Society for American Archaeology 81st Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL (2016)

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alice Kehoe.

European imperialism, in league with the Vatican, retained the Church’s political support by accepting its moral imperative to Christianize everyone not in its communion. Thus Columbus was a Crusader, and European international law gave heathen lands to the first Christian nation claiming discovery––the Doctrine of Discovery. Two centuries later, the Earl of Shaftesbury’s employee John Locke wrote treatises justifying his employer’s landlord class enclosing common lands in Britain, extending to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laura Crawford. Claire Alix. Nancy Bigelow.

We examined fuel use practices at Cape Espenberg, Alaska, between 1500 and 1700 CE. We identified charcoal remains from two Thule-era houses of different ages and analyzed our results with univariate statistics. Results suggest that Cape Espenberg’s inhabitants were selective in choosing fuels, and discerned between different woody species, perhaps according to combustion properties. Furthermore, there appears to be a greater reliance on lesser-used fuel types in the younger of the two houses....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colin McEwan.

Andean tupus (cloak pins) recovered from archaeological contexts often have a single perforation in the middle of the head. This suggests that they were connected by a woven cord and worn in pairs, an observation that is corroborated by ethno-historic accounts as well as contemporary ethnography. There are also some surviving examples of miniature tupus connected by miniature woven cords from capac hucha burials. This presentation describes and analyses one such example from the British Museum...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Brewer.

From the late 19th century to the present, Pueblo potters created ceramic tiles for sale to museums, tourists, and trading posts. Analysis of historic ceramic tiles from collections at the School for Advanced Research and the Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, both in Santa Fe, show a pattern for the tiles based on comparisons of tile dimensions, including length, width, and diameter, and tile decorations with the cultural affiliation of the artist, the artist themselves, and the decade in which...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julien Hiquet. Eva Lemonnier. Julio Cotom.

Since 2011, a program of surveying and mapping together with a series of more than 80 test pits have been conducted during four field seasons around the monumental epicenter of Naachtun, over a large residential area covering approximately 175 ha. These programs resulted in an accurate map of constructed and empty spaces, and in a relatively complete sequence of the site's occupation, from the very onset of the Early Classic to the Terminal Classic. The first objective of these investigations is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Ebert. Nancy Peniche May. Jaime Awe. Brendan Culleton. Douglas Kennett.

Understanding the settlement and growth of ancient communities into spatially, demographically, and socio-politically complex polities is one of several critical research issues in Maya archaeology. The major polity of Cahal Pech, located in the Belize River Valley, provides a unique case study for understanding the development of complexity because of its long occupational history, from the Early Preclassic (~1200-1000 cal BC) until the Terminal Classic Period Maya “collapse” (~cal AD 800-900)....

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Kappelman. Lawrence Todd. Neil Tabor. Mulugeta Feseha. Marvin Kay.

We present data from open-air MSA sites situated along the trunk tributaries of the Blue Nile River in the lowlands of NW Ethiopia that provide information about the behaviors of anatomically modern Homo sapiens in the Horn near the time of its movement out of Africa. The diverse fauna includes mammals, reptiles, birds, and fish from a wide range of body sizes. Stone raw materials include cryptocrystalline quartz and basalt cobbles, both found on the local gravel bars and in exposed basalt...

DOCUMENT Citation Only S. Joey LaValley.

This poster reports on results from 25,745 contiguous acres of pedestrian survey in southern Steptoe Valley and the Schell Creek Range of east-central Nevada. An extensive Class III cultural resource inventory conducted in 2014 and 2015 by EnviroSystems Management, Inc., resulted in the recordation of 285 new sites, seven previously documented sites, and 386 isolated artifacts/features. These resources span the entirety of human occupation in the Great Basin. Sites include Paleoindian, Archaic,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Goldstein.

The expansion of Tiwanaku civilization is the earliest example of large-scale demographic colonization under an Andean state. Between the 7th to 11 centuries CE, household, mortuary and settlement archaeology attest to large migrant populations of altiplano Tiwanaku cultural affiliation who established permanent residence and governance in the western oasis valleys of Moquegua, Locumba, Sama, Caplina and Azapa. However the regional historical context of this demographic colonization is not...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah Zanotto. Jaime Awe.

Recent archaeological investigations in western Belize have recovered evidence for the representation of Tlaloc imagery in the iconographic record of this sub-region of the Maya lowlands. In Central Mexican Civilizations, Tlaloc represented the important rain deity, equivalent, in many ways, to Cha’ac in the Maya area. In the case of western Belize, Tlaloc imagery appears to become increasingly popular at the end of the Classic period, and is depicted on a variety of mediums, including stucco...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Paul Martin. Blair Tormey.

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results can factor into the decision to excavate in the search for a clandestine grave. Most published research and case studies focus on the successful location and recovery of human remains, while relatively few examples have been published showing negative results. This presentation highlights a cold case where the data interpretation led to excavation, but did not produce the target sought. Information from a confidential informant led investigators to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Danny Zborover. Aaron Sonnenschein.

The quaint and seemingly static Oaxacan Chontal villages, tucked away in the highlands of southern Mexico, conceal behind a long history of population movements and resettlement. For the last five centuries and more, entire communities migrated and changed places as an adaptive response to intricate ecological, economic, political, and social factors. While the dispersed settlement pattern largely ‘fused’ together in the 16th century colonial congregations, many other communities went through a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Bletzer.

