Society for Historical Archaeology 2014

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marie-Claude Brien.

The Groupe de Recherche en Dendrochronologie Historique (GRDH) has carried out various tree-ring analysis of Eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis) in the St. Lawrence Valley since its creation in 2002. Its first major project was the creation of a reference chronology for the Québec City area in 2007. Since then, around twenty heritage buildings and archaeological sites of the greater Montreal area have been analysed, totalising one hundred of locally felled eastern white cedar covering the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Pearce Paul Creasman.

More than 200 warships were built, and thousands serviced, at Charlestown Navy Yard (Boston, MA) in its 175 years of service for the U.S. Navy (1800-1974 C.E.). Recent renovations and redevelopment of the former yard revealed an historic timber pond, where hundreds of unfinished naval-quality ship timbers remained buried. Many of these timbers were offered to the Henry B. du Pont Preservation Shipyard (Mystic Seaport, CT) for their restoration of Charles W. Morgan. Courtesy of Mystic Seaport,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marcy Reiser.

The Big Horn Basin in Wyoming was one of the last areas in the West explored and settled by early Euro-Americans. Thus, first-hand historical accounts from this region are sparse, especially from the Absaroka Mountains which flank the basin on the west. Tree-ring samples collected from ancient wood at high elevation sites in the Central Absarokas, including from prehistoric culturally peeled trees, archaeological features, and historic cabins, provide a unique window into this region’s past....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Lynn Evans.

Michilimackinac, located at the crossroads of the Great Lakes, was a fortified trading settlement and entrepôt, rather than a traditional military fort. Although the military played an important role at the settlement, more than half of the space within the palisade walls was taken up by the church/mission complex and civilian homes. This paper will examine the French Canadian civilian experience at Michilimackinac through the prism of the excavation of a specific row house unit, House 7 of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John D. Littlefield.

The American Civil War saw the need for many advances in naval warfare. The design of the CSS David semi-submersible torpedo boat proved to be an important innovation. The original David, of which at least 18 other versions were based, was the first vessel to successfully explode a torpedo against an enemy warship’s hull. This single event was the precursor to both the modern torpedo and the submarine, yet the story of the ‘Little David’ remains little known. Details of David’s origin and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Warren Riess.

In 1982 Warren Riess and Sheli Smith directed the excavation of the Ronson ship in Manhattan, New York. Subsequent research led to its identification as Princess Carolina, built in Charleston, South Carolina in 1717; an analysis of its hull led to a determination of how the shipwright designed the ship. It is somewhat different from the extant design manuscripts of the period. This paper is an illustrated presentation of the steps the shipwright took to design the shape of the hull and his...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brenna Moloney. Krysta Ryzewski.

Brenna Moloney (Primary) and Krysta RyzewskiKeywords (3): Detroit, Displacement, City BeautifulAbstract:Popular histories of the now-ruined Michigan Central Railroad Terminal and the adjacent Roosevelt Park celebrate the building and its landscape as pioneering monuments of the early-20th-century ‘City Beautiful’ movement in Detroit. These histories disguise the struggles involved in the creation of such public works, in this case the protracted resistance raised by the Corktown community’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth Lecler-Huby. Benedicte Guillot.

Lors de fouilles archéologiques à Rouen et à Neufchâtel-en-Bray, deux petits dépotoirs ont livré des ensembles céramiques illustrant le vaisselier domestique de la fin du 18e-19e siècle. Ils associent de la vaisselle commune issue des ateliers locaux et des faïences attribuables soit à la production rouennaise, soit d’origine plus lointaine.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Miller. MisCha Johns. Carl Halbirt.

St. Augustine, Florida, has a vibrant heritage spanning almost 449 years of continuous European occupation. In 1987 the city passed an archaeological preservation ordinance authorizing the documentation of archaeological deposits prior to ground-penetrating development on both public and private properties’a result of the convergence of events and activism. Administration of this policy directive is through the City’s Planning and Building Department, with implementation under the auspices of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jason Gillham. Ryan Harris.

In 2010, Parks Canada’s Underwater Archaeology Service approached 2G Robotics of Waterloo, Ontario, to explore the feasibility of developing an underwater laser scanning system capable of producing very-high resolution 3D site maps of large-scale underwater structures. Building on the proven imaging capabilities of their existing close-up laser scanning technologies, 2G designed and manufactured a new longer range system to Parks Canada’s specific operational requirements. With an effective...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rémi Toupin. Isabelle Ribot. Jean-François Hélie. Fanny Morland. Denny Caron.

The objective of this study is to use stable isotope analysis on human remains of a sub-sample of the St. Matthew’s cemetery (Quebec, 1771-1860), to explore how dietary behaviors could have varied in relation to mobility patterns. As diet is closely related to original or adopted culture of an individual, it partly informs us on identity and ‘cultural’ changes through life.Preliminary stable isotopic projects focusing on bone collagen (C and N) allowed us to confirm that this Canadian population...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tim Tumberg.

During the summers of 2007-2011, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources conducted archaeological investigations at the historic townsite of Agate Bay, located within the present day limits of the City of Two Harbors. Agate Bay was developed in the mid-1880s in conjunction with the opening of the Vermilion Iron Range. During its few short years of existence, Agate Bay acquired a reputation as a rough-and tumble frontier settlement and many historical accounts refer to an especially...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sara Belkin.

