Paper / Report Submission (General Sessions) 2016

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin P. Riggs.

This paper considers the many diverse functions and meanings of flora within the lives of two American immigrant families—the Birys, a family of Alsatian immigrants living in Castroville, Texas and the Domotos, a family of Japanese immigrants living in Oakland, California. Drawing evidence from the archaeological record, modern built landscapes, oral history interviews, and written histories, I demonstrate that plant life played a central role in these families’ struggles to create livable...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elaine Wyatt. John C Pollack.

There are few sites more remote or environments more hostile than the mostly abandoned diamond fields of the southern Namib Desert. This is the Sperrgebiet, declared the Forbidden Zone by the German colonial administration in 1908 and still forbidden to this day. It’s 26,000 km2 of industrial debris and a few sand-drenched settlements. Our goal was to produce a comprehensive map of the town of Pomona, abandoned in 1928, and nearby mining camp Stauch’s Lager in as little time in the field as...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anatolijs Venovcevs.

While the nineteenth century transformed North America through explosive growth in industrialization and consumerism, growth in Newfoundland, one of Europe’s oldest overseas colonies, was constrained by its harsh climate. Much like in centuries earlier, industrial-era Newfoundlanders continued to rely on its one fickle and seasonal resource – cod. To mitigate the erratic nature of this aquatic mono-crop, many rural Euro-Newfoundlanders participated in a form of transhumance spending up to six or...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Melissa Frederick.

Archaeologists have studied bone, shell, and glass beads for several decades, in search of their meaning among Native American cultures. The significance of these small artifacts among the Cherokee is evident in their mythology, personal adornment, and rituals. Thus, they represent an integral part of Cherokee cultural identity. Previous archaeological research at 40GN9, linked to the sixteenth-century Cherokee town of Canasoga located in Tennessee, demonstrated the predominantly shell beads...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shaun Richey.

Organized in 1863, the Cortez Mining District is located in central Nevada and was an early silver producer.  The mining technology employed at Cortez included the Washoe and Reese River pan amalgamation processes, the Russell leaching process, cyanide leaching, and oil flotation.  Cortez was also the proving grounds for the cyanide heap leaching that began in the late 1960’s and has since spread throughout the world.  New milling technology, once brought into the district, was subject to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Chelsea R. Freeland.

The Civil War shipwreck Modern Greece serves as an example in the development of a theoretical model to analyze value as a means of interpreting shipwreck and cargo abandonment. This model outlines a set of multiple hypotheses to test the economic and utilitarian values associated with the abandonment of a large volume of blockade-runner cargo from this vessel. This project identifies the possibilities for expanding this theoretical framework to address the abandonment of shipwrecks, cargos, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlin N. Zant.

Anecdotally, divers report metal shipwrecks throughout the Great Lakes are deteriorating at a much faster rate than in the past. This accelerated deterioration has been attributed to invasive muscle colonization on submerged resources, but has never been systematically measured. The development and use of new 3D modeling technologies, such as Structure from Motion (SfM), provides the opportunity to analyze these changes in an innovative and analytic way. Using the SS Wisconsin as a testing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kelli Casias.

One unintended consequence of the Prohibition Era in the U.S. was an unorganized but national collective social resistance movement based in individual civil disobedience.  Recent research into the town of Anaconda, Montana during alcohol prohibition has revealed that men and women participated in moonshining activities. Comparison of male and female offenders in Anaconda indicated that the informal economy in which alcohol resided, was formalized by city officials as a legitimate economic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David J Mather.

Fort Snelling, built in 1820 at the confluence of the Minnesota and Mississippi rivers, was the first National Historic Landmark designated in Minnesota, and among the state’s first listings in the National Register. The site of the frontier fort was the focus of a grassroots historic preservation effort in the 1950s, leading to large-scale archaeological excavation and reconstruction. Historical designations and programming have focused on the fort’s military history, extending from the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Hess. Vid Petrovic. Dominique Rissolo. Falko Kuester.

Historical structures can pose great challenges when attempting to uncover their past and preserve their future. Centuries of damages induced by continued use, settling and natural disasters have impacted these structures, each of which have the potential to hinder their response to future events.  This paper presents a methodological approach that utilizes technologies like laser scanning, photogrammetry, thermal imaging and ground penetrating radar in order to generate a holistic, layered...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alberto E Nava Blank. Roberto R Chavez. Alejandro E Alvarez. Vid Petrovic. Dominique Rissolo. James C. Chatters. Joaquin Arroyo. Pilar Luna Erreguerena.

