PaleoResearch Institute

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. R.A. Varney.

Eight pollen and macrofloral samples were examined from House 20 in the Lost City Complex, just outside Overton, Nevada. This site appears to be a complex of Virgin Anasazi occupations situated on a large ridge. House 20 consists of a roomblock within the Main Ridge Locality of the Lost City Complex. Pollen and macrofloral analyses were undertaken to better understand the subsistence base of the people living here.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Mound Park, 33SC0001 is the only known surviving mound remnant of the Ohio portion of the Portsmouth Earthworks. This large, geometric Hopewellian earthwork complex included three separate groups of geometric earthworks. Two features, as well as modern topsoil and subsoil were sampled for pollen analysis. Feature fill also was submitted for macrofloral analysis. Pollen and macrofloral analysis were undertaken to provide information concerning local vegetation prior to construction of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Four samples from Classic Period structures and features at Pueblo del Alamo, site AZ T:12:52 (ASM), were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This large Hohokam village is located within Phoenix in Maricopa County, Arizona. Although disturbed by both historic and modern farming, this Classic Period site also exhibits evidence of occupation during the late Colonial Period, and Santa Cruz phase. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide subsistence information...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from pitstructures, surface structures, surface rooms, pits, and hearths at Site 5MT11861 in southwest Colorado were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Two large pit structures occupied a prominent position at the site and functioned as habitation structures. Fourteen surface structures were arranged in an arc around Feature 1, one of the pit structures, in the northern part of the site. All of the features were assigned Basketmaker III temporal affiliations (A.D....

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas E. Moutoux. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site AR-03-04-06-673 is located approximately two miles west of Sedona in the Sedona Ranger District of the Coconino National Forest. A surface scattering of sandstone rock was noted on the site and originally reported as a potential deflated roasting pit. The feature is currently thought to be either an historic debris pile or a naturally occurring feature. Artifacts observed at the site appear to be Dry Creek Archaic (Horton and Logan 1995) . Two pollen samples and one macrofloral sample...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from two pit features at Site AR-03-08-02-419 (LA 115574) were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. In addition, a macrofloral sample was collected from the general site surface to serve as a control. This site is part of the Sacramento River Road project in southern New Mexico. The site yielded Iithics dating to the Archaic period, although a single radiocarbon sample from one of the pit features yielded a conventional radiocarbon age of 200 ± 60 BP (Beta-167292). This area...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from the probable floor of a circular, semi-subterranean pithouse at site AR-03-07-03-355 was examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site represents multiple occupations of the area over time. Diagnostic artifacts reflect early to late Archaic occupations. Formative period structures, including a late Pueblo II habitation/room block, also are present at the site. Radiocarbon dates of 1210 ± 40 BP and 1220 ± 40 BP were recovered from burned wood in the pithouse. Pollen and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Sarrples from charcoal stains and from two structures at Site LA 03369, New Mexico, were sarrpled for pollen and macrofloral remains. Site LA 03369 is a possible habitation/limited activity/canp with radiocarbon dates ranging from 2280 to 270 BP. These radiocarbon dates and the presence of both Anasazi and Navajo ceramic types suggest that this is a multicorponent site. Pollen and macrofloral analyses may provide information concerning use of plant resources at this site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Jaime Dexter. R.A. Varney.

Samples were examined from sites 42Cb78 and 42Cb16 (Rasmussen Cave) on the Colorado Plateau of eastern Utah. Site 42Cb78 is a Fremont habitation site located on top of a knoll and consists of two possible room blocks and a cist feature. PolJen samples were collected from the floor of a circular rock-lined depression (Feature A) and from the base of a deep, slab-lined pit containing numerous ceramic sherds (Feature C) to determine the nature and extent of subsurface deposits within these...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined from sites 42Cb827 and 42Cb829, Utah, for the BLM Ninemile - Daddy Canyon testing project. Test pits were excavated at the base of several Fremont petroglyph panels at both sites. A hearth overlain with a small sandstone slab was encountered at 42Cb827. The hearth fill was examined for macrofloral remains, while sediment from the occupation surface adjacent to the hearth was sampled for both pollen and macrofloral remains. Pollen and macrofloral...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik.

Sites 42GR4950 and 42GR4951 from Project 15-WAS-007 are situated northeast of Cisco in Grand County, Utah. A hearth feature from each site was sampled for pollen and macrofloral analysis to provide information regarding paleoenvironment and economic activities involving plant processing and fuel strategies at these sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Paul M. Miller.