Settlement of New England began with the founding of Plymouth and spread rapidly throughout the New England environment. Present on the landscape stand many buildings that can be dated to these early periods of settlement. However, during excavations of many rural 17th and 18th century sites, the material culture used and disposed by these early colonists is rarely recovered. Though these early homes and even outbuildings may be present, artifacts that can be used to understand the colonists...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Theodore Charles.

During recent years, the Civilian Conservation Corps has become increasingly present in archaeological studies across the United States. Beginning in the spring of 2011, the National Park Service began a study of the Civilian Conservation Corps and their operations at Mount Rainier National Park from 1933-1941. Their history and the role of the program at Mount Rainier had immense impacts on both the environment and the present day management of federal lands. Extensive testing was done on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Lavin.

The Jamestown Rediscovery team has always sensitively excavated, researched and on occasion displayed human skeletal remains. Obviously this was especially required in the case of Jane, the cannibalized English girl. We felt that being a public museum, the often complicated scientific analysis of her remains had to be interpreted in the most understandable and yet respectful way possible. We also knew that while display of Jane’s disarticulated bones would appear more scientific , mending...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Linda F. Carnes-McNaughton.

The Overhills Estate became property of the United States government in 1997. Previously the estate was a private, exclusive leisure and sports home for the vacationing Rockefeller family and their special guests, and later a working farm. Several residences were built on the estate, along with support structures and landscape features geared towards recreational activities of seasonal visitors. At its pinnacle, the furnishings of these domestic buildings represented affluence. Of particular...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Neil Puckett.

Many sites require an extremely high level of accuracy and precision regarding excavation, identification, and documentation of cultural materials. The dark water and compact sediments in Florida’’s Aucilla River create unique challenges for recording an acceptable level of detail. Here, traditional underwater excavation and documentation techniques such as hand fanning, photogrammetry, and photo-modeling are not applicable. Instead, common terrestrial tools such as line-levels, stick rulers,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Bright. William McDermott.

In May of 2013 a group of avocational divers and archaeologists began a series of archaeological research expeditions off North Carolina’s Outer Banks. Facilitated by the Outer Banks Dive Center, the project focuses upon documentation of historic shipwrecks in the area north of Cape Hatteras. By partnering with avocationally trained recreational divers, archaeologists are able to collect valuable information and benefit from the expertise and knowledge of engaged and enthusiastic researchers...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michelle Damian.

This paper will discuss ongoing research into the flow of both goods and people in medieval (14th ‘ 16th centuries) Japan’s Seto Inland Sea area. Prior to colonialism and contact with the West, there was already a complex, well-developed maritime network in place within Japan that has received little attention. Understanding the extent of the domestic trade network reveals the thriving trade between communities within the Inland Sea, in conjunction with the better-known court-centric tribute and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanne Bowen.

In 1699, Williamsburg emerged as the capital of Virginia, set amidst plantations focused on growing tobacco. This paper will explore how colonization evolved, first to feed plantations intent on producing tobacco and eventually to include producing livestock and grains to feed an urban population. This growth has been conceptualized by archaeologist John Terrell as the domestication of landscapes, where humans consciously harness and shift natural conditions in their environment to harness...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Molly Swords.

Overseas Chinese played an important role in the shaping of the American West. Overemphasis of material stereotypes and public fascination with opium and gambling can leave a shallow interpretation of this important group. In this paper, I will examine traditional Chinese clothing fasteners, buttons, in the context of a male residence and business located in late 19th century Sandpoint, Idaho. Through this analysis, I view the importance of Chinese Identity through the lens of self expression...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andre Costopoulos. Colin Wren. Jennifer Bracewell. Florin Pendea.

Archaeological evidence suggests that there is a long-term relationship between settlement location and regional scale variability in shoreline stability in isostatically uplifting landscapes such as Eastern James Bay. The arrival of the Hudson’s Bay Company in James Bay resulted in the establishment of a number of trading and settlement centers that have very different topographical profiles than documented prehistoric settlements in the region. During the 19th and early 20th century, a Cree...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda Johnson.

In the 1850s, over 2000 Irish immigrants were brought to an area 20 miles west of Charlottesville, Virginia to construct the tunnels and cuts associated with the Blue Ridge Railroad. The dangerous and lengthly work transformed this transient immigrant population into a semi-settled community for the duration of the decade long project. During the summer of 2013, a field school from the University of Maryland focused excavation efforts on dry-laid stone platforms above the tracks near the eastern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendra Kennedy.

Deepwater archaeologists are fortunate to work on some of the most well-preserved submerged archaeological sites in the world. Undisturbed features and rarely-recovered artifacts, which can tell us much about maritime activity, often survive in the extremely cold, nearly inaccessible depths of deepwater. In the Gulf of Mexico, in particular, partnerships between the private and public sectors have resulted in investigations of deepwater shipwrecks dating from the colonial period to World War...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Mather.

In the late seventeenth century, the area that is now the State of Minnesota was the frontier of exploration for New France. At the western edge of Lake Superior, Minnesota offered passage into the then-unknown extent of the Mississippi River watershed, and establishment of trade with the Dakota (Sioux) Indians. Daniel Greysolon Sieur du Luth traveled across the Great Lakes and overland to the Dakota communities at Mille Lacs Lake in 1679. Father Louis Hennepin resided at Mille Lacs among the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cynthia Zutter.