The submerged cave chamber of Hoyo Negro contains a diverse assemblage of human and faunal skeletal remains dating to the Late Pleistocene. Many of the represented animals became extinct at least 10,000 YBP. The human skeleton is that of a young girl who ventured into the cave at least 12,000 YBP. Most of these deposits are extraordinarily well preserved. Detailed recording of this chamber is difficult, as the site is completely dark and at maximum depth of 57m. Over the past two years, the team...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan J Bradley.

At the dawn of the 20th century, a revival swept the ports of New England ushering in an era of wooden shipbuilding not seen on the Atlantic coast since the Civil War.  These vessels, schooner rigged for the coastal trade, were built for bulk, ferrying cargo from southern ports and the Caribbean to the industrial powerhouses of Boston and New York.  A builder, based in Mystic, Connecticut, joined in and produced a number of vessels that shared more than the same port of origin; nearly half met...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kellie J. Bowers.

This research furthers our understanding of colonial-Native relations by identifying and analyzing artifacts that indicate interaction between Native Americans and English settlers in Plymouth Colony collections. This project explores the nature of these interactions, exposing material culture’s role in both social and economic exchanges. Selected 17th-century collections were excavated in modern Plymouth, Massachusetts, and nearby Marshfield and Kingston. My examination includes identifying...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John J. Knoerl. T. Kurt Knoerl.

A detailed map entitled "Posts of the Canadian Fur Trade" was included in the fourth edition of the Atlas of Canada.  Over 800 fur trade locations spanning the years 1600-1800 were noted on the map along with the company affiliation, and duration of operation.  A quick glance at the map shows how this important aspect of the French and British colonial economies spanned the continent’s northern regions and consequently its aboriginal inhabitants.  Forty-one years later little is known about the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dudley Gardner. William Gardner.

A.Dudley Gardner and William Gardner In north central Mongolia the Buryats (Buriad) herders build log cabins for homes. While different from nineteenth century log cabins built in the American West, there are similarities. As part of our analysis we noted that the proximity of houses to corrals in both northern Mongolia, Montana, and Wyoming are similar enough to one another that choices on how to utilize space in herding cultures may be based on economic and environmental considerations that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Meierhoff.

In the latter half of the 19th Century, the ancient Maya ruined city Tikal was briefly reoccupied.  The frontier village was established some time before 1875, and had a maximum population of 15 households comprised of at least three distinct Maya speaking groups.  However, the site was again abandoned when archaeologists visited Tikal in 1881.  Most of the inhabitants were reportedly said to be Yucatec refugees fleeing the violence and upheavals of the Caste War of Yucatan (1847-1901) that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly Pyszka. Kalen McNabb. Maureen Hays.

Constructed in 1707, the foundational remains of the St. Paul’s Parish parsonage provide a rare opportunity to study an early colonial residence in South Carolina. Based on 2010 excavations, the parsonage was believed to be a traditional hall and parlor plan; however, recent excavations revealed that the parsonage likely had an enclosed projecting entrance tower. While this feature was common in mid-to-late-17th-century houses in England, Virginia, and other English colonies, they are very rare...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dena Doroszenko.

There have been many meeting places for Ontario's Parliament throughout the province’s history, including three purpose-built structures prior to the current Legislative building in Toronto known as Queen’s Park. This paper will address the archaeological investigations of these buildings since the Ontario Heritage Trust has recently acquired the archaeological collections. The Trust owns a portion of the First Parliament site and has interest in conserving in situ and interpreting the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristina Whitney.

In the 19th century, ethnographers documented numerous Pueblo groups throughout the American Southwest making and using ceramic flat-backed canteens. These canteens pose unique manufacturing issues due to their shape: they are symmetrical along only one axis due to one flat and one bulbous side, and the closed rim is parallel to the flat side, not perpendicular as is usual. They are also extremely similar in shape to large European canteens, and thus can offer insight to the complex...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charity M. Moore. Matthew Victor Weiss.

