Society for Historical Archaeology 2017

DOCUMENT Citation Only Khadene K Harris.

Archaeological interest in postemancipation life on plantations has received significantly less attention than those dating before emancipation. The resulting neglect misses several opportunities to unveil the complexities of postemancipation social and economic life and the impact of full freedom on the material and spatial practices of formerly enslaved individuals. I show how both planters and free people reorganized their physical surroundings and what this reorganization can reveal about...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Laurie A. Wilkie.

In the late 1860s, the frontier army provided opportunities for black Civil War veterans, displaced northern black workers and formerly enslaved men to develop careers.  During the Civil War, black soldiers had successfully won the fight for equal pay, and the military was a rare space that offered regular pay, educational opportunities, and limited opportunity for upward mobility.  The segregated cavalry and infantry units of the black regulars, however, quickly became posted in some of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jenifer C. Elam. RPA.

Tomkins Cove, a scenic, mountain-side community an hour’s drive north of New York City, was the setting of the House of the Good Shepherd orphanage (1865–1893) established and directed by Reverend Ebenezer Gay Jr. under the supervision of the Episcopal Diocese of New York. The orphanage and the later Fresh Air institutions (1894–1973) that occupied the same property on the west bank of the Hudson River relied on small monetary and other donations from the public to carry out their activities....

DOCUMENT Citation Only April M. Beisaw.

Since the occupation of Alcatraz by the Indians of All Tribes (1969-1971), Native American and First Nation protests have been well-documented through a variety of media. Unfortunately, many Americans and Canadians lack the background necessary to understand the messages being conveyed. For example, after the National Park Service began including the Alcatraz occupation in their site interpretation, I witnessed visitors discussing how inappropriate it was to celebrate a prison riot. More...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Marley Brown III.

Through a series of brief case studies drawn from archaeological research in Plymouth, Massachusetts, Portsmouth, Rhode Island, Williamsburg, Virginia, St. George's, Bermuda, and Bridgetown, Barbados, this paper examines how American historical archaeology has developed its understanding of Britain's establishment of its colonies throughout the New World. It is argued that the gradual but significant shift in geographic scale from regional specialization to frameworks like the Atlantic World,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher M. Grant.

The effects of the Haitian Revolution on the city of New Orleans have been the subject of historical inquiry for several decades. Scholars have detailed the political and cultural transformations that were set into motion when some 10,000 refugees arrived in the port city from the Saint-Domingue. While it is acknowledged that they contributed heavily to everyday practices in New Orleans, the extent to which the refugees - and free people of color in particular - actively sought to preserve the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jack Gary.

A sealed context dating to the mid-17th century at Poplar Forest, Thomas Jefferson’s plantation and retreat in Bedford County, Virginia has provided an opportunity to examine aspects of the protohistoric environment prior to the introduction of large-scale European agriculture in the 18th and 19th centuries. Palynological analysis conducted on this context reveals ratios of arboreal to non-arboreal pollen as well as the presence or absence of disturbance indicators that provide a baseline for...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jannie N Scott.

The mobility patterns of rural black southerners who relocated to southern cities during the early 1900s is an often-overlooked topic in discussions of early twentieth century rural to urban migration. Using geographic information systems (GIS) software to map and analyze census records, city directories, and other historical documents, this paper presents a micro-level case study of the migration and settlement patterns of former residents from Antioch Colony, Texas between the years of 1900...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kendy Altizer.

A comparative analysis of three plantations along the Santee River, including The Marsh at its delta, Peachtree near mid-river, and Waterhorn in the back river, will be conducted to serve as a case study for understanding how domestic architecture, as well as designed rice culture landscapes, developed within the unique context of the Santee River system. Analyzing architectural and landscape details of these plantations, including the placement of outbuildings and housing for the enslaved in...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan M. Bailey.

Recent excavations at Monocacy National Battlefield in Frederick, Maryland, revealed slave quarters associated with L’Hermitage, an 18th-19th c. plantation. L’Hermitage was owned by the Vincendière family, who settled in Maryland after having abandoned their plantations in Saint Domingue (present-day Haiti) to escape increasingly urgent slave rebellions. A careful study of these dwellings provides an opportunity to illuminate two important aspects of the built environment. First, I will explore...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan D. Postemski.

Trails, paths, and roads comprise the landscape of movement. As these features accumulate in the landscape, they form a palimpsest, attesting to changing modes and patterns of human movement through time. This project examines the historic trail network in and around Fort Union National Monument (FOUNM) in New Mexico. During the nineteenth century, Fort Union served as guardian of the most prominent thoroughfare, the Santa Fe Trail, which channeled people, wagons, livestock, goods, and ideas...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Andrew Van Slyke.

The Siege of Pensacola, fought in 1781, was the culmination of Spain's conquest of the British province West Florida during the American Revolutionary War. Associated with this event was the loss of HMS Mentor, formerly, the American-built Who’s Afraid. According to the vessel’s log, the 24-gun sloop of war was sent up "Middle River" to be scuttled and burned as Spanish General Don Bernardo de Gálvez led his troops into Pensacola Bay. Recently uncovered historical documents have led...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dustin W Conklin.

In the early 20th century, agricultural professionals classified the farmland located along the Hector Backbone as submarginal. They cited poor soil conditions and unfavorable topography, which resulted in substandard production, as primary culprits. Subsequently, New Deal legislation provided the framework to remove submarginal farms from production. Archaeological research has shown that these environmental conditions do not adhere to the classification scheme.  Additionally, the spatial...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leigh Anne Ellison. Francis McManamon.