Sites 42SA27020 and 42SA27022 were recorded by Montgomery Archaeological Consultants as part of the MOAC 17-083 project in the Spanish Valley, approximately 9.5 mi southeast of the city of Moab, San Juan County, Utah. At Site 42SA27020, Montgomery archaeologists recorded a structure and associated midden, which was discovered in association with Pueblo II-III cultural materials, including three Mesa Verde Grey Ware ceramic body sherds (Jessica DelBozque, personal communication, December 21,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Thomas E. Moutoux. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were collected and analyzed from Sites 48FR3317 and 48FR3318. These two sites are located in central Wyoming on the south side of a natural gap or pass through the Bridger Mountains to the west and the Bighorns to the east. The majority of the samples were concentrated in or around Feature 1 at Site 48FR3317. Feature 1 is a deep charcoal and rock-filled pit that is currently believed to be a roasting pit feature. A radiocarbon age on charcoal from the bottom of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Jaime Dexter. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Sites 5DA 1951 and 5DA 1957 are multi-component sites within the boundaries of the Rueter-Hess Reservoir Project in Douglas County, Colorado. Radiocarbon dates and diagnostic artifacts obtained from the sites indicate occupations ranging from the Early Ceramic through the Middle Archaic periods. A mano and metate, along with soil control samples, were washed and examined for pollen. Additionally, twenty bulk sediment samples were floated to recover macrofloral remains. Pollen and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney. Cynthia Adkins.

Pollen and macrofloral analyses were undertaken on samples from two overhangs located within about 50 meters of each other in the Little Park area of Mesa County, Colorado. Pollen analysis has the potential of providing information concerning vegetation at the time of occupation or at the time represented by each sample, if that is different. Macrofloral analysis examines the contents of hearths and ash lenses and has the potential of identifying both fuel and any plants that might have...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Seven sites in Nine Mile Canyon, Carbon County, Utah, were excavated during monitoring of the Bill Barrett Corporation’s Peters Point to Dry Canyon Pipeline. A total of 17 fill samples collected from various thermal features that included a roasting pit, a hearth, features associated with two pit structures, unprepared hearths, a possible buried hearth, soil stains, and an unknown feature were submitted for pollen and macrofloral analysis. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were collected from pithouse, hearth trash midden, and roasting pit fill at sites AR: 03:09:03:270 and AR: 03:09:03 -276 in the Prescott National Forest, central Arizona. Ceramic artifacts suggest that both sites are affiliated with the "Prescott Tradition". Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to address prehistoric subsistence activities at these sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from eight sites at different locations on the Island of Tinian were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. These sites were extensively disturbed by World War II activity. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning plant resources available to and possibly utilized by the various occupants of these sites. This information will aid PHRI, Inc. in addressing research questions concerning prehistoric site structure, site sequence, and duration of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from sites 42Sa22846, 42Sa22859, 42Sa22862, and 48Sa22864 in the Lisbon Valley of southeast Utah were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Pollen and macrofloral samples were recovered from upper and bottom levels of fill in one of two adjoining slab-lined cists at 42Sa22846, from fill of both a slab-lined roasting pit and an inner slab-lined pit at 42Sa22859, from fill of a possible unprepared hearth at 42Sa22862, and from fill in a stone circle that might represent a pine cone...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Thomas E. Moutoux. Laura Ruggiero.

The Navajo Route N9(5-1) study area is located on the Chaco Slope of the southwestern part of the structural San Juan Basin in the southern part of the Colorado Plateau in northwestern New Mexico. Sites in the project area are associated with the Peach Springs Chacoan community. The overall goal of this research is to understand the organization and function of the Peach Springs Chacoan community. Organization may range from egalitarian through the highly stratified and centralized. This...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from features at six sites for the WIC Medicine Bow Lateral Pipeline Project in southeast Wyoming were examined for macrofloral remains. Seven ground stone samples from 48C02672 also were washed for pollen. These sites represent several occupations ranging from 5390 to 210 BP. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the various occupants of these sites.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Samples from a pit structure at the Alldredge Site (AR-03-04-06-648) in Sedona, Arizona, were examined for pollen andmacrofloral remains. The abundance of plain Alameda Brownware ceramics suggests that this site is affiliated with the Southern Singua culture, sedentary agriculturists who occupied the Verde Valley from about A.D. 1-1425. In addition to the feature samples, a modern surface pollen sample was examined to provide a control for the pollen samples taken from the features. Pollen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Sanples from eroding and e^^xDsed features at the Broken Blade Wickiup Village (Site 5RB3182) in northwestern Colorado were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. The site consists of multiple concentrations of firecracked rock, ash-stained hearths, modified tools scattered on the surface, and the remains of a Ute wickiup and exterior work area. A large number of bison bones were found, suggesting that bison hunting may have been the main activity at this site. The site appears to be...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined from the fill of a discrete ash lense in the side-wall of an incised wash at the Catacombs Curve site (26Ck4943) in southwest Nevada to determine if the feature is natural or cultural in origin. A control sample from unit fill also was examined. The Catacombs Curve site is an open, ceramic period artifact scatter located in the Newberry Mountains near the eroded granitic rock formation known as the “Catacombs”. The site is identified as ancestral...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from Sites AZ U: 1 : 31 (ASM), AZ U: 1 : 34 (ASM), AZ U: 1 : 42 (ASM), and AZ U: 1: 102 (ASM) in northern Maricopa County of south-central Arizona were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. These sites are located immediately next to the Cave Creek Sanitary Landfill and are believed to be Hohokam sites of either the late Santa Cruz (A.D. 750-950), Sacaton (A.D. I 950-1150), or Soho (A.D. 1150-1300) phase. Sites AZ U:1 :31 (ASM), AZ U:1:34 (ASM), and AZ U:1:42 (ASM) contain...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Two sediment samples were collected from depths of 9 feet and 10-11 feet below the surface, apparently within prehistoric fill of a backhoe trench for the Coal Street Extension. Pollen and macrofloral analysis were conducted on these samples to identify plants represented in these records and to examine the record of vegetation. In addition, analysis of these samples was considered exploratory because pollen analysis had not been attempted on sediments from this area previously.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Site CA-SJO-2981, located in present day Stockton, California, is an historic privy site situated on a large acreage that was owned and built upon by Judge Charles M. Creanor. Judge Creanor was a wealthy and historically important figure in Stockton during the mid-nineteenth century. He constructed a large home on the Stockton Channel in the 1850s and resided there until his death in 1882. Thousands of artifacts were identified at the site, including liquor and medicine bottles, ceramic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Soil samples from the Garapan Project on the island of Saipan were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Marsh samples, bulk soil samples, and a known petroleum-contaminated sample were recovered from various trenches in the area. Pollen and macrofloral analyses were used to determine the effects of contamination on pollen and cultural remains, as well as identify evidence for typical wetland vegetation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Paul M. Miller.