Rock piles are some of the most ambiguous features encountered in cultural resource management, encompassing diverse origins and functions (e.g. field clearance cairns, byproducts of road construction, and Native American burials or markers).  A single pile can appear to be consistent with multiple interpretations and each interpretation carries implications for how the rock pile is then recorded (or not recorded) and evaluated against the NRHP criteria.  Drawing on recent fieldwork and case...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bailey E. Berry.

My research records the tasks and methods of everyday production at the Parizek Shell Button cutting station in Central Delaware. In addition, it explores connections to the economy and development of surrounding towns and to the broader national industry. Data were collected through an investigation of the site, research through historical records, and interviews conducted with individuals who have knowledge of the button cutting industry. Data specific to the Parizek Brothers Shell Button...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Ingleman. Nicole Ferguson. Michael Shaw.

In 2015, archaeologists and community members in Flagstaff, Jamaica cooperatively excavated the site of a 19th-century British married soldier’s quarters, located in the former Maroon Town Barracks. Little is known about the identities of the soldiers who occupied these structures, and even less is known about the identities of their wives and families. The excavations sought to understand how the site’s former inhabitants enacted and contested their ethnic and gender identities through the use...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Whitson. Rebekah Montgomery. Zachary Critchley.

The 1840’s witnessed an influx of immigrants flocking into the United States in search of economic opportunity and stability. The Biry family, along with several other Alsatian families, followed suit in 1844. They established the town of Castroville, Texas and continue to celebrate their Alsatian heritage today. While they did find opportunities within Texas, they were also forced to engage in negotiations of national, ethnic, and class identities. This paper reflects on these negotiations by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel S. Tracey.

Existing sectarian divides in Northern Ireland are still perceived to originate from the 17th century expansion of British colonial control into Ireland, most resolutely seen in the atrocities of the Northern Irish Conflict, or ‘the Troubles’.  However an explosion of urban historical excavations in recent years has illuminated an archaeological record that appears to contradict dominant political powerhouses and rhetoric. Archaeological investigations throughout the former transatlantic port...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Huguette Lamontagne. Allison L Bain. Pierre Francus. Geneviève Treyvaud.

In Quebec City, the local earthenware ceramic industry began around 1636 with the production of both bricks and pottery. While post excavation visual examination and comparison with established earthenware typologies often suggest European productions, we propose a microscopic examination using archaeometric analyses in order to identify the presence of local wares. A collection of 52 earthenware sherds from four sites in the region was selected for analysis. Tomodensitometry (CT-scanning) and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charles Moore.

Archaeological investigations of the seabed within Esquimalt Harbour and in advance of extensive seabed remediation have revealed archaeological evidence of human activity over millennia.  Testing methodologies have included testing between the upper inter-tidal area and the subtidal areas to about 10 m water depth.  Evidence of precontact use on landsurfaces that may have been exposed 7,000 years previously have included fragments of basketry.  The port has been well known for the last 150...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Victor.

Frontier spaces are busy, dynamic zones of meeting, and change, yet often in the realm of research and preservation, these locales are given peripheral attention in favor of more well-established metropoles. I examine two sites: Smuttynose Island, in the Isles of Shoals, Maine, and Highland City, Montana. Thanks to the efforts of the Smuttynose Island Steward Program and the United States Forest Service (especially the Passport in Time Program), these two frontier resource-extraction communities...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kimberly P Kenyon.

In the ongoing excavation of archaeological site 31CR314 (Blackbeard’s flagship Queen Anne’s Revenge), approximately 3,000 concretions have been raised as of Fall 2014.  With a plan for complete recovery, and considering that an estimated 60% of the site has been excavated so far, over 5,000 concretions could eventually be recovered.  With the substantial amount of conservation to be done and only 2 full-time conservators, a plan for how to proceed through the collection was needed.  Over the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn Ness. Carl Halbirt.

For decades, Cultural Resource Management (CRM) projects have yielded a wealth of information and artifacts. While some of these projects have been incorporated into academic research, many remain unstudied and unpublished. The situation is especially problematic in municipal and small-scale archaeology programs that are constrained by time, logistics, and budgetary considerations. Fortunately, students are in a prime position to help remedy the issue by working with such programs. The...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiffany C. Cain. Elias Chi Poot. Secundino Cahum Balam.

