Society for Historical Archaeology 2017

DOCUMENT Citation Only Susan R Snow. Alexis Artuz. Laura Tenen.

This paper will discuss the results of the archaeological investigations that were conducted as part of the establishment of a platted reburial area at Mission San Juan. The discovery of human remains during the stabilization and restoration of the Mission San Juan church led to a creative partnership between the Archdiocese of San Antonio and the National Park Service to provide a respectful reburial area that complied with the Texas Health and Safety Code, and did not compromise the integrity...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lu Ann De Cunzo.

The Middle Atlantic region is drawing renewed interest among historians, especially during the era of first colonial settlement in the 17th century. Some are reassessing the prominent role of the Lenape and Susquehannock peoples in the course and outcomes of the encounters. Others are challenging previous interpretations of the contests among Dutch, Swedish, and English imperial actors for control over this borderland. Although these scholars are rethinking the concept of frontier, the spatial,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mike Whitehead. Ben L. Ford.

This paper presents the results of recent metal detection surveys conducted by Indiana University of Pennsylvania at Fort Necessity National Battlefield, Fayette County, Pennsylvania.  Fort Necessity was a hastily fortified storehouse located within a historically significant landscape known as Great Meadows.  On July 3 1754, British Colonial forces led by George Washington defended Fort Necessity against a small army of French soldiers and French-allied Native Americans.  The Battle of Fort...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dorothy L Sprague.

A goniometer was used in situ to measure the curvature of the frames and the dimensions of the keel of the Pillar Dollar Wreck in Biscayne National Park, FL.  Using this information, an approximation of the hull shape and general curvature of the ship was generated in Rhino. The shape was rotated to an upright position based on the angle of the top of the keel as it lay in on the sea floor.  The data that was collected was used for an approximate reconstruction.  With a reconstructed keel, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda E Balough. Bryan Mitchell. Mark D Groover. Christine Thompson.

Urban landscapes were active environments in the past that present unique challenges during site investigations.  During summer 2016 students and staff with Ball State University conducted excavations at the site of Fort Recovery, an early Federal period fort constructed in 1793.  Site investigations in the town lot consisted of two GPR surveys and the excavation of a ca. 40 square meter area.  Field results revealed the town lot was intensively used from the 1790s to the 1940s.  Based on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Kennedy.

The hull of the Lake Champlain steamboat Phoenix II, built in 1820 and retired in Shelburne Shipyard in 1837, was archaeologically investigated over the course of three field seasons by a team of nautical archaeologists from Texas A&M University and the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum. A reconstruction of Phoenix II from the archaeological material promises to fill several significant gaps in our understanding of the development and diversification of steam technology. To date, only one other...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah A. Grady. Esther D. Read.

During the eighteenth century, Port Tobacco was a bustling port town located along the Port Tobacco River in Charles County, Maryland. Today it is a small village with few surviving structures and no commercial establishments. Between 2008 and 2011, systematic archaeological survey of the town defined the locations of many of the town’s early buildings. We recently began a new phase of research within the remains of a print shop. Our current excavation builds on earlier work and allows us to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Bridget A Bennane.

Orleans Landing is a multi-block urban archaeological site in Detroit with remains dating to the 19th and early 20th centuries; this neighborhood reflects the fast-paced growth of the city during the period. In 2014-15 Orleans Landing was excavated by a CRM company and in 2017 the artifacts were turned over to Wayne State University for cataloguing, analysis, and storage. The collection contains about 30,000 artifacts and covers multiple building lots. This poster presents artifact analysis...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Idah M. Whisenant.

Pend Oreille City was a steamboat landing town and one of the earliest settlements in North Idaho. From roughly 1866 to 1880, it served as a waypoint through the Idaho panhandle for travelers during early Euroamerican settlement of the region. As with many frontier towns, Pend Oreille City faded. In recent years, local interests have driven efforts to rediscover the site and appreciate its role in Idaho territorial history. The CLG grant offered the opportunity to collaborate with the University...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jason, T. Raupp. Melissa Price. Kelly Gleason Keogh. John Burns.

The 2015 documentation of a wrecked tanker at Maro Reef and its subsequent identification as that of the United States Naval Ship Mission San Miguel makes an important contribution to both the maritime heritage and ecology of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Despite the fact that the American military’s critical need for petroleum led to the construction of scores of tankers, this site represents one of the few extant examples of this important vessel type. These unglamorous, yet hardworking...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lily Carhart.

The blacksmith shop at George Washington’s Mount Vernon is situated roughly 200 ft. north of the mansion house and was extant in that location from at least 1762 through Washington’s death in 1799. This period featured multiple reorganizations of the grounds and dependencies, in particular the area between the mansion and the blacksmith shop was converted from a work yard to the formal North Grove. The remains of the blacksmith shop and related archaeological features have been excavated on five...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brendan J. M. Weaver.

In excavated contexts at the vinicultural haciendas of San Joseph and San Francisco Xavier de la Nasca, refined earthenwares of British manufacture first begin to appear in post-1767 strata. This period marks the Jesuit expulsion and the expropriation of the estates by the Spanish Crown. Administrators for the Crown likely found it difficult to replicate the material conditions on the haciendas under their Jesuit predecessors and turned to other exchange networks for provisioning the newly...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lindsay Bloch.