The James W. Hatch Site (36CE0544) is located 80 meters west of Slab Cabin Run, a tributary of Spring Creek near the base of Nittany Mountain, Centre County, Pennsylvania. Site surroundings include Millbrook Marsh Nature Center, a marsh ecosystem preserve, and the Pennsylvania State University campus. The geology of the site demonstrates complexly folded and faulted Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks, which is common in the western Appalachian Mountains. Diagnostic lithic finds recovered...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Four strata from a unit just outside a housepit depression at the Lee Site, 45GR756, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site consists of house depressions on top of a mesa in the Columbia Plateau, Washington. Pollen and macrofloral analysis also was conducted on fill from a housepit rim feature, which yielded a calibrated age of 1280-1070 BP. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide paleoenvironmental and subsistence information concerning plant resources...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman. Jaime Dexter.

Fill from three shallow stain features at the Monte Sereno Site, LA 79934, in Santa Fe, New Mexico, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site consists of a ceramic sherd and lithic scatter on a ridge top. Features from this site yielded radiocarbon ages in the 1400s, indicating a Pueblo IV occupation. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide information concerning prehistoric plant gathering and processing activities at the site, as well as to assist in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from several features at the Pleasant View Compressor Station (Sites 5MT10820 and 5MT11431) in southwest Colorado were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. These sites represent Pueblo II and Basketmaker III habitation sites. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to answer questions regarding resource utilization, such as types of plants utilized, relative importance of each plant, processing techniques, and distribution within the site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Six samples from two units along the beach fronting the village of Tanapag on the northwest side of Saipan were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. These samples were recovered from an area where field tests showed positive results for PCBs. Pollen and macrofloral analyses functioned to provide a data base that will serve as a control for interpreting future samples from this area.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined from three sites in the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site of southeast Colorado. These sites represent a series of Late Prehistoric rockshelters with multicomponent occupations, including the Developmental period (AD 100- 1050), Diversification period (AD 1050-1450), Protohistoric period (AD 1450-1725), and historic period. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide information concerning subsistence strategies utilized by the various...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from trenches at a site in Kern County, California, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site was excavated as part of the proposed Beacon Solar Electric Project in the Fremont Valley of eastern Kern County. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide paleoenvironmental data, as well as subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized by the site occupants.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik.

Loko Kaipuni (SIHP # 50-80-14-4573), a Hawaiian fishpond located in Waikīkī, O’ahu, Hawai’i, was used during both the pre-Contact and historic periods. In 1919 and 1928 it was filled with coral dredge from the Ala Wai Canal. A sediment sample collected from the center of the monitor trench excavation was submitted for pollen and macrofloral analysis to establish baseline environmental information for the vicinity of the fishpond and to answer questions of how the fishpond was used.