Existing collections represent a significant untapped potential for future research.  Their value is made possible, and often greatly enhanced, by the associated records that provide context about their discovery.  Other times, physical collections may be incomplete or lost all together and the information about these collections is all that remains.  To ensure that future scholars are able to make use of this information it needs to be properly preserved and accessible for discovery.  Paper...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maryanne F. Maddoux.

The partners/owners of the Wing Hong Tai/Hai Company were innovative entrepreneurs who utilized multiple strategies to circumvent economic and social pressures during the Chinese Exclusion Act era.  The ‘Chinese Laundry’ site (35WS453) located in the Dalles, Oregon was occupied by the company beginning in the 1880s until the mid-1920s.  The site is situated along the Columbia River which is an important hub for travel and trade in the western United States.  The partners of the Wing Hong Tai/Hai...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Leslie Bush.

Features identified at The Voxman School of Music Site (13JH1436) were investigated by archaeologists in association with construction of a new building on the University of Iowa campus in downtown Iowa City. Historical documents and artifacts indicate residents of the urban site were comparatively affluent people. Two privy features produced abundant seeds of familiar fruits such as blackberry, strawberry, grape, elderberry, gooseberry, tomato, bell or hot pepper, and eggplant. Also present...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Seth J Sampson.

Late nineteenth century and early twentieth century mining was focused on more than mining precious metals (gold and silver).  Shady Myrick mined bloodstone, opals, moonstone, topaz, and what came to be called Myrickite.  From his arrival in the Mojave Desert in 1900 to his death in 1925, Shady Myrick staked numerous mineral claims and worked dozens of gemstone mines around Johannesburg and Randsburg, CA on what is now Bureau of Land Management Land, Naval Air Weapons Station, China Lake, Fort...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel M. Stansel.

The Biry House in Castroville, Texas is an archaeological site which presents a unique perspective on frontier life through the eyes of Alsatian immigrants who were thrust into a strange and sometimes hostile new environment. This study examines the ways in which the frontier setting may have affected gender roles and daily responsibilities. It will also examine how these might have changed over time as the residents of the Biry House adapted and settled into their surroundings over successive...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Eugene M Costello.

In much of Ireland, from early medieval times up to the 19th century, it was common practice to take livestock - cattle especially - up to the hills and mountains for the summer. This was a small-scale transhumance known as booleying, and involved the relocation of a minority of people with livestock to the upland areas. Here they lived in summer (booley) huts and tended to milch cows. The remains of these structures are now the best archaeological evidence of the practice ever taking place....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Loftus.

Life following emancipation in the southern United States during the late nineteenth and twentieth century was marked by painful static continuities and contradictions as people worked to dismantle deeply engrained structures and ideologies of white supremacy. The following considers this period of transformation on a local scale, looking at the household consumption choices of the Davis family, members of the Bethel African American community in East Texas. They and their fellow black neighbors...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jackson Huang. Erin C. Rodriguez.

This paper focuses primarily on the depositional processes of a historical midden site through a geoarchaeological analysis of an early 1900s domestic midden from Fort Davis Texas. Microscopic investigation has traditionally been used to interpret pre-history archaeological sites with poor emphasis on historical contexts. The examination of Fort Davis’ 2014 collection of heavy-fraction artifacts and soil micromorphological samples will show how geoarchaeology can be used in historical settings...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brandi Carrier. Michael Heinz.

At SHA 2016, evidence was presented, and subsequently published, demonstrating that strong magnetic field perturbations resulting from Earth-directed solar events can adversely affect marine archaeological survey. Survey and observatory magnetometer data from mid-latitude regions confirmed the immediate onset of geomagnetic storms and the fast compression of the magnetopause, creating a short-duration, high amplitude spike in Earth’s magnetic field that appears similar to the signature of an...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steven De Vore.

During April 2016, archeologists from the National Park Service conducted a geophysical investigation within the core and cemetery areas of the Fort Larned site.  Fort Larned served as the base of military operations against the hostile Plains Indians and for the protection of commerce along the eastern part of the Santa Fe Trail during the 1860s and 1870s.  The 2016 geophysical investigations included a magnetic survey of the core area and cemetery, as well as a ground penetrating radar survey...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeremy Pye. Tanya A. Faberson.

In mid-2017, CRA personnel conducted a geophysical survey and Phase II archaeological excavations on a tract of land adjacent to the Elk River in Charleston, Kanawha County, West Virginia. The property is the location of Site 46KA681, which is a multicomponent site that includes evidence of both prehistoric and historic occupations. The prehistoric component consists of a small habitation site of unknown cultural or temporal affiliation, while the historic component dates to as early as the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tiina M. Väre. Kari Moisio. Aki Hakonen. Sanna Lipkin. Mirette Modarress-Sadeghi. Sirpa Niinimäki. Riina Veijo. Heidi Lamminsivu. Titta Kallio-Seppä.

In the 2017 survey of the old churchyard of Tyrnävä parish ground penetrating radar and magnetometer were utilized to find the foundations of a church that stood on the site from 1664 until arson in 1865. The parish is situated on the coastal region of Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland and its history dates back to the 17th century. The parish’s churchyard used since the 1640s maintained its status as an active cemetery until the 1890s despite the destruction of the church. With time, the precise...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janie R Knutson.