In the late seventeenth century, the area that is now the State of Minnesota was the frontier of exploration for New France. At the western edge of Lake Superior, Minnesota offered passage into the then-unknown extent of the Mississippi River watershed, and establishment of trade with the Dakota (Sioux) Indians. Daniel Greysolon Sieur du Luth traveled across the Great Lakes and overland to the Dakota communities at Mille Lacs Lake in 1679. Father Louis Hennepin resided at Mille Lacs among the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Frédéric Gerber.

Les fouilles archéologiques préventives réalisées à Bordeaux (Gironde - France) en 2002 et 2003, place de la Bourse et place Jean-Jaurès, ont permis d’’étudier le passage de sites d’’anciens ports médiévaux à des zones de prestige aux XVIIe et surtout XVIIIe s. Les structures portuaires (grèves, fontaine pour approvisionner les bateaux et échoppes) laissent peu à peu la place à des quais monumentaux, une promenade mondaine et une place royale, vitrine de la puissance de la ville. La céramologie,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bruno Zélie.

La fouille urbaine du 23 rue du Duc avec six phases chronologiques comprises entre le XIVe siècle et le XXe siècle a permis de livré un matériel conséquent que ce soit d’un point de vue de la céramique du mobilier en bois, en os, en métal, en cuir ou en verre. Tous ces artefacts ont facilité la lecture des structures mais surtout orienté nos recherches sur deux activités principales. La première vers le raffinage du sucre et la seconde vers la distillerie d’eau de vie. Pour ce qui concerne la...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hayden Bassett.

Epistemologies of space, environment, dwelling, and the body are essential to the study of past individuals through their constructed spaces. Most important to this study is the notion that one’s knowledge of the world is integral to the ways in which one dwells within it. This paper explores colonial English epistemologies of climate through an analysis of dwelling spaces of the 17th-century Chesapeake. Using Ingold’s notion of the “weather-world”, I consider Early-Modern perceptions of air,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lisa Rankin.

It can be argued that the southward migration of the Inuit onto the Labrador Peninsula in the 15th century was motivated by their desire to access European metal. Their search ended on the shores of the Strait of Belle Isle where the Inuit scavenged iron and other European commodities from seasonally abandoned Norman, Breton and Basque fishing and whaling station. Such indirect encounters eventually gave way to more regular interactions between the Inuit and the various European populations...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Martin Cooper.

This paper examines the evidence for the earliest European contact among the Neutral Iroquoians, who in the seventeenth century occupied a large portion of southern Ontario, from Milton in the northwest extending through the Niagara Peninsula into New York State. Despite five decades of contact with Europeans, we do not know by what name this large amalgamation of tribes called themselves yet the first Europeans called them the Neutral. This referred to their position both politically and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew Shaw. Petr Dresler. Michael Dietz. John Staeck.

During summer 2013, an American archaeological team, in association with colleagues from Masaryk University in Brno, excavated a suburban settlement beyond the perimeter of Pohansko, a fortified, 9th-century Great Moravian stronghold in the southeastern Czech Republic. High population density maintaining stone-built structures was revealed, along with the hardware associated with craftworking in industrial fashion, something heretofore not documented among early Central European Slavic centers....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrick Garrow.

True time capsules are very rare in historical archaeology. Most of the sites we investigate consist of architectural remains, middens, and features. The artifacts collected from middens often span the entire occupation history of the site. Features may represent frozen moments in time, but rarely reflect the total material culture present in the household. Further, features contain artifacts that have been removed from their household context and discarded. The site discussed in this paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kiara Beaulieu.

In 1820 the Ontario House was built in Niagara Falls and functioned as a hotel and tavern. In addition to providing a location for travelers to drink and lodge the Ontario House, as many other local establishments did, billeted soldiers. One map shows that soldiers were billeted at the Ontario House in 1838 (42nd regiment), and texts indicate that soldiers from the 67th regiment were also billeted there in 1841. The excavation of the midden and features of the Ontario House produced a large...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Landon. Teresa Bulger.

The African Meeting House in Boston became a center of the city’s free black community during the nineteenth century. Archaeological excavations at this site recovered material from the Meeting House backlot and a neighboring apartment building occupied by black tenants. These artifacts reveal strategies the community used to negotiate a place for themselves, create economic opportunities, and build community institutions. The Meeting House helped foster community success and became a powerful...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Sonnenburg. John O'Shea.

The Alpena-Amberley Ridge in Lake Huron was exposed during the Lake Stanley lowstand between 8 and 10 ka BP and was utilized by prehistoric peoples. After 8 ka BP, water levels rose and the Ridge was inundated. However, the exact timing and localized effects of Ridge submergence is unclear. Understanding the rapidity and nature of the flooding of the Ridge is of utmost importance for identifying areas where submerged archaeological materials are most likely to be preserved. Sediment samples...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth Arwill-Nordbladh.

Based on the examples of some projects by the Swedish archaeologist and social reformer Hanna Rydh (1891-1964), this paper discusses the question of a situated feminism. The examples demonstrate that the emancipating potential connected to feminist articulations is related to time- and place-specific conditions, thus illuminating feminism’s paradox in relation to the general and the specific. These early missions have implications for the research of a feminist archaeology attempting to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rui Gomes Coelho.