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

White Sands National Monument is located in the Tularosa Valley of south-central New Mexico. The Monument is situated entirely within the northern reaches of the Chihuahuan Desertscrub biome. Because the Tularosa Basin has no external drainage, plants tend to be dominated by halophytic types including four-wing saltbush, and alkalai sacaton. The water table in the basin is perched upon an impermeable clay layer that allows plant types such as sumac and cottonwood, normally found in more...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

One pollen sample, six flotation samples, and four charcoal samples were examined from shallow hearths at Site LA107831 in southeast New Mexico. Diagnostic artifacts suggest occupation of the site sometime between AD 500 and 1300. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning possible plant resources processed in the hearths.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Soil samples from a prehistoric burial, Site 5RT1006, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. Site 5RT1006 is the burial of a male, possibly in his late twenties to middle thirties. A toolkit was found buried with the body. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning season of burial and/or information concerning foods consumed by this individual prior to death.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen analysis of forty-nine stratigraphic samples from Mokapu Peninsula was undertaken to understand past vegetation. Pollen samples were submitted from individual stratigraphic layers at several locations in the project area. Two lenses also were sampled for macrofloral remains. No specific research questions were identified for consideration during this analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from a small thermal feature at site 10EL17 in southern Idaho was examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This feature exhibited a cluster of river cobbles, many of which were thermally altered, and it is believed to be a hearth or possible roasting feature associated with a late prehistoric Shoshone occupation. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the prehistoric occupants of the site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

The fill from three hearths at site 48SW13143 in southwest Wyoming was examined for pollen, starch, and macrofloral remains. This site consists of a low density scatter of lithic debris and some fire-cracked rock, and it is believed to represent a secondary lithic workshop associated with reduction of locally available lithic resources. Four shallowly buried hearths were exposed during pipeline construction. Pollen, starch, and macrofloral analysis of the fill from three of the hearths will...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from six features at site 41BS611 in Big Bend National Park, Texas, were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. These features represent shallow, basin-shaped hearths/thermal features capped with fire-cracked rock. This site is noted to be a large, multicomponent, open campsite containing surface features and deposits of flaked stone and ground stone artifacts. Pollen and macrofloral analyses will be used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the occupants of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings. Jaime Dexter.

Samples from the fill of three shallow basin hearths at site MDU 8-35C in west-central Wyoming were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. The hearths were identified during road construction in the Wind River Basin. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning plant resources utilized by the occupants of this site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney. Kathryn Puseman.

Three sites on Flat Iron Mesa in San Juan County, Utah, were sampled for pollen or macrofloral remains to provide evidence for plant resources utilized by the occupants of these sites. Poorly preserved hearths at 42SA22469 and 42SA22475 were sampled for macrofloral remains. Awash of a mano and a soil control sample from 42SA22477, a small rockshelter, were analyzed for pollen.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Fill from a large trash midden was sampled for pollen and macrofloral remains. This feature dates between 1897 and 1903 and exhibited groups of artifacts arranged spatially across the area. Pollen and macrofloral analyses was undertaken to help provide information concerning feature function.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A small habitation site was recovered in an alluvial basin along Anegam Wash east of the Sheridan Mountains in southern Arizona. The site was occupied from Hohokam through historic Papago times. Pollen and macrofloral analysis examines a small roasting pit, and the pollen record addresses contents of a trash midden. Paleoethnobotanic analysis focuses on the identification of evidence of subsistence activities.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Samples from the fill of two roasting pits at Site 48WA1354 in the Bighorn Basin of north central Wyoming were analyzed for pollen and macrofloral remains. A flat rock also was recovered from one of the roasting pits and washed for pollen. Uncalibrated radiocarbon dates from the features range from 1280 to 1420 BP and suggest use during the Late Prehistoric period. Pollen and macrofloral analyses are used to provide information concerning possible plant resources utilized and/or processed...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Peter Kováčik. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 45WH268 is situated within the reservoir setting of Ross Lake in a remote area of the North Cascades National Park, Whatcom County, northern Washington. Culturally rich levels were sampled for pollen and macrofloral analysis to identify plant-related activities and local vegetation at the time of use.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were examined fran three excavation units in front of Building 48 at Harper's Ferry National Park inWest Virginia. Since trash was dumped in front of this building, one or more of these excavation units may include trash deposits. Building 48 was constructed during the 1820s and probably housed the armory workers until the Civil War. After the Civil War, Building 48 served as a tenement until the 1950s. It is the pre-Civil War period that is represented in...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Peter Kovacik. Linda Scott Cummings.

Site AR0308030704 is a possible prehistoric site containing a “ring midden” roasting pit, located in the Lincoln National Forest, New Mexico. A soil sample from the roasting pit was submitted for pollen and macrofloral analysis along with two charcoal samples for identification. Potentially AMS radiocarbon datable materials were separated and one sample was selected for dating. Lithic fragments collected at the site suggest middle to late Archaic Period occupation; however, Apache occupation,...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. Linda Scott Cummings.

Pollen and macrofloral samples were recovered from the Sleeping Rainbow Ranch, site 42WN1885, in Capitol Reef National Park, Utah. This site contains both prehistoric and historic components. Pollen samples were collected from a historic stone masonry structure, possibly a fruit cellar, and from an unknown prehistoric trench-like feature. In addition, a control sample was collected from the modern ground surface. Macrofloral samples were taken from the prehistoric trench-like feature and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Peter Kováčik.