Although the United States was late to enter into the First World War, the waters of the nation became a battlefield by the summer of 1918. Ships operating along North Carolina’s coast recurrently fell victim to the unrestricted U-boat campaign. This paper presents a historical and archaeological study of compiled records of all vessels, infrastructure, civilians, and combatants lost, damaged, or attacked in war-related incidents. This study employs Geographical Information System (GIS) software...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Kim A. McBride.

This paper presents recent excavations at two domestic sites in Menifee County, Kentucky.  Information on site structure and material culture were obtained from the excavations, and combined with data from documentary and oral history sources.   The area, now fairly remote due to its position with the Daniel Boone National Forest, was once well connected as the end of the line of a logging railroad, and a community nucleus with a school, possibly a commissary type store, and railroad-based mail...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Denise To.

The mission of DPAA is to provide the fullest possible accounting for our missing service-personnel from past conflicts.  This mandate requires the transportation of biological materials, including human skeletal and dental remains, from archaeological field locations and unilateral turnovers to DPAA laboratory facilities in Hawaii and Nebraska.  DPAA archaeological investigation, survey, and excavation sites are located across the globe, and the movement of these materials oftentimes involves...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hunter W Crosby.

It is nearly impossible to consider the heyday of traditional Americana, waxing nostalgic about the "good old days" of early travel and tourism in the United States, without thinking about Route 66. Sean Scanlan writes that "…memory and history are separate categories of thought—the former a system of retrieval, the latter a discourse on retrieval—and that nostalgia is the sorry cousin of various ways of retrieving a memory". This begs the question— what was Route 66 really like during its glory...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Koji H. Ozawa.

Recent research on the World War II Japanese American Incarceration Camp at Gila River has provided both depth of knowledge to the subject and a forum for community engagement. Archaeology in particular has brought to light the diversity of experiences and the specific physical conditions of this displacement and confinement. Through a thorough examination of the context and materials of the Japanese American Incarceration, archaeological investigation can further our understanding of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only cassandra michaud.

Montgomery Parks is conducting on-going excavations at the Josiah Henson site in Montgomery County Maryland, once a plantation where Josiah Henson and more than twenty others were enslaved. The historic main house and surrounding 3 acres are being developed into a museum focused on both Henson’s life and the institution of slavery in the county.  While some archaeological interpretation will be incorporated into traditional exhibit design, much of the data collected from excavation will be made...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather Alvey-Scott. Robert DeMuth.

This poster presents an analysis of the glassware recovered as part of the 2015 and 2016 excavations of the Coal Heritage Archaeology Project at Tams, WV and Wyco, WV.  The goal of this study is to compare and contrast the glassware found at these sites across racial, ethnic, and class lines to determine what impact living in an isolating mining community had on various groups of people who lived in these communities of labor.  This sort of analysis will allows us to compare the consumer habits...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher B. Rodning. David G. Moore. Robin A. Beck.

Spanish exploration and colonization of the American South encompassed a great deal of movement, including the movements of Spanish conquistadors, flows of goods to coastal entrepots and inland along the routes of Spanish entradas, rearrangements of Native American groups within the cultural landscape, and practices of placemaking that created common ground and borders between natives and newcomers.  One site at which to consider these dimensions of the Spanish colonialism in La Florida is the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Wendy Van Duivenvoorde. Jonathan Benjamin.

Underwater archaeology, which has emerged as a distinct sub-discipline, has its own specific practical and theoretical debates, issues and history. Education in underwater archaeology, however, is challenging. In practice, the study and professional activity merges maritime sectors and industry with traditional academic archaeology. The UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology aims to increase capacity through international cooperation. The Network is designed to enhance the protection and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Julia King.

Go-betweens, including translators, traders, diplomats, and other individuals who move between two or more cultures, are often viewed as important and even transforming actors in the colonial encounter. Go-betweens in the early modern Chesapeake are understood as not only moving between two or more cultures but between cultures located at some geographical distance from one another’s territories (in Maryland, Henry Fleet and William Claiborne would be examples). But what about the nature of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Janene W Johnston.

The Civil War Battle of Natural Bridge was fought within miles of Tallahassee, Florida, in March of 1865. In 2015 archaeologists and volunteers conducted a metal detecting survey on the battlefield, which is now a state park. Utilizing a modified catch-and-release strategy allowed for just the analysis of battle related artifacts, the vast majority of which were munitions related to both small arms and artillery combat. Due to the amount of Minié Balls recovered, firearm identification was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Elizabeth Krueger. Justin Dix.

A study has been undertaken combining time lapse, high quality, bathymetric data and known wreck databases over the area known as the Goodwin Sands, a large sandbank in the English Channel. The Goodwins have a long history of shipwrecks primarily due to proximity to major shipping routes, and the extant archaeological record identifies wrecks from the 18th through the 20th Century. The recent availability of swath bathymetry acquired by the Maritime & Coastguard Agency as part of their Civil...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tristan J Harrenstein.

Engaging local governments on preservation issues is challenging for a number of reasons. Perhaps the subject does not interest them, they see heritage as in the way, or they simply have other concerns. To top this off, we can spend a year developing relationships, only to have someone replace them the next election. The Governmental Opportunities for Preserving Heritage Resources (GOPHR) is a new program by the Florida Public Archaeology Network (FPAN) attempting to address this issue. GOPHR is...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Stephen Mrozowski.