Ceramics analysis, particularly the identification and dating of ware types on historic sites, structures our inferences in critical ways. However, our ware types and production date ranges are sometimes built on incomplete information about the origins of these wares. The Coal Measures region of Great Britain, encompassing production centers such as Staffordshire and the major port of Liverpool, was the source for a variety of earthenware products, both coarse and refined during the colonial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Pippin.

The discovery of human remains in the SUNY Oswego archaeological collection in 2005 led to a ten year inventory process to fulfill our responsibilities under NAGPRA. From the beginning, our fundamental difficulty was the overall lack of documentation and information about the materials comprising the Oswego collection. Difficulties with the existing catalog and storage condition of the materials heightened the difficulties of inventory process. Many of the sites represented in our collection...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Madeline Bourque Kearin.

American asylum medicine, the precursor to psychiatry, was predicated on an environmental approach to the treatment of mental illness: specifically, upon the creation of a curative environment that would rigorously organize patients’ exposure to sensory stimuli. This paper combines documentary records, evidence from surviving architecture, and geospatial renderings of the landscape in order to access those stimuli – consisting of the sights, sounds, smells, and tactile qualities of the natural...

DOCUMENT Citation Only jean Cascardi.

Site 44FX0543, located in the western Piedmont region of Fairfax County at Ellanor C. Lawrence Park, has had a long debated function by archaeologists and historians. A problematic interpretation of the site function as an enslaved African American dwelling dating to an unknown temporal period of ownership was the result of misinterpretation of landscape, previous archaeological investigations, and the likely misinformation gained through second-hand oral histories of the parkland. The research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nicole M. Weber.

23SC2101, also known as the Louis Blanchette Site in St. Charles, Missouri, is a multi-component site with both French Colonial and Native American levels. Lindenwood University discovered two outbuildings on the site, and two Native American features. Field schools partially excavated the floors of the outbuildings, discovering what are probably Native American artifacts in one of these.  The Native American artifacts found at the site are possibly linked to Blanchette’s Native American wife,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Frederick Smith.

Archaeological investigations at St. Nicholas Abbey sugar plantation, St. Peter, Barbados are providing new insights into the changes that occurred in Barbados during the transition from slavery to freedom. In the late eighteenth century, members of St. Nicholas Abey's enslaved population lived in a village surrounded by sugarcane fields on Crab Hill. Many of the former enslaved workers remained at Crab Hill during the tenatry period that followed emancipation in 1834. Archaeological evidence...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Quinn. Craig N. Cipolla. Jay Levy. Michael Johnson.

For over twenty years, the Mohegan Archaeological Field School (Mohegan Reservation, Uncasville, CT) has combined indigenous knowledge, sensitivities, interests, and needs with archaeological perspectives. The current iteration of the field school works specifically to bring Mohegan knowledge and archaeology into critical dialogue with academic research and teaching, focusing on the excavation and analysis of archaeological sites from the 18th and early 19th centuries. This poster emphasizes...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Pruitt.

In the history and archaeology of early Chesapeake gardens, there is an absence of the ladies. This paper seeks to reframe the discussion of "scientific gardening" to address the ways that assumptions about gender in the present can skew the presence of women in the past. It was not uncommon for the ladies of the house to be in control of the greenhouse and kitchen gardens of plantations. Despite this commonly female involvement in the cultivation and experimentation of plants, scientific...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Margaret A Comer.

This paper will compare and contrast tangible and intangible forms of memorialization and commemoration at two ‘dark heritage’ sites from the period of the Soviet Union’s Great Terror in the late 1930s. Both the Butovo firing range, near Moscow, and the 12th Kilometer, near Yekaterinburg, are mass graves of Soviet citizens shot during Stalinist repression. Both are now sites of individual and public remembrance, with mass ceremonies occurring several times each year. However, the narratives of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Molly L Trivelpiece.

In today’s archaeological environment full excavation is almost impossible due to a lack of funding. In order to gain a broad picture of a wreck, the archaeologists at the St Augustine Lighthouse and Maritime Museum collect a wide sample of field specimens, not knowing what artifacts may lay inside the concretions. It isn’t until after the concretions have been x-rayed that conservators can determine which concretions may contain the most useful diagnostic information and start the conservation...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mike Whitehead. Ben L. Ford.

Fort Necessity National Battlefield commemorates the July 3, 1754 confrontation between British Colonial forces led by Lt. Col. George Washington, and an army of French soldiers and allied Native Americans in present day Fayette County, Pennsylvania.  Although Fort Necessity was little more than a hastily fortified storehouse, the resulting engagement was a significant event in the life of Washington and was a prelude to the French and Indian War.  This paper presents a summary of ongoing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mary Elizabeth Ibarrola. James Davidson.

For three summers University of Florida researchers have worked at the Bulow Plantation, a large sugar plantation in East Florida founded in 1821 and destroyed by fire in 1836 during the Second Seminole War, in an attempt to understand the parameters of enslavement at that site.  In 2014 and 2015, the UF Archaeological Field School completely exposed the footprint of Cabin 1; relatively few artifacts were recovered, including an almost complete lack of buttons, beads, and other personal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrice L Jeppson.

This Robert Schuyler-dedicated Symposium paper considers three of Schuyler’s contributions to the field—his reflections on historical archaeology’s potential for the study of American national identity as a cultural and evolving process (1971, 1976), his call for an awareness of the importance of cultural context in archaeology research (1973), and his writing about the importance of conducting historical ethnography (1988). These foundational ideas shaping historical archaeology practice are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Yoon Kyung Shim.