Site LA 72048 comprises a U-shaped mound that partially surrounds a depression, stains, a rock alignment, and an extensive midden deposit. It lies on a bench southeast of Tijeras Arroyo in Bernalillo County, New Mexico (Douglas H. M. Boggess, personal communication August 11, 2016). Pollen samples from a stain (Feature 4) in the midden and fill from a bowl sherd collected from the backhoe trench were compared to a modern control sample to interpret economic activity. Two macrofloral samples were...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 42WS1220 is an open campsite located in the Saint George Basin, Washington County, Utah. The site is situated on three active dunes along the eastern side of Cottonwood Wash with Interstate 15 north-bound lanes running through it. The site produced multiple features, lithics, ground stones, and ceramics dating between the Archaic period and the Puebloan and South Pauite periods (Aaron Woods, personal communication, November 14, 2018). Two thermal feature fill sediments were submitted for...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Twenty-five pollen and twenty macrofloral samples were submitted for analysis from the Water Users Site (AZ U:6:23(ASM)). Samples were collected primarily from structures and features to build a data base for the vegetal portion of the subsistence. Both pollen and macrofloral analyses will contribute to an understanding of resource production and procurement and site function. The nature of the subsistence base and degree of self-sufficiency of the community may be addressed. Possible seasonal...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Salvage archaeological mitigation of site 42SA16011 in San Juan County, Utah delineated a large oval, slab-lined cist/oven and accompanying shallow ash midden area. Excavation of this cist revealed five distinct stratum, which were sampled for pollen and/or macrofloral analysis in an effort to define the plants that may have been prepared or cooked within this feature. A radiocarbon date from the floor of the cist is reported as AD 140 + 80.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott.

Three Fremont sites in western Utah were the object of pollen and macrofloral analyses as part of archaeological testing. Sites 42Md771 and 42Md749 are located in the alluvial valley plain of the Sevier Desert, while site 42Md767 is situated on the floor of Snake Valley near the Nevada/Utah line. The sites were primarily lithic and ceramic scatters, although two sites contained datable hearths. Site 42Md771 yielded a radiocarbon date of AD 1030 _+ 80, while site 42Md767 produced two...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Four archaeological sites in the Vermilion Cliffs area approximately 26 miles east of Kanab, Utah were sampled for pollen/macrofloral analysis during archaeological testing. These Kayenta-Virgin Anasazi sites are located in the Sonoran vegetation zone or southwestern Utah. Local vegetation includes primarily Juniperus (juniper), Artemisia (sagebrush), and Graminae (grasses). Pollen and macrofloral analyses at these sites were directed towards the identification of the floral portion of the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Kathryn Puseman.

Two bilge samples from an eighteenth century English shipwreck off the coast of Bermuda were submitted for pollen and macrofloral analysis. Analyses concentrated on identifying remains present for the purpose of substantiating an English origin of this vessel and the presence of coal residue.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Forty pollen and macrofloral samples have been analyzed from 5DA29, a rockshelter situated along the South Platte River in the Pike National Forest to the southwest of Denver. The pollen and macrofloral or flotation sampling was aimed at gathering both paleoenvironmental and subsistence data relevant to the occupation of this rockshelter, which spans a period from approximately 5000 to 250 BP. The occupation of this rockshelter appears to have begun shortly after its formation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Kathryn Puseman. R.A. Varney.

Soil samples from the lower fill of a deep, slab-lined fire/roasting pit at site 5SM232 on the Uncompahgre Plateau in southwest Colorado were examined for pollen and macrofloral remains. This site is a multi-component archaeological site containing diagnostic artifacts dating from the Middle Archaic to the Protohistoric periods. Charcoal from the pit yielded a conventional radiocarbon age of 6780 ± 80 BP, indicating an Early Archaic occupation. Pollen and macrofloral analyses were conducted...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Twenty sites in the Antelope Creek Study Area in the Eastern Powder River Basin of Wyoming have been sampled for pollen and macrofossil analysis. These sites are located on the terraces above Antelope Creek, which is a tributary of the Cheyenne River. Macrofossil analysis of soil samples from 45 hearths and 7 samples from occupation surfaces at these sites, as well as pollen analysis of soil from 25 of the hearths and 6 occupation surfaces was completed in connection with archaeological...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Three pollen and three soil samples from an Archaic encampment (5EA484) near Basalt in Eagle County were submitted for analysis. Site 5EA484 is located in a pinon/juniper forest at an elevation of 6810 feet along a bench above Blue Creek in the Roaring Fork River Valley in west central Colorado. The pollen samples were taken from the present ground surface, from the fill of a slab-lined roasting pit or firehearth (F eature 2), and from a layer 20 cm below the present surface. The soil...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda J. Scott. PaleoResearch Institute.