This paper presents a discussion of the often, subtle quality of the legal machinations employed by colonial authorities to dispossess the indigenous groups of New England of their land. Prior to the outbreak of King Philip’s War in 1675, New England’s colonies maintained a civil, but increasingly tense relationship with the indigenous groups of the region. As English population increased tensions grew over land and notions of private property. With the defeat of King Philip’s confederation, the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Molly A. Hall. Brett Lang.

Early 20th century excavators had to contend with loose, sandy sediments when digging the graves at the Scott Family Cemetery in Dallas. More than a century later, archaeologists had to find solutions for the same problem while moving that cemetery. Even with advances in technology and methodology, the pitfalls and solutions were surprisingly similar. The archaeologists found evidence that the original excavators shored the walls with wood, stepped the shafts, and had to dig the holes larger...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sean Devlin.

Archaeological interpretations of consumption have long recognized its role in the construction of social identities and in the furtherance of social goals. While much of the historical archaeology of Jamaica, and indeed the Caribbean more broadly, has focused on exploring the consumption choices of enslaved Africans and African descendants, similar studies of archaeologically recovered planter patterns have not received as much attention. Yet, as archaeologies of whiteness are beginning to...

DOCUMENT Full-Text Heather Walder. John Creese.

In summer of 2016, the authors investigated two northern Wisconsin sites with long legacies of regional recognition as key seventeenth-century interaction locales among Native American communities and French explorers, missionaries, and traders. These historic locations, known as the Fish Creek Village and Shore’s Landing Trading Post, are significant to descendant communities, including local Ojibwe peoples and Wendat diaspora groups. In addition, the locations are some of the first...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Smith.

Coalwood was a cordwood lumber camp operated by Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula at the turn of the twentieth century. Workers were encouraged to live there with their families to blunt labor tension and save the costs of boarding houses and dining facilities. Many children lived in the camp; in 1910 there were at least 43 children at Coalwood. Most workers were Finnish immigrants and all but five children were either Finnish immigrants or the children of Finnish...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Radek Světlík. Lukáš Holata.

This paper presents the methodological approaches and results of the expedition for documentation of abandoned Gulag camps and uranium mines in Kodar mountains where prisoners mined uranium for the first Soviet atomic bomb. The main goal of the expedition was to document these places for the purpose of creating a virtual tour and reconstruction in order to make it possible for the general public to visit places that are otherwise virtually inaccessible. We have been using a combination of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Radek Světlík. Štěpán Černoušek. Josef Brošta. Jan Vrátný.

The Gulag Online virtual museum presents the basic form and dimensions of Soviet repression using a multidisciplinary approach and implementation of the results of previous expeditions mapping the remnants of correctional labour camps along the so-called Dead Road railway. Thanks to the extreme remoteness and desolation of the Northern Siberia region, many of these camps have been preserved to this day. We have mapped a total of 15 abandoned camps in various stages of decay. The virtual museum...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Richard Kanaski.

A small Gullah community once existed on the northern end of Harris Neck, Georgia.  This community, like their non-Gullah neighbors, was forced to move when the Department of War acquired the land in order to construct an Army airfield.  Since 1979, descendants have sought the return of 2400 acres.  Two descendant groups based their claims to this landscape on Margaret Harris' 1865 will, purported failure of the federal government to adequately compensate the Gullah land owners, and verbal...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sadie S Dasovich.

23SC2101 is a multi-component site with French Colonial through 20th-Century domestic occupations. A number of gunflints have been located throughout the site. The site is located in an urban area and many of the upper levels have suffered from severe disturbance. Based off the shape and color of these gunflints, this poster will suggest the weapon types the gunflints may have been used in and the geographic areas from which the flints were sourced. Analysis of the wear-patterning will also be...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Mark D Groover.

Cattle raising was prevalent and lucrative in 1700s South Carolina.  Site investigations conducted at the Thomas Howell and Catherine Brown cowpens revealed the material characteristics of mid-century cattle raisers in the South Carolina interior frontier or backcountry.  The study households were of Welsh ancestry and enslaved Africans also lived at the two cowpens.  Although financially prosperous, archaeology illustrates the Brown and Howell families experienced frontier living conditions...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Olivia A. McDaniel. P. Brendan Burke. Chuck T Meide.

During the 2015 field season the Lighthouse Archaeological Maritime Program (LAMP) completed a program of target testing and remote sensing in the waters off St. Augustine, Florida, with the objective of locating early colonial shipwrecks. The project included a series of remote sensing resurveys to re-investigate and better understand several magnetic targets initially identified during two previous surveys carried out in 1995 and 2009. The 2015 survey was carried out in conjunction with St....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Douglas Armstrong.

Archaeological and historical research at the Harriet Tubman Home has generated an extensive body of new data that sheds light on the complex and idiosyncratic life of this American icon.  This paper will examines expressions of Tubman’s spirituality which reflect both community based ideals and individualized expressions.  Tubman was an African American woman of strong beliefs with ties to many churches and ideologies, and much of her life was dedicated to the common good.  She was an activist...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Irini A Malliaros. James Hunter.