The roughly 200 years from the Coronado expedition to the reoccupation of the Tiwa pueblo of Sandia (Na-fiat, Tuf Shur Tia) in the 1740s brought unprecedented challenges on two of the largest Puebloan groups, the southern Tiwas and their neighbors, the Piros. Although impact from Spanish encounters and other stressors varied, Piro and Tiwa pueblos were dramatically reduced in number at the time of the Pueblo Revolt of 1680. Decades after the Revolt, the Tiwa pueblos of Isleta (Tue-I) and Sandia...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elisabeth Rareshide.

Many archaeologists have studied religious identity in Native American populations. Tongva sites such as Lemon Tank and Big Dog Cave on the plateau of San Clemente Island provide a rich source of data on Tongva ritual practices. Collections from these sites include ritual avian and canid burials along with caches of seeds, beads, and ritually "killed" objects. Existing research has focused on connecting the archaeological record to the historical and ethnographic record to identify the rituals...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jessica Watson. Jack Rossen.

The Myers Farm site is located on a hill ten miles east of Cayuga Lake, central New York. It is a small mid-15th century Cayuga farmstead and feasting ground identified by a midden approximately ten meters in diameter. A large roasting pit, hearth features, and storage pits contained animal bone, including worked tools and food debris. This paper describes a preliminary faunal analysis of selected features. Recovered fauna include a generous range of local species, including mammals, birds,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jay Taylor.

The purpose of this poster is to discuss the analysis of tools found at Hanna’s Town, and to determine the nature of the various tasks performed by its residents, as well as the town’s economic conditions. This study aims to answer the following research questions: (1.) What kinds of tools are present at Hanna’s Town and what tasks are they associated with? (2.) Does the spatial arrangement of these artifacts reveal any information about where these tasks took place? (3.) Are there any...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karina Gerdau-Radonic. Jelle DeFrancq.

Changes in political, economic and social organisation may affect diet and access to resources, and consequently dental health. This study aimed to assess the dental health of two populations from Peru and to establish differences over time. Caries, Linear Enamel Hypoplasia (LEH), ante-mortem tooth loss (AMTL), and calculus were recorded for Tablada de Lurín (TL; 1 AD – 200 AD) and for Pueblo Viejo (PV; 1476 AD – 1534 AD). Frequencies were examined in order to assess sex and inter- population...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carole Nash.

The western slopes of the Virginia Blue Ridge contain limited evidence of prehistoric activity, in stark contrast to the eastern slopes where prolific sites model seasonal upland mobility patterns for the southern Middle Atlantic. Fewer than 80 prehistoric sites, the majority identified as small lithic scatters bereft of diagnostics, are documented for the 105 miles of the western slopes of Shenandoah National Park; five times that number are documented for the eastern slopes. Attributed by some...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joanna Ostapkowicz. Ryan Wheeler. Lee Ann Newsom. Fiona Brock. Christophe Snoeck.

Florida’s wealth of prehistoric wood sculpture includes three large zoomorphic ‘totems’ dredged in the 1950s and 1970s from the banks of Hontoon Island, along the St Johns River, and a stylistically unusual anthropomorphic figure from the Tomoka River. Some, like the Hontoon owl, have had a long history of museum conservation, display and interpretation. These central Florida sculptures form a unique corpus that can inform on the diversity of artistic expression within a region long dominated by...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Eric Kansa. Sarah Whitcher Kansa.

This is a pdf copy of the PPT slides used in this presentation at the SAA symposium. Digital data play increasingly prominent roles in archaeological research. However, data tend to be considered “raw materials” that fuel scholarship and not as intellectual contributions in their own right. Most attention on “research data management” focuses on “management” where data are considered mainly through the lens of Taylorism (bureaucratic compliance, standards, incentives, and metrics). Research data...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Crellin. Mark Purnell.

Bronze axes are arguably the most important objects of study for understanding the start of metallurgy in Europe; a process of material transformation that irrevocably altered the prehistoric world. Yet we cannot accurately answer the simple question ‘what were bronze axes used for’? This paper aims to begin to establish more clearly the way that wear develops on the blades of bronze axes. Existing studies in metalwork wear analysis have relied on qualitative analysis of replicas used in a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andres Laguens. Benjamin Alberti.

Past ontologies of Andean worlds have been reconstructed in relation to archaeological landscapes, objects, and contexts. Relational and animated worlds build on Andean concepts such as Apu, wa’ka, and Pacha, as well as Amazonian theories. In our case, we work with Amazonian perspectivism as a broad-based Amerindian ontology to analyze a case from Andean northwest Argentina. Perspectivism provides us with a radically different ontological premise for the world: things do not need to be animated,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kassi Bailey.

The objective of this poster is to present an overview of the emergence of pest-host and commensal relationships that emerged between humans and microfaunal species over the course of approximately 1,500 years at the Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Aşıklı Höyük. My research is focused on the investigation of the frequency and taphonomic contexts of microfaunal remains in a formative village setting. Co-evolution between humans and plants and animals occurred as feedback systems developed because...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meghan Burchell. Natasha Leclerc. David Grant.

Stable oxygen isotope analysis of marine shells has increasingly become a common tool used to identify seasonality and reconstruct past sea surface temperatures (PSST). Oxygen isotope analysis of marine carbonates cannot, however, discriminate between freshwater fluxes and temperature changes as they both affect oxygen isotope ratios (18O/16O). The inability to discriminate the geochemical data can lead to ambiguous PSST and seasonality interpretations. Trace element ratios of Sr/Ca are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joshua Toney.