Ten pollen samples from five prehistoric hearths (site 5MF95B) were submitted for analysis by the Powers Elevation Company. The site is located in Section 12, T 11N, R 100W, Moffat County, Colorado, during the archaeological monitoring of well pad and access road construction. The sampling design employed at this site was developed and implemented by the archaeologists at powers Elevation. The fill of five hearths exposed by the bulldozer prior to well pad construction were sampled, as...

DOCUMENT Full-Text R.A. Varney.

The East Franklin Mountain fault is located in the area of EI Paso, Texas. A paleoseismic trench across the fault encountered at least three buried soils. The third of these, 13Kb3, radiocarbon dated to 29,520 ± 260 BP, was sampled as suspected cienega deposits in order to assist in determinating vegetation in the area during the time of development of this soil. Samples were analyzed for pollen and plant macrofossils. Modern vegetation on the alluvial fans in the area consists of sparse...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux. Kathryn Puseman. Laura Ruggiero.

Four pollen samples and one macrofloral sample from a pit house (Feature 1) at Site AZ U: 1 0:33(ASM) in southern Arizona were examined. This site is a prehistoric village consisting of several pit houses and numerous trash mounds. Subsistence practices and settlement patterns were among the research objectives of this study. Pollen and macrofloral analyses of these samples will provide data to assist in understanding subsistence practices at this site and might be helpful in interpreting...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A stratigraphic pollen column was examined from the sediments at 5EP935, associated with Crow's Roost, a prominent sandstone cliff. An intermittent creek, Black Squirrel Creek, flows west of the cliff to eventually drain into the Arkansas River. A series of sites are noted along the base of the cliff, ranging in age from Archaic through Early Ceramic, with possible Middle and Late Ceramic components (McDonald et al., n.d.). Site 5EP935 is located near the extreme southern end of the cliff...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney. Melissa K. Logan.

Eight archaeological sites along the Anadarko Howell Salt Creek CO2 Pipeline project were sampled for pollen to identify paleoenvironmental conditions along this transect in central Wyoming. In addition, pollen analysis of housepit floors and ground stone addresses questions of subsistence. Use of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) assists in identifying subsistence patterns at these sites through identification of organic residue from samples representing hearths, housepit...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

The Buck Draw site (48SW883) is located northeast of Wamsutter, Wyoming on the eastern flank of the Great Divide Basin. Three components were identified in the field and radiocarbon dated to 1400 ± 50 and 1820 ± 70 BP for Component I (the upper component), 5970 ± 50 BP for Component II (the middle component), and 5930 ± 40 BP and 5840 ± 40 BP for Component III (the lower component). Pollen was examined from sampled collected both inside and outside of features. In addition, FTIR (infra-red)...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two samples from metates recovered at sites LA 49917 and LA 17041 in Eddy County, New Mexico were examined for pollen and organic residues, the latter using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Pollen analyses will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized by the various occupants of these sites. FTIR analyses will be used to provide information concerning organic residues present on the groundstone.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Rabid Ruin (AZ AA:12:46(ASM), located on the geomorphic floodplain of the Santa Cruz River in North Tucson, Arizona, represents an extensive Hohokam Classic period (A.D. 1150- 1350) village. Samples from a plastered-floor pithouse were examined for pollen and organic residues, the latter using the FTIR. Pollen analyses will be used to provide subsistence information concerning plant resources utilized by the various occupants of this site. FTIR analyses will be used to provide information...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Site 48CR310 contains evidence of multiple occupations along the northeastern margin of the Ferris Mountains in central Wyoming. Component 1, an intensive occupation, represents a short-term bison processing camp. Component 2 represents an ephemeral occupation. Four stratigraphic samples were examined for pollen evidence of vegetation and fill from a thermal basin was examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). FTIR analysis provides information concerning...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Site 48CR332, a multicomponent site, is located along the southeastern margin of the Ferris Mountains in central Wyoming. It is situated at an elevation of 6250 feet above sea level at the mouth of Sand Creek Canyon. The canyon is formed by the Ferris Mountains to the west-southwest and Bear Mountain to the south- southeast. A small intermountain basin opens to the north-northeast of the site. Nine stratigraphic pollen samples represent all five components noted at the site, which range from...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan. R.A. Varney.

Seven fill samples from a housepit site (48NA4588) in Natrona County, Wyoming were submitted for pollen and organic residue analyses. Samples were examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Analysis of pollen and organic residues are used to gain information regarding diet and food processing, as well as to identify the paleoenvironmental signal.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Three core samples recovered from two underwater sites (GA426 and HI178) on the outer continental shelf off the Texas coast in the Gulf of Mexico were submitted for pollen and organic residue analysis. Two of the samples were examined for organic residues using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and two were examined for pollen. Pollen and organic residue analysis will be used to determine if the core samples represent sites on land or deposition of floral remains blown to sea.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Melissa K. Logan.