As a framework, collaborative archaeology forefronts reciprocity and shared knowledge as primary components of archaeological work. Historical archaeology has long been concerned with public engagement but continually tends toward the model of an expert archaeologist beneficently bestowing knowledge about "their history" on curious or concerned publics rather than toward reciprocal partnerships. If we are to consider the future of the field, we should be rethinking the role archaeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amber J Grafft-Weiss.

Kingsley Plantation, a Second Spanish Period site located on Fort George Island in Jacksonville, Florida, has seen various excavations over the course of the past six decades. In addition to an intensive focus on the interiors of slave cabins, the investigation of which allows interpretation of private and personal spaces, yards around the cabins have been examined in order to better understand those areas that operate as both personal and public. Yards provided the settings for activities tied...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Eric Deetz.

By the early nineteenth century the game of cricket had gone through a major transformation.  In the eighteenth century it was it a game played mostly by the landed gentry with all of the associated drinking and gambling. By 1800 it had become a game played by common people and had come to represent a less decadent way of life as espoused by idea of Muscular Christianity.  The British took both the game and this ideology with them throughout their colonies.  This paper examines the physical and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James A Smailes. Steven Anthony. Dennis Knepper. David Shaw. Thomas Berkey.

The Maritime Archaeological and Historical Society (MAHS) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the protection of historic shipwrecks and other underwater cultural resources. Since 2010 MAHS has been assisting the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) with an assessment of cultural resources on Pickles Reef, a small coral reef located within the sanctuary just south of Molasses Reef.  Our initial surveys suggested that the site was a barge that carried cement for Henry Flagler’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Alston Bridges.

The twentieth century, the formative period of historical archaeology, is marked by an ideological shift from the fervent consumerism and industrialism of the nineteenth century, towards a growing institutional concern for the nation’s finite natural and historical resources. A focused case study of twentieth century railroad stations highlights various themes pertinent to the discussion of the role of historical archaeology in the Historic Preservation Movement, which focuses on preservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandra T. Parker.

The Fairfax County Park Authority’s museum standards and use of technology has changed over the years and we are currently reevaluating and improving our archaeology collections care. In spirit of this conference we are making a call to action: we are stressing to those working in archaeology collections the importance of good collections management. Without good collections management, field work, cataloging, researching, and artifacts can lose their original meaning, be insufficiently cared...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dominique Rissolo. James C. Chatters. Joaquin Arroyo-Cabrales. Alberto E Nava Blank. Blaine Schubert. H. Gregory McDonald. Pilar Luna Erreguerena.

In addition to a nearly complete human skeleton dating to the Late Pleistocene, the submerged cave site of Hoyo Negro contains a diverse and well preserved assemblage of extinct and extant fauna from the Yucatan Peninsula. Recent and on-going investigations have focused on the documentation, sampling, and partial recovery of select specimens for description and analysis. Of particular interest are bears of the genus Tremarctos, a yet unnamed megalonychid ground sloth, cougars (Puma concolor),...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Schwemmer.

During the recent field season in Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, and off the Golden Gate entrance near San Francisco Bay, several new shipwrecks were discovered. They included the passenger steamship S.S. City of Rio de Janeiro, referred to as the "Titanic of the Golden Gate" due to the high loss of life and the passenger steamship S.S. City of Chester also lost near the Golden Gate after a collision with the steamship RMS Oceanic. Off Point Reyes, the Norwegian tramp...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brandi Carrier. Antti Pulkkinen. Michael Heinz.

Strong magnetic field perturbations resulting from Earth-directed solar events can adversely affect marine archaeological survey. The immediate onset of geomagnetic storms and fast compression of the magnetopause create short duration, high amplitude spikes in Earth’s magnetic field that appear similar to signatures of archaeological anomalies. Aggressive processing, analysis, and comparison of single instrument survey and observatory datasets collected during geomagnetic storms prevented...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacy L Bumback.

A diverse team of spotters and archaeologists were assembled to assist Snohomish County with the site stabilization efforts following the massive landslide that occured March 2014 in Oso, Washington.  This three month project focused on the recovery of human remains and personal items from the 300,000 cubic yards of search and rescue piles that were created during search and recovery immediately following the slide. The community was intimately involved in every aspect of the project and their...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brenda Altmeier.