The forced dislocation of West Coast Japanese Americans to incarceration camps during WWII deeply affected community formation, leadership, and livelihoods. The dislocation had barely been carried out when the War Relocation Authority (WRA) conceived and put into action a program of controlled (re)movement east. This "resettlement" did not play out as administrators had hoped. This paper traces the resettlement of Japanese Americans in Chicago during and immediately after the war (1943-1950),...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Gregory Waselkov.

A societal "frontier" is always a relational concept. What looks like a periphery, whether imagined as a line or a zone, from one vantage point may from another look like an invaded heartland. The diverse nature of French colonialism in North America suggests the complexity of frontiers it induced. I review my 1981 article, "Frontiers and Archaeology," with perspective gained across thirty-five years, to consider whether the frontier concept has any current utility for the archaeology of French...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Theotokis Theodhoulou. Brendan Foley. Dave Conlin.

In 1900, Greek sponge divers stumbled upon what was to become one of themost iconic and fabulous shipwrecks ever found in the Mediterranean close to the tiny Greek Island of Antikythera- the Antikythera shipwreck.  Over the course of several perilous months of diving, despite  numerous episodes of the bends and a fatality, the divers recovered a treasure of Classical bronze and marble statuary and the famous Antikythera Mechanism- the world's oldest known mechanical computer.   Since 2013,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel M Cuellar.

Indianola, Texas was the commercial gem of the western Gulf of Mexico during the height of its existence, from the late 1850s until its abandonment in 1887. Responsible for much of the commerce entering western Texas and the western territories via the Gulf of Mexico, Indianola has been largely overlooked archaeologically, despite a high potential for the presence of a significant amount of cultural materials.  A team of archaeologists from Texas A&M University, the Institute of Nautical...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily A Jateff. Em Blamey.

  The Australian National Maritime Museum and the Australian Maritime Museums Council invited regional maritime museums to submit local content, or ‘shipwreck stories’, for a nationally travelling banner exhibition on Australian shipwrecks. The final graphic panel exhibition, Submerged: stories of Australia's shipwrecks, is produced by the ANMM, touring nationally and free of charge from 2018. Host venues may display their own/loaned objects with the graphic panel exhibition and are provided...

DOCUMENT Citation Only George E. Avery. Morris K. Jackson. H.F. "Pete" Gregory. Tom Middlebrook. Tommy Hailey.

This presentation will give updates on the following 18th century Zacatecan Missions:  Guadalupe, Dolores, and San Miguel.  Mission Guadalupe has not been found--some clues to its location will be discussed.  Kathleen Gilmore called Mission Dolores, "Mission Impossible," because she had difficulity locating it in the early 1970s.  James Corbin of Stephen F. Austin State University (SFA) did eventually locate the site and conducted the major excavations in the mid-1970s and 1980s.  A...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher P. McCabe. Timothy H. Ives. Rod Mather.

In 2017 the Rhode Island Historical Preservation and Heritage Commission teamed up with the University of Rhode Island’s Applied History Laboratory to create a Geographic Information System (GIS) incorporating the state’s complex assortment of archaeological and historical sites. With support from the National Park Service, their objective is to collect and share the stories of Rhode Island through an effective and sustainable geospatial database of known archaeological sites and properties in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only pete regan.

Mulberry Island, a peninsula on Virginia’s James River and home to Joint Base Langley-Eustis’ Fort Eustis, is a trove of cultural resources. Among its more than 230 archaeological sites are dozens of indentured, enslaved, and tenant laborers’ ephemeral homesteads. Relatively few sites associated with its economically advantaged minority have been discovered on Mulberry Island, leaving a gap in the archaeological record compounded by the loss of antebellum public records during the Civil War....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert Chartrand.

Jamestown Island contains low-lying terrain with archaeological sites, known and unknown, threatened by sea level rise.  Using data acquired from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was created using a Light Detection and Ranging Remote Sensing technique (LIDAR) to identify cultural sites and assist in planning for cultural remediation. Four scenarios of sea level rise modeling were created based on historic trends and projected environmental events...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lotte E Govaerts.

The 1803 Louisiana Purchase included most of the present-day states of North and South Dakota. I study the US colonization of this area, particularly the Upper Missouri Basin. During the mid-twentieth century the Smithsonian’s River Basin Surveys (RBS) program investigated several nineteenth century historic sites associated with the earliest US presence in the area including fur trade posts, US military and government establishments, and sites associated with US settlement. I study RBS...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Feit.

The EP & NE rail system in New Mexico was built between1898 and 1903. This railroad system immediately became a critical economic force, opening an uninhabited frontier of deserts and mountain forests to exploitation. The EP & NE system also comprised an immense sociopolitical machine that controlled vast lands, timber and mineral resources, water rights, and towns. This talk discusses the historical context for the railroad, and its impact on the settlement of eastern New Mexico. Archeological...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Anna Agbe-Davies.

Robert Schuyler has been at the forefront, not only of historical archaeology, but also the archaeology of ethnicity.  Although historical archaeology had examined intercultural settings (the very stuff of ethnicity) from its inception, these themes were under-articulated in its early years.  One of the earliest steps towards a research agenda was Schuyler’s edited volume Archaeological Perspectives on Ethnicity in America.  This paper examines the themes of his contributions to that...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Benjamin C. Pykles.