Archival research, in conjunction with data obtained from a collaborative expedition to Kenn Reefs, Australian Coral Sea Territory, undertaken by the Silentworld Foundation and Australian National Maritime Museum, has revealed the likely wreck site of mid-19th century convict transport vessel, Rodney. Over its lifetime Rodney transported hundreds of convicts and government passengers (free settlers) to Australia.  It was one of many privately-owned ships that undertook this work. However, these...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Dana M Channell.

Beginning in 2015, the University of Missouri – St. Louis Archaeological Field School has taken place at the site of Regent Spring, a mineral water spring in Excelsior Springs, Missouri. Previous surveys of this and surrounding coeval sites have been lacking. This is partially due to the frequent flooding of the nearby Fishing River, which has altered the topography over the past century. During the excavation of the Regent Spring site, students were able to rediscover features of this turn of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Alyssa R Scott.

Changing ideas about health can have important impacts regarding identity and the formation of a sense of place.  Fort Davis, Texas, was increasingly advertised as a health destination during the early twentieth-century.   Artifacts such as medicine bottles can give insight into social changes in health and medicine at a time when understandings of health and medicine were rapidly transforming.  These changes intersect with important social movements which occurred at around this time, including...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Sarah Miller.

Along Florida’s 8,000 miles of shoreline, nearly 4,000 archaeological sites and over 600 recorded historic cemeteries are at risk from coastal erosion and rising sea levels. The matter remains complex in Florida where despite the 20 percent higher rate of sea level rise compared to the global average, "climate change" remains politically taboo. This paper will outline ongoing efforts to engage the public in monitoring coastal sites, the creation of the Heritage Monitoring Scout (HMS Florida)...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Walt Holm. Craig Fuller. Bryan Heisinger. Gary Quigg.

Remotely-operated vehicles (ROVs) have been used for years to explore underwater archaeological sites.  Recent technology advances have improved the capabilities of ROVs, while greatly shrinking their size and lowering their cost.  Small, battery-powered ROVs can now be taken to remote sites, opening up areas for research that were previously unavailable. In August of 2015 a team of archaeologists and ROV operators packed deep into California's Kings Canyon wilderness to explore the wreckage of...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cori Rich.

I was inspired by the work of Dr. Elizabeth Scott and her ability to shed light onto underrepresented, often invisible, groups of people. This paper looks into the shadows of our past in an attempt to better understand women of different ethnicities and classes. Using ceramic assemblages and women’s activity related materials, I examine how class and ethnicity can impact women’s visibility within the archaeological record. Analysis of this data shows distinct differences between women’s...

DOCUMENT Citation Only John Mullen.

Improvements to the Alexandria waterfront began soon after the town was established in 1749.  By 1798, the tidal flats along the Potomac River had been infilled and the new shoreline was dominated by wharves and warehouses.  Archeological excavations at the Hotel Indigo site along the orginal shoreline, revealed evidence of this engineered infilling: the remnants of a bulkhead wharf and a late-18th century ship that were used as a framework to create new land. The foundations of one of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Merry Outlaw.

More than one hundred human burials have been excavated at Jamestown over the past 20 years, and thus far, few have contained grave goods.  The discovery of a small box on top of Captain Gabriel Archer’s coffin was, therefore, surprising to archaeologists.  Extensive scientific testing determined the box is silver and contains human bone and a lead ampulla.  It is a Catholic reliquary, a container to store holy relics—the bones of a saint, and a vial of holy water or blood of a saint.  This...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Ellen Chapman.

Collections associated with urban archaeology, predominantly created by compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, face unique challenges of curation, conservation, and accessibility. This research examines the curation crisis through the lens of archaeological collections from Richmond, Virginia. Despite unique assemblages, including those from a considerable Reconstruction Era incarcerated skeletal population; rare 19th century industrial and commercial contexts;...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Phillip T. Ashlock II.

The recent advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and affordability of Drone Technology has brought about the capacity for archaeologists to employ these new technologies as an effective means of documenting archaeological resources including historic sites specifically threatened with the immediate impacts of rising sea levels and climate change in coastal regions. This paper will provide an overview of new methodologies developed for Unmanned Aerial Archaeological Systems (UAARS) and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Erica R Smith.

Coastal archaeological sites are threatened by a host of environmental change processes, including sea level rise, land subsidence, and shoreline erosion. The rates at which these processes have been occurring are increasing, exacerbated by climate change. This will cause further loss of archaeological sites and with them, the loss of knowledge of how coastal inhabitants lived and interacted with their landscape. My research assesses the vulnerability of prehistoric and Contact period Native...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Knoerlein.

David Knoerlein CEP a certified professional evidence photographer and president of Forensic Digital Imaging, Inc. will demonstrate the three basic elements needed to produce professional quality digital photographs for artifact and field photography. Dave will demonstrate how to capture museum quality images of artifacts utilizing inexpensive tabletop digital camera equipment, as well as easy to use point and shoot style digital cameras for field photography. In addition, Mr. Knoerlein will...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Brian D. Crane.

The documentary record and archaeological resources of the Delaware valley present an excellent opportunity to explore the complex interactions among colonial settlers and their Lenape and Susquehannock neighbors. Historic ethnography envisions approaching the culture of a group of people at a specific place and time from as many documentary and material perspectives as possible in order to develop a rich and deeply contextualized understanding of how those people lived. My approach to work on...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Fahri Dikkaya.