 Navigational markers are prominent reminders of our country’s maritime heritage. In 1789 the Lighthouse Act was one of several laws the first congress passed to regulate and encourage trade and commerce of the new world. Shipping routes today are much like the historical routes used during discovery and colonization of the new world. Many maritime heritage resources in the Florida Keys Sanctuary are a result of complications along these historical shipping routes. Shipwrecks in the Florida Keys...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Malette.

Analysis of a medicine bottle assemblage excavated from a former Detroit household in Roosevelt Park acts as a starting point for discussing the material and social world of health and hygiene, and the dual role that patent medicine played in the lives of people at the turn of the 20th-century as both a remedy and poison. Drawing upon the history of pharmacy, a combination of artifact-based analysis and archival documentary evidence reveals patterns of medicinal consumption for the property’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott K. Parker.

Little Antietam Creek, Inc. (LACI) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to educate people of all ages about archaeological and historic research through hands on teaching.  Since 2012 we have been excavating the remains of an 18th-century house on the Stoner Farm near Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. The excavations have been conducted entirely by volunteers, students and interns with professional supervision. Our approach has been successful in introducing numerous school children and adults...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert.

This paper presents results from the first excavations on the Saintes Bay’s wreck. The site was discovered in the 1990’s but no archaeological survey or excavation took place apart from a DRASSM expertise in 2002. Known by several divers the site was partially looted but has not been totally destroyed. The wreck may be Anemone a French schooner built in 1823 in Bayonne and used as a custom ship in Guadeloupe. Anemone patrolled the coast in order to prevent illegal trade, in particular the slave...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark U. Wilde-Ramsing. David J. Bernstein. Chris W. Freeman. Benjamin J. Sumners.

In 2006, the NC Department of Cultural Resources/Underwater Archaeology Branch and the US Army Corps of Engineers undertook an experimental project by placing a mound ofdredge spoil sediments on the updrift side of the Queen Anne’s Revenge shipwreck site. This experiment was designed to promote site preservation and decrease exposure of subaqueous cultural artifacts. A series of high-resolution multibeam sonar surveys were conducted to quantify and monitor the morphology of the sediment mound...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Todd H. Ahlman.

Signaling theory is becoming a common tool in the interpretation of slave-era households in the United States and Caribbean. As a heuristic tool, signaling theory’s effectiveness lies in its ability to provide insight into the differential consumption and disposal habits of past populations. This paper addresses not only consumer and disposal habits, but also commodity exchange and personal networks to place the material culture of enslaved and freed Africans from the Caribbean island of St....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Abigail K Kindler.

In the summer of 2011, Lindenwood University began excavating in the Femme Osage Creek Valley in St. Charles County, Missouri. Near to the Historic Nathaniel Boone Home, a hidden 19th century homestead site has been found with the remains of numerous buildings, as well as a two-lane drive. The property also includes a stone well, middens, and evidence of domesticated plants. One of the main hypotheses of this site is the possibility of the self-sufficiency of the homestead. This would not have...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathan W Fulmer. Jessica Irwin.

For over 40 years, SCIAA’s Maritime Research Division has championed efforts to preserve and protect South Carolina's maritime archaeological heritage through research, management, and public education and outreach.  The state's Hobby Diver License Program is a unique partnership between researchers and divers that combines management of underwater sites and submerged cultural material through licensing with a robust public education and outreach component.   In addition to outlining the MRD’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James D. Spirek. Daniel M. Brown.

In 2014, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Office of Renewable Energy Program (BOEM) signed a Cooperative Agreement with the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium to explore potential Wind Energy Areas (WEA) offshore South Carolina’s portion of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). The aim of the project is to conduct geophysical and archaeological survey of seafloor 11-16 miles offshore North Myrtle Beach and Winyah Bay to explore the possibility of developing future WEAs. The project consists...

DOCUMENT Citation Only C. Andrew Buchner. Eric Albertson.

The Keeton Site is a 50-x-50 m mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth century farmstead site located near Russellville in the Arkansas Valley Hills ecoregion.  During 2014, the site was the subject of  a Phase III data recovery project, with work includng documenting a partly collapsed frame residence, and the hand excavation of 270.5 m2 of site deposits. This paper will discuss the results of this multi-disciplinary study at the ca. 1860 farmstead of  Zachariah Keeton (1816–1908), a Tennessean who...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Lewis.