As we celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Society for Historical Archaeology, it seems appropriate to reflect on the history of historical archaeology at large. Although scholarly works on the history of the field are few, Robert L. Schuyler has been a steady advocate for and contributor to such work throughout his career. Over the last fifty years, he has consistently called for the need to document and preserve the history of the field. Equally important, he made...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kristen R. Fellows.

As one of the first historical archaeologists to publish on issues of race and ethnicity, Robert Schuyler’s legacy on such topics has been carried forward by many of his students. My research centers on a free black American enclave who settled on the island of Hispaniola, enslaved laborers on plantations in the Caribbean, and an African American brothel owner and the women who worked for her in Fargo, ND. While all of these projects are united through a focus on race, identity, and power...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stacey Whitacre. James Page. Carolyn Rock.

In 2015, Brockington conducted Phase III Data Recovery at a nineteenth century slave and freedmen settlement within the larger Colonel’s Island Plantation in Glynn County, Georgia. Prior to block excavations, we utilized heavy machinery to clear intersecting lanes along cardinal directions on a 10-meter grid across the site. We conducted systematic metal detection along these lanes and recorded all finds and anomalies, such as nail clouds, with a sub-meter accuracy Trimble and plotted our finds...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Karen E. McIlvoy.

In the early decades of the nineteenth century, Southern plantation owners sought to incorporate time consciousness into their production methods in a bid to enter the emerging industrial capitalist economy of the United States. However, mechanical time, regulated by the clock instead of nature, was at odds not only with the natural cycles of the sun, but also with the very institution running the plantation economy: slavery. History documents that plantation managers attempted to use clocks,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Ellison. Ryan C. Phillip. Alyssa N. Cheli.

During the 18th and 19th centuries, California Rancho adobe residences were the center of daily interactions between laborers, visitors, traders, owners, and overseers. Common interpretive recreations of the region’s adobe residences emphasize the land owners and residential uses of adobe structures. This is done to the exclusion of understanding the pluralistic nature of the adobe uses in space and time, and the diverse community of colonists and indigenous laborers who worked and lived within...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Nathaniel R King.

S.S. Thomas T. Tucker, a U.S. Liberty Ship operated by the Merchants and Miners Company on behalf of the US Maritime Commission, was part of the 42-ship convoy carrying material to the British African Front during World War II. The ship was reported lost in action carrying an assortment of British lend-lease and wartime purchase cargo. This disarticulated beach shipwreck site provides an ideal educational opportunity for students to conduct basic pre-disturbance archaeological recording,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amber J Grafft-Weiss.

Field schools offered by the University of Florida between 2006 and 2013 yielded exceptional potential to understand the lifeways of enslaved Africans who lived and labored at Kingsley Plantation, located on Fort George Island in Jacksonville, Florida (1814-1839).  In 2013, excavations included a high-density deposit discovered in front of a slave cabin. It resembled an ordinary trash pit in some ways, but also contained some objects that have been associated with ritual or religious activity in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Misty M. Jackson. Kenneth J. Vrana.

Music has often taken maritime disasters for its theme, and Great Lakes wrecks claim no shortage of songs. Some were written at the time of the disaster, and others appeared years later, reviving the memory of the event.  In an effort to understand the relationship between shipwrecks, folk traditions, memory, and preservation of the wrecks themselves, this paper will focus on four famous Great Lakes shipwrecks: the Lady Elgin, the Eastland, the Rouse Simmons (a.k.a. the Christmas Ship), and the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth A. Long.

This investigation of historical ceramics is conducted on a collection that dates from 1886 to 1915. Saenger Pottery Works was in operation from c.a.1885 through c.a. 1915. The size, form, and function variability of the ceramics inform about production techniques used and what forms are preferred over others. The issues in provenience and provenance are discussed because the pottery, while attributable to the site, do not have records of surface collection. Background research is a joint effort...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grace Tsai. Megan C. Hagseth.

Salted beef has been referred to by a 19th-century historian as the "food of sailors," and was the staple of the naval diet between the 16th to 18th centuries on all European vessels—nearly every shipboard account from this period mentions salted beef being eaten on board. Although also consumed on land, it was especially important at sea, where food decayed at faster rates and fresh supplies were often unavailable for long durations. This paper explores shipboard salted beef from an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claudia Chemello. Shanna L Daniel. George Schwarz. Kimberly Roche.

In 2015, the Naval History and Heritage Command Underwater Archaeology (UA) Branch received the remains of Royal Savage, a Revolutionary War vessel which sank in Lake Champlain in 1776 following service in the Battle of Valcour Island. UA archaeologists and conservators are employing a combination of traditional methods and modern technology to document, research and preserve this important piece of U.S. Navy history. To record the more than 50 remaining timbers, UA archaeologists are utilizing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jed Levin.

Over the past half century Robert Schulyer’s penetrating intellect and rigorous scholarship has had a deep and sustained impact on the development and maturation of the field of Historical Archaeology. His impact has been nowhere as profound as in his role as a mentor to generations of students. Not a few of those students share the common experience of having their professional career course sent careening, topsy-turvy, in unanticipated directions under the influence of Schulyer’s catholic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meta F. Janowitz.

Robert Schuyler’s Historical Archaeology: A Guide to Substantive and Theoretical Contributions was first published in 1978 and is now in its fifth printing. The Guide was the first work to gather together some of the most important founding documents of the relatively new field of historical archaeology and is still in use in undergraduate and graduate courses today. This paper will review the themes of that volume, as selected and edited by Dr. Schuyler, and will discuss how the ideas put forth...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laurel Seaborn.

