinance is ambiguous and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justin Parkoff. Amy Borgens.

USS Westfield was the flagship of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron during the Civil War. Originally a New York Staten Island ferry, Westfield was purchased by the U.S. Navy in 1861 and converted into an armored gunboat. On January 1, 1863 USS Westfield was destroyed by her captain during the Battle of Galveston to avoid capture and then later detonated in 1906 to remove it as a navigation obstruction. In 2009, the remaining wreckage, consisting of a disarticulated artifact debris field, was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan Piddock.

Western Australia began as a free colony but due to economic conditions and a shortage of labour decided to accept male convicts from Britain, becoming a penal colony in 1849. It was the responsibility of the British Parliament to provide for convicts suffering from mental illness. In this paper l will discuss the effect funding from half a world away had on provisions for the care of the insane in the form of the Freemantle Lunatic Asylum. I will highlight what life was like in the asylum using...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Johanna Smith.

In mid-eighteenth-century Virginia, an ambitious Piedmont planter came into his full inheritance. This planter was James Madison, Sr., the father of the fourth president. Madison shrewdly managed his property and social connections to establish himself and his family as powerful members of the elite of Orange County, Virginia. But these decisions, made to maximize his own prestige and profits, were not made in a vacuum; they would profoundly impact the lives of the enslaved Africans and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anatolijs Venovcevs.

From 1868 to 1932, the Ordinance and Supply Yard located within the Fort York National Historic Site was part of a major munitions depot for the Canadian military that served the garrisons in southwestern Ontario. Accordingly, the 2010 and 2011 salvage excavation of a small section of this yard, conducted ahead of the construction for a proposed visitors’ centre, recovered a large amount of industrial debris associated with the maintenance and repair of turn-of-the-century military hardware. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Molenda.

How do issues of labor and pluralism show up in communities from non-Western backgrounds? How is archaeological interpretation transformed when pluralism is built into, and articulated in, the dominant intellectual traditions of the people being studied? And how can archaeological investigations take into account labor in its varied relations with sociality and emotionality?In this paper I describe how Overseas Chinese laborers along the first transcontinental railroad were drawn into capitalist...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tatiana Niculescu.

Historians have long debated whether the Jewish agricultural colonies (JACs) that arose in 19th century America were utopian communities or founded on some other ideological basis. High modernism, a popular ideology at this time, was based on four main tenets: a strong confidence in scientific progress; attempts to master nature to meet human needs; an emphasis on rendering complex environments or concepts legible; and a disregard for geographical and social contexts. I argue that JACs were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Beaman.

Located in southeastern North Carolina, Wilmington was one of the most active trans-Atlantic ports during the nineteenth century in the Southeast, particularly in the export of naval stores. Second only to Charleston, it was also the most heavily fortified port on the Atlantic Coast. This study summarizes the landscapes and archaeological investigations of the four primary forts of the Cape Fear Region’Fort Johnson, Fort Caswell, Fort Fisher, and Fort Anderson’that protected the Lower Cape...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jimmy Mouchard.

Cette présentation fait état de 10 ans de recherches (2003-2012) effectuées dans les estuaires de deux grands fleuves français (Seine et Loire), des espaces nautiques souvent considérés comme hostiles par les archéologues. Pendant longtemps, toute forme d’archéologie portuaire fut rejetée, pour cause d’idées préconçues. Les anciens ports estuariens de l’ouest de la France n’intéressaient pas ou peu dans la mesure où l’on pensait qu’ils avaient été éradiqués par la mise en place au cours du XXe...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tânia Casimiro. Rosa Varela Gomes. Mário Varela Gomes.

Portuguese pottery was largely exported to several parts of the world from late 15th to late 17th century. Its presence is confirmed in archaeological sites but also in written evidence such as port books, probate inventories and other records, travelling with products such as wine, olive oil, sugar, etc.The combination of these two sources permits to conclude that Portuguese ceramics were a recognizable production due to its quality but mostly due to its decoration, colours and shapes. From the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kotaro Yamafune.