     Last summer the Sapelo Island Cultural Resource Survey (SICRS) investigated the north end of Sapelo Island for archaeological sites that are threatened by both nature and man.  This area was inhabited by native peoples from the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 BP) up until the Spanish Mission Period. Later european settlement divided the island up into plantations and estates, two of which occupied the north end of the island until the Civil War. In the 1920’s Sapelo became a private retreat...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin C Wells.

ABSTRACT: With its headwaters in Alabama and terminus in Blackwater Bay, the Blackwater River is the major river of Santa Rosa County, Florida. For centuries this river has played an integral role in the development of northwest Florida as the primary avenue for transporting resources, goods, and people in and out of the interior of this area. In 2013 the Bagdad Waterfronts Florida Partnership, Inc., contacted Florida Public Archaeology Network (FPAN) Northwest Region office seeking assistance...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan B Veness.

The Old Colchester Park and Preserve, located in southern Fairfax County, Virginia consists of approximately 145 acres along the Occoquan River.  This natural and cultural resource Park was acquired by Fairfax County Park Authority in 2006.  Located within the Park along the Occoquan River was the ca. 1754-1830 tobacco port town of Colchester.  Systematic and targeted testing over the past four years by Colchester Archaeology Research Team (CART) has yielded numerous artifacts and features. ...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laurel Seaborn. Calvin Mires.

Through hands-on experiences on the North Shore of Massachusetts, college students and adults learned the basics in maritime archaeology during a field school program in the summer of 2015. Led by SEAMAHP (Seafaring Education and Maritime Archaeological Heritage Programs), the field school examined the "life-cycle" of a vessel, from its inception to its "after life" by exploring a working traditional shipyard, examining a floating tall ship and mapping shipwrecks on the foreshore. This unique...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua L. Marano. Lee Pape.

Since the fall of the Batista regime during the Cuban Revolution of 1959 more than one million Cubans have fled the country seeking protection and opportunities as political refugees. While many of these refugees traveled to the United States by more traditional means, many others desperate to flee the nation took to sea in improvised watercraft to attempt to cross the Straits of Florida. These craft, which greatly vary in size, construction, and technology are often found cast ashore and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher Eck.

As we prepare to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the NHPA, it is worth remembering that a nearly forgotten federal law established the first federal battlefield parks a mere 25 years after the end of the Civil War and placed federal authority and protection over cultural resources – the "Act to establish a National Military Park at the Battlefield of Chickamauga" of 1890 and the subsequent related statutes, such as the Military Parks Act of 1897. This paper explores this law, its early...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Monroe. Katie Simon.

The royal palace of Sans Souci anchored elite attempts to inculcate royal power and authority in the Kingdom of Haiti, a fledgling state that emerged out of the turmoil of the Haitian Revolution. Despite the role this site has played in the production of historical memory in Haiti, negligible archaeological work has been carried out to study building chronology and the organization of space at Sans Souci. In the summer of 2015, an international team from the University of California, Santa Cruz,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicholas Smits.

Recent archaeological investigations at Joint Base Lewis-McChord in western Washington state have confirmed the location of Tlithlow (site 45PI492), a Puget’s Sound Agricultural Company (PSAC) outstation that operated between circa 1847 and 1858.  As a subsidiary of the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC), the PSAC supplied agricultural products to HBC posts and promoted British settlement of territory that was jointly occupied by Great Britain and the United States until 1846.  After the boundary...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David M Markus.

The Block Family Farmstead in Washington, Arkansas represents the first Jewish immigrant family to the state and is the most extensively excavated Jewish Diaspora site in North America, dating to the first half of the 19th Century. The site gives unique insight into the domestic practices of a Jewish family in absence of an ecclesiastical support network or coreligionist community. In particular, a pit feature adjacent to the home may indicate the manner in which the Block family transgressed...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael B Thomin.

Unearthing Florida is a radio program designed to enhance the public’s understanding and appreciation of Florida’s archaeological heritage.  This program was created following the 14 year success of the Unearthing Pensacola radio program broadcast on NPR member station WUWF 88.1. The creation of Unearthing Florida was made possible through a partnership between WUWF Public Media and the Florida Public Archaeology Network. Over 100 episodes have been produced since this program was first launched...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jose L Casaban.