The western-Anatolian seaport of Izmir (Symrna) emerged as a wealthy, turbulent and international entrepot in the early 17th century in the Ottoman Empire. The flourishing Izmir in the Mediterranean commerce was controlled by Italians, especially Venetians, before Dutch, French and English merchants set up their networks in the early 17th century. After founding English Levant Company in Izmir, English merchants played crucial roles in the trade networks in the Mediterranean. In the early 19th...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Daniel E. Bishop. Kevin Crisman.

During the Seven Years' War, the British and French vied for control over the Champlain Valley and its influential waterway. In an incredible feat of ship construction, in 1759, the sloop Boscawen and its brig counterpart, Duke of Cumberland, were built and launched in less than two months. Boscawen was utilized throughout the remainder of the war and served as a warship and transport vessel. At the end of its career, the sloop was abandoned and later sank in the shallow waters of the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J. Lunze. S. Colebank. H. Sprinkle. F. Bromberg. E. Breen. R. Reeder. George Schwarz.

In April 2016, members and volunteers with The Virginia Maritime Heritage Society, Alexandria Archaeology, as well as Underwater Archaeology Branch of Navy History and Heritage Command documented 141 treenails, and 67 iron fastenings to further study of the 18th century Alexandria Ship.  Archaeology staff and volunteers collected sample data from fastenings present on the surviving timbers to allow for a unique look at the life of this ship before its purposeful deconstruction.  The fastenings...

DOCUMENT Citation Only J Alan May.

Robert Davidson built Holly Bend (sometimes called Hollywood in the 20th century) between 1795 and 1800 on 420 acres that his father, Major John Davidson (early settler and Revolutionary War participant from Mecklenburg County), gave him in 1795. The house, which was built in a bend of the Catawba River and is reputed to have been named for the holly trees that grow in great abundance in the area, was completed before Robert married Margaret Osborne on January 1, 1801. Robert Davidson,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only David Givens.

During the 2010 and 2013 field seasons, Jamestown Rediscovery archaeologists excavated the remains of the sites first substantial church (1608 – 1617) and the remains of four individuals buried within the chancel. The dimensions and location of this "pretty chapel" as noted by secretary of the colony William Strachey matched the post-in-ground structure found by Rediscovery archaeologists in 2010. Additionally, the location of the building closely aligns with a cross-like symbol drawn on a ca....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Cyler N. Conrad. Jeremy C Brunette.

Beginning in the 1880s, Hispanic- and Euro-American homesteaders expanded onto the Pajarito Plateau in northern New Mexico. While journals and documentary accounts from visitors and descendants provide insight into the everyday livelihood of these farmers and ranchers, few studies have investigated their shared experience based on examination of physical remains. In this zooarchaeological analysis we identify and quantify the animal remains from several homesteader cabin sites at Los Alamos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tyler Dean Allen. Robert DeMuth. Heather Alvey-Scott. Kelly MacCluen.

Excavations during the summers of 2015 and 2016 by the Coal Heritage Archaeology Project focused on the residential communities that once lived in Tams, WV and Wyco, WV.  These communities originated as coal company towns, in which all residents worked for and rented their houses from the coal company.  Because these communities were somewhat isolated, many of the residents could only shop at the company store.  This study examines the ceramic materials recovered from different racial, and...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Naomi J Woods.

Whanganui has a colourful history, from its beginnings as a planned New Zealand Company settlement in 1840, to a base for colonial warfare and then a hub for intensive farming of the surrounding hinterland by the turn of the twentieth century. The Maria Place cottages lay in the heart of this town, originally nestled between the two main stockades and subsequently becoming a part of the bustling central business district, and as such they have the potential to reveal a wealth of information...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Katherine Fennelly.

This paper will explore housing for working-class metal workers in Sheffield. The focus of the paper will be the nineteenth-century industrial colony of Parkwood Springs in north Sheffield, in the United Kingdom. Residential housing was constructed on the Parkwood Springs site to house workers employed in metal trades. The neighbourhood was isolated, as access was limited to a road tunnel running under a railway bridge, and later a footbridge - the primary route for local school children to the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michael D Roy.

Florida’s current commercial salvage legislation, Rule 1A-31, serves as a way for the state to better work with and regulate the treasure hunting industry by issuing exploration and recovery permits. This paper looks in depth at 1A-31 to explore the development of this legislation as well as compare it to previous related state programs. Additionally, Florida's state legislationg will be compared and related to federal legislation such as the Abondoned Shipwreck Act. This paper will address...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Candace A Fleck.

This research demonstrates the importance of geomorphology in archaeological field observations and studies.  To receive accurate and faster results of terrestrial sites, one must see the area in a geomorphic view.  Just from recognizing geomorphic characteristics, one can see the patterns of how the environment has cultivated. Turning back chronologic time and being able to visualize how people lived in their environments is extremely important for any archaeologist.  The everyday life of past...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michelle Gray. Meredith Hardy.

Underneath the well-manicured landscape of Christiansted National Historic Site stood the center of Danish Caribbean commerce, the Danish West India and Guinea Company Warehouse. Through these doors flowed the lifeblood of the Danish colonial experience – sugar and slave. Since 2015, the National Park Service, as partners in the Slave Wrecks Project, has been conducting a community archaeological program that introduces archaeology and heritage management to local students. The goal of this...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Steve Dasovich. Gwyneth J Vollman.