The Incised and Punctate Horizon style is a widespread late prehistoric ceramic series known throughout Eastern Amazonia. A variety of subseries are known from coastal and highland Columbia, coastal Venezuela, the Orinoco, the Antilles, the Guianas, the Southern Amazon, and the Lower Amazon, including Santarém. The Incised and Punctate horizon style may represent a second wave of Carib-speaking chiefdoms spreading throughout the tropical lowlands between A.D. 1000-1500. This paper presents...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Isaac Ullah.

Simulation models are explicit descriptions of the components and interactions of a system, made dynamic in software. In archaeology, they are most often used to conduct controlled experiments, in which key socio-ecological parameters are varied, and changes to system-level dynamics are observed over time. An interesting emergent property of these kinds of experiments is that they produce a range of possible outcomes for any set of initial conditions. Thus, rather than use simulations to explain...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kirsten Green. Ashley H. McKeown. Roseanne Bongiovanni.

Recent research focusing on environmental change in the Belize River Valley during the Classic period provides clear evidence for deteriorating conditions during the Late Classic period. These findings help explain shifts in socio-political and religious systems, as well as fluctuations in population distributions of the Late Classic and Terminal Classic Maya. Some archaeological research suggests complete abandonment of ceremonial sites occupied by the Maya elite. Mortuary practices can be used...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Kaplan.

This paper explores variability in the consumption and distribution of obsidian within imperial and local Middle Horizon (AD 600-1000) contexts in order to address regional manifestations of imperial control and the role of resource extraction and regulation within the Wari Empire in Peru. During the Middle Horizon, the Wari Empire expanded and maintained control over the Peruvian Andes, often going to great lengths to import and export critical resources obtained from distant regions throughout...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Van Keuren. Jeffrey Ferguson. Mary Ownby.

Ancestral Pueblo peoples in east-central Arizona crafted a unique type of representational-style pottery (Fourmile Polychrome) by the early AD 1300s. Questions remain about where the type was manufactured and how it circulated in the region. We present the results of a neutron activation analysis (NAA) of sherds from three villages where the type was likely produced. Building on earlier research, our analyses clarify issues of provenance and speak to the fourteenth-century social networks...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Evan Sternberg. Justin Lowry. Jason Paling.

Trade and inter-community connections are keys to understanding how the ancient region around the modern city of Managua, Nicaragua interacted and participated in the larger Central American and Mesoamerican trade corridor. This poster will present potential interpretations of long distance and local connections through a cost and pathway analysis using ArcGIS. This study will incorporate recent research on obsidian sources from the site of Chiquilistagua into the model of interactions, as well...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rosemary Lieske.

In ancient societies political, ideological, and environmental factors played a role in determining settlement patterns and trade routes. The use of GIS-based modeling approaches, such as least cost path analysis, provide us with a greater understanding of how ancient people moved and interacted in the landscape and the possible trade routes that existed among them. In this study I use network and least cost path analyses to reconstruct the network of trade and communication routes surrounding...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jiun-Yu Liu.

The origin and expansion of Austronesian, a language group disperses from Easter Island to Madagascar, is a long-term discussed issue in Taiwan and Southeast Asia. For the movement of people and materials, the migrationist models have dominated the explanatory frameworks in the South China Sea, a broader area of my proposed research region. In this proposed research the concept of trade diaspora is applied to examine the possibility of frequent bidirectional movement of materials and people...

DOCUMENT Citation Only K. Patrick Fazioli.

This paper will survey some of the most interesting and innovative recent contributions of pottery studies to our knowledge of late antique and early medieval Central Europe (circa fifth to tenth centuries CE). Since an exhaustive review of the many national traditions across this culturally and linguistically diverse region is beyond the scope of this paper, the focus will remain on three broad areas of inquiry. First, what insights can pottery offer into changing patterns of exchange and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hirokazu Kotegawa.

El sitio arqueológico de Estero Rabón, conocido como un centro secundario de la primera capital olmeca San Lorenzo, se encuentra a unos 12 km hacia el oeste de dicha capital. Según los estudios realizados en esta región y el sitio mismo, el sitio tuvo muy larga ocupación humana a partir de pre olmeca hasta el Clásico Tardío/Terminal llamado la fase Villa Alta. Sin embargo, no existió un proyecto sistemático a través de la excavación arqueológica. Por ello, no habíamos sabido los detalles del...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Traci Ardren. Scott Fitzpatrick. Victor Thompson.

The Florida Keys have been largely overlooked in models of social interactions within both Florida and the greater Caribbean. Environmentally and culturally distinctive, the more than 1700 islands that make up this coral reef archipelago are consistently viewed from the mainland in models of human-environmental dynamics over time. This paper synthesizes available archeological data on the prehistoric human occupation of the Florida Keys with attention to the island landscapes of these sites that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael Boero.

There is general agreement that past Native American populations significantly modified Sierra Nevada landscapes in California leading to a variety of beneficial resource outcomes. Further, many argue that through their lengthy history in the region, Native peoples initiated cascading regional effects on forest composition and structure in the Sierra Nevada. With this in mind, agencies and researchers are turning to the past to develop more effective resource management protocols. Concordantly,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gavin Davies. Maria de los Angeles Corado.

Following an intensive socialization campaign, the Lake Atitlan Archaeological Project (PALA) conducted systematic surface collections for over 50 properties within the municipios of San Pedro and San Juan La Laguna in the southwestern Lake Atitlan Basin. These investigations identified more than 30 archaeological sites including three large population centers with monumental architecture, a large number of smaller ritual and domestic sites, and several individual rock art locations. Test...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolina Belmar. Silvia Alfaro. Luciana Quiroz.