Wives, sisters, daughters and nieces of captains lived at sea on merchant and whaling ships that sailed from New England during the 19th century. Their outer world may have expanded while voyaging to distant ports around the globe, but their physical world contracted severely. Spatial analysis of the rooms women lived in reveals the amount of space they inhabited within a ship. In 1856, Henrietta Deblois noted that she could not go forward to the fo’c’sle where the crew bunked. Seafaring women...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Colleen Betti. Anna Agbe-Davies.

The authors organized an excavation on the site of the Pauli Murray Family Home in 2016.  Murray was a fierce advocate for equal rights, especially on behalf of African Americans and women.  In her autobiographies she traces her refusal to follow the scripts available to "Negro" "women" in the early 20th century to her upbringing among extended family in Durham, North Carolina.  The session abstract urges contributors to consider how historical archaeology can inform contemporary strategies for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kenneth Kelly.

Saint Domingue was the most important European colony of the Caribbean region, producing vast amounts of wealth through the labor of enslaved Africans and their descendants.  It was also the setting of the only large scale slave revolt that succeeded in overturning the slavery system.  In spite of this importance to Atlantic studies, African Diaspora studies, and historical archaeology, very little substantive research has been conducted on sites associated with the dwelling places of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark Wagner. Ryan Campbell.

 Lewis and Clark recruited 11 soldiers from the small US Army outpost of Ft. Kaskaskia (1802-1807), Illinois, in 1803 to join their expedition to explore the American west. This event traditionally has been identified as having occurred at a 1750s French fort of the same name. 2017 SIU summer field school investigations within the fort walls successfully located the remains of the French occupation but found no evidence of use by the US Army. Archaeological investigation of a nearby hilltop,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert. Marine Sadania. Noémie Tomadini. Jean-Jacques Maréchal. Franck Bigot.

In 2015 a first campaign led to the identification of the Saintes Bay’s wreck as the Anemone, a French schooner built in 1823 in Bayonne and used as a custom ship in Guadeloupe. It was lost in Saintes Bay in September 1824 during a hurricane. The second campaign focused on gaining a better understanding of the site. Test trenches were opened that looked to exposing the wreck structure to enable a more precise recording of the timbers and gain a better interpretation of shipbuilding techniques of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Linda Scott Cummings. R. A. Varney.

Material from the root canal of a teen male from Jamestown was removed for study including microscopic analysis.  Examination of the material, transported on sealed slides to PaleoResearch Institute, yielded starches, fungal hyphae, pollen, and fibers.  Options for safe transport and transfer of materials to working microscope slides are discussed.  Principals of microscopy, including having no air in the working light path between the microscope slide and the coverslip, are important to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Charlotte Goudge.

  The typological and scientific study of trade beads in Native American contexts has contributed a great deal to understanding contact period sites (ca. 1607–1783). The Cape Creek site, NC is a perfect example of British-indigenous connectivity in the contact period and is important for understanding interaction in the Southeast. Unlike other studies of this type that mostly focus on mortuary sites, Cape Creek is a village settlement and will therefore provide a different view of day-to-day...

DOCUMENT Citation Only LisaMarie Malischke.

French Fort St. Pierre was a completely failed colonial endeavor from start to finish. Applying a post-colonial approach to the site, I realized that the power dynamic between the French ‘colonizers’ and the ‘colonized’ Yazoo, Koroa, and Ofogoula peoples was essentially reversed. To understand this reversed power dynamic from an indigenous viewpoint, I took an ethnohistorical approach to the written record. To understand the events that unfolded between the French and Native peoples of the Yazoo...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean Lammie.

Initially excavated in 1980, the historic cemetery at Fort Brooke (1824-1883) contained the remains of 146 soldiers, white settlers, Seminoles, and African Americans. Very little analysis of these burials exists beyond identification to determine group affiliation, age, and gender. This paper looks at Seminole deathways, which persisted and represented a discord with the Anglicized burials of white settlers and soldiers. An analysis of grave goods might provide insight into the organization of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth C. Clay.

Throughout Robert Schuyler’s career he has mentored leading scholars in the field and continues the tradition of mentorship to this day. As one of his final PhD students, I’ve benefitted from his years of experience, his contribution to forging the discipline of historical archaeology, and his extensive network of former students. All have been invaluable to my growth as an archaeologist. With a liberal advising style, he expects his students to pursue their own research interests and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Adrian T. Myers.

A planned 30 km long paved path connecting the towns of Tofino and Ucluelet through Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, on the West Coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, prompted an opportunity for an archaeological assessment of a cross section of this coastal Canadian National Park. The survey recorded over 25 historic sites that together illustrate a multi-layered past of historic settlement and use of the area which included homesteading, mining, logging, Second World War and Cold War...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Grace Tsai. Christopher Dostal.

The basic concepts of brewing beer have remained unaltered for several centuries, but many other trends such as the ingredients and methods to brewing that affect beer’s alcohol content, nutritional value, and taste, have changed since the 17th century. This paper covers a short history of beer-making in the 16th and 17th century and how past brews differ from present-day brews. The experimental archaeology procedure for replicating historical beer today is also recounted to understand the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maryland Archaeological Conservation Laboratory Federal Curator.