Portuguese historical archaeologies (locally known as «post-medieval» or «modern») emerged in the 1990s as part of the academic diversification of the discipline and the rise of CRM projects in urban areas. Since late 1990s new generations of archaeologists have been committed to this sub-field, producing an increasing number of theses, dissertations, publications and international projects. However, much of the intellectual effort put in the sub-field is strongly attached to culture-history...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Philip Courchesne. Richard Lapointe.

The team from MSi 3D had the opportunity to test the Echoscope 3D real-time sonar on the wrecks of the Empress of Ireland in June 2013. Located by 40m deep of water, the survey took about 1h30 on site, and the resulting images are highly impressive. Other test where also made on more recent wrecks and on another one dating from the french regime. Those result demonstrate the usefulness of this quite new technology for the documentation of underwater sites.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catherine Hawkins.

English Border ware was produced along the Surrey-Hampshire border in southern England during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and was distributed to all parts of England as well as to colonies in North America. Various collections of Border ware ceramics that have been excavated at archaeological sites in Newfoundland will be analysed to obtain a broader understanding of the presence of this ceramic type during the early years of colonization. By studying and comparing the collections of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adrian Green.

This paper explores the evidence for the form of houses built by seventeenth-century English settlers in North America, and examines how closely they followed and in what ways they differed from contemporary English housing. Did houses adapt to differences in climate? Did they incorporate indigenous techniques? Were they built with a view to withstanding attack? How far can we see English houses as embodying a sense of ethnic culture or national identity? And to what extent was the evident...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Brown. Thane Harpole.

Virginia’s elite experimented with dramatic changes to their plantations at the end of the seventeenth century, a period coinciding with increasing reliance on enslaved labor, the use of architecture and landscape design books, and increasing racialization of Africans in the colony. The enslaved African population operated within and largely built this new world, creating what Dell Upton and others refer to as a Black Landscape. Archaeological evidence of these landscapes reflects the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kenneth Kelly.

Following the ‘abolition’ of the slave trade in 1807/8 by Denmark, Britain, and the United States, the trade in captive Africans underwent substantial realignments as the now largely ‘illegal’ slave trade continued to service the ongoing demands from Brazil, the Spanish Caribbean, and to a lesser extent, the French West Indies and the United States. The focus of the slave trade shifted from the well-known, and highly visible, forts and castles of the Gold and Slave coasts, and entered a new...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelley M. Berliner. Valerie M.J. Hall.

While public outreach and education have succeeded on some levels, recent budget cuts, limited job opportunities, and tense relationships with stakeholders indicate the public is not fully engaged and does not perceive archaeology as an important cause for which to fight. The two Jamestowns serve as an example: thousands engage with the historical park at Jamestown Settlement without realizing it is not an archaeological site; meanwhile, the Jamestown Rediscovery crew quickly publicizes finds...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sean Maroney. Kerri S. Barile.

In 1786, the town of Fredericksburg was just over 50 years old. The original core of town comprised just 18 blocks, and a 1759 expansion doubled its size to over 40. But the newly completed home of General George Weedon and his wife Catherine sat outside of the boundaries of this burgeoning community. As originally designed, the Sentry Box comprised a carefully designed, five-part Palladian plan with a dwelling, four symmetrical outbuildings, terraced gardens, quarters, barns, and surrounding...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diane Wallman.

The colonization and settlement of the Americas by Europeans instigated significant demographic, economic and ecological transition in the New World. The Caribbean, in particular, experienced a radical transformation of both the natural and social landscape, involving the introduction of diverse peoples, new biota, and an emerging capitalist economic system. While prehistoric archaeological research in the Caribbean has provided considerable insight into the ecological history of the region,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zocha Houle-Wierzbicki. Yannick Le Roux.

At the end of the 17th century, Loyola’s settlement represented one of the most important economic complexes of the French Guyana. It was created by Jesuits for production of sugar cane, coffee and indigo. In 1763, Loyola was closed, and the settlement counted over 500 Native or African slaves (Le Roux 1995:7). Introduction of the Black Code reminded every master to inhume their baptized slaves in the parish cemetery (Black Code 1768: 14). Our estimation shows that more than 1,000 individuals...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Barbara Panico. Emanuele Tornatore. Massimiliano Secci.

What is the current situation in Italian archaeological ethics? Does a debate exist within the disciplinary community? The authors question the state of the art analyzing a series of case studies which have stimulated a major debate and others that have not received proper attention. In a confrontation between tangible examples and food for thoughts, between professional association recommendations and a lack of deontological teaching in university, this contribution attempts to offer a National...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Justine Bourguignon-Tétreault.

Historical archaeology in Québec tends to focus on European colonial life ways and adaptation to a new landscape, while aspects relating to Native traditions are relegated to prehistory. However, an Indigenous presence was critical to the establishment of the first Montreal colony; at its inception, the project even depended on that presence. The motivations for attracting Native peoples to the small French fort shifted throughout the 17th century from religious to commercial, but the pivotal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Per Cornell.

The colonization of the Americas was a violent and exploitative affair. While the European colonial project turned out a success in certain areas, from the view of the conqueror, the colonial process in general was difficult. There was substantial resistance in different forms, and the results of the efforts at colonize turned out quite different from the colonizers scenario. With varied examples, but mainly from areas not fully under colonial control in two regions, i.e. today’s Northwestern...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bruce Bourque.