It has been stated the groups ascribed to the Early Ceramic Traditions of the Choapa Valley had a mobile hunter-gatherer life style, representative of the archaic period. This is reinforced by the absence of permanent and long term occupations in the valley. This scenario suffered an interesting shift with the discovery PTF MLP 13, a domestic site associated to a cemetery that counts with an important stratigraphic deposit, great amount of ceramic sherds and milling stones. These findings...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Wholey.

Transitional Period settlement ecology and material culture in eastern Pennsylvania indicates the emergence of a cultural complex expressive of trans-egalitarian society. This includes centralized riverine settlements characterized by large thermally altered features, concentrations of soapstone vessels, and proximity to seasonally predictable food resources, such as migratory fish and drought tolerant herbaceous plants, that could be intensively managed or cultivated. This presentation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Weber. Terry Powis. George Micheletti. Jaime Awe.

The ancient Maya site of Pacbitun, Belize was first systematically recorded in the 1980s. Since then, archaeologists have continuously worked on recreating the site’s ancient landscape. In addition to traditional survey methods, the Pacbitun Regional Archaeological Project (PRAP) has implemented non-invasive survey tools like terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and, more recently, the analysis of aerial LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data. In this poster we present a comparative analysis of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Conger.

Native North Americans began to engage in exchange with European explorers, merchants, and missionaries during the mid-to-late 16th century. Previous studies of these initial exchange interactions in Northern Iroquoia (including the Lower Great Lakes, Saint Lawrence Lowlands, and Northern Allegheny Plateau) have been narrow in spatial and social scale, focusing often on the initiation of trade relationships between Europeans and a specific nation (for instance, the Mohawk) and the rate at which...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gail Hitchens.

Early prehistory presents a particular challenge for investigating children, and consequently previous work has almost exclusively consisted of biological accounts of health and growth. However, as traditional views of Neanderthals are becoming increasingly overturned, it has become clear that the social and cultural role of children could be crucial in furthering our understanding of Neanderthal society, and in turn the interactions and differences with modern humans. Through investigating...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jimmy Mans.

In this paper the relation between transforming material collectives and subalternity is investigated. When a people or group incorporate new materials hereby slowly transforming its own material collective into the similar new ‘dominating’ material collective, does that imply that the ‘subaltern’ loses its archaeological identity? Does it mean the dominating new collective always represents ‘hegemony’? Not necessarily. In this paper, cases from the circum-Caribbean are discussed concerning...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Gary Shaffer.

This paper explores an example of cultural transmission from Neolithic to modern times in central and southern Italy: the passing on of architectural knowledge through agricultural practice. Excavation and analysis of wattle and daub buildings from the Stentinello period (6th and 5th millennia B.C.) of Calabria and observation of their 20th-century counterparts prompted study of the continuation of this architectural tradition. Several constructional components have multiple utility in rural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Lou Larson. Marcel Kornfeld.

Over the past century archaeologists have treated faunal remains differentially:either discarding all bones as unimportant, selectively collecting the informative ones, or treasuring all for eternity and future research. Studies at the stratified Paleoindian Hell Gap site in southeastern Wyoming included several of these treatment options. Our presentation investigates the different treatment of bones at Hell Gap over more than 60 years (1960-2015) of site studies. Such treatment is argued to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jennifer Zovar.

As educators teaching archaeology at the introductory level, it can be challenging to develop hands-on exercises that allow students to discover how archaeological knowledge is generated, especially when teaching at institutions without large labs or active field projects. Another major challenge is helping students to understand the relevance of archaeological research in the modern world. One way to achieve both goals may be to bring the archaeological classroom into the community, as students...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Devin White. Scott Ortman.

It is well known that a variety of goods flowed into the center of the Chaco regional system between 980-1140 CE. Previous research demonstrated that these goods were generally consumed within the canyon instead of redistributed to outlying settlements. Yet, a variety of indicators from peripheral areas indicate robust economic expansion during this same period and contraction in the immediate post-Chacoan period (1140-1180 CE). This suggests greater levels of exchange and interaction among...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bill Angelbeck.

The Coast Salish hunter-gatherer fishers of the Northwest Coast built substantial defenses, involving the labor of multiple households and entire villages. These fortifications, perched upon high bluff promontories or at the points of narrow coastal sandspit ridges, often involved deep trenches and steep embankments that were enclosed by tall palisades of cedar planks. Such constructions would have dominated the viewshed of their seascape. In this presentation, I’ll highlight the degree of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Cranford.

While surficial similarities exist among colonoware assemblages produced by different communities of potters, owing to shared colonial templates, this ceramic tradition, like any other, reflects the specific economic and social contexts in which it is produced, circulated, and used. By the 19th century Catawba potters were well-known producers and itinerant traders of low-fired earthenware across South Carolina, but the origin and character of early Catawba colonoware production has not been...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maureen Mahoney. Jessica Freeman.

Like other THPOs across the country, the Seminole Tribe of Florida’s Tribal Historic Preservation Office (STOF THPO) is charged with serving the STOF communities and preserving their cultural heritage. With a staff of 17 individuals, the STOF THPO is heavily involved with both on and off reservation compliance projects ranging from home sites, pasture improvement projects, and wetland mitigations. However, as this paper and the symposium will demonstrate, these projects only make up a percentage...

DOCUMENT Citation Only April Sievert. Wayne Huxhold. Ben Barnes. Kelli Mosteller.