At the Maryland Archaeological Conservation Laboratory (MAC Lab), the philosophy on collections is "Yes, you can have access to that," and making access a top priority has delivered valuable and surprising results. This paper is a tale of two artifacts from 1980s collections that have been reexamined and re-identified in the past year and a half: a possible lamb intestine condom from a ca. 1720-1750 well (originally catalogued as "paper?"), and a cilice recovered from a 19th-century Jesuit...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kathryn E Sampeck.

This paper considers the intertwining of chocolate-related material culture, representation in paintings and drawings, gender, and recipes across the colonial French Atlantic world. During the eighteenth century, chocolate moved from being an exotic luxury to a daily necessity. In fact, chocolate was one of the crucial items that Loyalist escapees from the French Revolution asked for when they moved to French Azilum in Pennsylvania. During this time, chocolate also became increasingly gendered,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John M Hyche.

From 1850 to 1860, the Blue Ridge Mountains were home to roughly 1,900 Irish laborers as they worked on the construction of the Virginia Central Railroad. Upon its completion, the railroad  stretched from Norfolk, Virginia, to the Ohio River. Along the Blue Ridge Mountains, several cuts and tunnels were constructed by the Irish immigrants including the 4,263ft Blue Ridge Tunnel. In 2011, a local non-profit organization, focused on pinpointing the remains of Irish shantytown homes, contacted the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kevin Fogle.

The late antebellum period witnessed the rise of an agricultural reform movement aimed at revitalizing the southern plantation system. Soil degradation from intensive cash crop cultivation contributed to the decreasing productivity of once prosperous farmland in many southern communities. Drawing on Enlightenment principles and scientific farming innovations such as crop rotation, fertilization, and soil chemistry, this progressive agricultural discourse attempted to maximize the efficiency of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Calvin Mires. Victor T Mastone. Laurel Seaborn. Jennifer E. Jones. Leland Crawford.

  In 2015, the first accredited maritime archaeological field school took place under a partnership between Salem State University, NPS, NAS, the PAST Foundation, SEAMAHP, and the Massachusetts Board of Underwater Resources. Examining a 19th-century schooner on the North Shore of Massachusetts, this field school launched two successive years of educational programs that spring boarded deeper research into historical, environmental, and methodological questions, for collaborating scholars. This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher P. Morris. Jimmie Crider.

In a world after the wrath of Superstorm Sandy, recovery efforts lead to an accidental run-in with a mysterious historic shipwreck. Now with a powerful gang of state and federal agencies breathing down their necks, can a rag tag team of maritime archaeologists, conservators, surveyors,  and deep core drillers use 3D laser scanning, and computer modeling to make sense of this mess before the task order runs out ?!

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tricia Dodds. Matthew S. Lawrence. Deborah Marx.

California’s Sonoma Coast is a rugged and beautiful seashore with a wealth of natural resources extending from kelp forests to redwood groves. Humans have interacted with this marine environment for thousands of years; it has shaped their lives and they have left their mark on the landscape. During the mid-19th and early 20th century, the Sonoma lumber trade greatly affected the coastal environment as it contributed to the economic development of the American West Coast. In 2016, California...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Patrick Severts. Joel Bohy. William Rose. Charles Haecker. Douglas Scott.

This poster presents the results of a live fire experiment with Colonial and Revolutionary War firearms. It is a beginning of investigations of late pre-modern gun use. Firearms were a central feature of combat for the past 600 years and a significant vector of political, ecological, and cultural change. Experimental archaeology has emerged as a rigorous approach to the study of material reflections of human behavior. In the live fire experiment, we observed impacts of experimentally fired balls...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Terence A Christian. Kristen L. McMasters.

As part of its mission to advance the understanding, preservation, and protection of our nation’s battlefields, the National Park Service’s American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP) is investigating the use of military terrain analysis (KOCOA, MET-T, etc.) on naval or amphibious engagements in American waters. The variable landscapes associated with these battlefields necessitate further research. Maritime battlefields can yield important information on a comparatively understudied aspect...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily Schwalbe.

Early submarines faced many logistical challenges, one of them being the ability to steer and navigate while submerged. The Civil War submarine H.L. Hunley was no exception to this problem. Hunley’s depth and direction while in operation were the responsibility of its captain, who sat in the forward most crew station and, according to the historical and archaeological record, determined the vessel’s course based on a compass and dead reckoning.  Recent archaeological study has begun to...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda L Murphy.

As many as 300,000 abandoned historic cemeteries exist in the United States today, yet as few as 0.4% of these are protected from disturbance by listing on the National Register of Historic Places. While NAGPRA also protects Native Burial sites on public land, and federal regulations such as ARPA shield some additional archaeological resources, the remainder of ancestral dead of all ethnicities are vulnerable to exhumation during construction. The archaeological excavation of such cemeteries may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Joseph A. Downer.

This paper discusses how ESRI Story Maps can aid in the interpretation of archaeological sites to both the public and professionals alike. Story Map technology offers us a way in which to share archaeological data and narratives to a global audience by incorporating text, high-resolution photographs, videos, and interactive maps into a user-friendly, web-based application. As a component of ArcGIS, Story Maps enable users to employ a vast amount of geospatial tools, conduct detailed analysis,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Emily A. Schwalbe.

This presentation examines the tension between nineteenth-century Southern gender expectations of upper-class femininity contrasted with the necessities of wartime. It will assess whether this tension is evident in the material record by analyzing the cargo of Confederate blockade runners entering the affluent ports of Wilmington and Charleston. By examining the cargo from blockade runners, as well as looking at historical records, this presentation will draw conclusions about what women wanted...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Zachary J Harris.