The onset of European contact along the Maine-Maritime coast has been the subject of many varied scenarios for more than a century. Leaving aside the matter of Norse visitation, for which there is scant evidence at best, the region was first visited by Europeans during the late sixteenth century and then again in the early seventeenth. But the impacts of these visits upon indigenous peoples are difficult to assess historically and archaeologically because of the region’s proximity to the Gulf...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeff Oliver. Agusta Edwald.

Within the discourse of settler experiences in North America the ‘European Colonizer’ is all too often viewed in monolithic terms. Moving forward ideas of agency and hybridity, which can transgress the over-embellished ‘contact line’ between Europeans and Indigenous peoples as well as the boundaries that serve to differentiate groups within these categories, requires sensitivity to the scales of social life as well as the situated historical moments that saw people coming together for a variety...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew E. Cross. Mark C. Branstner.

The American period colonization of southwest Illinois can be traced to the 1798 establishment of the Turkey Hill Settlement and the ca. 1802 founding of the Ridge Prairie Settlement, near modern Belleville in St. Clair County. Most of these early period settlers were transplants from the slightly earlier settlements of the trans-Appalachian Upland South. One of the earliest of these was David Everett, the son-in-law of a prominent Methodist circuit rider, Jesse Walker, who operated in Kentucky,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Fox. Jean-Luc Pilon.

The distribution of European goods is reviewed for archaeological sites along these two major ‘highways’ to the west. Seventeenth archaeological evidence and historical data related to specific travel routes and Native community locations in what is now southeastern Ontario is used to reconstruct the sixteenth century evolution of Algonkian participation in the nascent fur trade.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen Walczesky.

The examination of faunal remains from archaeological sites provides a wealth of information pertaining to the diets of past peoples. This original research focuses on the analysis of animal remains from two sites that date to post-Conquest Canada. One assemblage is from a 1780-1820s British use of a privy associated with the Intendant’s palace in Québec City. The second assemblage is from a 1780-1850s French occupation of the New Farm, located on Geese Island outside of Québec City. These...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Kelly. Phillip Mendenhall.

Two recently excavated turn of the nineteenth-century Mashantucket Pequot households have offered a glimpse into the Native use of European manufactured ceramics on the reservation in southeastern Connecticut. The Schemitzun Site (72-208) and the 72-226 Site have allowed for a large-sample analysis of a variety of vessel forms and types of varying quality acquired by the Pequot residents of these localities during the colonial era. These Native owned ceramics provide insight into the social...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole Rosenberg Marshall.

St. Michael’s Cemetery is the oldest extant cemetery in Pensacola, Florida. Platted in 1810, the cemetery was in use through the epidemic events that regularly swept Northwest Florida. Between 1810 and 1905, 1,399 documented deaths occurred during epidemic outbreaks, and of those deaths only 69 are accounted for within the cemetery. These numbers indicate that burials due to epidemics are likely unaccounted for within the cemetery. To investigate the possibility of unmarked burials, a Ground...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Harris.

Freedman’s Cemetery, in Dallas, Texas, was an inclusive African-American cemetery that was open from 1869 until it was forcibly closed in 1907. In the 1990s, the burials of 1157 individuals were excavated and documented as a result of the expansion of the adjacent North Central Expressway. This paper will look at the jewelry present in those burials, and how the presence, quantity and type of jewelry relates to socioeconomic factors. This information will be compared to other spatially and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Spott.

Anthropologists address identity and personhood in order to understand how people engage in social relations with one another. Identity is an amalgamation of personal characteristics; some inherent, some chosen and some imposed, that allow for inclusion or exclusion in various social arenas. In this paper, notions of identity and personhood are examined to test the utility of this theoretical framework to inform us about the pluralistic society of 18th and 19th century frontier life, and is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only William Chadwell.

Anthropologists address identity and personhood in order to understand how people engage in social relations with one another. Identity is an amalgamation of personal characteristics; some inherent, some chosen and some imposed, that allow for inclusion or exclusion in various social arenas. In this paper, notions of identity and personhood are examined to test the utility of this theoretical framework to inform us about the pluralistic society of 18th and 19th century frontier life, and is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mathieu Mercier Gingras. Brad Loewen.

Since 2006, archaeologists from the Université of Montréal have been investigating a wreck in the St. Lawrence River that appears to be one of four French naval ships lost on 22 November 1759, in the aftermath of the British Conquest of New France. Tidal currents and visibility are significant constraints to maritime archaeology in this region, but the team has developed a methodology that is increasingly bearing fruit. After sonar scans and collecting oral history, a systematic campaign to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Manon Savard. Nicolas Beaudry.

St. Barnabé Island lies in the St. Lawrence estuary off Rimouski, the administrative center of eastern Québec. As the backdrop of the natural amphitheater formed by terraces overlooking a bay, the long and narrow island protects the city’s lower tier from northern winds but blocks its horizon. While most locals have never set foot on it, the island dominates their imagination as much as their landscape. It is the stage of tales of a lover turned hermit, shipwrecks and burials, beached whales,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michel L'Hour.