With the invention of the mechanical, circular saw in 1928, can the spacing of the saw marks clue us in to what type of saw was used?  Saw marks on animal bones at two sites in St. Charles, MO are analyzed to determine if they were sawed by hand or by a machine and perhaps whether or not people used a circular saw or straight saw.  Irregular spacing is thought to be the hallmark of hand sawing and this paper will discuss the findings of differences in spacing and type of saw marks to aid in both...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jeri L. Pajor.

During Detroit, Michigan’s "Golden Age" of beer production (1840-1880s) many immigrants brought beer-making skills and started brewery businesses. Many breweries were located downtown and their increasing popularity saturated local beer-production. Since 2011 Wayne State University has been excavating residential lots at Michigan Central Station in the Corktown neighborhood, recovering over 10,000 artifacts.  Corktown was comprised of Irish and German immigrants, first generation Michiganders,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Lauren Zych.

Following the discovery of unusual handmade chamber pots at Colonial Williamsburg last century, archaeologists began to identify colonoware in contexts throughout North America, the Caribbean, and beyond. Traditionally defined as the product of two or more disparate cultures, colonoware remains the most thoroughly studied category of "hybrid" objects in archaeology today. However, scholars now agree that a myopic emphasis on production –or, more accurately, on the racial identities of producers–...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Michelle M Pigott.

After the violent collapse of Spain’s La Florida mission system in 1704, the Apalachee nation was disrupted by a diaspora that spread people across the Southeast, eventually to settle in small communities among other splintered nations. Navigating a complex cultural borderland created by constant Native American migrations and European power struggles, the displaced Apalachee experienced rapid culture change in the 18th century. Making use of ceramic data from four archaeological sites related...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Hannah Ferguson. Ashley M Morton.

In 2016, archaeologists with Fort Walla Walla Museum and the Spokane Tribe of Indians identified an intact spoil pile related to a ca.1890s-1907 blacksmith shop; operated by one of Spokane's pioneer smithys. During archival research it was found that this blacksmith, German immigrant Perter Sondgerath, rarely lived at his shop but rather in some of Spokane's most popular and pricey hotels thereby offiering a glimpse of early 20th century life in Urban Spokane. In this poster we follow the places...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Natascha Mehler.

During the 15th to the 17th centuries, many Germans from Hamburg and Bremen spent their summer in the many trading stations along the extensive coast lines of Iceland. Although Iceland was a part of the kingdom of Denmark, German merchants and sailors, clerics and physicians dominated economic and cultural life, granted by Danish authorities. The paper tries to untackle the different colonial aspects and explores the triangular power relations between Icelanders, Germans and Danes in the early...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Heather L Sargent-Gross.

In 1860 gold was found in Pierce, Idaho. By 1870, the population of the Boise Basin alone reached 3,834 individuals, 46 percent of whom were Chinese. Many immigrants settled in Placerville, Idaho. Between 2002-2003 archaeologists at the Boise National Forest conducted excavations at the Ophir Creek Brewery. This work discusses excavations at the Ophir Creek Brewery, a part of town occupied by many of the Chinese immigrants. Analysis of the archaeological materials recovered from the Ophir Creek...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Idah M. Whisenant.

Lake Pend Oreille is located 30 miles north of Coeur d’Alene in northern Idaho and has many intriguing aspects including the diverse human occupancy and uses of the lake and its surrounding area. The Native American, early European, and WWII naval training station presence demonstrates a varied and long history. The primary focus of this presentation are the Farragut Naval Training Station and Pend Oreille City history and material culture, in addition to the Native American's interaction with...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Megan Lickliter-Mundon. Frank Cantelas. Wendy Coble. Jeremy Kinney. Jennifer F McKinnon. Jeffrey Meyer. Andrew Pietruszka. James R. Pruitt. Hans Van Tilburg.

American B-29 Superfortress aircraft flew missions against Japan from air bases in the Marianas Islands near the end of WWII. Combat damage or technical failures forced many B-29s into the ocean surrounding Saipan and Tinian, but no losses in deep water were discovered until 2016, when a NOAA exploration cruise investigated sonar targets in the Saipan Channel. Disarticulated wreckage from a B-29 was located at 370m over a large area. Telepresence enabled exploration from NOAA’s ship Okeanos...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Meredith A Stoops.

While ceramics are prevalent among many historical archaeological excavations, it is often difficult to properly identify ware type, particularly to the archaeologist untrained in ceramic studies.  Even with such training some sherds may still remain unidentifiable.  The purpose of this research is to investigate the feasibility of using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to accurately categorize ceramic sherds by ware type based on the elemental composition of their glaze.  By analyzing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Amanda D. Roberts Thompson.

The South End Plantation is located on the southern end on Ossabaw Island, Georgia. This tract of land had two separate plantations. The first dates to the late 1700s-early 1800s, but very little is known about plantation period activities during this time. In contrast, there are numerous documents that provide information about the later plantation occupation and the owner George Jones Kollock who operated a cotton plantation at the site from 1849-1861. During this time, the land was...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Christopher T. Begley. Roberto Gallardo.

Recent underwater archaeological research in El Salvador explores identity formation and consumption through an examination of material culture from a mid-19th century steamship wreck. Analyses of  data from a circa 1860 shipwreck with remarkably well-preserved cargo allows insight into the consumption patterns involving both sumptuary and quotidian goods at a moment during  the first decades of the Republic of El Salvador, founded in 1841. This transition from colony to republic saw dramatic,...

DOCUMENT Citation Only B Scott Rose.