There is no singular theoretical model that explains the life cycle of the Cuban chug. Its creation as a single use vessel is singularly unique to boat construction. The vessel must be strong enough to withstand and ride the Florida Current, constructed of materials that are readily available to the average Cuban citizen, and be able to be transported and launched quickly to avoid detainment by Cuban authorities. Once a chug reaches the territorial waters of the United States its passengers will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire P. Phelan. Janet Adamski.

This paper will examine the sinking of HMAS Sydney in the Indian Ocean on 19 November 1941, by the German raider, SV Kormoran. All hands on the Sydney were lost, a total of 635 men, one-third of the nation’s Navy. The fate of the Sydney has always remained controversial, due to the lack of survivors. Despite numerous attempts, investigators consistently failed to trace the wreckage of either ship until 2008, when the crew of SV Geosounder located both vessels, thus closing one of the most tragic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erin Hegberg.

In 2016 the Office of Contract Archeology surveyed 9,466 acres of private land in northeast New Mexico. The block survey included several entire homestead allotments belonging to Hispanic families between 1900 and 1940. Due to their location on private land, many of the sites are in relatively pristine condition. Analysis of the sites, architecture, and archival documents was a unique opportunity to understand how these dispersed Hispanic homesteaders relied on each other and organized into a...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Courtney J. Birkett.

Since 2010 the Fort Eustis Cultural Resources Management staff has been conducting a program of annual site monitoring visits in which each of the more than 200 known archaeological sites on Fort Eustis is visited at least once a year.  The monitoring program has provided a baseline knowledge of site conditions and regular opportunities to observe any disturbance.  This paper will discuss the benefits of site monitoring at Fort Eustis, including how improved knowledge of the landscape and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Carolyn Rock.

Most archaeological studies of slave communities analyze structural remains and household debris to interpret lifeways of the enslaved occupants as a group, and perhaps how this group may have changed over time or how it differed from the lives of the overseer, the planter, or slaves in other communities. The assumption has been that most slaves within a community exhibit similar status and acquisition of goods. Our excavations of five dwellings within a nineteenth century field slave settlement...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Catrina Whitley.

Fashion depicts many aspects of a person's life; from socioeconomic status to personal taste.  Emmie Baker Scott followed the trends of fashionable dress from childhood to her death in 1885.  Her skeletal remains and clothing reveal her family's emphasis on emulating the upper class and the presentation of an ideal Victorian era female figure.  Born to a doctor, his occupation would have brought wealth and social standing to the family.  Emmie might have been scrutinized with increased pressure...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Norton. Kimberly Kasper. Jon Russ. Jamie Evans.

At Ames Plantation in Western TN, excavations on the Fanny Dickins Slave House Site (1841-1853) have yielded a plethora of information about the everyday lives of the enslaved population. However, little is known about the smoking habits of these dynamic individuals. More can be revealed through employing multiple lines of evidence to generate nuanced understandings of choices surrounding the use of specific pipes and the varieties of plants smoked, such as tobacco and jimson weed. Conducting...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Roberto Junco.

In 2006 a survey was carried out in the north coast of Guerrero, Mexico that pointed to possible smuggling activities related to the route of the Manila Galleon. Several dozen shards of Chinese porcelain were recorded. Analysis of the Chinese porcelain determined that the collection was part of one depositional event and can be attributed to the late XVI century. In the collection are several common types such as phoenix plates, bowls and cups. Related to the porcelain was a ceramic type known...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Robert L. Hoover.

A Program of multimedia geopysical survey of the entire complex of Mission San Antonio is being conducted over a multiyear period.  A great deal of information has been gleaned from non-destrucrtiuve, non-intrusive research allowing achaeologists to focus more clearly on specifiuc areas of interest and provide an inventory to help land managers to preserve as much of this-well preserved archaeological site as possible. The project highlights the benefil of the results of collaboration between...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah E. Harvey.

The South Blairsville Industry Archaeological District near Blairsville, Pennsylvania includes the remains of an early twentieth century plate glass factory and associated workers’ housing.  Between 1903 and 1935 the factory produced plate glass for numerous applications, including storefront windows and automobile windshields.  The factory and housing are linked to major themes of industrial change, the development of modern infrastructure, and the experiences of immigrant workers.  An...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James D. Spirek.

In 2014, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management’s Office of Renewable Energy Program signed a Cooperative Agreement with the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium to explore potential Wind Energy Areas (WEA) offshore in South Carolina’s portion of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). Project objectives included conducting geophysical and archaeological survey of the seafloor 11-16 miles offshore North Myrtle Beach and Winyah Bay at future WEAs. The project deployed a suite of marine electronic...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Franklin H Price.

Florida has the largest collection of prehistoric dugout canoes in the world. The state also has a large collection of historic dugouts, some of which pose interesting challenges in terms of identification. In particular, one mysterious and distinctive historic dugout canoe type is exhibited in three examples from south Florida, one from the Everglades, another from the Florida Keys, and the last reportedly found near Key Biscayne. These canoes are characterized by a robust hull, carved thwart...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mitch W Marken.

This paper discusses the purpose and meaning of markings found impressed into pottery vessels, beeswax blocks, or carved into silver bars and possibly other trade goods shipped aboard Spanish galleons between 1500-and 1800. The paper will discuss examples recoverd from shipwrecks from the trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific trade, archival evidence and modern correlations. 

DOCUMENT Citation Only David J. Breitkreutz.