Submerged in 91 meters outside of Toulon, the wreck of the Lune, a vessel of the French Royal Navy lost in 1664 offers a testimony of 17th-century maritime, military, social and material history. The site’s exceptional scientific interest and its depth have lead to the development of an experimental excavation project. The objective is to use this project to develop and perfect excavation logistic and a methodology perfectly adapted to wrecks located in great depths and entirely acceptable to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benedicte Guillot. Elisabeth Lecler-Huby. Paola Calderoni.

En 2007 a été fouillé une parcelle comprenant l’ancien fossé médiéval longeant le château d’Evreux. Ce fossé a été comblé au 18e siècle et parmi les remblais a été mis au jour un lot de céramiques et de verres très bien conservés. La plupart des pots couvrent une période allant du 16e au 18e siècle. Ils doivent provenir d’une apothicairerie car les formes couvrent toute la gamme des ustensiles utilisés en pharmacie: ampoule en verre, albarello, pot canon ou pot à onguent, pilulier, bouteilles,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marguerite De Loney.

It has been argued by many post-colonial theorists that in order to understand identity formation processes within repressive contexts, both in an historically colonial moment and a contemporary post-colonial one, we must locate and critically analyze those formative years in colonial history that gave rise to modern cultural forms, and have simultaneously shaped our perception of those forms, internally and externally. However, we must not only critique empire, but think beyond it, to a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cayla Hill.

The site of St. Joseph’s College (35MA67) is located within St. Paul, Oregon, a French-Canadian settlement appropriately positioned on French Prairie, which is also home to the first Roman Catholic mission in the Pacific Northwest, established in 1839 by Father Francois Norbert Blanchet of Quebec. On October 17th, 1843 St. Joseph’s College was officially dedicated as a boarding school for boys, the first of its kind within the Oregon Territory. Both Fathers Antoine Langlois and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen (Steve) Brown.

At the 16th ICOMOS General Assembly in 2008, the ‘Québec Declaration on the Preservation of Spirit of Place’ was adopted. The declaration called for measures and actions to safeguard and promote the physical and spiritual elements that give meaning, value, and emotion to place. In this presentation I argue that excavation is a heritage practice/process that asserts and re-invigorates spirit of place. The case study is my home in the Sydney suburb of Arncliffe; the method personal and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Goldberg.

For centuries, European traders have influenced and altered the African landscape, playing a major role in identity formation, group memory, and trade relations. To enhance our understanding of the relationship between European traders and local citizens through occupation of space, experimental metal detection was employed at three sites located along the Rio Pongo in Guinea. Situated in an isolated region of West Africa, these clandestine sites were active throughout the illegal slave trade of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elena Perez Alvaro.

One of the most important laboratories for observation for rare events used 120 archaeological lead bricks from a 2000 years old shipwreck for research into particle physics because of its low radioactivity. The dilemma is if there is any justification on using underwater cultural heritage for legitimate purposes. Definition and attribution of values to archaeological and cultural material have changed through history. Although all values are valid, individuals and organizations emphasize more...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mélissa Burns.

Anthropologist Tim Ingold has introduced the concept of taskscape as an aspect of the cultural landscape. The taskscape is created by people working; it is the living environment in which tasks happen. This paper explores the application of this concept using Champ Paya, a French migratory fishing room, as a case study. Taskscape analysis of the cultural and natural features (e.g. fishing stage, cobble beach, bread oven, cabins, cross and crucifixes, but also forest, stream and hill) allows us...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alyssa Loorya.

New York’s City Hall Park has exhibited three distinct identities since the founding of New Amsterdam. Originally utilized to extend the Dutch tradition of Common lands in the new world it’s remote location made it an ideal setting to house unwanted populations in the eighteenth century. Following the Revolutionary War and the ensuing expansion of the city this parcel of land was transformed into the municipal crown of New York City. Archaeology has documented the transformation of these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Della Scott-Ireton. Christopher Horrell.

Investigation of archaeological sites in extreme depths is becoming more main-stream, with governmental agencies growing concerned with resource management, academic institutions moving toward teaching the necessary specialized techniques, contract firms developing survey and remote sensing methodologies, and the public recognizing the amazing sites that can be found. In the quest to locate and identify shipwrecks in deep water, we as anthropologists must take care to ensure both archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kerri S. Barile.

Alexander Spotswood had a tough job. Born in Africa and of Scottish descent, he was assigned to be the English Lieutenant Governor of Virginia in 1710. Upon arrival in the colony, he immediately faced opposition from Virginia-born residents. The battles in the House of Burgesses lead Spotswood to acquire the nickname ‘Arrogante’ and gave him a taste for control. As he began to see his position under threat, he purchased a 30,000-acre tract on what was then the Virginia frontier. He named the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James R. Reedy. David Miller. Misty Jackson.

In June 2013, a permit was issued by the State of Michigan and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the preliminary excavation of Site 20UM723 in northern Lake Michigan. The permits were granted after several years of non-disturbance investigations which included remote sensing surveys using a side-scan sonar and cesium magnetometer, and sub-bottom profilers. The lakebed of the site was also physically examined several times by scuba divers. Once excavation commenced, however, the investigators...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Deanna Hamblin.