A "Light Station" is no mere beacon - it is a complex of changing buildings on a footprint that has altered considerably over time due to fluctuations in its management and the world that surrounds it. This project gathered historic and archaeological data in order to illuminate potential relationships between economic and social investment in lighthouse complexes, and enhance our understanding of the multitude of factors that drive the establishment and development of lighthouse communities....

DOCUMENT Citation Only Maria Ktori.

Previous research has established the dynamic relationship between humans and their environment. Based on Westerdahl's seminal theory regarding the maritime landscape, this relationship becomes more intense and complex in a coastal setting. This paper presents the case of Paphos, a harbour town in west Cyprus, during the Lusignan period (1192-1474/89) and the Venetian period (1474/89-1570/71). Travelling literature provides us with impressions, perceptions and the travellers' itineraries from...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Jessica Sanger.

A comparative analysis of glass viewing windows present within interments during the Victorian Era and into the early twentieth century provides a unique perspective on the socioeconomic status of black and white communities throughout this time period, as well as an interpretation of assumptions made as to which individuals purchased these adornments for their dearly departed. This study examines Freedman’s Cemetery in Dallas, Texas, as well as seventy-nine other historic black and white...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Calvin H Mires.

In 2015, SEAMAHP and the Massachusetts Board of Underwater Archaeological Resources (MBUAR) partnered with Salem State University, National Park Service (NPS), the Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) and the PAST Foundation to offer a field school that examined the life and death of Ada K. Damon – a 19th century schooner that has been landmark on the shoreline for over 100 years. This pilot program successfully raised enough awareness and interest that Salem State University requested a second...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Thomas E. Beaman. Jr..

Given their historically modest size and meager populations, one could hardly consider the colonial port towns of North Carolina "urban" by period standards when compared to contemporary Philadelphia or Charleston.  Largely due to unique coastal geography, the culturally rural character, and comparatively late development of North Carolina during the colonial era, smaller towns shared common characteristics of design and development that fulfilled regional needs as developed centers, where...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Tatiana Niculescu.

American Jewish history tends to focus on the often insular urban communities of the Northeast. Individuals and families arrived to the United States and settled in places like New York’s Lower East Side, seemingly self-contained enclaves of Jewish economic and social life. This story has become a trope.  However, many other Jewish immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries did not follow this pattern.  Instead these individuals ended up in small towns, establishing their own...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Scott Oliver.

During the 2015 field season the Montpelier Archaeology Department excavated two smokehouses located in area known as the South Yard, home to enslaved domestic laborers. The excavations unearthed a large faunal assemblage spread across the yard between these structures. This paper serves as the initial findings of my Masters internship through the University of Maryland, which will look at the diet across the three enslaved communities present at Montpelier by comparing...

DOCUMENT Citation Only S. Alan Skinner.

After the Civil War, Jack Scott and his family homesteaded in the Trinity River floodplain in West Dallas. He was a farmer who died in 1903 and was buried in a 30 foot square family cemetery that was dedicated at that time. The last interment was in 1931 and the cemetery was abandoned. Years later, four feet of the overlying alluvial sand was removed and a large borrow pit was created. The pit was subsequently filled with construction trash. The unmarked cemetery was included in an urban...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Timo Ylimaunu. Paul R. Mullins. Tiina Äikäs. Titta Kallio-Seppä.

Since the late 19th century most Finnish industrial areas have had one distinctive and important building—sauna—that was as important to workers as to the company’s officials. Industrial spaces had usually separated workers’ housing areas and many cases saunas were separately located from the housing and industrial spaces; most likely because of the danger of fire. We will discuss the importance and role of saunas for the industrial communities in Finland. In some industrial areas workers had...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Samuel I. Haskell. Matthew Maus. Charles D Beeker. Kirsten M. Hawley.

Built in 1872 as the Peerless, the Muskegon (12LE0381) was a steamship that operated on the Great Lakes until it was abandoned in 1911. Having functioned as a passenger-freighter, a lumber-hooker, and a sand-sucker during its service, the Muskegon represents important innovations in engineering, commerce, transportation, and industry. Following initial documentation by state archaeologist Gary Ellis in 1987, the Muskegon became the first shipwreck in the State of Indiana to be listed in the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only E. Jeanne Harris.

This paper presents preliminary findings of doctoral research exploring the influences of Victorian middle-class values on nineteenth-century health concerns. After years of professional research on 19th health-related artefacts within archaeological assemblages, the author noted a reoccurring pattern in the historical literature which promotes the idea of a lack of middle-class values within working-class populations. This research project contests this notion by exploring how these values...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Boyd S. Sipe.

Historical and archeological literature documenting plantation overseers in the American South is very limited and the extant sources focus almost entirely on overseers from the later antebellum period.  The relevance of such information to colonial-period overseers, who are rarely identified in the archeological record and who left few documentary traces, is unclear. At the Accotink Quarter site (44FX0223) in Fairfax County, Virginia, intact historic features and artifact deposits indicated the...

DOCUMENT Citation Only Coy J. Idol.

Assassin’s Creed is a multivolume series, developed by Ubisoft, with 17 games across a variety of platforms. One of the most successful aspects of this franchise is its ability to recreate historical settings. In recreating these settings, the developers and writers draw from all available sources, including sponsoring their own archaeological investigations. Through the use of these sources, developers and writers are able to not only create largely historically accurate plots, but interactive...