Namban screens are a well-known Japanese art form that was produced between the end of the 16th century and throughout the 17th century. More than 90 of these screens survive today. They possess substantial historical value because they display scenes of the first European activities in Japan. Among the subjects depicted on Namban screens, some of the most intriguing include ships: the European ships of the Age of Discovery.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanna Dabal.

Ceramic toys are one of the categories which are very neglected in polish archaeology. There are barely a few mentions in polish archaeological literature about miniature dishes, whistles and figurines. There are no information about this category of finds from Gdansk excavation. In this paper author will present 17th-20th century ceramic toys from chosen urban sites of Gdansk, which ware part of larger ceramic studies. Those collection includes different fabric small ceramic dishes, money...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Batt.

This communication will outline the main post-medieval production centres in western Brittany. It aims to identify the centres whose productions have been identified outside their immediate area of manufacture.Examples of Breton earthenware production sites will be presented in their geographical context, their place in the landscape, their situation in relation to towns and ports, and discuss the social context within which the potters worked and the manner in which they commercialised and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Guido Pezzarossi.

The influence of new materialist perspectives in anthropology/archaeology has sparked a reconfiguration of the objects, methods and scales of study in the discipline by radically contextualizing human actors within the networks of diverse associations and dependencies with human and nonhuman entities that afford agency and action and structure events and processes. However, this move has entailed a necessary complicating of agency, intention and causality in archaeological interpretation that on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Krysta Ryzewski. John F. Cherry.

This paper demonstrates the advantages of a survey-centered approach for examining cultural landscapes on Montserrat. Our case-study focuses on the multi-method survey of the Potato Hill landscape employed during the 2013 field season of the Survey and Landscape Archaeology on Montserrat project. Potato Hill’s artifact assemblage is the largest and among the earliest historic-period collections of artifacts to be recovered on Montserrat from the 49 archaeological sites we have surveyed since...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alban Horry.

La découverte de plusieurs dizaines de milliers de fragments de céramiques de la période moderne lors des fouilles du site du Parc Saint-Georges à Lyon au début des années 2000 a largement contribué à relancer les études sur les céramiques entre le début du 16e et la fin du 18e siècle. Des fouilles archéologiques préventives majeures et ce depuis près d’une trentaine d’années ont livré des lots considérables dans divers secteurs de la ville. Ces mobiliers offrent la possibilité de travailler sur...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thérèse-Marie Hébert.

L’invention du grès a entraîné à la fin du Moyen Âge et à l’époque moderne le développement de grands centres de potiers. En Haute Normandie, le seul endroit favorable à cette production a été le pays de Bray, dans le nord de la Seine-Maritime. Là, le hameau de Martincamp, s’est installé à proximité de la forêt d’Eawy, où les potiers pouvaient se procurer les grandes quantités de bois nécessaires à la cuisson du grès. Beaucoup de potiers ont utilisé la même terre pour fabriquer une poterie...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Miranda Brunton.

During the nineteenth century, almost all general smiths also acted as farriers. Horse shoe nails offer the best evidence that the smiths practiced shoeing on site. However, the remnants of these nails can function as more than indicators of shoeing practices but also aid in both understanding the intensity of shoeing practices and in pinpointing features. For example, horse shoe nails recovered from Kilmanagh Crossroads site excavated by Archaeological Services Inc. in 2009, not only...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brandi Carrier.

One of the regulatory responsibilities of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Office of Renewable Energy Programs is to identify submerged precontact sites and protect them through avoidance or mitigation under the auspices of the National Historic Preservation Act. But submerged precontact sites on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) aren’t exactly easy to identify. BOEM is tasked with establishing scientifically rigorous and defensible guidelines for developers to conduct...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meghan Mumford.

The British occupation of Pensacola Florida resulted in the regularization of a ‘proper’ and formulized town plan with distinct locations for institutions. The Colonial jail, or public gaol, was an integral edifice in the early landscape of Pensacola. The British built the public gaol around 1765, and it operated as one of the few substantive brick buildings in the town that was subsequently used by the sequential Spanish occupants. This poster will explore the preliminary findings from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cameron Gill. Dennis Knepper. Raymond Hayes. Monique Klarenbeek. Bill Utley. Francois Van Der Hoeven.