Twenty-one sediment samples from seven culturally modified pits excavated into lava flows in the Pohakuloa Training Area, Hawai’i were submitted for pollen and organic residue analysis. Six additional sediment samples from a Hawai’ian Petrel nesting area on Mauna Loa, located in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park, were submitted as FTIR control samples representing modern avian activity. These samples were made available specifically to answer the need for identifying the possibility that the...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site 41AT232 is located near Metate Creek in Atascosa County, Texas. A large midden was sampled to recover pollen that would reflect plants that were discarded at this prehistoric open camp. In addition, a single burned clay object was recovered and examined for organic residues using the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) to identify foods that might have been cooked in proximity to this burned clay object.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Thirteen pollen and two organic residue samples were examined from 10-OI-5377, a site exhibiting evidence of multiple occupations located in Owyhee County, Idaho. Pollen analysis addresses research questions concerning the past environment and the possibility of change in local vegetation over time. In addition, examination of pollen and organic residue recovered by washing a metate contribute to an understanding of subsistence activity at the site.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Leon Family Farmstead, AZ 88:13:505 (ASM), was occupied between the mid-1840s and the early 1920s. The Leon Family was one of the wealthier Mexican families in Tucson. They farmed along the Santa Cruz River, raised cattle, and operated a store. Samples were collected from a variety of locations at this site, including borrow pits, a possible garden plot, and an ashy layer in a well to examine pollen that might represent food and/or ornamental plants. If human waste was deposited in any of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Four pollen/parasite samples, representing three outhouses were examined from the Connie Chambers archaeological project. These outhouses were used primarily between the 1890s and 1920s. Historic records indicate this area of Tucson was settled by working-class Mexicans in the late 19th century. Pollen and parasite analyses were conducted on these samples to examine evidence for diet and parasitic infestation.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Reher Historical Site, located in the City of Kingston, Ulster County, New York, housed a kosher bakery operated by the Reher family in the early 20th Century. Sample 1796.36.1 was collected from Feature 16, a stone-lined drain that passes beneath stone walls and a brick catchbasin in an urban, rear courtyard. Sediments from this feature were submitted for parasite and pollen analysis to assist in determining the function of this drain.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site LA 158037, located in downtown Santa Fe, New Mexico is comprised of seven selfcontained vault privies from the 20th century (ca 1910 to 1935), which held Hispanic and Anglo waste. A total of seven coprolite samples, one from each of the seven self-contained vault privy features, were submitted for pollen and parasite analysis. The goal of the analysis was to identify foods consumed by and parasites resident in the population that used these privies.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

A wood-lined privy (F. 493), associated with a 19th Century town, on Shippingport Island, Louisville, Kentucky, was sampled to recover pollen that might inform concerning foods eaten and parasite eggs that might indicate what parasites people using this privy were host to.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The San Jose Heinlenville-Nihonmachi Project is located in downtown San Jose on the city blocks bounded by Taylor Street, North Seventh Street, Jackson Street, and North Sixth Street. Features include several wood, ceramic, and iron sewer pipes discovered through a series of trenches placed across what once was the back of house lots. This portion of Heinlenville, known as Chinatown, was built in 1877 and occupied until 1931 when the John Heinlen Company went bankrupt. Current use of this entire...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Six pollen samples were examined from the Harper Terraces (46JF237) in Lower Town Harpers Ferry. These samples represent modern fill through a probable occupational level. Pollen analysis was undertaken to provide information concerning local historic vegetation and use of the terrace. In particular, evidence for gardening was sought.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Four soil samples were collected from the walls of two backhoe trenches at Agat. Backhoe Trench 1 was placed through an old agricultural terrace located at the edge of the rice growing lowlands. Backhoe Trench 2 transected an area that had been used for rice cultivation prior to and during World War II. Pollen and phytolith analysis was directed at recovery of evidence of prehistoric agriculture.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Chad Yost.

Five additional samples from the Middle Trench at the Badger Hole site (34HP193) in the panhandle of Oklahoma were submitted to further evaluate the pollen and phytolith records from this site. Previously, one sample from the Badger Hole site and three from the Military Trail site were examined for pollen and phytoliths to determine the extent of preservation. The Badger Hole site is located approximately 300 m from Jake Bluff. Preliminary results from the first sample from the Badger Hole site...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. R.A. Varney.