The discovery of dry stone rock features in the northern hills on the Dutch island of St. Eustatius presented a unique opportunity to investigate four potential former slave villages. After emancipation, these villages were abandoned and have remained virtually undisturbed by eco-tourism. The intact nature of the sites held potential to add significantly to our understanding of slave village design, orientation, and construction on the island. Research for this project began in the summer of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dolores Elkin.

HMS Swift was a British sloop of war that sank in 1770 off the coast of what later became Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. In 1997 the underwater archaeology team of the National Institute of Anthropology took charge of the research of the site, conducting various surveying and excavation seasons in the following years. By 2011 significant progress had been achieved on various research strands of the project and a comprehensive report was published. This presentation will address several issues...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Beverly Straube.

Robert Cotton arrived at Jamestown, Virginia in April 1608 and is recorded by Captain John Smith as being a ‘tobacco-pipe-maker.’ This is the only direct mention of Cotton in the surviving documents although Smith later includes ‘Tabacco-pipe-makers’ in his list of non-essential occupations sent to the colony by the profit-driven Virginia Company. Historians have failed to identify Robert Cotton or determine why he was chosen as one of the first Jamestown colonists. With archival information...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeleine Gunter.

Through much of the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, enslaved African and poor white potters produced redware vessels in eastern parishes across the British Caribbean Island of Barbados. While potters predominantly catered to the burgeoning Barbadian sugar industry, they also produced domestic vessel forms that emerged as key fixtures in local markets. Despite their economic impact, Barbadian potters are archaeologically invisible, largely because the utilitarian wares they produced...

DOCUMENT Citation Only R. James Ringer.

Technology has evolved considerably over the last decade alone and has had a considerable impact on how underwater archaeologists do their work. One of these areas of technological improvement is position fixing: everyone is accustomed to the ease offered by GPS that revolutionized the recording of our spatial environment. This, however, was not always the case. This paper will offer a retrospective on the various methods and techniques of position fixing used and attempted by Parks Canada’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Delphine Léouffre.

Located at Pointe-à-Callière in Montréal, the site hosting the University of Montréal field school for the past decade has delivered a vast collection of Fine English ware from its 19th century occupations. The deposits are very well stratified for this period and offer the possibility to confront our established chrono-typologies. However, because of the site’s spatial organisation it is very difficult to assign this collection to a specific occupation. Instead we decided to treat it as a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Allen Wilson.

Looters, archaeologists, and weather events have done irreparable damage to the Soldier Key wreck (BISC-22, 8Da416) site since the 1970s. Despite previous archaeological investigations, little information and few artifacts from those excavations exist. In the summer of 2012, a team assembled in Biscayne National Park to uncover, map, and photograph the site, as well as collect any remaining diagnostic artifacts. Despite the paucity of cultural material remaining, diagnostic features of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alicia Hawkins. Kaitlyn Malleau.

Located north of Orr Lake, Ontario, the Ellery site has been tentatively identified as Scanonaenrat, the principle village of the Tahontaenrat (Deer Nation) of the Wendat confederacy. Recent excavations by Laurentian University field schools have demonstrated that the site is multi-component; a mid-seventeenth century village was built in about the same location as a Wendat settlement that is about one hundred years older. In this paper we compare faunal remains from the two occupations with the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jillian Galle.

Identifying children’s activities in the archaeological record is a difficult task. Enslaved children are especially elusive; forced to labor at a young age, their access to toys and time to play were limited. While archaeological contexts of slavery do produce children’s toys, the quantities in which they are found are too small to meaningfully support arguments about children’s roles in any given society. Looking for the remains of children’s work, however, can provide critical insight into...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelly Gleason.

In June of 2012, a team of NOAA divers were conducting marine debris surveys and came across an exciting discovery ‘ a sunken World War II aircraft in the Midway Atoll lagoon. NOAA maritime archaeologists followed up with archaeological survey at the site in July of 2012 as part of a broader maritime heritage survey of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. The team documented the site and determined its identity as a Brewster F2A-3 Buffalo lost during a squall in February of 1942. This is the third...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth Veyrat.

From 1999 to 2008, an underwater archaeological excavation has been carried away, by French Ministry of Culture DRASSM and the ADRAMAR association, on two French Frigates sunk off St. Malo (France). One has been identified as the Dauphine, a light frigate built for privateering in the royal dockyard of Le Havre (1703) and sunk on December 1704. The other is known as the Aimable Grenot, a large frigate built in Granville for a private ship-owner (1747), armed for privateering then for trade...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay Swinarton.

This paper examines Inuit food practices during the late 18th century communal house phase in northern Labrador, a period in which the Inuit had increasingly permanent contact with Moravian missionaries and other Europeans. With the establishment of the first mission station in Nain in 1771, the Moravian presence impacted Inuit subsistence practices in a multitude of ways, by fostering an increased importance on cod fishing, an increased economic value for fox pelts, and a disruption to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard K. Wills. Andrew T. Pietruszka.

For nearly 20 years, the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command (JPAC) and its Central Identification Laboratory (CIL) have conducted forensic archaeological activities on submerged aircraft wreck sites. This work is undertaken for the ultimate purpose of recovering and identifying the remains of unaccounted for U.S. Military service members, and is world-wide in its scope. Over these years, JPAC and the CIL have had to confront challenges that have included: developing a structured program for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Rodning. David Moore. Robin Beck.