From the 17th through the mid-19th centuries, England defended the town of Sandy Point at the northwestern end of St. Kitts from seizure by rival nations. As one of the earliest English settlements in the Caribbean and a major trading center for European goods, enslaved Africans and island produce, Sandy Point was protected by fortifications at Brimstone Hill and Charles Fort. Responding to assaults by the French, British construction at Sandy Point continued between 1672 and 1732, creating ‘the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendy Altizer.

Peachtree Plantation, located on the Santee River in St. James Parish, South Carolina, is one of the earlier examples of plantation architecture in the South Carolina Low Country. Built in 1762, it was home to Thomas Lynch, Jr., a wealthy rice planter and signer of the Declaration of Independence. Peachtree is also significant as the first plantation to utilize a water-powered rice mill, which revolutionized rice production in the Low Country. A kitchen fire in 1840 destroyed much of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Isenbarger.

When we sat down to write the research questions that would guide our excavations at the slave village of former Dean Hall Plantation, located near Charleston, South Carolina, we knew there were anomalies we had never seen before in the Colono Wares found when the site was discovered. However, as the excavations unfolded, the artifacts being recovered not only solidified our hunch that we had one of the most unique Colono Ware assemblages ever found in America, but proved that our research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexis Catsambis.

The Sunken Military Craft Act of 2004 (SMCA) ensured that the United States government maintains title to its sunken military craft and associated contents regardless of time of loss, irrespective of location. The Department of the Navy, operating through the Naval History & Heritage Command, is presently in the final stages of establishing federal regulations implementing the SMCA and setting forth the parameters for a permitting program to enable activities that disturb U.S. Navy sunken...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrea Zlotucha Kozub.

Motherhood was the defining role for women in 19th century America, but recent discoveries of fetal remains in privies demand a new consideration of how and when some women chose to avoid opportunities to become mothers. These individuals lived in a patriarchal society without reliable contraception, with a medical establishment just beginning to understand the concept of fetal development, and a legal system that relied on a woman’s report of fetal quickening to determine her right to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jayshree Mungur-Medhi.

Archaeology studies past identities; however, it also puts into discussion the identity of the present within a society. Simultaneously, archaeological data is being questioned by communities when the data does not really fit the latter’s expectations. These issues have to be dealt with each time one undertakes archaeological research on sites to which communities are emotionally affiliated especially in a countries like Mauritius. Mauritius where multi-ethnicity is at the base, Archaeology can...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wade Catts.

Archaeology studies past identities; however, it also puts into discussion the identity of the present within a society. Simultaneously, archaeological data is being questioned by communities when the data does not really fit the latter’s expectations. These issues have to be dealt with each time one undertakes archaeological research on sites to which communities are emotionally affiliated especially in a countries like Mauritius. Mauritius where multi-ethnicity is at the base, Archaeology can...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Titta Kallio-Seppä. Timo Ylimaunu. Paul Mullins.

This paper discusses urban space in the northern Swedish town of Oulu during the 17th and 18th centuries and its role in Sweden’s state formation. Oulu, a former medieval trading place, was founded in 1605. Oulu was one of the first towns Sweden founded in the northern coastal area of the Gulf of Bothnia after a new border line was drawn between Sweden and Russia in 1595. Oulu’s landscape was at first formed in a medieval style along a main street, but in the middle of the 17th century the town...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christa Beranek. John Steinberg. Karin Goldstein. Kellie Bowers. Jerry Warner. David Landon.

The approaching 400th anniversary of the founding of the Plymouth Colony (1620-1691) provides a unique opportunity for research and education on early colonial Massachusetts. The Fiske Center for Archaeological Research, in conjunction with Plimoth Plantation, has begun a series of collaborative initiatives focused on this quatercentenary. In cooperation with other scholars and stakeholders, we plan to develop a public archaeological research and training program to help create a scholarly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Trunzo.

Power relations and ideology have been my theoretical interest in archaeology. Through historical deconstruction and reassessing the meaning of material culture in sociocultural contexts, I have been able to show that objects had to be politicized in order to remove them from class competition and situate them as political symbols of rebellion and independence in late 18th century American communities. Feminist archaeology has recast that data as evidence of women’’s active roles in pursuing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney Buchanan.