During the 16th century, Spain created an empire whose territories spanned Europe, America, and Asia. The most renowned ocean-going vessel employed by the Spanish during this period was the galleon. However, our knowledge of galleons is limited due to inaccuracies in their contemporaneous representations and the absence of archaeological evidence. This paper uses the Twelve Apostles, a series of newly-designed Spanish galleons built between 1589 and 1591, to bridge the gaps in our current state...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Crystal L. Ptacek. Katelyn M. Coughlan.

Over the past thirty years, archaeologists at Monticello have excavated portions of the lawns located on opposite sides of Thomas Jefferson’s home. To date, no comprehensive synthesis of the archaeological data from these excavations has been conducted.  Because of the varied tasks undertaken in the structures adjacent to these yards, the areas on the North and South side of the mansion were functionally different. Comparative stratigraphic and ware-type analysis aim to expose stratigraphic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joyce H. Steinmetz.

An East Carolina University graduate PhD researcher utilized historical research methods to narrow down the Robert J. Walker’s general location and its key archaeological features for site identification. Interviews with key local wreck divers and commercial bottom fishermen provided local environmental knowledge of unidentified wrecks and fishing gear snags within the general search area. This information was essential input to the remote sensing search planned and executed on the NOAA...

DOCUMENT Citation Only scott hays-strom.

This paper will use two principle models of site formation processes to understand an emerging field of institutional archaeology that of school house archaeology. By using the mining community of Lake Valley, Sierra County, New Mexico, these two models can compare and contrast the social strata and life-cycle of two school houses that shows the history of the community from founding to the closing of the town in 1954. The existing archaeology and features of will be compared and contrasted by...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Shevan E. Wilkin.

In 1891 George Dorsey conducted excavations Ancon, Peru, as archaeology was still a fledgeling discipline, and his conclusions reflect his naïveté of modern field methods to come. He assessed that the remains derived from one community, and classified the burials as elite/non-elite. From what we know today, there were two distinct time periods, between which mortuary practices and material culture changed dramatically. The collection has been repeatedly ignored due to the theorized disappearance...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kira E. Kaufmann.

In 2015, the Indiana Lake Michigan Coastal Management Program expanded efforts to connect the public with historical archaeology and better manage submerged cultural resources. For the first time in the Great Lakes region, a mobile sonar survey was conducted in combination with a diver-directed sonar survey to collect three-dimensional data for four shipwrecks. The resulting compilation of remote sensing technology and 3D animated web modeling provides new information about previously...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lotte E Govaerts.

Many current practices in American archaeology arose from the mid-20th century River Basin Surveys (RBS). These surveys were part of the Inter-Agency Salvage Program, an unprecedentedly large effort to investigate archaeological sites threatened by extensive dam-building projects. RBS researchers studied mostly prehistoric sites, but the work was also a turning point for historical archaeology, especially of the Great Plains and the American West in general. The research priorities of the RBS...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ian Kuijt.

Island village communities are both physically detached from, and connected with, mainland urban and foreign economic communities.   In the context of 19th to 20th century Irish fishing communities, landlords owned entire islands and ran them as economic enterprises.  On the Connemara islands of Inishark, Inishbofin, and Inishturk, tenants often lived in close physical proximity to each other, in villages of a hundred or more people, paying rent to the landlord in exchange for use of stone...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Montserrat A. Osterlye. Juliana Fernandez.

The Presidio Archaeology Lab is in its second year of a long-term research excavation located in the heart of the Presidio of San Francisco, a national historic landmark district and national park. Employing an open-site approach, visitors are invited to witness archaeologists at work and learn about the archaeological process at the site of El Presidio de San Francisco. The project also includes a robust volunteer program for those who wish to be more involved in discovery, offering the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Becca Peixotto.

The Great Dismal Swamp of Virginia and North Carolina was home to disenfranchised Native Americans, enslaved canal company laborers and maroons who lived in the wetlands temporarily and long term ca. 1660-1860.  This paper discusses recent and ongoing research to identify mesic islands, likely sites of maroon occupation, in the interior of the Swamp.  In the past decade, the Great Dismal Swamp Landscape Study (GDSLS) has intensively investigated a few maroon and enslaved labor sites, leaving...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dana E. Best-Mizsak. Annie Tock Morrisette. Ashley Jones.