The colonial settlement of Hanna’s Town is a vital connection to Pennsylvania’s frontier history. The significance of the Hanna’s Town site to regional heritage is represented by the effort expended by the Westmoreland County Historical Society on archaeological and geophysical projects that have taken place at the site since 1969. However, after numerous investigations, questions remain about layout of the Hanna’s Town settlement. This proposal suggests a model for the investigation and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Claire Norton. Kimberly Kasper. Corena Hasselle.

Throughout ten-years of excavation in western Tennessee, a more nuanced picture of 19th century everyday life in the antebellum South has emerged. With over twenty contiguous plantations on the 18,400-acre contemporary Ames land base, we compare specific characteristics of material culture from large (3,000+ acres) and small plantations (300-1000 acres). Our research focuses on Fanny Dickins, a woman with the financial means to purchase and run a small cotton plantation in Western Tennessee....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Caitlyn I Gorman. Genevieve C Cameron.

This paper examines the results of the chronological analysis of glass tops and bases from several sites along Main Street in St. Charles, Missouri.  Bottle fragments from both intact and disturbed contexts are used to help provide chronological context to these urban site locations.  Further comparison with diagnostic materials from the undisturbed levels, along with possible functional categories of the bottle fragments, will also be discussed relative to possible site functions.

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jason B Wenzel.

This project investigates the ways in which tourism destinations, namely resorts and hotels, structure the leisure experiences of their guests. Through an exploration of aspects of consumer patterns within tourism contexts, I integrate documentary and archival materials with archaeological data recovered from dense trash deposits excavated from two early-twentieth century resorts in Florida:  the Fort George Club at Kingsley Plantation and the Oakland Hotel in west Orange County. The findings...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Matthew C. Greer.

Despite decades of archaeological research on enslaved communities, few studies have directly addressed the impact of the forced movement of Black women and men between sites of slavery.  Such relocations could dramatically alter the lives of enslaved individuals by removing them from their existing social networks and inserting them into a new community where such connections would have to be created anew.  While ongoing excavations at Belle Grove Plantation (Fredrick County, Virginia) are...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jean-Sébastien Guibert. Max Guérout. Laurence Serra. Marc Guillaume.

Saint-Pierre, Martinique has been considered the Pompeii of the West Indies. The entire city is an archaeological site sealed by the 1902 Mount Pelée eruption. Its bay is also a shipwreck graveyard due to the disaster. Since the discovery of these shipwrecks in the 1970s, archaeological research beginning in the 1990s has demonstrated the archaeological potential of these sites. Recent research conducted on the port’s dump and the Guinguette Wreck, linked with the earlier chronology, shed light...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Regina M. Meyer.

When considering cultural landscapes, military installations are unique due to their development through continued use for defense-related purposes. As a result of this active use, military cultural landscapes continue to evolve, changing yet staying the same in terms of function. As a military base, Camp Clark has been in operation for over one hundred years and boasts the oldest National Guard rifle range in the state of Missouri. Camp Clark was established on April 28th, 1908, as a result of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher K Dvorscak.

As the University of West Florida continues to survey Pensacola waterways, many new anomalies have been discovered.  One of the most significant is a 105’ long sidewheel steamer, which was located in the Blackwater River using side-scan sonar.  The shipwreck’s three distinct sections – the bow, boiler, and propulsion-related machinery in the stern – remain mostly intact.  The most indicative of the artifacts examined are bricks associated with the boiler that have the name "KILLIAN" impressed on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John P Schlagheck.

Stoneware has long been held by archaeologists as a problematic artifact category.  Stoneware is troublesome to date with any precision, difficult to source, and decidedly less flashy than even the most pedestrian porcelains.  However, a study of the stonewares from the Manila galleon wreck site Baja California, in the form of sherds from large utilitarian storage jars, is an opportunity for gaining additional knowledge about the contents of a ship that, in the late sixteenth century, was in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiina Väre. Juho-Antti Junno. Markku Niskanen. Milton Núñez. Sirpa Niinimäki. Jaakko Niinimäki.

The custom of burying beneath church floors, commonly practiced among the early modern elite, is responsible for the mummification of the remains of a Northern Finnish vicar, Nikolaus Rungius (c.1560–1629). The mummy of Vicar Rungius exhibited since the 18th century is the source of several local stories. A computed tomography (CT) imaging performed on his remains allowed examining his anthropometric features, but it also revealed indications of pathological conditions of which the Vicar may...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Rachel Black. Chad Caswell. Leslie Johansen.

The last few years has seen a rise in the development of tools and technology that enable the collection of archaeological data directly into electronic formats using handheld devices such as tablets and smartphones. These applications not only eliminate traditional paper collection issues but also decrease in-field collection errors and reduce post-processing times. This poster will focus on the utilization of Petroglyph, an application specifically developed for the first phase of a research...

DOCUMENT Citation Only James Hunter. Paul Hundley. Kieran Hosty. Irini A Malliaros.

In February 2017, maritime archaeologists affiliated with the Australian National Maritime Museum and Silentworld Foundation conducted a survey of Kenn Reefs. Located at the far eastern extremity of Australia’s Coral Sea Territory, this reef system was an uncharted hazard to navigation in the middle of the ‘Outer Route’, a shipping corridor used by nineteenth-century mariners wishing to avoid transiting through the Great Barrier Reef. Not surprisingly, several shipwrecks occurred at Kenn Reefs...