Relationships initiated through NAGPRA-related consultation can foster collaborations to provide access to historic resources to federally recognized tribes. The Great Lakes and Ohio Valley Ethnohistory Collection at the Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology at IU was gathered by Erminie Wheeler-Voegelin to provide evidence for 20th century Indian Claims Commission lawsuits. Tribal scholars are collaborating with IU staff to plan and implement a digitization program to make archives available...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patricia Kim.

A recent opinion editorial published in the Columbia Spectator by three undergraduates protested the university’s core curriculum as consisting of “triggering and offensive material that marginalizes student identities in the classroom.” The article was written in response to the assignment of Ovid’s “Metamorphoses,” which contains scenes of rape and sexual assault. The art historical and archaeological record of the Greco-Roman world similarly includes visual and material evidence that we would...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexandria Oemig. Jordan Karsten.

In 1991, Milner et al. published a groundbreaking article that showed the Native American Oneota culture in a new light. Their research at the Norris Farms #36 cemetery in west-central Illinois indicated that the Oneota there were plagued by intergroup violence and small-scale tribal warfare. Milner et al. examined 264 skeletons and discovered evidence for trauma on 43 (16.29%). At least one-third of adults at Norris Farms #36 died violent deaths. However, the group at Norris Farms #36 was part...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Elizabeth Graff.

The Necrópolis de Calderia contains nearly two-hundred burials spanning from the first through fifth centuries A.D. The cemetery is located on the western edge of the ancient Roman site of Troía, which is considered the largest fish salting, garum production and distribution center in the Roman world. Among the inhumations three cases of trepanation have been identified. The three individuals are adult women. Trepanation, also known as trephination or craniectomy, is the surgical practice in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Dungan. Leslie Aragon.

The communities that surround the neighboring great houses of Kin Bineola and Kin Klizhin contain broadly similar kinds of sites—including the great houses themselves, small habitation sites, and shrines—and are both located in the "Chaco Halo," the region immediately surrounding Chaco Canyon itself. Nevertheless, the two communities differ in their composition, spatial structure, and histories. Intervisibility between habitations and public or religious architecture provides one possible...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen Steelman. Carolyn Boyd.

Using two independent methods, we provide reliable age estimates for three Pecos River Style figures at Eagle Cave in Langtry, TX. To obtain direct dates for the paintings, we employed plasma oxidation of the organic binders in the paint layer followed by accelerator mass spectrometry. For minimum and maximum ages, we acid treated the overlying and underneath accretion layers to isolate calcium oxalate for combustion and 14C measurement. The radiocarbon dates for the three paint samples are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bretton Giles. Shannon Koerner. Eric Skov.

CEMML archaeologists recently identified and tested two closely related Paleoarchaic sites, 14RY8129 and 14RY8130, on the Fort Riley Installation. These sites are positioned on the south side of Wind Creek, which is a minor perennial tributary of Wildcat Creek, and part of the larger Kansas River watershed. Survey and testing at the two sites recovered several fragmentary projectile points diagnostic of the Paleoindian and Early Archaic periods, including a unifacially fluted Clovis point; a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only R Doyle Bowman. Thomas Gruber. Janna Gruber. Sonya Beach. Thomas Thompson.

The identification and documentation of anthropomorphic rock art effigies on the Great Plains of North America has long been a compelling yet understudied area of research for archaeologists and anthropologists. The recent advent of new technologies, like UAS vehicles (Drones) have enabled new ways for researchers to gather data on such sites and identify locations adapting photogrammetric and remote sensing techniques alongside traditional site documentation practices. The research presented...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jotka Verlee. Cornelis Stal. Britt Lonneville. Cameron McNeil. Alain De Wulf.

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has seen a tremendous development over the last decade. The department of Geography of Ghent University has deployed these platforms to perform high-level research on the modelling of cultural heritage. The selection of a suitable system was mainly based on compactness and flexibility in terms of transportation and deployment, as well as cost-efficiency. The platform was deployed in various international field campaigns. The first campaign’s objective...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adam Calkins.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or ‘drones’ are an emerging technology for use in archaeological investigation. With UAVs, it is possible to capture a series of high-resolution images capable of creating photogrammetric 3D models at a very low cost. Recently, I have undertaken two projects in Nevada that demonstrate the usefulness of UAV technology in Historic Archaeology. Using a UAV, I collected sequences of images from both Virginia City and Aurora, Nevada. Using photogrammetric software, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erik Chiquito Cortés.

Con el hallazgo fortuito de una cámara mortuoria en Ixcaquixtla, Puebla (dentro de la mixteca). se pudieron registrar un conjunto de pinturas murales que hasta la fecha son únicas en la región. A pesar de contar ya con once años de haber sido descubiertas, los trabajos entorno a la pintura mural son escasos y los existentes se centran en determinan su contenido iconográfico. Con base en la anterior, nuestra presentación reflexiona y busca dar una propuesta estilística sobre la pintura mural,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay Randall. Marla Taylor.

Archaeology-centered education is typically relegated to throw-away curricula in elementary school classrooms, often not to be discussed again until post-secondary education. The Peabody Museum strives to break this pattern by actively engaging high school students and teachers in ways that connect archaeology to their everyday lives. This is done through a work study program focusing on hands-on interaction with artifacts, as well as teaching traditional subjects with archaeology. This model...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alexander Craib. Martin P. Walker. David G. Anderson. Derek Anderson. Stephen Yerka.