Culture contact situations are uniquely situated to address important questions on the nature of changing identities and identity formation in archaeology. One of the richest areas of cultural contacts west of the Mississippi is California. While much has been written about cultural contacts and identity formation in the Spanish Missions in the San Diego region and the Spanish Missions and Russian Forts in Northern California, the one area that has had little done is the region between San Diego...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Luh Putu Ayu Savitri Chi Kusuma. Ira Dillenia.

The Indonesian Archipelago consists of thousands islands with long coastline. Historically, Indonesia was an important route of shipping and trade and had significant position in the world war, so variety of maritime archaeological resources can be found in coastal areas throughout Indonesia. Maritime archaeological resources hold potentials in scientific, educational, economic and social terms. However, many maritime archaeological resources in Indonesia are still not yet understood in term of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas McGovern.

Centuries before the rise and spread of the early modern world system after 1500 CE, Europeans colonized the islands of the North Atlantic and established a presence in the Western Hemisphere. Both Iceland and Greenland were initially settled by walrus hunters supplying prestige goods to a Scandinavian homeland experiencing rapid social and economic change. While Iceland developed into a substantial farming society of some 50,000 and eventually developed an active export trade in dried fish...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey S. Dean.

An important component of models of wood-use behavior used to interpret archaeological tree-ring data is the temporal cycle through which wooden construction elements pass. Understanding the prevailing cycle of construction-wood-use behavior is vital to deriving both chronological and behavioral information from tree-ring collections from archaeological sites. Intensive dendroarchaeological research has identified a strong pattern of Puebloan wood-use behavior that can be generalized to evaluate...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karin Bruwelheide. Douglas Owsley. Stephen Rouse.

As part of its analysis, a partial, fragmented skull, identified as evidence of cannibalism at Jamestown, Virginia, was scanned using computed tomography. Digitally created bone models of the disassembled pieces were oriented in anatomical position and missing portions of the skull were created through mirror imaging of the recovered bone. Technology used in medicine and industry to create bone models for surgeons, called additive manufacturing or 3D printing, was applied to create a complete...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean Provencher.

Après deux voyages exploratoires de Jacques Cartier au Canada et une entente avec le pape, le roi François 1er dépêche en Amérique une véritable expédition pour «habiter esdites terres et pays, y construyre et ediffier villes et fortz, temples et églises». Plusieurs bateaux, des centaines de personnes. Hommes, femmes et enfants. Nobles et roturiers. Militaires et prisonniers. Des bêtes également. Voilà la Renaissance à Québec. D’ailleurs, le commandant La Rocque de Roberval, une bonne...

DOCUMENT Citation Only André Bergeron.

Depuis les débuts du projet archéologique au site Cartier-Roberval, la conservation archéologique a été intégrée tout au long des campagnes de fouilles. Plusieurs vestiges fragiles ont nécessité des mesures de protection particulières. Nous présenterons les grandes lignes des mesures de stabilisation retenues, ainsi que les questions soulevées par certaines découvertes en culture matérielle.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert.

This paper aims to present part of the results of historical research in the service of underwater and maritime archaeology realized during a Phd thesis dealing with seafaring and maritime activity in Guadeloupe (FWI). Historical research are presented through two points of view : the use of historical research to help identify shipwreck and maritime sites and the use of historical research to present underwater archaeological potential. This multi scale approach has to be evaluated regarding...

DOCUMENT Citation Only LouAnn Wurst.

In order to expand the intellectual depth of historical archaeology, we need to seriously question capitalism. Although the discipline has used capitalism to define the field for decades, practitioners have seldom confronted what capitalism actually is. Recent political transformations have made capitalism both more ubiquitous and invisible than ever. We commonly reify capitalism as a ‘thing’ that is fully formed and exists independently of people and their social relationships. Capitalism,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jane Lydon. Tracy Ireland.

Historical archaeology in Australia, as elsewhere, is shaped by heritage practice, which has become increasingly democratised over recent decades. New methodologies for future and socially engaged heritage practice must critically address issues such as the UNESCO concept of Outstanding Universal Value, in an increasingly plural and culturally diverse society; the nature of ‘Intangible heritage’; and the relationship between national and local and/or Indigenous values. Archaeological research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Nassaney.