Companion pollen and phytolith samples were examined from eight samples representing five Individual sites In Great Sand Dunes National Monument, Colorado. These samples all represent fill from charcoaI stains, possible hearths, basin-shaped hearths, or deflated hearths. The objective in collecting and analyzing these samples was to obtain information concerning the plants that the occupants of these sites chose to cook in these features. It is also a fact that fill samples record evidence...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Twostratigraphic columns were collected along Lime Creek and examined for pollen and phytoliths. The Red Smoke site is situated upcreek less than half a mile from the Lime Creek site, examined previously (Cummings 1990), and the Stafford site is another 1.5 miles upstream from the Red Smoke site. A basal date of 9820 + 80 BP was obtained for the Red Smoke site. An upper date was determined to represent unrelated channel fill. Dates near 10,500 BP were obtained for both the top and bottom of...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Mattei Site (38BU1765) is a Late Archaic site situated on an elevated marine sand deposit in an upland area of the Atlantic coastal strand near the May River in Beaufort County, South Carolina (Daniel Elliot, personal communication, November 12, 2019). Stalling Phase pottery sherds, chert tool fragments, and multiple features were noted at the site. Sediment samples were collected from two distinct features and submitted for pollen and phytolith analysis.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Three pollen and one phytolith sample were examined from 41BT215 to evaluate preservation and potential for contribution to paleoenvironmental interpretations. All samples were stratigraphic from widely spaced contex ts. Two modern samples were collected and examined from different vegetational zones.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

The Two Tbads Site (48NA1079) exhibited evidence of multiple occtpatians. Radiocarbon ages indicate that these occtpatians cluster around 5170-5330 BP for the earlier occupation and 4150 BP for the later occupation. Both pollen and phytoliths were examined from the stratigraphic profile to interpret paleoenvironmental changes. In addition, pollen sanples were examined from the fill of various pits to provide subsistence information. Starch granules were recovered regularly fran the pollen...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

Stratigraphic samples were collected at 6 cm intervals through deposits of an ancient playa associated with archaeological site 48PA2405. Four strata were recorded, the lowest representing an organic mat that probably represents Pleistocene deposits, an organic silty-sand-clay level that yielded a radiocarbon age of 18,570 ± 170 BP based on organics collected between pollen samples 38 and 42, followed by fine silty sand deposits, and finally soil as the uppermost stratum. Given the early...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith samples were collected at wide intervals from a stratigraphic profile at 5BL2431 to assess major trends in the paleoenvironment, as well as to provide stratigraphic controls for the interpretation of pollen recovered from groundstone washes. Seven pieces of groundstone were washed for their pollen to provide information concerning exploitation of plants as food by the occupants of this site. Two cultural levels, representing the Early Ceramic Period...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Two burials were excavated at the Ehrlich Site (5WL1813) on a terrace slope approximately 200 yards west of the present South Platte River in Weld County, Colorado. Secondary bundle burials were placed in small shallow pits after defleshing. Ihe South Platte River may have flowed approximately within 100 feet of the burial site at the time these bodies were buried. Both the male and female are represented, and burial goods were recovered only with the female. Style of kurial and...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Four pollen and four phytolith samples were analyzed from three fea tures at 9RI165 to provide information concerning local vegetation at the time the site was occupied. Pollen and phytolith samples from this Historic site represent occupations between the 1820s and the 1880s. Pollen and phytolith analysis has concentrated on three features, which include a woodlined privy from the 1860s, a large brick well/cistern associated with a postbellum brick dwelling (1870s-1880s), and an historic...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

The Abingdon Plantation site (44AR18) is situated on previously level terrain approximately 60 feet above sea level overlooking the Potomac River in Arlington, Virginia. Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith analysis was performed at close intervals on a series of seven samples from a column in Unit 21. These samples represent Stratum F, which should represent 18th century occupations and may contain garden deposits, as well as a small amount of the overlying Stratum E, which has been dated to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings. Thomas E. Moutoux.

The Abingdon Plantation site (44AR18) is situated on previously level terrain approximately 60 feet above sea level overlooking the Potomac River in Arlington, Virginia. Stratigraphic pollen and phytolith analysis was performed at close intervals on a series of fourteen samples from a column in Unit 21 and eight samples from Unit 70. Samples from Unit 21 represent Stratum F, which represents 18th century occupations and may contain garden deposits, as well as a small amount of the overlying...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Five sediments samples were selected from Site Ca-IMP-7750 for pollen and phytolith analysis. Two samples were collected from the floor or immediately above the floor in a house structure. Two additional samples represent midden outside the house. The fifth sample was collected as a control sample beneath the midden. Pollen and phytolith samples were examined to provide evidence concerning subsistence activities at this site, which appears to have been a fish camp.

DOCUMENT Full-Text Linda Scott Cummings.

Site Ca-Ora-665 is located in the foothills between Pelican Point and Pelican Hill. Three uncorrected shell dates ranging from 4800 ± 90 BP to 4980 + 70 BP place occupation of this site within the Milling stone Horizon. Pollen and phytolith samples were analyzed from rock clusters, hearths, in association with groundstone, and from a burial to examine the subsistence and plant utilization record at this site. In addition, a pollen column was examined from an off-site area to act as a...