Multiple features, ranging from the Woodland through Historic periods, were uncovered and excavated at the Topper Site (38AL23) by the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, summer 2015 field school. This paper presents the results of a contextual and spatial analysis of these features utilizing excavation and GPR data from the field and the flotation analysis of the feature fill, which was conducted at UTK during the Fall of 2015. This analysis further illustrates the range of human activity at...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Bernstetter. Michael Kolb. William Balco, Jr..

Sicily has long been a hotbed of archaeological activity. During the Late Iron Age, Greek, Roman, Punic, and indigenous Elymi groups were involved in a complex network of trade and exchange. At the site of Salemi in western Sicily, there is evidence of participation in a widespread Mediterranean sphere of exchange. For this research, sourcing studies were conducted on transport amphorae to measure the degree of foreign influence on the local economy of Salemi. Preliminary data collected in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Coltman.

For the ancient Maya, the landscape was wild, untamed, and dotted with caves, which were the darkest of spaces. On an empirical level, caves can reveal the ancient Maya experience of intimate darkness and nullified senses. Such experience belonged to the night, which was fraught with danger, temporally distant, and inhabited by a cast of anti-social beings. These beings belonged to the wilderness and dark forests that lacked internal order and spatial division. Much like the concept of chaos in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeffrey Moates.

Archaeological sites face many threats in Florida. While both natural and cultural forces are at play the most destructive threat might be inaction at the local level from the professional and amateur archaeology communities. Local preservation programs began in earnest with the passage of state laws aimed at managing and regulating growth in the state and have continued largely through the implementation of the Certified Local Government Program. However, an apparent lack of a clear...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julie Bond. Julie Gibson. Stephen Dockrill. Ruth Maher. Robert Friel.

Orkney is a Scottish archipelago, with a maritime cultural landscape spanning some 6,000 years. The archaeological evidence related to this long habitation is amongst the most complete in Northwest Europe. Three-dimensional stone architecture and frequently benign soil conditions contribute to very good preservation of individual sites in their landscapes and the UNESCO inscription of The Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site recognizes this. A few sites were protected in the last...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Loven. Kye Miller.

On numerous projects, faunal analysts have speculated to the amount of rabbit (Lagomorph) remains deposited by human-related processes. Previous studies have failed to fully investigate potential differences in the treatment of Lagomorph remains between cultural and natural deposits. This project investigates evidence of human processing of Lagomorph remains from two Pueblo II/III Great Houses in the Middle San Juan region of northwestern New Mexico: Aztec and Salmon Ruins. The primary research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samantha Krause. Timothy Beach. Sheryl Luzzadder-Beach. Thomas Guderjan.

All depositional environments can leave complex records of environmental change over time. We consider floodplains, alluvial fans, and wetlands of the Maya lowlands at present day Neundorf, Belize. We have documented a rich history of sedimentation, water chemistry, and archaeological data that show a measurable environmental and archaeological signature that date back over 4,000 years in this region. This research uses soil geomorphology to study the chronology and processes of wetland...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth DeMarrais.

This presentation explores landscapes of heterarchy, investigating the ways that past peoples inhabited a south Andean landscape. In the northern Calchaquí Valley of Argentina, before the Inkas, power relations were predominantly decentralized and spatially extensive. As a consequence, lived experience, the built environment, and the wider landscape both constituted and reproduced a distinctive social order and cultural logic. Using data from regional survey, I argue first for a habitus that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessika Akmenkalns.

Ceramics have played a central role in archaeological studies of ancient Nubia. They have been used to refine the regional chronology and to enhance our understanding of social, political, and economic processes. While many such studies have focused primarily on large, centralized polities, fewer attempts have been made to investigate how hinterland communities engaged with changing life ways throughout the region’s long cultural history. This paper examines a collection of ceramic samples taken...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin Van Alstyne.

On the Shivwits Plateau, there is scarce information concerning how the Virgin Branch Ancestral Puebloan people constructed their pueblos. This is a result of post-depositional processes that have destroyed much of the building materials. Thus, to further our understanding of the Ancestral Puebloan efforts to live in a semi-arid environment, this research incorporates information obtained from Puebloan ethnographies, experimental archaeology, and excavations. The data is combined through a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ryan Clasby.

Andean archaeologists have long debated the degree to which the ceja de selva or eastern Andean montane forest was involved within the larger historical processes that led to the development of sociopolitical complexity in Central Andean highlands and coast. For some scholars such as Julio C. Tello and Donald Lathrap, the apparent tropical forest influence in Chavín iconography as well as the similarity of eastern slope ceramics to contemporary highland and coastal assemblages suggested that the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tosha Dupras. Gytis Piliciauskas. Rimantas Jankauskas. Giedre Piliciauskiene.

The Neolithic transition in the boreal zone of the Baltic region deviated significantly from the “classic” European model, and in 2014-2015 a multidisciplinary research project targeting why this occurred was undertaken. Twenty-one 14C AMS dates were obtained for 11 Late Mesolithic– Early Bronze Age (7000-1000 cal B.C.) graves and for 6 human bones found in settlements or refuse layers. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes analyses of bone collagen were conducted for 40 human bones and teeth from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jonas DeSouza. Mark Robinson. Jose Iriarte. Francis Mayle. Paulo DeBlasis.

The function of the oversized pit houses constructed by southern proto-Je groups in the southern Brazilian highlands has been a matter of debate for decades. In this paper, we contribute to the debate by presenting a unique sequence from House 1 of the Baggio 1 site in Campo Belo do Sul, Santa Catarina state. For the first time, we obtained a large number of radiocarbon dates for twelve occupation floors in an oversized pit structure. We applied Bayesian modelling to develop a fine-grained...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christina Stewart.