Between 1566 and 1568, after 50 years of Spanish exploration in southeastern North America, Captain Juan Pardo succeeded at establishing six forts and related settlements in the Carolinas and eastern Tennessee. Fort San Juan and the town of Cuenca formed his principal outpost at the northern edge of the Spanish colonial province of La Florida. The archaeological remnants of Fort San Juan, Cuenca, and the native host community of Joara are located at the Berry site, in western North Carolina....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Derek Miller.

Studies of diasporic peoples often highlight their global connections. Moreover, diasporic peoples are always dispersed from somewhere. However, despite this emphasis on global connections and movement away from a homeland, diasporic peoples also create particular places in local settings. These places play an important role in the maintenance of diasporic cultural traditions and identity. In the 1650s a group of Jews arrived on the English island of Barbados and established a small...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Williams.

Colonial Williamsburg has one of the longest continuously running archaeological conservation programs in North America. This program provides a unique laboratory in which to examine both historic and present day intersections between archaeology and conservation, to consider the inherent tensions and synergies between the two fields and to look at the ways they both contribute to the creation and understanding of history. Using a retrospective approach, this paper will examine the interactions...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tracy Jenkins. Stefan Woehlke.

Since 2011, Archaeology in Annapolis has been researching a free African American neighborhood known as The Hill in Easton, Maryland, that was established before 1790. At the invitation of local community members, archaeologists were brought into the project to work with local residents and scholars from Morgan State University conducting documentary, oral, and architectural history. The goal is to use research and the remembrances of the past to promote community preservation and development...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Croucher.

In understanding the archaeology of nineteenth century African American New Englanders, although some studies have targeted smaller, rural, sites, archaeologists and historians have tended to focus on communities in the largest New England cities, much less attention has been paid to smaller urban centers. However, for the first generations of emancipated New Englanders, smaller urban centers clearly exerted a significant draw. Middletown, Connecticut, was home to a growing community of African...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ashley M. Morton.

Although douching paraphernalia is increasingly recognized in scholarly articles and CRM reports it continues to be underrepresented and under discussed. Given the private nature of this non-display good, some form of taboo meaning among archaeologists and material culture studies have taken place. Yet this complex behavior, still common among American women today, provides a unique case study for archaeologists to explore women’s past lived experiences of health and illness and the motivations...

DOCUMENT Citation Only George Avery. Tom Middlebrook. Morris K. Jackson.

The piney woods area of El Camino Real de los Tejas, spanning from Natchitoches, Louisiana to Crockett, Texas is an area characterized by multi-cultural interaction under generally peaceful conditions during the middle to late 18th century’this would change after the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. The French in Louisiana had established economic and social relations with the Spanish and various American Indian groups in Texas during the 18th century and identifying French pottery in the piney...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John de Bry. Chuck Meide.

16th century France was a vigorous, expansionist nation emerging from feudalism and dreaming of empire. Spain, the world's leading power, already had a foothold in the Americas, and France wanted a share of the riches. After a first attempt, France assembled a more powerful expedition in May 1565. Shortly after they arrived in Florida, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés' fleet appeared and challenged the French. What followed led to the loss of the French fleet and the founding of St. Augustine, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rob Mann.

During the late 18th century several hundred Canary Islanders (Isleños) were relocated to a remote village at the very edge of Spanish Louisiana. Recent archaeological investigations at the site of this village, known as Galveztown, are beginning to reveal the complex social processes at work on the Spanish frontier. Due to restrictive Spanish economic policies, grounded in a weak and contradiction-riddled mercantilism, the Isleños had very little control over the materiality of their daily...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Birgitta Wallace.

According to David Anthony (1990), the first stages of all long-distance migrations follow a leapfrogging pattern. Merchants, trappers, mercenaries and craft specialists create an “island” form of settlement in suitable locations separated by large stretches of land. The early French habitations reflected such a leapfrogging, exploratory settlement pattern, indicative of their exploitive and competitive nature. Settlements consisted of habitations in widely scattered coastal locations. Their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amy Borgens.

In 1684, as part of preparations for a French expedition to the Mississippi River in the Gulf of Mexico, King Louis XIV granted Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle 400 firearms in addition to other weapons and supplies. These arms, though important as a means of defense or food procurement, were intended for another purpose as well - a campaign to wrest regional silver mines in northern Coahuila from Spanish control. Fragmentary and complete artifacts recovered from the hull of La Salle’s vessel...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melissa Darby.

The Drake Anchorage Research Collaboration (DARC) is revisiting the question of where on the west coast of North America Drake and Company careened the Golden Hinde and camped for five weeks during the summer of 1579. Though Drake’s logs and charts are lost, we have several contemporary accounts and documents that provide a picture of conditions at the landing. Drake and company built an enclosed camp on the shore and spent 37 days repairing their ship and preparing for the voyage across the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean Bélisle.

De l’abandon au naufrage; le cas du PS Lady Sherbrooke Entre 1983 et 1993 le Comité d’histoire et d’archéologie subaquatique du Québec a fouillé l’épave du vapeur PS Lady Sherbrooke (1817). André Lépine et moi-même avons présenté les résultats de ce projet ici même en 2000. Les années ont passé, André Lépine est décédé et le projet s’est retrouvé sur la glace. Maintenant près de 30 ans après le début de la fouille une relecture des données a révélé tout un pan de l’histoire qui nous avait ...