Since 1998, the Walhain-Saint-Paul Project has connected the next generations of archaeologists on a global scale via a strong partnership between Eastern Illinois University and Belgium’s Archaeological Research Center (UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve).   Through the excavation of our 13th century castle site, we have also engaged the local community, providing them with new ways to understand and protect their heritage.  Our student’s backgrounds encompass a variety of subjects, making this project...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan K Willison.

Site 59-73 is believed, based upon its location and archaeological assemblage, to be the location of several wigwams burned down during the English retreat after the Mystic massacre on May 26, 1637 as described in John Mason’s A Brief History of the Pequot War (1736:32). This village is believed to have been a response to the impeding war with the English. As such, its assemblage and spatial patterning provide a unique perspective into the use and reuse of metallic trade objects during the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David R Carlson.

The populations of many of the sawmill towns scattered across Western Washington state in the early 20th century included a sizable minority of first generation Japanese Americans (Issei). These workers were attracted to the towns by a combination of (relatively) good pay, available work, and sociocultural amenities. But why were town managers willing to hire them? And how might their hiring practices have influenced and been influenced by the Issei themselves? This paper will argue that sawmill...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott R Sorset. Mark A Rees.

The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (ULL) have collaborated to determine the immediate and long-term impacts of an oil spill on cultural resources and archaeological sites in the coastal zone. Nearly five years after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the immediate and long-term impacts of oil and dispersants on cultural resources and archaeological sites remain unknown. Concerns include effects that might diminish or destroy the site’s future...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephanie E. Lechert.

In July 2014, the construction of the Utah Transit Authority’s Depot District Service Center project in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, uncovered foundations and associated cultural materials from the historic Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad train maintenance facilities (42SL718). Initially, the foundations provided far more questions about how the rail facility evolved than they answered. Subsequent monitoring and archaeological data recovery uncovered several incarnations of the rail...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy C. Miller. Patrick H. Morgan. Aaron Brummitt. Quinn-Monique Ogden.

Just several years after the 1670 founding of Charles Towne, occupants of Barbados, England, and France seized opportunities for land and prosperity. By the 1680s, English settlers from Barbados began to settle the area along the Wando River, encroaching on land designated for the remaining indigenous population. Researchers and investigators examining archaeological sites do so with the aim to reconstruct the history about past landscapes.  Inherently, archaeologists assign cultural identity to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria O'Donovan.

Archaeologists have contributed important insights into gender, particularly in relation to the impact of differences in class, race, and ethnicity.  Studies have challenged the relevance of 19th century gender ideals for those outside the middle class and have explored the ways middle class women’s lives defied these ideals.  The picture that has emerged is one that emphasizes the importance of women’s productive labor and the complexities of real lived experience.  The story of one household...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diana Wall. Nan Rothschild. Cynthia R. Copeland. Herbert Seignoret.

From its inception in 1997, the Seneca Village Project has been dedicated to the study of this 19th-century African-American community located in today’s Central Park in New York City. We made this long-term commitment because of the important contribution that we think the project can make to the larger narrative of the US experience.  Seneca Village belies the conventional wisdom that there were  few Africans in the north before the great migration of the 20th century, and that, before...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew A. Beaudoin.

Archaeology is often conducted under the pretense of being to protect archaeological resources for the good of the general public; however, it is not always clear how archaeological excavations and research serve the public interest. There are many examples of how the Canadian public is interested in the archaeological discipline, but the voice of the academic archaeologist is often absent within public discussions of archaeology and history. By conducting a media analysis of how archaeology is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph P Puntasecca.

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and Section 106 process were enacted to ensure that archaeological knowledge is preserved. One problem this creates is that sites with ambiguous associations to particular occupants or events are offered less protection because their significance is also deemed ambiguous. The McDonald Site (12 OR 509) in the Hoosier National Forest is an example of how an ineligible site can still contribute significant information to local and regional histories....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ricardo Borrero Londoño.

Careened to starboard prow remains were uncovered by the landslide of a dune during the hurricanes Mary and Norbert at Cabo Falso, Lower California in August of 2014. Main deposit encompasses floor timbers, ribs, beams, planking, iron fasteners, a capstan, a dead eye, a cleat, a hatchway and steam donkey pinions. Machinery inscriptions, wood taxonomy, architectonical characteristics, site location and documentary sources research, drove to identify the wreck as the four-masted schooner Oliver J...