Petrified Forest National Park contains an extensive prehistoric ceramic variability, exhibiting ceramics from multiple regions at later prehistoric sites. Like much of the Southwest, most of the research at the park is survey oriented, recording only a sample of ceramics on site. The high diversity of ceramics and small sample sizes has the potential to create a recording bias when using ceramics to relatively date sites. This project investigates the relationship between site diversity and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Hutson.

This paper explores data on consumption of durable goods in Classic period domestic contexts both in cities (Chunchucmil, Tikal) and rural areas (Ceren, hinterlands of Izamal and Copan). The goal is to document variation in distribution systems across the lowlands. Though some of this variation may be due to the intensity of market systems, other variation may be due to the wealth and resourcefulness of individual households and some due to long-term trends in economic prosperity throughout the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kayeleigh Sharp.

Based on recent fieldworks, this paper argues for a major rethinking of the Gallinazo-Mochica relationship. Investigations in the mid-Zaña Valley have revealed unexpected architectural and social complexity at the site of Songoy-Cojal. The predominantly residential Cojal show​s an abundant co-presence of stylistically Gallinazo and Mochica remains. In addition to fineline decorated ceramics perhaps from farther south, there is a strong Gallinazo-like presence, which may be characteristic of in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dennis Ogburn.

Colors of cords in Inka khipu are of great interest because it has long been understood that they were meant to convey specific meanings, namely indicating the individual category being encoded in a particular position on a khipu. Colonial authors such as Calancha and Garcilaso de la Vega made claims regarding what certain colors symbolized, but studies of extant khipu have yet to definitively correlate colors with specific meanings. Before we can begin to understand the correlation between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carla Lancelotti. Jonas Alcaina Mateos. Javier Ruiz perez. Alessandra Pecci. Marco Madella.

Jandhala is a small village in the rural countryside of North Gujarat (India) where many of the activities related to food processing are still non-mechanized. One compound within the village has been investigated ethnographically to test a novel methodology to unravel activity areas. In this paper we present the results of investigations in the courtyard of the compound. Over 170 samples were collected, in a regular grid of 2x2 meters, and analyzed for multi-element geochemistry. We compare our...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gregory Cook.

This presentation focuses on the ongoing investigations of shipwrecks from the Spanish fleet of Tristan de Luna, who attempted to colonize northwest Florida in 1559. Fieldwork conducted during the last year has yielded exciting new insights into the expedition, and the ships that made up the fleet.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas Huffman. Frank Lee Earley.

On the High Plains of North America, geographical separation and cultural isolation were not the same phenomena. Upper Republican and Apishapa archaeological units, for example, represented separate ethno-linguistic groups, but they were not isolated. Apishapa pottery at the Wallace site (Upper Republican) and Upper Republican pottery at Cramer (Apishapa) demonstrate reciprocal interaction. We argue that the calumet ceremony facilitated this interaction, rather than residential mobility....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Renee Walker. Tanya Peres.

Uploading faunal data from eastern Archaic sites to the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR) as members of the Eastern Archaic Faunal Working Group (EAFWG) was a very exciting prospect. We are pleased to be involved in a project that will address significant questions about animal use during the Archaic period. However, making the data comparable entailed some challenges and compromises. While most zooarchaeologists agree on taxonomic designations, developing ontologies for elements, portions,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wendy Ashmore.

Archaeological study of ancient water management has grown tremendously in recent decades. Vern Scarborough has contributed centrally to advances in this domain, in the Maya area of Mesoamerica, as well as in cross-cultural examinations extending to the U.S. Southwest, and more distantly, South and Southeast Asia. Even his early concerns with ancient American ballcourts and ballgames link to water, with regard to the watery underworld to which the courts were entry portals. Scarborough’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ari Caramanica.

Mobility among smallholders or campesinos is a crucial element for understanding the development of both ancient and modern-day Peru. In the case of the ancient agricultural landscape of Mocán, the movement of people, products, and possibly plants, lead to increasing network complexity eventually culminating in the area’s incorporation into an important coastal polity. Archaeological evidence suggests changing approaches to landscape and water management over the 2,000 years of occupation in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Liye Xie.

Archaeological evidence and ancient Chinese text imply that the construction of early urban settlements in China were planned events initiated by rulers relocating their settlements in order to legitimize their arising power and establish hierarchical social systems. Accordingly, the construction of the urban settlements may have been the transformative social environments in which power was legitimized and enacted and new social structure was created. I hypothesize that whether this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher von Nagy. Mary Pohl. Paul Schmidt. Eliseo Padilla Gutiérrez. Isaac Lima Astudillo.

The large Early to Late Formative site of Quiotepec-Oxtotitlán, best known for Oxtotitlán Cave and its associated Middle to Late Formative polychrome murals, is the site of on-going archaeological research since 2012 by the Urban Origins Project. Our goal is twofold: to develop a richly detailed documentation of the art and its physical and chronological context at Quiotepec-Oxotitlán and to investigate the political economic underpinnings of the artistic production and possible elements of a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas.

Mobility is key to the survival and adaptation of human and animal populations. In all cases, having the ‘right of way’ is necessary to move across territories. How was it in the past? How humans decided about mobility in the context of demographic growth and increase of social complexity that occurred in Europe in the first millennium BC? Strontium isotopic ratios are a powerful tool for investigating mobility in the past. This paper offers a review of strontium isotopic ratios for Western...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Carballo.