Fur trade archaeology mirrors in microcosm the development of the broader field of historical archaeology and reflects changes in its research priorities as influenced by factors both internal and external to the discipline. While contemporary theory informs recent approaches to the fur trade and colonial encounters, traditional concerns have not disappeared. Continued interest in chronology, architecture, spatial organization, subsistence, technological change, cultural interactions, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kim Faulk.

Rapidly evolving technologies are enabling the oil and gas industry to expand subsea operations into increasingly remote and hostile marine environments each year. In the United States, regulatory requirements mandate that certain data be collected during these endeavors, and as a result, a vast amount of geophysical and Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) video data has been compiled over the past several years. However, to date there have been few opportunities to fully analyze this data and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Edward Gonzalez-Tennant.

This paper examines the unexpected interpretive potentials which appear when archaeologists craft research projects exploring the tangible and intangible aspects of heritage. This requires a fluid and reflexive approach to fieldwork situating the concerns of local communities alongside those of the researcher. This form of collaboration raises questions regarding whether or not historical archaeology may sometimes miss potential collaborative projects due to a site’s assumed ethnic or racial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Moss.

The City of Québec works closely with public and private partners to assure the preservation and enhancement of its archaeological resources. The City is preparing an archaeological master plan for its territory including four historic districts, one of which is a UNESCO world heritage site. The plan is being developed in the context of renewed provincial heritage legislation and the adoption of a revised urban master plan required under provincial legislation. The archaeological master plan...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Douyard.

Over the past 30 years, archaeologists from the University of Massachusetts Amherst have struggled with several perplexing transactions in the deed chain of the W.E.B. Du Bois Homesite in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. There are several overlapping mortgages, and two apparent sales of the property. These documents seemingly contradict Du Bois’ accounts of the family’s continuous ownership of the property through the nineteenth century. Initially focused on these contradictions, I have shifted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Honora Sullivan-Chin.

The former homeplace of W.E.B. Du Bois in Great Barrington, Massachusetts is a National Historic Landmark administered by the University of Massachusetts Amherst. This paper argues both the great value and inherent difficulty of studying and interpreting the archaeological heritage associated with the Burghardts, a landowning African American family who resided on the small parcel of land in western Massachusetts for almost two centuries. Furthermore, this paper seeks to provide an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mike Moloney.

Investigation into underwater archaeology began, inevitably with the investigation of shipwrecks. As the discipline developed we sought to explore a greater variety of sites, and the investigation of shipwrecks experienced less prominence. But have we truly conquered shipwrecks? This paper examines the geospatial components of shipwreck sites in an effort to reconstruct the social dynamics of shipboard society. Shipwrecks are often the result of site formation processes that ‘spill’ the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alison Bell. Donald Gaylord.

This narrative of archaeological surprise begins with relationships between mean ceramic and documentary dates for two early 19th-century Virginia plantation sites. Finding discordant dates at an overseer’s site but relatively consistent ones at a nearby enslaved woman’s site, we hypothesized that the overseer’s family used ceramic vessels longer, generating more extensive wear. Analysis under low magnification, however, produced the opposite results. These unexpected finds not only required...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Dagneau. Filippo Ronca.

Archaeological investigation at the Battle of the Restigouche NHS has taken place for over forty years, from the initial discovery and the excavation of the 22-gun frigate Machault in 1967’1972, to the recent assessment of this national historic site as a battlefield including multiple features on land and underwater. This paper focuses on the many aspects of the importance of the Machault project. The shipwreck and its collection represent a rare witness to colonial trade and warfare. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brad Hatch. Barbara Heath. Lauren McMillan.

The John Hallowes Site in Westmoreland County, Virginia was excavated from 1968 to 1969. While no site report was written, an article summarizing the findings was published in Historical Archaeology in 1971. The artifacts from the site were not systematically catalogued until the 1980s, and it was not until 2010-2012 that an integrated study that compared the artifact data with site features, site history, regional archaeological findings, and regional history was completed. Benefiting from...