Teotihuacan’s Tlajinga district comprises a cluster of neighborhoods of primarily common status apartment compounds, covering approximately 1km2 in the south of the city. Previous investigations at one of them, 33:S3W1 or “Tlajinga 33,” provided valuable information concerning daily life in the urban periphery. The Proyecto Arqueológico Tlajinga Teotihuacan (PATT) has thus far involved excavations at two other compounds (designated 17:S3E1 and 18:S3E1) and along the southern extension of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rodrigo Solinis-Casparius. Anna S. Cohen. Kyle R. Urquhart.

Despite over 70 years of research in the Lake Patzcuaro Basin of Michoacan, there has been limited work focusing on pre-Purepecha and Purepecha urbanism in the region. In this paper, we discuss how recent survey and excavation data from the ancient city of Angamuco (c. 250-1530 CE) is helping us to evaluate whether suggested urban models from different parts of Mesoamerica are applicable in western Mexico. Alternatively, is there evidence for a distinct type of west Mexican or Purepecha city?...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristyn Hara.

Upon his ascension to the throne, King Yaśovarman I (r. 889-910 AD) founded a new capital at Angkor in northwestern Cambodia that was to become the major center of the Khmer Empire and a dynamic religio-political landscape marked by extensive urbanization and environmental change. Religious institutions played a particularly important role in localized human-environment engagements while contributing to broader processes of polity-building. Drawing on historical ecology, this paper underscores...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colin Quinn.

Communities of the Wietenberg Culture in Middle Bronze Age Transylvania (2000-1500 BC) participated in diverse and dynamic social, economic, political, and ideological institutions. Traditional approaches to the mortuary practices of this period, however, have obscured diversity in the archaeological record in favor of a more homogeneous characterization of burial practices as cremation and burial in urn cemeteries. This paper traces the many different pathways that Middle Bronze Age...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristi Miller Nichols. Clint Laffere. Laurie M. Steves. Richard A. Sample.

Archaeologists at Raba Kistner Environmental, Inc. (RKEI) have been utilizing 3-D ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys to rediscover the locations and document the construction techniques of irrigation ditches in San Antonio, Texas. Using 3-D GPR, in conjunction with EM-31 surveys, archival research, and archaeological backhoe trenching has allowed us to determine under what geomorphological and burial conditions the GPR yields reliable results. This paper reviews recent RKEI projects...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Diana Carvajal Contreras. Martha Mejia. Paola Olivera.

This work derives from research in the ongoing research project "Evaluation of Zooarqueológica de Concheros cerca al Canal del Dique". We present the preliminary results of the archaeological research of three sites sampled near Canal del Dique: Monsú (5000 a.C.), Puerto Hormiga (4000 a. C), and Leticia (a shellmound from the 12th century A.D.). Samples of animals remains were recovered from 1/8 inch mesh screening. These samples were analyzed for taxonomic, taphonomic, and quantification...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alice Samson. Jago Cooper.

The focus of this paper is on the actions of human fingers, hands, and bodies in the emergence and creation of the extraordinary subterranean cavescapes of Isla de Mona in the pre-Columbian and early colonial Caribbean. The interiors of around 30 of the island’s 200 caves have been extensively modified by scraping substances off, and applying substances to cave walls, leaving marks, extractive patches, meanders, and designs on hundreds of square metres of cave surfaces. These activities were...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rita Dias. Cleia Detry. Nuno Bicho.

The onset of the Holocene in the Iberian Atlantic coast is associated with the appearance of the Mesolithic shell middens, which reflected new subsistence patterns that have been commonly characterized by the intensification of aquatic resources exploitation. Recently, sclerochronological analysis of shell midden faunal remains has been seen as fundamental to infer climatic and environmental changes, human settlement, resource exploitation and seasonal occupation. However, fish bone and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mavis Greer. John W. Greer.

Historic photographs are particularly useful in rock art studies for assessing early and changing site conditions that show effects, rates, and chronology of natural weathering and vandalism. This includes such alterations as removed and added figures, altered figures, entire affected panels, chalking, latex recording, and deleterious effects of well-intentioned physical conservation. Such changes indicate not only physical changes in the art but also influences on possible direct dating and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Barber.

Iron Age brochs, drystone-built towers unique to Scotland, are typically 18m in external diameter, 9m internally, and 12m to 14m high. Calculation of the volume of stone required for the construction is relatively simple. Calculation of its standard bulk density, only marginally more difficult so that the mass of stone involved can be calculated with confidence. The calculation of the number of kWhs of energy required to quarry, lift move, horizontally and vertically and place into the monument...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Esmeralda Agolli.

The question of settlement pattern during the Late Prehistory (Late Bronze and Early Iron Age 1300 – 900 BC) in Albania comprises an unresolved topic constantly discussed over during the last few decades. The high presence of the tumuli mounds and the lack of the contemporary data from a settlement context complicated increasingly the understanding of the way these communities conceptualized their space and exploited the environment. However, recent excavation campaigns in the cave of Tren and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Walton.

Obsidian was one of the most important commodities for residents of ancient central Mexico before and after the great city of Teotihuacan. While previous research on stone tools in Mesoamerican archaeology has focused mostly on identifying production sequences, workshop locations, and market exchange, this presentation highlights how different technological forms of obsidian tools were actually used by household residents for specific tasks. A sample of 464 obsidian artifacts from the sites of...